Treaty interpretation:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2015
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| Edition: | Second edition |
| Series: | The Oxford international law library
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | xliii, 523 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780199669233 9780198806240 |
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD TO THE FIRST EDITION BY SIR MICHAEL WOOD XV
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION XVII
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
X
IX
ABBREVIATIONS XXI
NOTE ON CITATIONS XXIII
TABLE OF CASES XXV
TABLE OF TREATIES AND LEGISLATION XXXVII
PART I. OVERVIEW, HISTORY, MATERIALS,
AND DRAMATIS PERSONAE
THE VIENNA RULES
1. A SINGLE SET OF RULES OF INTERPRETATION 5
1. INTRODUCTION 5
1.1 GUIDE TO ANALYTICAL APPROACH 9
2. APPLICABILITY OF THE VIENNA RULES GENERALLY 13
2.1 HISTORY OF RECOGNITION BY THE ICJ OF THE VIENNA RULES 14
2.2 EXPRESS ENDORSEMENT OF THE VIENNA RULES BY THE ICJ 16
2.3 ENDORSEMENT OF THE VIENNA RULES BY OTHER INTERNATIONAL COURTS
AND TRIBUNALS 18
2.4 ENDORSEMENT OF THE VIENNA RULES BY NATIONAL COURTS 19
3. DEFINITIONS AND KEY CONCEPTS 20
3.1 TREATY 20
3.2 PARTY, SIGNATORY, ETC 23
3.3 TREATY RELATIONS 24
3.4 PREPARATORY WORK 25
3.5 INTERTEMPORAL LAW 26
3.6 'INTERPRETATION', 'APPLICATION', AND 'CONSTRUCTION' 26
4. THE PROCESS OF INTERPRETATION AND THE NATURE OF THE RULES 30
4.1 THE PROCESS OF INTERPRETATION AND THE PRINCIPLE
OF AUTONOMOUS INTERPRETATION 30
4.2 A GENERAL'RULE'AND'RULES'OF INTERPRETATION 35
4.3 ARE THE VIENNA RULES 'RULES'? 38
5. FIVE EXAMPLES 41
5.1 INTERPRETATION BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS*
A TYPICAL APPROACH 42
5.2 AN ARBITRAL AWARD ILLUSTRATING DIE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TREATY
INTERPRETATION
AND APPLICATION OF LAW 44
5.3 AN INTERPRETATION BY AN ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CENTRE
FOR SETTLEMENT OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES (ICSID)*
INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF A TREATY 47
I CONTENTS
5.4 INTERPRETATION WITHIN A NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM*
CONTRASTING APPLICATION OF VIENNA RULES AND DOMESTIC PRECEDENT 51
5.5 INTERPRETATION WITHIN A NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM*
INCREASING AWARENESS OF THE VIENNA RULES IN COURTS IN THE UK 54
2. DEVELOPMENT OF RULES OF INTERPRETATION 57
1. INTRODUCTION 57
2. TREATY INTERPRETATION IN THE GRECO-ROMAN ERA 60
3. GROTIUS, PUFENDORF, VATTEL, AND CANONS OF INTERPRETATION 61
4. THE HARVARD DRAFT CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF TREATIES 62
5. THE PERMANENT COURT OF INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE 65
6. RESTRICTIVE INTERPRETATION AND EFFECTIVENESS 66
7. INSTITUC DE DROIT INTERNATIONAL 68
8. THE PRACTICE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
BEFORE THE VIENNA CONVENTION 69
9. "IHE NEW HAVEN SCHOOL AND WORLD PUBLIC ORDER 71
10. IVIE WORK OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW COMMISSION AND
THE VIENNA CONFERENCE 74
3. INTERPRETATIVE MATERIAL GENERATED IN MAKING TREATIES 81
1. INTRODUCTION 81
2. MAKING TREATIES 82
2.1 WHO INITIATES AND NEGOTIATES TREATIES? 82
2.2 NEGOTIATING AND DRAWING UP A TREATY 82
2.2.1 NEGOTIATION ANDFULL POWERS 83
23 ADOPTION AND AUTHENTICATION OF A TREATY TEXT 84
2.4 CONCLUDED AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS 85
2.4.1 FINAL ACTS AND PROTOCOLS 86
2.4.2 DISTINGUISHING TREATIES FROM OTHER INSTRUMENTS 87
3. RESERVATIONS AND STATEMENTS OR DECLARATIONS AFFECTING
INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES 91
3.1 RESERVATIONS 91
3.2 INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS 93
3-2.1 INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS IN PREPARATORY WORK
AND AT, OR AFTER, CONCLUSION 94
3-3 DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN RESERVATIONS AND INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS
95
3-3.1 THE NATURE OF THE DIFFERENCE 95
3.3.2 WRINKLES IN THE DISTINCTION
AND 'CONDITIONAL INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS' 96
333 CONFUSING TERMINOLOGY: STATEMENTS AND DECLARATIONS 97
3.3.4 DIFFERENTIATING IN PRACTICE 98
3.3.5 THE SCHEME FOR DIFFERENTIATION ENVISAGED IN
THE ILCS GUIDE 100
3.4 OTHER DECLARATIONS 101
3.5 PROCEDURE RELATING TO INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS 101
3- 5. / APPROVAL OF AN INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATION 102
CONTENTS VII
3.5.2 OPPOSITION TO AN INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATION 103
3.5.3 RECHARACTERIZATION OF AN INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATION 104
3.6 EFFECTS OF INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS 105
3.6.1 EFFECTS OF GENERAL AGREEMENT TO
AN INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATION 106
3.6.2 EFFECTS OF APPROVAL BY ONLY ONE STATE OR FEWER THAN ALL 107
3.6.3 DECISIONS OF COURTS AND TRIBUNALS
ON INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS 109
3.7 CONCLUSION ON INTERPRETATIVE DECLARATIONS 111
4. PREPARATORY MATERIALS 112
4.1 HOW FAR DOES PREPARATORY WORK TRACE HISTORY? ] 12
4.1.1 WHAT ILLUMINATES A COMMON UNDERSTANDING? 113
4.1.2 TRACING A HISTORICAL LINE 113
4.1.3 LOOKING AT THE MAIN SOURCE 114
4.1.4 USING ALL MATERIAL AVAILABLE TO NEGOTIATORS 116
4.2 WHETHER PREPARATORY WORK CAN BE DIFFERENTIALLY ADMISSIBLE 117
4.3 DOCUMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH TREATY NEGOTIATIONS 118
4.4 ADMISSIBILITY OF DOCUMENTS FROM A UNILATERAL SOURCE 119
4. WHO USES THE VIENNA CONVENTION TO INTERPRET TREATIES? 123
1. INTRODUCTION 123
2. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 125
2.1 GENERAL INTERPRETATIVE COMPETENCE IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 125
2.2 THE TWO VIENNA CONVENTIONS ON THE LAW OF TREATIES 126
2.3 THE UNITED NATIONS AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 127
2.4 THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND EUROPEAN UNION 129
3. INTERNATIONAL COURTS AND TRIBUNALS 129
3.1 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 129
3.2 ARBITRATION 130
3.3 THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION DISPUTE SETTLEMENT UNDERSTANDING 131
3.4 THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR SETTLEMENT
OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES (ICSID) 134
3.5 THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 135
3.6 THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE (COURT OF JUSTICE OF
THE EUROPEAN UNION) 136
3-6.1 THE TREATIES FOUNDING THE COMMUNITY 136
3-6.2 TREATIES TO WHICH THE COMMUNITY IS A PARTY
WITH NON-MEMBER STATES 137
3.6.3 COMMUNITY INSTRUMENTS GIVING EFFECT TO TREATIES
WITH NON-MEMBERS 140
3.7 OTHER INTERNATIONAL COURTS AND TRIBUNALS 141
4. NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS 141
4.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF TREATIES 141
4.2 JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION WITHIN NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS 143
4.2.1 PARTIES TO THE VIENNA CONVENTION GENERALLY 143
4.2.2 THE COMMON LAW TRADITION 144
4.2.3 STATES WHICH ARE NOT PARTIES TO THE VIENNA CONVENTION 150
VIII CONTENTS
PART II. INTERPRETATION APPLYING
THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF TREATIES
A. THE GENERAL RULE
5. THE GENERAL RULE: (1) THE TREATY, ITS TERMS,
AND THEIR ORDINARY MEANING 161
1. A'TREATY'
162
1.1 IHE 'TREATY' AND ITS 'TERMS' 1"4
1.2 IHE SOUND OF SILENCE*ABSENT AND IMPLIED TERMS 165
2. 'GOOD FAITH' 167
2.1 HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK RELATING TO'GOOD FAITH' 168
1.1 ORDINARY MEANING OF'GOOD FAITH' 170
2.3 VIOOD FAITH' IN CONTEXT AND IN THE LIGHT OF THE CONVENTIONS OBJECT
AND PURPOSE 1'1
2.4 ISSUES AND PRACTICE 172
2.-1.1 'GOOD FAITH'GENERALLY 172
2.4.2 GOAD FAITH'MEANING REASONABLENESS 176
_'. 4.3 'GOODFAITH' LIMITING INTERPRETATION OF A POWER 177
2.-I.4 GOOD FAITH'REQUIRING BALANCING OF TREATY ELEMENTS 178
2.4.5 'GOODFAITH' AND THE PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVENESS
(UT RES MAGIS VALEAT QUAM PEREAT) 179
3. 'ORDINARY MEANING' 181
3.1 HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK 182
32 ORDINARY MEANING OF'ORDINARY MEANING TO BE GIVEN TO
THE TERMS OF THE TREATY' 183
3.3 ISSUES AND PRACTICE 184
3.3.1 ROLE OF ORDINARY MEANING 184
3-3.2 DICTIONARIES AND OTHER SOURCES OF DEFINITIONS 186
3-3-3 LITERAL MEANINGS OF SINGLE TERMS 189
3.3.4 NO ORDINARY MEANING OR NO SINGLE ONE? 190
3-3-5 GENERIC TERMS 192
3-3-6 'ORDINARY TO WHOM? 193
3-. ? 7 TREATY LANGUAGE AND TERMS 194
3-3-8 TERMS AND CONCEPTS 195
4. 'CONTEXT' 197
*1.1 BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 198
4.2 ISSUES AND PRACTICE 199
4.2.1 IMMEDIATE CONTEXT*GRAMMAR AND SYNTAX 199
4.2.2 TITLE, HEADINGS, AND CHAPEAUX 200
4.2.3 CONTEXT SHOWING STRUCTURE OR SCHEME 202
4.2.4 RELITED AND CONTRASTING PROVISIONS 205
4.2.5 PREAMBLE 205
4.2.6 PUNCTUATION AND SYNTAX 206
4.2." DIFFERENT MEANINGS OF SAME TERM IN A SINGLE INSTRUMENT 209
4.2.8 LINK WITH OBJECT AND PURPOSE 210
5. OBJECT AND PURPOSE' 211
V1 HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK RELATING TO 'OBJECT AND PURPOSE' 212
5.1 ORDINARY MEANING OF'OBJECT AND PURPOSE'IN CONTEXT 212
CONTENTS IX
5.3 ISSUES AND PRACTICE 215
5.3.1 SINGULAR OBJECT AND PURPOSE 215
5.3.2 FINDING OBJECT AND PURPOSE FROM PREAMBLE
AND SUBSTANTIVE PROVISIONS 216
5.3.3 CAN THE OBJECT AND PURPOSE BE USED TO COUNTER CLEAR
SU BSTANTIVE PROVISIONS? 218
5.3.4 OBJECT AND PURPOSE IDENTIFYING GENERAL SCOPE OF TREATY 219
5.3.5 OBJECT AND PURPOSE IN A PARTICULAR PROVISION 220
5.3.6 PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVENESS (GENERAL) 2 21
6. CONCLUSIONS 222
6. THE GENERAL RULE: (2) AGREEMENTS AS CONTEXT, SUBSEQUENT
AGREEMENTS, AND SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE 223
1. INTRODUCTION 223
1.1 THE LINKING NOTION OF AGREEMENT 223
1.2 SUBSTANTIAL IDENTITY OF EFFECT OF SUBSEQUENT AGREEMENTS
ON INTERPRETATION AS OF THOSE AT TIME OF CONCLUSION 228
1.3 INTERPRETATIVE AGREEMENT IN SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE 231
2. AGREEMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS MADE IN CONNECTION
WITH CONCLUSION OF A TREATY 232
2.1 MEANING OF 'CONCLUSION' OF A TREATY 232
2.1.1 ISSUES ARISING AS TO 'IN CONNECTION WITH CONCLUSION
OF A TREATY 235
2.2 INTERPRETATIVE ROLE OF AGREEMENTS CONNECTED
WITH CONCLUSION OF A TREATY 237
2.3 INTERPRETATIVE ROLE OF INSTRUMENTS MADE BY ONE OR MORE PARTIES 239
2.3.1 INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY ARTICLE 31(2)(B) OF
THE VIENNA CONVENTION 239
2.3.2 ROLE OF UNILATERAL INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY ARTICLE 31 (2)(B) 241
3. SUBSEQUENT AGREEMENTS 242
3.1 FACT OF AGREEMENT, NOT FORM, IS THE KEY FACTOR 243
3-1.1 HISTORY AND ANALYSIS 244
3-1.2 ICJ LOOKS FOR FACT OF AGREEMENT, NOT FORM 246
3.2 LESS FORMAL OR INFORMAL AGREEMENT 247
3.3 FORMAL AMENDMENT AND CHANGED WORDING 250
3.3.1 EFFECT OF AMENDING AGREEMENTS 250
3-3.2 CHANGED WORDING IN RELATED OR COMPARABLE AGREEMENTS 253
4. SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE 253
4.1 ELEMENTS OF SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE 254
4.1.1 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROVISION 254
4.1.2 MEANING OF'SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE' 254
4.1.3 FREQUENCY AND UNIFORMITY OF PRACTICE 256
4.1.4 PRACTICE MAY CONSIST OF EXECUTIVE, LEGISLATIVE,
AND JUDICIAL ACTS 257
4.1.5 'SUBSEQUENTPRACTICE'AND'SUBSEQUENT CONDUCT'DISTINGUISHED 259
4.1.6 PRACTICE 'IN THE APPLICATION OF THE TREATY 261
4.2 DEDUCTION FROM ABSENCE OF SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE 262
4.2.1 ABSENCE OF ACTION 262
4.2.2 COMBINING ACTION WITH ABSENCE OF REACTION 264
CONTENTS
4.3 PARTIES PARTICIPATING IN THE PRACTICE 266
4. 3. I PRACTICE MUST BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO PARTIES 266
4.3.2 AGREEMENT, NOT PRACTICE, OF ALL PARTIES IS REQUIRED 266
4.3.3 I'RACTICE OF SOME PARTIES ONLY DOES NOT INTERPRET A TREATY
'INTER SE' UNLESS SO AGREED 267
4.3.4 PRACTICE OF SOME PARTIES IN ABSENCE OF THAT OF OTHERS 268
4.4 'ESTABLISHING' AGREEMENT 269
4.5 SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE LINKED WITH INFORMAL AGREEMENT,
UNDERSTANDINGS, OR OTHER INSTRUMENTS 273
4.6 SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE AND 'EVOLUTIVE' INTERPRETATION DISTINGUISHED 274
*\."
!
SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE AND AMENDMENT DIFFERENTIATED 275
*1.8 SUBSEQUENT PRACTICE IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 280
4.8.1 WHOSE PRACTICE IN THE ORGANIZATION? 280
4.H.2 PRACTICE IN RELATION TO A TREATY ESTABLISHING AN ORGANIZATION 281
4.8.3 PRACTICE IN RELATION TO TREATY PROVISIONS OTHER THAN
IN CONSTITUTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 285
4.H.4 DOES PRACTICE OF COURTS AND TRIBUNALS CONSTITUTE PRECEDENT? 285
4.9 POSSIBLE OVERLAP WITH RELEVANT RULES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 287
5. CONCLUSIONS 288
7. "THE GENERAL RULE (3): RELEVANT RULES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
AND SPECIAL MEANINGS 289
1. INTRODUCTION 289
1.1 'IHE INTERTEMPORAL RULE IN GENERAL INTERNATIONAL LAW 291
1.2 LIME FACTORS IN TREATY INTERPRETATION 292
2. HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK OF ARTICLE 31(3)(C) 295
3. ORDINARY MEANING OF ARTICLE 31(3)(C) IN CONTEXT, ETC 298
3.1 THERE SHALL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT, TOGETHER WITH THE CONTEXT. 298
3.2 RELEVANT RULES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 299
3.2.1 RELEVANCE 299
3-2.2 RULES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 299
}.} WHICH ARE'THE PARTIES'? 302
4. ISSUES AND PRACTICE 304
4.1 TERMS 305
4.1.1 EXTENT OF RELEVANT'INTERNATIONAL LAW' 305
4.1.2 RULES' 307
4.1.3 APPLICABLE IN THE RELATIONS BETWEEN WHICH'PARTIES? 310
4.1.4 CONCLUSION ITS TO'PARTIES' 317
*I.2 INTERTEMPORAL AND TEMPORAL ISSUES 317
4.3 CLARIFYING MEANING BY REFERENCE TO INTERNATIONAL LAW 320
4.4 REFERENCE TO OTHER TREATIES 323
4.4.1 REFERENCE TO INTERNATIONAL LAW STATED IN COMMON
FORM TREATIES 324
4.4.2 REFERENCE TO THE SAME WORD AS USED IN OTHER TREATIES 325
4.4.3 REFERENCE TO TERMS OR PHRASES USED IN TREATIES ON
THE SAME SUBJECT 325
4.4.4 REQUIREMENT TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT ANOTHER TREATY 326
4.5 FILLING GAPS BY REFERENCE TO GENERAL INTERNATIONAL LAW 328
CONTENTS XI
4.6 PARALLEL AND CONFLICTING OBLIGATIONS 331
4.7 TAKING ACCOUNT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW DEVELOPMENTS 332
5- SPECIAL MEANINGS 334
5.1 INTRODUCTION 334
5.2 HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK 335
5.3 ISSUES AND PRACTICE 337
5-3.1 SPECIAL MEANING AND ORDINARY MEANING DISTINGUISHED 337
5-3.2 BURDEN OF ESTABLISHING A SPECIAL MEANING 338
5-3.3 EVIDENCE REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH A SPECIAL MEANING 339
5-3.4 SPECIAL MEANINGS AND SPECIAL REGIMES 341
6. CONCLUSIONS 342
B. SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS OF INTERPRETATION
8. SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS OF INTERPRETATION 347
1. INTRODUCTION 347
2. HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK 349
2.1 SEPARATING SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS FROM THE GENERAL RULE 349
2.2 READY REFERENCE TO PREPARATORY WORK DISTINGUISHED
FROM BASING INTERPRETATIONS ON IT ALONE 352
2.3 DISTINCTION BETWEEN USE OF SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 'TO CONFIRM'
AND 'TO DETERMINE' THE MEANING 353
3. MEANING OF 'RECOURSE' AND 'SUPPLEMENTARY' 356
3.1 'RECOURSE 356
3.2 'SUPPLEMENTARY' 356
3.3 FURTHER SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 357
3.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS AND THE GENERAL RULE 358
4. ISSUES AND PRACTICE 359
4.1 SYSTEMATIC USE OF GATEWAYS, UNSYSTEMATIC USE, AND BY-PASSING THEM
360
4.1.1 EXPLICIT REFERENCE TO THE QUALIFYING GATEWAY 360
4.1.2 REACHING THE PREPARATORY WORK INFORMALLY 361
4.1.3 INCIDENTAL USE OF SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 363
4.1.4 ADMITTING PREPARATORY WORK INTRODUCED BY PARTIES 363
4.2 CONFIRMING MEANING 364
4.2.1 CONFIRMING A CLEAR MEANING 364
4.2.2 ROLE OF'CONFIRMING WHEN PREPARATORY WORK CONTRADICTS
MEANING AFFORDED BY APPLICATION OF GENERAL RULE 366
4.2.3 USING SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS TO CONFIRM'INTENTION 373
4.2.4 USING SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS TO'REINFORCE'AN INTERPRETATION 375
4.2.5 USING PREPARATORY WORK AS GENERAL SUPPORT 376
4.2.6 RECITING AND USING PREPARATORY WORK CONTRASTED 376
4.3 DETERMINING MEANING 377
4.3.1 QUALIFYING CONDITIONS: 'AMBIGUOUS OR OBSCURE'
OR'MANIFESTLY ABSURD OR UNREASONABLE' 377
4.3.2 AMBIGUOUS BY REFERENCE TO AVAILABILITY OF ANOTHER WORD
HAVING ONE OF THE CLAIMED MEANINGS 3 81
4.4 MODALITIES OF USE OF SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 382
4.4.1 USING AND CONSTRUING PREPARATORY WORK 382
XII CONTENTS
4.4.2 READING PREPARATORY WORK TO SHOW AGREEMENT TO EXCLUDE 385
4.4.3 DEDUCTION FROM ABSENCE FROM PREPARATORY WORK 389
4.4.4 CHANGE OF WORD OR WORDS DURING NEGOTIATION OF TREATY 391
4.4.5 EXCLUSION OF PREPARATORY WORK FROM CONSIDERATION 391
4.4.6 MAY PREPARATORY WORK BE DEPLOYED AS CONTEXT? 393
4.4.7 USING PREPARATORY WORK TO IDENTIFY OR CONFIRM OBJECT
AND PURPOSE 394
4.4.8 EFFECT OF INTERPRETATION RECORDED IN PREPARATORY WORK 395
4.4.9 READING PREPARATORY WORK IN COMBINATION
WITH OTHER SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 397
4.5 CIRCUMSTANCES OF CONCLUSION AND OTHER SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 398
4.5.1 MEANING OF'CIRCUMSTANCES OF CONCLUSION 398
4.5.2 COMPARISON WITH PROVISIONS IN OTHER TREATIES
OR ASSOCIATED MATERIAL AS A CIRCUMSTANCE OF CONCLUSION 400
4.5.3 COMMENTARIES, EXPLANATORY REPORTS, ACADEMIC WRITING, ETC 401
4.5.4 OTHER SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS 404
5. CONCLUSIONS 409
C. LANGUAGES
9. LANGUAGES 413
1. INTRODUCTION 413
2. HISTORY AND PREPARATORY WORK 414
3. ORDINARY MEANING OF TERMS IN ARTICLE 33 419
4. ISSUES AND PRACTICE 420
4.1 INTERPRETATION BY REFERENCE FIRST TO ONLY ONE OF SEVERAL LANGUAGES
420
4.2 USE OT'VERSIONS','OFFICIAL', AND OTHER TEXTS 421
4.3 PRESUMPTION OF THE SAME MEANING IN ALL AUTHENTIC TEXTS 423
4.4 HOW MANY LANGUAGES MUST BE CONSIDERED IF THERE IS A NEED
TO RECONCILE TEXTS? 424
4.5 IS THE 'ORIGINAL' LANGUAGE OF A TREATY PARTICULARLY SIGNIFICANT
TOR INTERPRETATION? 426
4.6 TRANSLATION OF TERMS AND LEGAL CONCEPTS IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES 429
4." RECONCILIATION WHERE ONE OR MORE TEXTS ARE CLEAR BUT ANOTHER
IS AMBIGUOUS 435
4.8 DIFFERENT PUNCTUATION IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES 440
4.9 RECONCILIATION OF LANGUAGE DIFFERENCES BY REFERENCE TO OBJECT
AND PURPOSE 442
4.10 USING PREPARATORY WORK IN RECONCILING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LANGUAGES
446
5. CONCLUSIONS 447
PART III. CONCLUSION
10. CRITICISM, THEMES, ISSUES, AND CONCLUSIONS 451
1. THE NOTION OF'RULES'OF INTERPRETATION 453
1.1 REVIEWING "INTERPRETATION 453
1.2 WHAT CAN 'RULES' ACHIEVE? 454
CONTENTS XIII
2. AMBIGUITY AND VAGUENESS DISTINGUISHED 457
3- 'TEXTUAL', 'TELEOLOGICAL', 'SEEKING INTENTION', AND OTHER APPROACHES
460
3.1 'TEXTUAL' DOES NOT MEAN 'LITERAL' AND IS AN UNHELPFUL LABEL 463
3.2 'TELEOLOGICAL' IS NOT WARRANTED AS A DESCRIPTION OF
THE GENERAL APPROACH 464
3.3 SEEKING INTENTION 465
4. EVOLUTIONARY INTERPRETATION 467
A. 1 THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 468
4.2 THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 471
5. PARTICULAR REGIMES 474
5.1 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 474
5.2 INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW 479
6. INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATIONS 483
6.1 IS THERE ALWAYS A SINGLE INTERPRETATION THAT IS CORRECT? 483
6.2 DIVERGENCE OVER THE SAME TERMS OR FROM PREPARATORY WORK:
INVESTMENT DISPUTES 486
6.2.1 MEANING OF INVESTMENT' 487
6.2.2 'UMBRELLA'CLAUSES 491
6.2.3 'MOST FAVOURED NATION CLAUSES 492
7. CONCLUSION 495
BIBLIOGRAPHY 497
INDEX 511 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Gardiner, Richard K. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1073309428 |
| author_facet | Gardiner, Richard K. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Gardiner, Richard K. |
| author_variant | r k g rk rkg |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042705066 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KZ1304 |
| callnumber-raw | KZ1304 |
| callnumber-search | KZ1304 |
| callnumber-sort | KZ 41304 |
| callnumber-subject | KZ - Law of Nations |
| classification_rvk | PR 2207 PR 2180 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)914195000 (DE-599)BVBBV042705066 |
| dewey-full | 341.3/7 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 341 - Law of nations |
| dewey-raw | 341.3/7 |
| dewey-search | 341.3/7 |
| dewey-sort | 3341.3 17 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | Second edition |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042705066 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-04-15T12:10:45Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199669233 9780198806240 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028136516 |
| oclc_num | 914195000 |
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| owner_facet | DE-29 DE-20 DE-188 DE-M382 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-384 DE-11 DE-703 DE-706 |
| physical | xliii, 523 Seiten |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | The Oxford international law library |
| spelling | Gardiner, Richard K. Verfasser (DE-588)1073309428 aut Treaty interpretation Richard K Gardiner Second edition Oxford Oxford University Press 2015 xliii, 523 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The Oxford international law library Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Mai 23 (DE-588)4307841-2 gnd rswk-swf Traités - Interprétation Treaties Interpretation and construction Völkerrechtlicher Vertrag (DE-588)4063696-3 gnd rswk-swf Vertragsrecht (DE-588)4063283-0 gnd rswk-swf Auslegung (DE-588)4069008-8 gnd rswk-swf Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Mai 23 (DE-588)4307841-2 u Vertragsrecht (DE-588)4063283-0 s Auslegung (DE-588)4069008-8 s DE-604 Völkerrechtlicher Vertrag (DE-588)4063696-3 s 1\p DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028136516&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Gardiner, Richard K. Treaty interpretation Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Mai 23 (DE-588)4307841-2 gnd Traités - Interprétation Treaties Interpretation and construction Völkerrechtlicher Vertrag (DE-588)4063696-3 gnd Vertragsrecht (DE-588)4063283-0 gnd Auslegung (DE-588)4069008-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4307841-2 (DE-588)4063696-3 (DE-588)4063283-0 (DE-588)4069008-8 |
| title | Treaty interpretation |
| title_auth | Treaty interpretation |
| title_exact_search | Treaty interpretation |
| title_full | Treaty interpretation Richard K Gardiner |
| title_fullStr | Treaty interpretation Richard K Gardiner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treaty interpretation Richard K Gardiner |
| title_short | Treaty interpretation |
| title_sort | treaty interpretation |
| topic | Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Mai 23 (DE-588)4307841-2 gnd Traités - Interprétation Treaties Interpretation and construction Völkerrechtlicher Vertrag (DE-588)4063696-3 gnd Vertragsrecht (DE-588)4063283-0 gnd Auslegung (DE-588)4069008-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Mai 23 Traités - Interprétation Treaties Interpretation and construction Völkerrechtlicher Vertrag Vertragsrecht Auslegung |
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