Show me the numbers: designing tables and graphs to enlighten
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Burlingame, CA
Analytics Press
2012
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 351 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0970601972 9780970601971 |
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| adam_text | Titel: Show me the numbers
Autor: Few, Stephen
Jahr: 2012
CONTENTS
PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION xv
1. INTRODUCTION 1
The use of tables and graphs to communicate quantitative
information is common practice in organizations today, yet few of us
have learned the design practices that make them effective. This
introductory chapter prepares the way for a journey of discovery that
will enable you to become an exception to this unfortunate norm.
Purpose 8
Scope 9
Intended readers 11
Content preview 11
Communication style 12
2. SIMPLE STATISTICS TO GET YOU STARTED 15
Quantitative information forms the core of what organizations must
know to operate effectively. The current emphasis on metrics, Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs), Balanced Scorecards, and performance
dashboards demonstrates the importance of numbers to organizations
today. Stories contained in numbers can be communicated most
effectively when we understand the fundamental characteristics and
meanings of simple statistics that are routinely used to make sense of
numbers, as well as the fundamental principles of effective
communication that apply specifically to quantitative information.
Quantitative relationships 15
Numbers that summarize 21
Measures of money 35
3. DIFFERING ROLES OF TABLES AND GRAPHS 39
Tables and graphs are the two fundamental vehicles for presenting
quantitative information. They have developed over time to the point
that we now thoroughly understand which works best for different
circumstances and why. This chapter introduces tables and graphs
and gives simple guidelines for selecting which to use for your
particular purpose.
Quantities and categories 40
Choosing the best medium of communication 42
Tables defined 43
When to use tables 44
Graphs defined 45
A brief history of graphs 46
When to use graphs 48
4. FUNDAMENTAL VARIATIONS OF TABLES 53
Tables should be structured to suit the nature of the information they
are meant to display. This chapter breaks tables down into their
fundamental variations and provides simple rules of thumb for
pairing your message with the best tabular means to communicate it.
Relationships in tables 53
Variations in table design 57
Table design solutions 59
5. VISUAL PERCEPTION AND GRAPHICAL COMMUNICATION 61
Because graphical communication is visual, it must express
information in ways that human eyes can perceive and brains can
understand. Our eyes and the parts of the brain that handle input
from them work in particular ways. Thanks to science, how we see is
now fairly well understood, from the initial information-carrying rays
of light that enter our eyes to the interpretation of that information in
the gray folds of the visual cortex. By understanding visual perception
and its application to the graphical communication of quantitative
information, you will learn what works, what doesn t, and why. This
chapter brings the principles of graphical design for communication
alive in ways that are practical and can be applied skillfully to
real-world challenges in presenting quantitative information.
Mechanics of sight 63
Attributes of preattentive processing 67
Applying visual attributes to design 71
Gestalt principles of visual perception 80
6. FUNDAMENTAL VARIATIONS OF GRAPHS 87
Different quantitative relationships require different types of graphs.
This chapter explores the fundamental variations of graphs that
correspond to different quantitative relationships and then pairs these
variations with the visual components and techniques that can
present them most effectively.
Encoding data in graphs 87
Relationships in graphs 101
Graph design solutions 105
PRACTICE IN SELECTING TABLES AND GRAPHS 137
Learning requires practice. Through practice you reinforce what
you ve learned by embedding it more securely in your memory and
strengthen your ability to make connections between the concepts
we ve examined and their application to the real world.
7. GENERAL DESIGN FOR COMMUNICATION 141
With a basic understanding of visual perception, we can build a set of
visual design principles, beginning with those that apply equally to
tables and graphs. Our primary visual design objectives will be to
present content to readers in a manner that highlights what s
important, arranges it for clarity, and leads them through it in the
sequence that tells the story best.
Highlight 141
Organize 144
Integrate tables, graphs, and text 148
8. TABLE DESIGN 155
Once you ve determined that a table should be used to communicate
your message and have chosen the type of table that will work best,
you should refine your design so that it can be quickly and accurately
read and understood.
Structural components of tables 155
Table design best practices 158
PRACTICE IN TABLE DESIGN 185
Nothing helps learning take root like practice. You will strengthen
your developing expertise in table design by working through a few
real-world scenarios.
9. GENERAL GRAPH DESIGN 191
The visual nature of graphs requires a number of unique design
practices. The volume and complexity of quantitative information
that you can communicate with a single graph are astounding but
only if you recognize and avoid poor design practices that would
undermine your story.
Maintain visual correspondence to quantity 191
Avoid 3D 197
10. COMPONENT-LEVEL GRAPH DESIGN 205
Several visual and textual components work together in graphs to
present quantitative information. If these components are out of
balance or misused, the story suffers. For each component to serve its
purpose, you must understand its role and the design practices that
enable it to fulfill its role effectively.
Primary data component design 205
Secondary data component design 224
Non-data component design 247
11. displaying many variables at once 257
Graphs can be used to tell complex stories. When designed well,
graphs can combine a host of data spread across multiple variables to
make a complex message accessible. When designed poorly, graphs
can bury even a simple message in a cloud of visual confusion.
Excellent graph design is much like excellent cooking. With a clear
vision of the end result and an intimate knowledge of the ingredients,
you can create something that nourishes and inspires.
Combining multiple units of measure
Combining graphs in a series of small multiples
Other arrangements of multi-graph series
12. SILLY GRAPHS THAT ARE BEST FORSAKEN 271
Several graphs that are readily available in software fail miserably at
data presentation even though their popularity is growing. The stories
that people attempt to tell with these graphs can be told simply and
clearly using alternatives that are described in this chapter.
Donut charts 271
Radar charts 272
Stacked area graphs for combining part-to-whole and time-series 275
relationships
Circle charts 277
Unit charts 278
Funnel charts 281
Waterfall charts for simple part-to-whole relationships 283
PRACTICE IN GRAPH DESIGN 287
You ve come far in your expedition into the world of graph design. It s
now time for some practice to pull together and reinforce all that
you ve learned. Expert graph design requires that you adapt and apply
what you ve learned to a variety of real-world communication
problems. Working through a few scenarios with a clear focus on the
principles of effective graph design will strengthen your expertise and
your confidence as well.
13. TELLING COMPELLING STORIES WITH NUMBERS 295
Important stories live in the numbers that measure what s going on in
the world. Before we can present quantitative information, we must
first uncover and understand its stories. Once we know the stories, we
can tell them in ways that help others to understand them as well.
Characteristics of well-told statistical stories 297
Stories in the wings 306
14. THE INTERPLAY OF STANDARDS AND INNOVATION 307
When you design tables and graphs, you face many choices. Of the
available alternatives, some are bad, some are good, some are best, and
others are simply a matter of preference among equally good choices.
By developing and following standards for the visual display of
quantitative information, you can eliminate all but good choices once
and for all. This dramatically reduces the time it takes to produce
tables and graphs as well as the time required by your readers to make
good use of them. Doing this will free up time to put your creativity
to use where it s most needed.
APPENDICES 309
Table and Graph Design at a Glance 309
Recommended Reading 311
Adjusting for Inflation 313
Constructing Tables Lens Displays in Excel 315
Constructing Box Plots in Excel 318
Answers to Practice in Selecting Tables and Graphs 322
Answers to Practice in Table Design 325
Answers to Practice in Graph Design 333
Useful Color Palettes 344
INDEX 345
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Few, Stephen |
| author_facet | Few, Stephen |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Few, Stephen |
| author_variant | s f sf |
| building | Verbundindex |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)808655668 (DE-599)HBZHT017374062 |
| dewey-full | 001.4226 |
| dewey-hundreds | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| dewey-ones | 001 - Knowledge |
| dewey-raw | 001.4226 |
| dewey-search | 001.4226 |
| dewey-sort | 11.4226 |
| dewey-tens | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| discipline | Allgemeines Mathematik Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Few, Stephen Verfasser aut Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten Stephen Few 2. ed. Burlingame, CA Analytics Press 2012 XVIII, 351 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Visualisierung (DE-588)4188417-6 gnd rswk-swf Informationsgrafik (DE-588)7675049-8 gnd rswk-swf Datenanalyse (DE-588)4123037-1 gnd rswk-swf Grafische Darstellung (DE-588)4129552-3 gnd rswk-swf Betriebsdaten (DE-588)4145038-3 gnd rswk-swf Betriebsdaten (DE-588)4145038-3 s Visualisierung (DE-588)4188417-6 s DE-604 Datenanalyse (DE-588)4123037-1 s Grafische Darstellung (DE-588)4129552-3 s 1\p DE-604 Informationsgrafik (DE-588)7675049-8 s 2\p DE-604 DE-601 application/pdf http://www.gbv.de/dms/weimar/toc/725293160_toc.pdf Inhaltsverzeichnis HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028090864&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Few, Stephen Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten Visualisierung (DE-588)4188417-6 gnd Informationsgrafik (DE-588)7675049-8 gnd Datenanalyse (DE-588)4123037-1 gnd Grafische Darstellung (DE-588)4129552-3 gnd Betriebsdaten (DE-588)4145038-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4188417-6 (DE-588)7675049-8 (DE-588)4123037-1 (DE-588)4129552-3 (DE-588)4145038-3 |
| title | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten |
| title_auth | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten |
| title_exact_search | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten |
| title_full | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten Stephen Few |
| title_fullStr | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten Stephen Few |
| title_full_unstemmed | Show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten Stephen Few |
| title_short | Show me the numbers |
| title_sort | show me the numbers designing tables and graphs to enlighten |
| title_sub | designing tables and graphs to enlighten |
| topic | Visualisierung (DE-588)4188417-6 gnd Informationsgrafik (DE-588)7675049-8 gnd Datenanalyse (DE-588)4123037-1 gnd Grafische Darstellung (DE-588)4129552-3 gnd Betriebsdaten (DE-588)4145038-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Visualisierung Informationsgrafik Datenanalyse Grafische Darstellung Betriebsdaten |
| url | http://www.gbv.de/dms/weimar/toc/725293160_toc.pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028090864&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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