Human rights in armed conflict: law, practice, policy
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
[2015]
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| Ausgabe: | First published |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 412 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781107087545 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICT
It is now widely accepted that international human rights law applies in situations
of armed conflict alongside international humanitarian law, but the contours and
consequences of this development remain unclear. This book revisits, organizes
and contextualizes the debate on human rights in armed conflict and explores the
legal challenges, operational consequences and policy implications of resorting to
human rights in situations of inter- and intra-state violence. It presents the benefits
and the drawbacks of using international human rights law alongside humanitarian law
and discusses how the idea, law and policy of human rights influence the development
of the law of armed conflict. Based on legal theory, policy analysis, state practice and
the work of human rights bodies it suggests a human rights-oriented reading of the law
of armed conflict as feasible and necessary in response to the changing character of war.
Gerd OBERLEiTNER is Associate Professor of International Law and the Law of
International Organisations at the Institute of International Law and International
Relations, University of Graz. His publications include Global Human Rights
Institutions: Between Remedy and Ritual (2007).
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments page xi
Table of cases xii
Table of legal instruments xvi
List of abbreviations xix
Introduction 1
Part I Human rights in armed conflict: history
of an idea 9
1 From medieval sources to modernity 11
1.1 Mercy, chivalry, self-interest and justice 11
1.2 Self-interest, common concern and justice 14
1.3 Early modem Europe: war as a public activity 16
1.4 War and peace in the emerging law of nations 19
1.5 Enlightenment: national wars and individual rights 21
2 The science of warfare and the progress of civilization 24
2.1 The positivist nineteenth century 24
2.2 Lieber Code 26
2.3 Laws of war as a mission civilisatrice 28
2.4 Martens Clause and the dictates of public conscience 31
2.5 Inter arma caritas: Henri Dunant and the Red Cross 35
V
vi
CONTENTS
3. 1945: whither war? 38
3.1 1914-1945: war as trauma and war as crime 38
3.2 United Nations and the despicable laws of war 40
3.3 Universal Declaration of Human Rights: human rights for peace 42
3.4 “International humanitarian law”: what’s in a name? 44
3.5 Geneva Conventions of 1949 and human rights 46
4 Human rights in armed conflict 52
4.1 Geneva, New York, Tehran: World Conference of Human Rights 1968 52
4.2 International Committee of the Red Cross and human rights 59
4.3 Additional Protocols of 1977 61
4.4 Fundamental standards of humanity 64
4.5 “Humanitarian rights”: humanitarian law in human rights documents 68
4.6 International Committee of the Red Cross and “Fundamental Guarantees” 71
4.7 Role of civil society 76
4.8 Humanity as grace and humanity as right 77
Part II Human rights and humanitarian law: theory 81
5 Exclusivity: the misconceived idea of lex specialis 83
5.1 Separation and self-contained regimes 83
5.2 Special regimes and the fragmentation of international law 85
5.3 Lex specialis in international law 87
5.4 International Court of Justice and lex specialis 89
5.5 Exclusivist position of the United States 93
5.6 Lex specialis: an inadequate device 95
(a) Distinguishing “general” and “special” 95
(b) Norm conflict or norm interpretation? 99
(c) A bi-directional relationship 101
(d) Abandoning lex specialis: from dogma to pragmatism 103
CONTENTS vii
6 Complementarity: maximizing protection 105
6.1 A variegated approach 105
6.2 Interpretation, cumulative application and filling gaps 108
(a) Systematic coherence 108
(b) Civil and political rights 109
(c) Economic, social and cultural rights 112
(d) Indivisibility of human rights 115
6.3 Maximum protection or graduated approach? 117
7 Integration: the transformative influence of human rights 122
7.1 Neither gen us nor species 122
7.2 Towards a human rights-based ;ws in bello 124
Part III Human rights and humanitarian law: challenges and commonalities 129
8 The right to life: the limits of human rights in armed conflict? 131
8.1 Paradigmatic differences: war-fighting and law enforcement 131
8.2 Proportionality revisited 136
8.3 Lawful killing or duty to capture? 139
8.4 A unified use of force regime? 141
9 The extra-territorial application of human rights: functional universality 144
9.1 Reach of human rights 144
9.2 Legal basis of the extra-territorial application of human rights 146
(a) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 146
(b) Jurisdiction in human rights treaties 152
(c) Case law: territorial and personal jurisdiction 156
9.3 A capability approach: towards functional universality 165
10 War as emergency: derogation 169
10.1 The idea and law of derogation 169
CONTENTS
viii
10.2 “A threat to the life of the nation”: war as a state of emergency 171
10.3 Derogation gap and the limits of derogation 172
11 Human rights and humanitarian obligations 176
11.1 Reframing rights and obligations: respect, protect, fulfil 176
11.2 The individual in humanitarian law 183
12 Operationalizing human rights in armed conflict 186
12.1 The idea of human rights and the image of the warrior 186
12.2 Rights and risks 189
Part IV The dynamics of war and law 191
13 The changing character of war 193
13.1 War as risk management 193
13.2 New wars, old laws 195
13.3 Terrorism and “trans-national” conflicts 197
13.4 War-fighting and law enforcement 199
13.5 Armed force in peace support operations 201
14 Governing internal armed violence 206
14.1 Towards a human rights law of internal armed conflicts? 206
14.2 Role of non-state actors 210
(a) Legal obligations of non-state actors in armed conflicts 210
(b) Developments in practice 213
15 Human rights in situations of occupation 220
15.1 Law of occupation: governing fragility in hostility 220
15.2 Human rights and occupation law 222
15.3 Identifying the duties of Occupying Powers 224
15.4 Occupation between preservation and transformation 228
CONTENTS ix
16 Context: the humanization of international law 232
16.1 Humanity in international law 232
16.2 Human security and armed conflict 235
Part V Enforcement: practice and potential 239
17 United Nations Human Rights Council: monitoring armed conflicts 241
17.1 A mandate for armed conflicts? 241
17.2 The Council s practice 243
17.3 Special procedures of the Human Rights Council and armed conflict 246
17.4 Special sessions» fact-finding missions and commissions of inquiry 253
17.5 Universal Periodic Review 255
18 United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights 259
19 United Nations human rights treaty bodies 262
19.1 Human Rights Committee 262
19.2 Committee on the Rights of the Child 265
19.3 Other human rights treaty bodies 268
20 The Inter-American human rights system 271
20.1 Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 271
(a) Applying humanitarian law 271
(b) Interpreting human rights law 282
20.2 In ter-American Court of Human Rights 288
(a) Las Palmeras: delimiting interpretation 288
(b) Beyond Las Palmeras 290
21 The European Court of Human Rights 295
21.1 From Cyprus v. Turkey to Al-Skeini: international conflicts
and occupation 295
21.2 Internal violence: the Kurdish cases 298
X
CONTENTS
21.3 Internal violence: Chechnya 302
21.4 Exceptional references to humanitarian law 307
21.5 A European human rights law of armed conflict? 309
22 The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights 312
23 Monitoring and litigating humanitarian rights: prospects 316
23.1 Lack of humanitarian law enforcement 316
23.2 Human rights bodies in armed conflict: lessons learned 320
23.3 Monitoring human rights and humanitarian law 322
23.4 Duty to investigate and the “right to truth” 325
23.5 Individual complaints and litigation 327
(a) Importance of legal proceedings 327
(b) Humanitarian norms before human rights bodies 330
(c) Reforming individual complaints procedures? 333
23.6 Remedy and compensation 334
23.7 Human rights bodies in armed conflict: challenges and potential 336
Conclusion 340
Bibliography 351
Index 383
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| spelling | Oberleitner, Gerd 1967- Verfasser (DE-588)118190636 aut Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy Gerd Oberleitner First published Cambridge Cambridge University Press [2015] XX, 412 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Habilitationsschrift Universität Graz 2013 Menschenrecht Humanitarian law Human rights War Violence Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd rswk-swf Bewaffneter Konflikt (DE-588)4137568-3 gnd rswk-swf Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd rswk-swf Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 s Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 s Bewaffneter Konflikt (DE-588)4137568-3 s Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027733583&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027733583&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Oberleitner, Gerd 1967- Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy Menschenrecht Humanitarian law Human rights War Violence Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd Bewaffneter Konflikt (DE-588)4137568-3 gnd Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd |
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| title | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy |
| title_auth | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy |
| title_exact_search | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy |
| title_full | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy Gerd Oberleitner |
| title_fullStr | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy Gerd Oberleitner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human rights in armed conflict law, practice, policy Gerd Oberleitner |
| title_short | Human rights in armed conflict |
| title_sort | human rights in armed conflict law practice policy |
| title_sub | law, practice, policy |
| topic | Menschenrecht Humanitarian law Human rights War Violence Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd Bewaffneter Konflikt (DE-588)4137568-3 gnd Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Menschenrecht Humanitarian law Human rights War Violence Krieg Bewaffneter Konflikt Humanitäres Völkerrecht Hochschulschrift |
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