Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies:
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| Format: | Electronic eBook |
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| Language: | English |
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Weinheim, Bergstr
Wiley-VCH
2013
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| Edition: | 2. Auflage |
| Subjects: | |
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| Item Description: | Druckausg. in 4 Vols. |
| Physical Description: | 1 Online-Ressource 100 schw.-w. Ill., 100 farb. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9783527682423 |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
VOLUME I: DEFINING THE RIGHT ANTIBODY COMPOSITION
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY
NAME XXIII
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY BRAND NAME XXV
A GREETING BY THE EDITORS XXVII
FOREWORD TO THE FIRST EDITION XXIX
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION XXXI
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXIII
ABBREVIATIONS LI
APPENDIX: MARKETED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES COMPENDIUM LXXXIII
1 THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES - FROM PAST TO FUTURE 1
STEFAN DUBEL AND JANICE M. REICHERT
1.1 AN EXCITING START - AND A LONG TREK 1
1.2 THE GOLD RUSH 6
1.3 SUCCESS AND SETBACKS 7
1.4 THE GLEAMING HORIZON 10
REFERENCES 12
FURTHER READING 12
PART I: SELECTING AND SHAPING THE ANTIBODY MOLECULE 15
2 SELECTION STRATEGIES FOR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 17
GERHARD MOLDENHAUER
2.1 INTRODUCTION 17
2.2 HISTORICAL REMARKS 18
2.3 ANTIBODY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 19
2.3.1 MEMBRANE-BOUND AND SECRETED FORMS OF ANTIBODIES 19
2.3.2 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 21
2.4 PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 21
2.4.1 IMMUNIZATION 21
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1022181211
VI | VOLUME 1
2.4.2 MYELOMA CELL LINES 22
2.4.3 CELL FUSION 23
2.4.4 DRUG SELECTION OF HYBRIDOMAS 25
2.4.5 SCREENING HYBRIDOMA CULTURES FOR SPECIFIC ANTIBODY 26
2.4.5.1 ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) 27
2.4.5.2 FLOW CYTOMETRY 27
2.4.5.3 IMMUNOHISTOLOGY AND IMMUNOCYTOLOGY 28
2.4.5.4 CYTOTOXICITY ASSAYS 29
2.4.5.5 SCREENING FOR FUNCTION 30
2.4.6 CLONING 30
2.4.7 EXPANSION AND FREEZING OF HYBRIDOMA CLONES 30
2.5 PURIFICATION AND MODIFICATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 31
2.5.1 MASS CULTURE AND PURIFICATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 31
2.5.2 FRAGMENTATION OF MONOCLONAL IGG ANTIBODIES 32
2.5.3 LABELING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 32
2.6 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR TUMOR THERAPY 33
2.6.1 LEUKOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS 33
2.6.2 EPITHELIAL DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS 33
2.6.3 MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 34
2.6.4 HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 35
2.7 OUDOOK 36
REFERENCES 37
3 ANTIBODY PHAGE DISPLAY 43
MICHAEL HUST, ANDRI FRENZEL, FLORIAN TOMSZAK, JONAS KIIGLER, AND
STEFAN DIIBEL
3.1 INTRODUCTION 43
3.2 PHAGE DISPLAY 45
3.3 SELECTION AND SCREENING 46
3.4 PHAGE DISPLAY VECTORS 48
3.5 PHAGE DISPLAY LIBRARIES 57
3.6 CONSTRUCTION OF PHAGE DISPLAY LIBRARIES 58
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 65
REFERENCES 65
4 TRANSGENIC ANIMALS DERIVED BY DNA MICROINJECTION 77
MARIANNE BRIIGGEMANN, MICHAEL J. OSBORN, BIAO MA, SUZANNE AVIS,
IGNACIO ANEGON, AND ROLAND BUELOW
4.1 INTRODUCTION 77
4.2 CONSTRUCTION OF HUMAN IGTRANSLOCI 78
4.2.1 IGH 78
4.2.2 IGK 80
4.2.3 IGX 80
4.3 BAC INTEGRATION 81
VOLUME 1 I VII
4.4 DESIGNER ZINC FINGER ENDONUCLEASES TO SILENCE ENDOGENOUS IG
LOCI 82
4.5 EXPRESSION COMPARISON OF FULLY HUMAN AND CHIMERIC IGH LOCI 83
4.6 OUTLOOK 85
REFERENCES 85
5 HUMANIZATION STRATEGIES 89
JOSE W. SALDANHA
5.1 INTRODUCTION 89
5.2 HISTORY OF HUMANIZATION 89
5.3 CDR-GRAFTING 90
5.4 THE DESIGN CYCLE 92
5.4.1 ANALYSIS OF THE SOURCE (DONOR) SEQUENCE 92
5.4.1.1 COMPLEMENTARITY-DETERMINING REGIONS (CDRS) 92
5.4.1.2 CANONICAL RESIDUES 93
5.4.1.3 INTERFACE PACKING RESIDUES 93
5.4.1.4 RARE FRAMEWORK RESIDUES 94
5.4.1.5 N- OR O-GLYCOSYLATION SITES 95
5.4.2 THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER MODELING OF THE ANTIBODY
STRUCTURE 95
5.4.3 CHOICE OF HUMAN FRAMEWORK SEQUENCES 97
5.4.3.1 FIXED FRAMEWORKS OR BEST-FIT? 100
5.4.3.2 VL/VH FRAMEWORKS FROM THE SAME OR DIFFERENT CLONE? 100
5.4.3.3 HUMAN SUBGROUP CONSENSUS OR EXPRESSED FRAMEWORK? 101
5.4.3.4 GERMLINE FRAMEWORKS 101
5.4.3.5 DATABASE SEARCH 101
5.4.4 IDENTIFYING PUTATIVE BACKMUTATIONS 102
5.4.5 STABILITY 104
5.5 OTHER APPROACHES TO ANTIBODY HUMANIZATION 104
5.5.1 RESURFACING/VENEERING 104
5.5.2 SDR-TRANSFER 105
5.5.3 REMOVAL OFT- AND B-CELL EPITOPES 106
5.5.4 PHAGE LIBRARIES 106
REFERENCES 107
6
ANTIBODY AFFINITY 115
ANDRD FRENZEL, LORIN ROSKOS, SCOTT KLAKAMP, MEINA LIANG,
ROSALIN ARENDS, AND LARRY GREEN
6.1 INTRODUCTION 115
6.2 AFFINITY MATURATION 115
6.2.1 AFFINITY MATURATION IN VIVO 115
6.2.2 AFFINITY MATURATION IN VITRO 117
6.3 ANTIBODY AFFINITY: ANTIGEN BINDING AND POTENCY 120
6.4 BINDING AND POTENCY IN VITRO 121
6.5 BINDING AND POTENCY IN VIVO 123
VIII VOLUME 1
6.6 SELECTION OF HIGH-AFFINITY ANTIBODIES FROM HYBRIDOMA CELL
LINES 126
6.7 GENERATION OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST SOLUBLE ANTIGENS 126
6.8 GENERATION OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST CELL SURFACE ANTIGENS 127
6.9 DETERMINATION OF ANTIBODY AFFINITY 128
6.10 SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE 128
6.11 OTHER METHODS FOR DETERMINING ANTIBODY AFFINITY 131
6.12 CONCLUSION 134
REFERENCES 134
7 FC ENGINEERING 141
MATTHIAS PEIPP, STEFANIE DERER, STEFAN LOHSE, CHRISTIAN KELLNER, AND
THOMAS VALERIUS
7.1 MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 141
7.1.1 INTRODUCTION 141
7.1.2 PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE 142
7.1.3 CLINICAL EVIDENCE 144
7.2 MODIFYING EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS 145
7.2.1 ANTIBODY ISOTYPE 145
7.2.1.1 IGG ANTIBODIES 145
7.2.1.2 IGA ANTIBODIES 149
7.2.2 ALTERED FC RECEPTOR BINDING 151
7.2.2.1 INTRODUCTION 151
7.2.2.2 PROTEIN-ENGINEERED ANTIBODIES 151
7.2.3 ALTERED COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION 157
7.3 MODIFYING ANTIBODIES PHARMACOKINETICS 158
7.3.1 INTRODUCTION 158
7.3.2 MODIFYING BINDING TO FCRN 159
7.4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 160
REFERENCES 160
8 CLYCOSYLATION OF ANTIBODY MOLECULES 171
ROY JEFFERIS
8.1 INTRODUCTION 171
8.2 OVERVIEW OF THE IGG MOLECULE 172
8.3 QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF IGG-FC: THE PROTEIN MOIETY 174
8.4 THE IGG-FC OLIGOSACCHARIDE MOIETY 176
8.5 IGG-FC PROTEIN/OLIGOSACCHARIDE INTERACTIONS 177
8.6 PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS ACTIVATED BY IMMUNE COMPLEXES 180
8.7 ROLE OF IGG GLYCOFORMS IN RECOGNITION BY CELLULAR FYRS 180
8.8 THE INFLUENCE OF FUCOSE AND BISECTING N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ON
IGG-FC ACTIVITIES 180
8.9 THE INFLUENCE OF GALACTOSYLATION ON IGG-FC ACTIVITIES 182
8.10 SIALYLATION OF IGG-FC OLIGOSACCHARIDES 184
8.11 CHEMO-ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL IGG-FC GLYCANS 185
VOLUME 7 IIX
8.12 RESTORATION OF FUNCTIONALITY TO AGLYCOSYLATED IGG-FC 186
8.13 IGG-FAB GLYCOSYLATION 187
8.14 CONCLUSION 189
REFERENCES 189
9 BIOINFORMATICS TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS OF ANTIBODIES 201
ANDREW C.R. MARTIN AND JAMES ALLEN
9.1 INTRODUCTION 201
9.1.1 BRIEF REVIEW OF ANTIBODY STRUCTURE 201
9.1.2 CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS CHAPTER 202
9.2 NUMBERING SCHEMES FOR ANTIBODIES 202
9.2.1 THE RABAT NUMBERING SCHEME 203
9.2.1.1 THE CHOTHIA NUMBERING SCHEME 204
9.2.2 THE IMGT NUMBERING SCHEME 206
9.2.3 HONEGGER AND PLIICKTHUN (AHO) NUMBERING SCHEME 206
9.2.4 ENHANCED CHOTHIA (MARTIN) NUMBERING SCHEME 206
9.2.5 NUMBERING SCHEME SUMMARY 206
9.3 DEFINITION OF THE CDRS AND RELATED REGIONS 208
9.4 ANTIBODY SEQUENCE DATA 209
9.4.1 ANTIBODY SEQUENCE DATABANKS 210
9.4.2 GERMLINE SEQUENCE DATABASES 211
9.4.3 WEB RESOURCES FOR ANALYZING ANTIBODY SEQUENCE DATA 211
9.4.3.1 RABAT DATA 211
9.4.3.2 IMGT DATA 212
9.5 ANTIBODY STRUCTURE DATA 213
9.6 SCREENING NEW ANTIBODY SEQUENCES 213
9.6.1 TOOLS FOR ASSIGNING SUBGROUPS 213
9.6.2 IDENTIFYING GERMLINE COMPONENTS 214
9.6.3 IDENTIFYING UNUSUAL FEATURES 214
9.6.4 ASSESSING HUMANNESS OF SEQUENCES 214
9.7 ABYSIS - AN INTEGRATED ANTIBODY SEQUENCE AND STRUCTURE
RESOURCE 215
9.8 ANTIBODY STRUCTURE PREDICTION 216
9.8.1 BUILD THE FRAMEWORK 216
9.8.2 BUILD THE CDRS 216
9.8.3 AUTOMATED MODELING TOOLS 217
9.9 SEQUENCE FAMILIES 218
9.9.1 FAMILIES AND SUBGROUPS 218
9.9.2 HUMAN FAMILY CHRONOLOGY 219
9.9.2.1 HUMAN HEAVY CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (V
H
) 219
9.9.2.2 HUMAN LIGHT CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (VX AND VK) 219
9.9.3 MOUSE FAMILY CHRONOLOGY 220
9.9.3.1 MOUSE HEAVY CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (V
H
) 220
9.9.3.2 MOUSE LIGHT CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (VK AND VX.) 220
9.9.4 CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN HUMAN AND MOUSE FAMILIES 221
X | VOLUME 1
9.9.4.1 HEAVY CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (V
H
) 221
9.9.4.2 LIGHT CHAIN VARIABLE GENES (VK AND VX) 221
9.10 SUMMARY 222
REFERENCES 223
WEBSITES 226
10 HOW TO USE IMGT FOR THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODY ENGINEERING 229
MARIE-PAULE LEFRANC
10.1 INTRODUCTION 229
10.2 FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION FROM IMGT-ONTOLOGY CONCEPTS 232
10.2.1 IDENTIFICATION: IMGT STANDARDIZED KEYWORDS 232
10.2.2 DESCRIPTION: IMGT STANDARDIZED LABELS 233
10.2.3 CLASSIFICATION: IMGT STANDARDIZED GENES AND ALLELES 233
10.2.4 NUMEROTATION: IMGT UNIQUE NUMBERING AND IMGT COLLIERS DE
PERLES 236
10.2.4.1 IMGT UNIQUE NUMBERING FOR V AND C DOMAINS 236
10.2.4.2 IMGT COLLIER DE PERLES 237
10.3 IMGT TOOLS AND DATABASES 241
10.3.1 IMGT/COLLIER-DE-PERLES TOOL 241
10.3.2 IMGT/3DSTRUCTURE-DB 241
10.3.3 IMGT/2DSTRUCTURE-DB 244
10.3.4 IMGT/DOMAINGAPALIGN 244
10.3.5 IMGT/V-QUEST 245
10.3.6 IMGT/HIGHV-QUEST 246
10.4 EXAMPLES OF IMGT WEB RESOURCES FOR ANTIBODY ENGINEERING AND
HUMANIZATION 246
10.4.1 ANTIBODY V DOMAIN HUMANIZATION 246
10.4.1.1 CDR-IMGT GRAFTING 246
10.4.1.2 AMINO ACID INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FR-IMGT AND CDR-IMGT 247
10.4.2 ONLY-HEAVY-CHAIN ANTIBODIES 247
10.4.2.1 DROMEDARY IGG2 AND IGG3 247
10.4.2.2 HUMAN HEAVY CHAIN DISEASES (HCD) 248
10.4.2.3 NURSE SHARK IGN 248
10.4.3 IGHG CH AMINO ACID POSITIONS 249
10.4.3.1 N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION SITE CH2 N84.4 249
10.4.3.2 KNOBS-INTO-HOLES CH3 T22 AND Y86 249
10.4.3.3 INTERFACE BALL-AND-SOCKET-LIKE JOINTS 251
10.4.3.4 IGHG1 ALLELES AND GLM ALLOTYPES 251
10.5 CONCLUSIONS 253
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 255
ABBREVIATIONS 257
REFERENCES 257
WEBSITE 263
VOLUME 1 | XI
PART II: MODIFIED ANTIBODIES 265
11 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES 267
DAJHE MUTTER AND ROLAND E. KONTERMANN
11.1 INTRODUCTION 267
11.2 THE GENERATION OF BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES 268
11.2.1 SOMATIC HYBRIDIZATION 268
11.2.2 CHEMICAL CONJUGATION 269
11.2.3 RECOMBINANT BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY MOLECULES 271
11.2.3.1 SMALL RECOMBINANT BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY FORMATS DERIVED FROM THE
VARIABLE DOMAIN 272
11.2.3.2 RECOMBINANT BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY FORMATS GENERATED BY FUSING AN
ANTIGEN-BINDING SITE TO AN IGG 275
11.2.3.3 RECOMBINANT BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY FORMATS CONTAINING ASYMMETRIC
HETERODIMERIZATION DOMAINS 276
11.3 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AND RETARGETING OF EFFECTOR CELLS 278
11.3.1 RETARGETING OF CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES 279
11.3.2 RETARGETING OF FC RECEPTOR BEARING EFFECTOR CELLS 283
11.4 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AND RETARGETING OF EFFECTOR MOLECULES 285
11.4.1 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AND RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY 286
11.4.2 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AND TARGETING OF TOXINS AND DRUGS
288
11.5 DUAL TARGETING STRATEGIES WITH BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES 289
11.6 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AND SOMATIC GENE THERAPY 291
11.7 OUTLOOK UPDATE 293
REFERENCES 293
12 SINGLE-DOMAIN ANTIBODIES: AN OVERVIEW 311
CARRIE ENEVER, EDWARD COULSTOCK, MALGORZATA PUPECKA-SWIDER, AND
BRUCE HAMILTON
12.1 INTRODUCTION 311
12.2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 312
12.2.1 OVERVIEW 312
12.2.2 COMPANIES 312
12.2.3 ASSETS IN THE CLINIC 314
12.3 HOW ARE SDABS ISOLATED? 314
12.3.1 INTRODUCTION 314
12.3.2 SINGLE-DOMAIN ANTIBODY LIBRARY GENERATION 317
12.3.2.1 IMMUNE LIBRARY GENERATION 317
12.3.2.2 NAIVE LIBRARY GENERATION 317
12.3.2.3 SYNTHETIC LIBRARY GENERATION 317
12.3.2.4 TRANSGENIC ANIMALS 318
12.3.3 SELECTION TECHNOLOGIES 319
12.3.3.1 PHAGE DISPLAY 319
12.3.3.2 YEAST AND BACTERIAL DISPLAY 319
12.3.3.3 ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY METHODS 320
XII | VOLUME 7
12.3.4 AFFINITY MATURATION 321
12.4 TARGET SPACE 321
12.4.1 STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES 322
12.4.2 CRYPTIC AND CONFORMATIONAL EPITOPES 323
12.4.3 ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION 324
12.4.4 MODULARITY 324
12.4.5 TISSUE PENETRATION 325
12.4.6 DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATION 325
12.5 BI-SPECIFICS AND TARGETED PAYLOADS 326
12.6 PHARMACOKINETICS/BIODISTRIBUTION AND HALF-LIFE EXTENSION
TECHNOLOGIES 328
12.6.1 PEGYLATION 328
12.6.2 FC-FUSION 329
12.6.3 ALBUMIN BINDING 330
12.7 IMAGING 332
12.8 OUTLOOK 334
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 334
REFERENCES 334
13 ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES: NEW FRONTIER IN CANCER THERAPEUTICS 341
RAJEEVA SINGH, JOHN M. LAMBERT, AND RAVI V. J. CHARI
13.1 INTRODUCTION 341
13.2 CURRENTLY APPROVED ADCS FOR CANCER TREATMENT 344
13.3 CYTOTOXIC COMPOUNDS IN ADCS 346
13.3.1 MICROTUBULE-TARGETED CYTOTOXIC AGENTS 346
13.3.2 DNA- OR DNA-TOPOISOMERASE-TARGETED CYTOTOXIC AGENTS 352
13.4 LINKERS IN ADCS 353
13.4.1 NONCLEAVABLE THIOETHER LINKERS 354
13.4.2 DISULFIDE LINKERS 355
13.4.3 PEPTIDE LINKERS 356
13.4.4 HYDRAZONE LINKAGE 356
13.4.5 CARBONATE LINKAGE 356
13.4.6 SITE OF LINKAGE 357
13.5 ANTIBODY IN ADCS 358
13.6 CONCLUSIONS 358
REFERENCES 359
14 ANTIBODY-TARGETED DRUGS: FROM CHEMICAL IMMUNOCONJUGATES TO
RECOMBINANT FUSION PROTEINS 363
ATHANASIOS MAVRATZAS, MICHAELA A.E. ARNDT, STEFAN KIESGEN, AND
JIIRGEN KRAUSS
14.1 INTRODUCTION 363
14.2 LESSONS LEARNED FROM CHEMICAL IMMUNOCONJUGATES 363
14.2.1 EVOLUTION 363
14.2.2 LINKER STABILITY 364
VOLUME 7 | XIII
14.2.3 CROSS-LINKAGE HETEROGENEITY 369
14.2.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF TARGET ANTIGENS 370
14.2.5 CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTOR MOITIES 372
14.3 RECOMBINANT CYTOTOXIC FUSION PROTEINS 374
REFERENCES 378
PART III: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 391
15 EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR ANTIBODY SELECTION 393
MINGYUE HE AND MICHAEL J. TAUSSIG
15.1 INTRODUCTION 393
15.2 DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES 394
15.3 ANTIBODY LIBRARIES 395
15.4 ANTIBODY SELECTION AND MATURATION IN VITRO 397
15.5 LINKING ANTIBODIES TO MRNA: RIBOSOME AND MRNA DISPLAY 398
15.6 ADVANTAGES OF RIBOSOME DISPLAY 399
15.7 RIBOSOME DISPLAY SYSTEMS 399
15.7.1 PROKARYOTIC: E. COLI S30 399
15.7.2 EUKARYOTIC: RABBIT RETICULOCYTE 400
15.7.3 RIBOSOME DISPLAY CONSTRUCTS 400
15.7.4 MONOSOME VERSUS POLYSOME DISPLAY 401
15.8 ANTIBODY GENERATION BY RIBOSOME DISPLAY 402
15.9 SUMMARY 402
REFERENCES 402
16 ANTI-LDIOTYPIC ANTIBODIES 407
ALEJANDRO LDPEZ-REQUENA, OSCAR R. BURRONE, AND ROLANDO PIREZ
16.1 INTRODUCTION 407
16.2 BASIC CONCEPTS 408
16.3 PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF ANTI-IDIOTYPIC ANTIBODIES 412
16.3.1 SELF/NON-SELF DISCRIMINATION 412
16.3.2 THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF THE POOL OF INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS
(IVIG)
ON AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES 413
16.4 ANTI-LDIOTYPIC ANTIBODY RESPONSES 414
16.5 ANTI-LDIOTYPIC ANTIBODIES IN CANCER 415
16.6 ANTI-IDIOTYPIC ANTIBODIES IN OTHER DISEASES 417
16.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS 418
REFERENCES 419
17 NON-ANTIBODY SCAFFOLDS AS ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC AGENTS 435
MARKUS FIEDLER AND ARNE SKERRA
17.1 INTRODUCTION 435
17.2 MOTIVATION FOR THERAPEUTIC USE OF ALTERNATIVE BINDING PROTEINS 437
17.3 SINGLE DOMAIN IMMUNOGLOBULINS 448
XIV I VOLUME 1
17.4 SCAFFOLD PROTEINS PRESENTING A CONTIGUOUS HYPERVARIABLE LOOP
REGION 450
17.5 SCAFFOLD PROTEINS FOR DISPLAY OF INDIVIDUAL EXTENDED LOOPS 454
17.6 SCAFFOLD PROTEINS PROVIDING A RIGID SECONDARY STRUCTURE
INTERFACE 457
17.7 NON-ANTIBODY SCAFFOLDS STEPPING INTO THE CLINIC 461
17.8 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK: THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL AND ONGOING
DEVELOPMENTS 463
REFERENCES 464
18 ANTIBODY-DIRECTED ENZYME PRODRUG THERAPY (ADEPT) 475
SWINDER K. SHARMA, KERRY A. CHESTER AND KENNETH D. BAGSHAWE
18.1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ADEPT 475
18.2 PRE-CLINICAL STUDIES 477
18.2.1 CPG2 AND BENZOIC MUSTARD PRODRUGS 477
18.2.2 OTHER ENZYME/PRODRUG SYSTEMS 478
18.2.3 CATALYTIC ANTIBODIES 478
18.3 CLINICAL STUDIES 479
18.3.1 F(AB) 2 FRAGMENTS CONJUGATED TO CPG2 479
18.3.2 RECOMBINANT SCFV-CPG2 FUSION PROTEIN 479
18.4 IMMUNOGENICITY 480
18.5 IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS/OUTLOOK 481
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 482
ABBREVIATIONS 482
REFERENCES 482
19 ENGINEERED ANTIBODY DOMAINS AS CANDIDATE THERAPEUTICS 487
WEIZAO CHEN, PONRAJ PRABAKARAN, AND DIMITER S. DIMITROV
19.1 INTRODUCTION 487
19.2 EAD STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 489
19.2.1 V
H
H 492
19.2.2 VNAR 492
19.2.3 VH AND VL 494
19.2.4 CH2 495
19.3 EAD LIBRARIES 495
19.3.1 GENERATION OF EAD LIBRARIES FROM NATURALLY OCCURRING HCABS 495
19.3.2 GENERATION OF SEMI-SYNTHETIC AND SYNTHETIC EAD LIBRARIES 496
19.3.3 GENERATION OF EAD LIBRARIES WITH GRAFTED IN VIVO FORMED CDRS 497
19.4 EADS AGAINST HIV-1 498
19.4.1 EADS TO THE CORBS OF HIV-1 GPL20 499
19.4.2 EADS TO THE CD4BS OF HIV-1 GPL20 500
19.4.3 EADS TO THE MPER OF HIV-1 GP41 500
19.4.4 EADS TO HIV-1 CORECEPTORS 501
19.4.5 IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV-1 VACCINE IMMUNOGEN DESIGN 501
19.5 EADS TARGETING CANCER 502
VOLUME 1 I XV
19.5.1 EADS FOR CANCER IMAGING 502
19.5.2 EADS FOR CANCER THERAPY 503
19.5.2.1 EADS BLOCKING CANCER CELL SIGNALING 503
19.5.2.2 EADS FOR CANCER DRUG TARGETING 503
19.5.2.3 EADS TARGETING CANCER-RELATED SOLUBLE LIGANDS FOR THEIR
IRREVERSIBLE
REMOVAL 504
19.6 EADS AGAINST INFLAMMATION 505
19.6.1 EADS AGAINST RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) 505
19.6.2 EADS AGAINST INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) 507
19.7 EADS AGAINST HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS 507
19.8 CONCLUSIONS 508
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 508
REFERENCES 508
20 CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTORS- CARS 519
ULF PETRAUSCH AND THOMAS SCHIRRMANN
20.1 INTRODUCTION 519
20.2 CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTORS - CARS 521
20.2.1 ANTIGEN RECOGNITION OF ANTIBODIES AND T CELL RECEPTORS 521
20.2.2 GENERAL DESIGN OF CHIMERIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN T CELL RECEPTORS 522
20.2.3 DOUBLE CHAIN CARS 523
20.2.4 SINGLE-CHAIN CARS 524
20.2.5 THE FIRST SIGNAL OF THE CAR 525
20.2.6 SIGNAL DOMAINS EMPLOYING DOWNSTREAM SIGNAL MOLECULES 526
20.2.7 THE TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN - MORE THAN ONLY A MEMBRANE
ANCHOR? 528
20.2.8 EXTRACELLULAR SPACER DOMAINS PROMOTE CAR EXPRESSION AND
FUNCTION 528
20.2.9 THE SECOND AND THIRD SIGNALS OF THE CAR 529
20.3 PRECLINICAL STUDIES 530
20.3.1 RETROVIRAL GENE TRANSFER INTO T LYMPHOCYTES 530
20.3.2 NAKED GENE DELIVERY SYSTEMS 532
20.3.3 ENRICHMENT OF CAR TRANSFECTED EFFECTOR CELLS 532
20.3.4 EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF CAR GENE-MODIFIED EFFECTOR LYMPHOCYTES 533
20.3.5 MEMORY FUNCTION OF REDIRECTED T CELLS 533
20.3.6 ANIMAL MODELS 537
20.4 THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS 538
20.4.1 ADOPTIVE CELLULAR IMMUNOTHERAPY 538
20.4.2 CLINICAL STUDIES WITH CAR-MODIFIED T LYMPHOCYTES 540
20.5 PERSPECTIVES 545
20.5.1 TUMOR TAXIS AND APPLICATION OF THE CAR
+
EFFECTOR CELLS 545
20.5.2 NEOVASCULARIZATION OF SOLID TUMORS - BARRIER OR TARGET? 546
20.5.3 REJECTION OF RECEPTOR GENE-MODIFIED EFFECTOR LYMPHOCYTES 546
20.6 CONCLUSIONS 547
REFERENCES 547
XVI | VOLUME 2
21 EMERGING ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS 561
BENJAMIN SOMMER, HOLGER LAUX, ANDRE FRENZEL, AND THOMAS JOSTOCK
21.1 INTRODUCTION 561
21.2 PRODUCTION SYSTEMS 562
21.2.1 PROKARYOTIC EXPRESSION SYSTEMS 562
21.2.1.1 ESCHERICHIA COLI 562
21.2.1.2 PSEUDOMONAS JLUORESCENS 564
21.2.1.3 BACILLUS SPECIES 564
21.2.2 EUKARYOTIC EXPRESSION SYSTEMS 565
21.2.2.1 YEAST 565
21.2.2.2 FILAMENTOUS FUNGI 569
21.2.2.3 INSECT CELLS 570
21.2.2.4 MAMMALIAN CELLS 571
21.2.2.5 PLANTS 579
21.2.2.6 TRANSGENIC ANIMALS 580
21.3 OUTLOOK 581
ABBREVIATIONS 583
REFERENCES 583
VOLUME II: CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODIES
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY
NAME XXIII
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY BRAND NAME XXV
A GREETING BY THE EDITORS XXVII
FOREWORD TO THE FIRST EDITION XXIX
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION XXXI
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXIII
ABBREVIATIONS LI
APPENDIX: MARKETED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES COMPENDIUM LXXXIII
PART IV: THE WAY INTO THE CLINIC 601
22 PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURING OF THERAPEUTIC
ANTIBODIES 603
ALEXANDER JACOBI, BARBARA ENENKEL, PATRICK GARIDEL, CHRISTIAN
ECKERMANN, MATHIAS KNAPPENBERGER, INGO PRESSER, AND HITTO KAUFMANN
23 THE IMMUNOGENICITY OF THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES 665
MELODY SAUERBORN
24 BIOSIMILAR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 681
SUSANNE D. PIPPIG, CARSTEN BROCKMEYER, AND ROBERT E. ZOUBEK
25
PATENT ISSUES RELATING TO THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES 705
BARBARA RIGBY, MICHAEL BRAUNAGEL, AND DEBORAH OWEN
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
VOLUME 2 | XVII
PART V: THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODY PIPELINE 735
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY CANCER TREATMENTS IN PHASE III CLINICAL
TRIALS 737
ULF PETRAUSCH AND PETER MARKUS DECKERT
ANTIBODIES IN CANCER TREATMENT: EARLY CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 787
MATTHEW ZIBELMAN, HOSSEIN BORGHAEI, AND ANTHONY J. OLSZANSKI
TARGETING ANGIOGENESIS BY THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES 823
ONAT KADIOGLU, EAN JEONG SEO, AND THOMAS EFFERTH
ANTIBODIES IN PHASE III STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 851
PENELOPE WARD AND MARK BODMER
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN PHASE 1 AND 2 STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL
DISORDERS 927
FRANK R. BRENNAN
MABS TARGETING SOLUBLE MEDIATORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES
IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 969
FRANK R. BRENNAN
T CELL INHIBITORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL
DISORDERS 1079
FRANK R. BRENNAN
B-CELL INHIBITORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL
DISORDERS 1115
FRANK R. BRENNAN
INHIBITORS OF LEUKOCYTE ADHESION AND MIGRATION IN PHASE 1 AND 2
CLINICAL STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 1127
FRANK R. BRENNAN
TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR INHIBITORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR
IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 1145
FRANK R. BRENNAN
IGE INHIBITORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL
DISORDERS 1159
FRANK R. BRENNAN
COMPLEMENT INHIBITORS IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR
IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 1165
FRANK R. BRENNAN
MABS TARGETING APOPTOSIS, ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITORS, AND OTHER MABS
IN PHASE 1 AND 2 CLINICAL STUDIES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS 1175
FRANK R. BRENNAN
IN VITRO STUDIES AND CLINICAL TRIALS ABOUT MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES USED
IN INFECTIOLOGY 1195
GUILLAUME DESOUBEAUX
IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS 1215
ANNE MESSER, KEVIN MANLEY, AND CYNTHIA A. LEMERE
PART VI: GAINING MARKETING APPROVAL 1231
REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MONOCLONAL
ANTIBODIES FOR DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY 1233
MAIJORIE A. SHAPIRO, PATRICK G. SWANN, AND M. STACEY RICCI
REGULATORY REVIEW: CLINICAL TO MARKET TRANSITION 1263
GABRIELE DAUMANN
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY NOMENCLATURE FOR CLINICAL STUDIES (USA) 1283
STEPHANIE C. SHUBAT
VOLUME III: APPROVED THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY
NAME XXIII
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY BRAND NAME XXV
A GREETING BY THE EDITORS XXVII
FOREWORD TO THE FIRST EDITION XXIX
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION XXXI
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXIII
ABBREVIATIONS LI
APPENDIX: MARKETED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES COMPENDIUM LXXXIII
PART VII: APPROVED THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES 1289
OLIGODONAL AND POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY PREPARATIONS 1291
RISHAB K. GUPTA AND MARK C. GLASSY
ADALIMUMAB (HUMIRA) 1309
JANICE M. REICHERT
ALEMTUZUMAB (LEMTRADA, MABCAMPATH) 1323
THOMAS ELTER, MICHAEL HALLEK, AND JANICE M. REICHERT
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
VOLUME 3 | XIX
BASILIXIMAB (SIMULECT) AND DADIZUMAB (ZENAPAX) 1375
NADIM MAHMUD, BURCIN TANER, AND NASIMUL AHSAN
BELIMUMAB (BENLYSTA) 1405
PAMELA M. K LUTALO, NATASHA JORDAN, THI-SAU MIGONE, AND
DAVID P. D CRUZ
BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN (ADCETRIS) FOR THE TREATMENT OF CD30-POSITIVE
HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES 1417
NIELS W.C.J, VAN DE DONLC AND EUGEN DHIMOLEA
CANAKINUMAB (ILARIS) 1445
HERMANN GRAM
CATUMAXOMAB (REMOVAB) -TRIFUNCTIONAL ANTIBODIES: COMBINING
DIRECT TUMOR CELL KILLING WITH THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION 1463
HORST LINDHOFER, MICHAEL STANGLMAIER, RAYMUND BUHMANN,
MICHAEL JAGER, DANIEL KLUNLCER, PETER RUF, AND JUERGEN HESS
CETUXIMAB (ERBITUX) 1501
SONJA WILKE AND MICHAEL HUST
DENOSUMAB (PROLIA) 1521
TORSTEN MEYER
EFALIZUMAB (RAPTIVA) 1531
KARLHEINZ SCHMITT-RAU
CALICHEAMICIN CONJUGATES: CEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN (MYLOTARG),
INOTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN 1545
MATTHIAS PEIPP AND MARTIN GRAMATZKI
COLIMUMAB (SIMPONI) 1565
SOHINI MAZUMDAR AND JANICE M. REICHERT
YTTRIUM-90 IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN (ZEVALIN) 1579
KARIN HOHLOCH, BJORN CHAPUY, AND LORENZ TRUMPER
INFLIXIMAB (REMICADE) 1599
CHRISTIAN ANTONI AND MARIA WIEKOWSKI
IPILIMUMAB (YERVOY) 1619
TERESA ALONSO GORDOA, JAVIER PUENTE VDZQUEZ, AND
EDUARDO DIAZ-RUBIO
MUROMONAB-CD3 (ORTHODONE OKT3) 1645
HARALD BECKER AND JANICE M. REICHERT
NIMOTUZUMAB: A HUMANIZED ANTI-ECFR ANTIBODY 1679
TANIA CROMBET RAMOS
OBINUTUZUMAB (GAZYVA), A NOVEL CLYCOENGINEERED TYPE IT CD20
ANTIBODY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AND
NON-HODGKIN S LYMPHOMA 1695
CHRISTIAN KLEIN, MARINA BACAC, PABLO L/MAFIA, AND
MICHAEL WENGER
VOLUME IV: APPROVED THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES AND IN VIVO DIAGNOSTICS
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY
NAME XXIII
QUICK REFERENCE LIST OF ANTIBODIES BY BRAND NAME XXV
A GREETING BY THE EDITORS XXVII
FOREWORD TO THE FIRST EDITION XXIX
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION XXXI
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXI11
ABBREVIATIONS LI
APPENDIX: MARKETED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES COMPENDIUM LXXXIII
OFATUMUMAB (ARZERRA): A NEXT-GENERATION HUMAN THERAPEUTIC
CD20 ANTIBODY WITH POTENT COMPLEMENT-DEPENDENT
CYTOTOXICITY
1733
MARGARET A. LINDOIFER, JOOST M. BAKKER, PAUL W.H.I. PARREN, AND
RONALD P. TAYLOR
OMALIZUMAB (XOLAIR) - ANTIIMMUNOGLOBULIN E TREATMENT IN ALLERGIC
DISEASES 1775
CLAUS KROEGEL AND MARTIN FOERSTER
PALIVIZUMAB (SYNAGIS) 1825
LOUIS BONT
PANITUMUMAB (VECTIBIX): A TREATMENT FOR METASTATIC COLORECTAL
CANCER 1855
JONAS KIIGLER
PERTUZUMAB (PERJETA) 1871
JOSE ANGEL GARCIA-SAINZ, FERNANDO MORENO ANTON, AND
CORALIA BUENO MUINO
VOLUME 4 | XXI
68 RANIBIZUMAB (LUCENTIS): A NEW ANTI-ANGIOGENIC TREATMENT IN
OPHTHALMOLOGY 1883
NICOLAS LEVEZIEL, MARC OHRESSER, AND GILLES PAINTAUD
69 RAXIBACUMAB, HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AGAINST ANTHRAX
TOXIN 1899
SALLY D. BOLMER AND THI-SAU MIGONE
70 RITUXIMAB (RITUXAN) 1909
AXEL BOHNKE AND MICHAEL WENGER
71 TOCILIZUMAB (ACTEMRA) 2023
GRAEME JONES AND CHANGHAI DING
72 TRASTUZUMAB (HERCEPTIN) AND ADO-TRASTUZUMAB EMTANSINE
(KADCYLA): TREATMENTS FOR H ER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER 2041
RUHE CHOWDHURY AND PAUL ELLIS
73 USTEKINUMAB (STELARA) 2069
OYA CINGOZ, STEFAN DIIBEL, AND JANICE M. REICHERT
74 ABCIXIMAB (REOPRO), BEVACIZUMAB (AVASTIN), CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL
(CIMZIA), ECULIZUMAB (SOLIRIS), NATALIZUMAB (TYSABRI) 2087
JANICE M. REICHERT
75 ITOLIZUMAB (ALZUMAB), MOGAMULIZUMAB (POTELIGEO), AND
TOSITUMOMAB (BEXXAR) 2113
STEFAN DIIBEL
PART VIII: IN VIVO DIAGNOSTICS 2121
76 RADIOLABELED ANTIBODIES FOR DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING 2123
CHRISTOPHER J. PALESTRO
INDEX 2143
|
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| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies 2. Auflage Weinheim, Bergstr Wiley-VCH 2013 1 Online-Ressource 100 schw.-w. Ill., 100 farb. Ill. txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Druckausg. in 4 Vols. Immuntherapie (DE-588)4026640-0 gnd rswk-swf Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd rswk-swf Antikörper (DE-588)4002290-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Antikörper (DE-588)4002290-0 s Immuntherapie (DE-588)4026640-0 s Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 s DE-604 Dübel, Stefan Sonstige (DE-588)111685311 oth Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 978-3-527-32937-3 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9783527682423 Verlag Volltext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027541595&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies Immuntherapie (DE-588)4026640-0 gnd Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd Antikörper (DE-588)4002290-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4026640-0 (DE-588)4026639-4 (DE-588)4002290-0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_auth | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_full | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_short | Handbook of Therapeutic Antibodies |
| title_sort | handbook of therapeutic antibodies |
| topic | Immuntherapie (DE-588)4026640-0 gnd Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd Antikörper (DE-588)4002290-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Immuntherapie Immunpharmakologie Antikörper Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9783527682423 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027541595&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dubelstefan handbookoftherapeuticantibodies |