Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977: studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | Polish |
Veröffentlicht: |
Warszawa
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
2014
|
Schriftenreihe: | Monografie / Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
95 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Bibliogr., netogr. s. 491-510. Indeks |
Beschreibung: | 526, [16] S. Ill. 25 cm |
ISBN: | 9788376296210 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | INSTYTUTPAMI Ę CINARODOWEJ
KOMISJA ŚCIGANIA ZBRODNI PRZECIWKO NARODOWI POLSKIEMU
Mirosław szumno
rommi zambrowski
1909-1977
Sledlum z dzleldoi elity Komunistuczre]
III roisce
WARSZAWA 2014
SPIS TREŚCI
Wstęp 7
1 Początki drogi życiowej 17
Dzieciństwo i środowisko rodzinne 17
Tożsamość narodowa 28
Droga do komunizmu 33
Więzienie - „komunistyczna akademia 52
Pierwsze doświadczenia organizacyjne 58
2 Zawodowy rewolucjonista 1929-1939 67
Międzynarodowa Szkoła Leninowska w Moskwie 67
W kierownictwie KZMP i aparacie Kominternu 77
„Front młodego pokolenia 90
Krytyka i samokrytyka - „spowiedź komunisty 100
Agonia KPP 112
Bereza Kartuska 117
3 Wojenne losy 1939-1944 122
Radziecki urzędnik w Baranowiczach 122
Bez przydziału 133
Politruk w Wojsku Polskim 139
4 Budowniczy Polski Ludowej 1944-1948 153
Kierownik Wydziału Organizacyjnego KC PPR 153
W Biurze Politycznym i Sekretariacie KC 166
Kadry aparatu partyjnego 187
Walka z PSL, referendum i wybory do sejmu 196
Nadzór nad partiami satelickimi 204
Komisja Specjalna do Walki z Nadużyciami i Szkodnictwem Gospodarczym 217
5 W ekipie Bieruta 1948-1956 t 226
Walka z „odchyleniem prawicowo-nacjonalistycznym 226
Zjednoczenie PPR i PPS 249
W ścisłym kierownictwie PZPR 258
Polityka wobec wsi - kolektywizacja rolnictwa 291
Życie codzienne na szczytach władzy 305
Odsunięcie na boczny tor 312
6 Przywódca „puławian 1956-1964 321
Droga do „polskiego Października 321
W nurcie przemian popaździernikowych 361
„Normalizacja i konsolidacja w aparacie władzy 385
W ogniu walk frakcyjnych 397
Kulisy dymisji 435
Ostatnie starcie 444
7 Bankrut polityczny 451
Marzec 1968 451
Na emeryturze - refleksje starego komunisty 466
Zakończenie 477 i
Wykaz skrótów 485
Summary 489
Bibliografia 491
Indeks osób 511
SUMMARY
Roman Zambrowski is a symbolic figure in the history of the communist party in Poland. He was
a member of the top leadership of the Polish Workers Party (PWP,
Polska
Partia Robotnicza, PPR),
and the Polish United Workers Party (PUWP,
Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, PZPR)
dur¬
ing three distinctive periods: the first consisting in laying down the foundations of the new rule,
followed by the phase of developed Stalinism; and finally, the early years of small stabilisation
under the leadership of
Władysław Gomułka.
In terms of social roots, mentality and political career,
he was a typical representative of the CPP generation , the group of activists of the Communist
Party of Poland
(Komunistyczna Partia Polski,
КРР),
who formed the core of the country s ruling
elite after
1944.
Ever since he was
15,
until his death, Roman Zambrowski was a communist believer . He dedi¬
cated his entire adult life to the party. In the
1
930s, he was already leading the party s youth section,
the Communist League of Polish Youth
(Komunistyczny Związek Młodzieży Polski, KZMP).
After 17th September
1939
(when the USSR invaded eastern Poland), as most Polish communists,
he found refuge in Soviet-occupied territories.
1943
marked the beginning of his rapid ascension as
an officer for political/education issues in the Polish Army. Finally, from September
1944,
he played
an important role in the process of installing the communist rule in Poland. As
Władysław
Gomuttca s
aide he was the actual organiser and head of PUWP s entire apparatus, a position he held (with
a several years-long pause) until
1963.
Simultaneously, for eighteen years he was a member of the
most important authority, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of PWP/PUWP. He was
the only one admitted to the so-called core leadership of the party during the rules of both Bierut
and
Gomułka.
He played a very important, albeit little recognised role in the political breakthrough
in
1956,
after which he led the strong, intra-PUWP faction of
Puławians
for seven years. A few
years after his dismissal from the party leadership and political sidelining, he became the target
of an anti-Zionist campaign in March
1968
and personal infighting within the communist elite.
The main purpose of this study is to present and analyse the course of Roman Zambrowski s
career and political attitudes. An important issue is his activity in the illegal communist movement
in the period of the Second Republic
(1918-1939),
a time that shaped him as a professional revolu¬
tionary and party official. I have tried to describe his social origins, national identity, motives and
circumstances of his accession to communism, and the elements composing his political formation :
imprisonments in jail and the detention camp for political prisoners at
Bereza Kartuska;
studies
at the International Lenin School; and his interrogation in Moscow in
1936.
Next, I have analysed
Zambrowski s wartime fortunes, especially his service in the Polish Army s political apparatus.
Obviously, his activities as member of PWP s/PUWP s top leadership are the main part of his bio¬
graphy. I have focused on the sensitive areas he was entrusted with, that were constitutive for the
new social and political order, and the power structure: developing the organisation and personnel
policies of the party apparatus, controlling the activities of satellite political parties, collectivising
farmlands, and leading the Special Commission Against Malfeasance and Economic Sabotage
(Komisja Specjalna
do
Walki z Nadużyciami i Szkodnictwem Gospodarczym).
No less important
is explaining his particular position in the structures of power, mainly in the times of political crises
489
in
1948
and
1956,
and during the factional infighting within the communist party elite. As regards
the period that followed his sidelining, I have concentrated on his position after March
1968,
and
his political evolution in the final years of his life.
Secondly, my study attempts to outline the history of the communist elite that ruled Poland
between
1944
and the late
1960s.
To that purpose, I have used his biography as a pretext to pres¬
ent a whole period of history, or a certain collective image, through a life of an individual. Zam-
browski s biography is a tool I applied to characterise his political environment: a group of com¬
munist activists, members of the same ideological generation, who formed PWP s/PUWP s elite
after
1944.
They can be symbolically labelled the CPP generation , mostly composed of people
born between
1901
and
1918,
who joined the communist movement during the time of the (Pol¬
ish) Second Republic, subsequently professional officials of KPP or KZMP. Roman Zambrowski
may be considered a typical representative of both the CPP generation , and the less numerous
generation of Jewish-Polish communists singled out by Jaff
Schatz.
I have intended to present Zambrowski s life-long career against the background of his KZMP
comrades, and the PWP/PUWP leaderships. In reference to the interwar period, I
analise
the motiva¬
tion of their accession to the communist movement; the conditions of their imprisonment in Polish
penitentiary facilities; their studies at Comintern s schools; attitudes towards Stalinist purges and
the dissolution of CPP. Next, I present their situation after the Soviet aggression against Poland
of 17th September
1939,
and their wartime fortunes. On addressing the post-war period, I develop
a collective picture of PWP s Political Bureau and Secretariat members, and the upper levels of the
communist party apparatus. Furthermore, I characterise successive changes in the composition
and functions of PUWP s central decision-taking bodies, until
1963.
1 also present the mentioned
factional infighting within PUWP s elite.
Zambrowski s main virtue
-
apart from his long KPP membership
-
were his outstanding
organisational talents that enabled him to stand guard in the party s leadership for a long time,
despite repetitive attacks by political adversaries in Poland, and the serious reservations voiced by
Moscow. His acquaintance with Comintern s apparatus and his self-criticism of
1936
eventually
proved to be a precious experience which prepared him well to face critical situations and politi¬
cal turmoil in the future. He knew how to understand the wisdom of the new phase just in time.
He was not directly responsible for the terror of the security bodies, nevertheless he does carry guilt
for the activities of the Special Commission Against Malfeasance and Economic Sabotage, and the
brutally imposed collectivisation of farmlands. On the other hand, in
1956
his role was evidently
positive, when he supported Gomulka s rise to power. In his final years, his views evolved
-
ap¬
parently sincerely
-
towards the so-called revisionism. But, even when no longer a member of the
PUWP, he still remained a true communist, for whom the party s good was always the priority.
|
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genre_facet | Biografie |
geographic | Polska / 1944-1956 (Okres stalinizmu) jhpk Polska / polityka i rządy / 1945-1970 jhpk |
geographic_facet | Polska / 1944-1956 (Okres stalinizmu) Polska / polityka i rządy / 1945-1970 |
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illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:12:02Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9788376296210 |
language | Polish |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027515621 |
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physical | 526, [16] S. Ill. 25 cm |
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spelling | Szumiło, Mirosław 1975- Verfasser (DE-588)134120388 aut Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce Mirosław Szumiło Warszawa Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu 2014 526, [16] S. Ill. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Monografie / Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu 95 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Bibliogr., netogr. s. 491-510. Indeks Zambrowski, Roman / (1909-1977) / biografia jhpk Zambrowski, Roman 1909-1977 (DE-588)1051760852 gnd rswk-swf Antysemityzm / Polska / 1945-1970 jhpk Polska / 1944-1956 (Okres stalinizmu) jhpk Polska / polityka i rządy / 1945-1970 jhpk (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content Zambrowski, Roman 1909-1977 (DE-588)1051760852 p DE-604 Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu Monografie 95 (DE-604)BV017143574 95 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027515621&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027515621&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
spellingShingle | Szumiło, Mirosław 1975- Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce Zambrowski, Roman / (1909-1977) / biografia jhpk Zambrowski, Roman 1909-1977 (DE-588)1051760852 gnd Antysemityzm / Polska / 1945-1970 jhpk |
subject_GND | (DE-588)1051760852 (DE-588)4006804-3 |
title | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce |
title_auth | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce |
title_exact_search | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce |
title_full | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce Mirosław Szumiło |
title_fullStr | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce Mirosław Szumiło |
title_full_unstemmed | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce Mirosław Szumiło |
title_short | Roman Zambrowski 1909 - 1977 |
title_sort | roman zambrowski 1909 1977 studium z dziejow elity komunistycznej w polsce |
title_sub | studium z dziejów elity komunistycznej w Polsce |
topic | Zambrowski, Roman / (1909-1977) / biografia jhpk Zambrowski, Roman 1909-1977 (DE-588)1051760852 gnd Antysemityzm / Polska / 1945-1970 jhpk |
topic_facet | Zambrowski, Roman / (1909-1977) / biografia Zambrowski, Roman 1909-1977 Antysemityzm / Polska / 1945-1970 Polska / 1944-1956 (Okres stalinizmu) Polska / polityka i rządy / 1945-1970 Biografie |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027515621&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027515621&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV017143574 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT szumiłomirosław romanzambrowski19091977studiumzdziejowelitykomunistycznejwpolsce |