Monetary economics:
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cape Town
Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa
2014
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Item Description: | Previous edition: 2010 |
| Physical Description: | X, 388 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780199050703 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Monetary economics |c Van der Merwe ... |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
—l—i—
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PART
1 :
BASIC CONCEPTS
AND MONETARY
THEORY
CHAPTER I The nature and scope of
monetary economics
____.............................
З
1.1
Introduction
.............................................
З
1.2
What is monetary economics?
................3
1.3
Why is it important to study monetary
economics?
..............................................5
1.4
The meaning of money
...........................6
1.4.1
Money as a medium of
exchange
......................................7
1.4.2
Money as a store of value
...........8
1.4.3
Money as a unit of account
........9
1.4.4
An empirical definition of
money
........................................10
1.4.5
Divisia monetary aggregates
.... 11
1.4.6
Definitions of money in
practice
......................................12
1.5
Monetary policy
....................................12
1.6
The study of monetary economics
........13
CHAPTER
2
The evolution of money
...............16
2.1
Introduction
...........................................16
2.2
Commodity money
...............................17
2.3
The development of coins
.....................20
2.4
The issuing of banknotes and
fractional-reserve banking
....................23
2.5
The issuing of banknotes by central
banks
......................................................24
2.6
Fiat money
..............................................26
2.7
E-money
.................................................26
2.8
Money in South Africa
..........................28
2.8.1
The Cape Colony
.......................28
2.8.2
Natal
...........................................31
2.8.3
The Orange Free State
...............31
2.8.4
The
Zuid
-Afrikaansche
Republiek
..................................32
2.8.5
The Union of South Africa
........32
2.8.6
Decimalisation and the
Republic of South Africa
...........33
2.9
E-money in South Africa
.......................33
CHAPTER
3
The financial system
.....................38
3.1
Introduction
...........................................38
3.2
Financial instruments
...........................39
3.3
Financial markets
..................................41
3.4
Financial intermediaries
.......................42
3.5
Reserve Bank
..........................................44
3.5.1
Bank regulation and
supervision
.................................45
3.5.2
Settlement of interbank claims
48
3.6
Financial Services Board (FSB)
.............49
3.7
Financial Intelligence Centre
(FIC)
......50
3.8
National Credit Regulator
......................50
3.9
Other regulators
.....................................50
CHAPTER
4
The money supply process
..........54
4.1
Introduction
...........................................54
4.2
The balance sheet of the monetary
sector
.......................................................55
4.3
The definition of money in South
Africa
......................................................56
4.4
The money-supply-multiplier
approach
................................................58
4.4.1
The deposit multiplier
..............58
4.4.2
The monetary base model
........59
4.4.3
Factors affecting the
monetary base
..........................61
4.4.4
Factors affecting the public s
cash ratio
...................................62
4.4.5
Factors affecting the reserve
ratio
............................................63
4.4.6
The disadvantages of the
money-supply- multiplier
approach
....................................65
4.5
The flow-of-funds approach
.................66
4.6
The monetary analysis of the Reserve
Bank
........................................................68
4.7
Endogenous or exogenous money
supply
.....................................................70
CHAPTER
5
The demand for money
_______76
5.1
Introduction
...........................................76
5.2
The classical theory of the demand for
money
.....................................................77
5.3
The Cambridge cash-balance
approach
.................................................78
5.4
The liquidity-preference theory of
Keynes
.....................................................79
5.5
Post-Keynesian approach to demand
for money
................................................82
5.5.1
The inventory-theoretic
approach
....................................84
5.5.2
The portfolio model of the
demand for money
....................85
5.6
Monetarism and the demand for
money
.....................................................87
5.7
McCallum s microeconomic
transactions model
................................91
5.8
Buffer-stock models
...............................92
5.9
Empirical research on the demand for
money in foreign countries
...................94
5.10
Empirical research on the demand for
money in South Africa
...........................96
CHAPTER
б
Interest rates „mMMWWMHmw....
101
6.1
Introduction
.........................................101
6.2
The definition of the term
interest
rate
......................................................102
6.3
Measuring interest rates
.....................102
6.3.1
Simple and compound
interest
.....................................102
6.3.2
The current yield and the
yield to maturity
......................104
6.3.3
The discount rate
....................104
6.4
Inflation and interest rates
..................105
6.4.1
The Fischer effect and real
interest rates
............................105
6.4.2
The
naturaj
rate of interest
.....106
6.5
The determination of interest rates
.... 107
6.5.1
Monetary policy
......................108
6.5.2
A summary of interest rate
theory
.......................................108
6.5.3
The loanable-funds theory
......109
6.5.4
Interest rates in the bond
market
......................................112
6.6
The risk and term structure of interest
rates
......................................................114
6.6.1
The risk structure of interest
rates
..........................................114
6.6.2
The term structure of interest
rates
..........................................115
6.6.3
Bond ratings and yields
...........119
6.7
Interest rates in South Africa
..............120
6.7.1
The link between the
repo
rate and other interest rates
... 120
6.7.2
Some important interest
rates in South Africa
...............122
6.7.3
Real interest rates in South
Africa
........................................122
6.7.4
Term spread in South Africa
.. 123
CHAPTER? Exchange rates
...........................127
7.1
Introduction
.........................................127
7.2
Foreign exchange concepts
................128
7.2.1
The foreign exchange market..
128
7.2.2
The exchange rate
...................128
7.2.3
Nominal versus real
exchange rates
.........................130
7.2.4
Effective exchange rates
.........130
7.3
Functions of the foreign exchange
market
..................................................132
7.3.1
International clearing
.............132
7.3.2
Provision of credit
...................133
7.3.3
Hedging, arbitrage and
speculation
..............................133
7.4
The demand for and supply of foreign
exchange
..............................................134
7.5
Exchange rate regimes
.........................136
7.5.1
The gold standard
...................136
7.5.2
The gold-exchange standard
.. 136
7.5.3
The
Bretton
Woods system
.....136
7.5.4
The present system of
managed floating exchange
rates
..........................................138
7.6
Fixed versus floating exchange rates
.. 139
7.6.1
The Mundell-Fleming model..
139
7.6.2
The effect of monetary
policy with fixed and floating
exchange rates
.........................142
7.7
The management of the foreign
exchange market
.................................145
7.8
The South African foreign exchange
market
..................................................148
7.8.1
Intervention in the South
African foreign exchange
market
......................................
148
7.8.2
Exchange controls in South
Africa
........................................
I50
CHAPTER
8
Inflation
__________________
155
8.1
Introduction
.........................................
I55
8.2
What is inflation?
..................................
156
8.3
Measurement of inflation
...................
I57
8.4.
Types and causes of inflation
..............
I59
8.5
Costs of inflation
..................................161
8.6
Inflation in South Africa
......................163
8.6.1
A brief history of South
African inflation
.......................163
8.6.2
Main factors contributing to
inflation in South Africa
..........164
PART
2:
MONETARY POLICY
CHAPTER
9
A framework for monetary
policy
................................
.....................,......
172
9.1
Introduction
.........................................172
9.2.
The ultimate objective of monetary
policy
....................................................174
9.3.
Market-oriented measures versus
direct controls
......................................177
9.4
Rules versus discretion
.......................178
9.5.
Monetary-policy instruments
............182
9.6
Monetary policy regimes
....................183
9.6.1
Exchange rate targeting
..........184
9.6.2
Monetary targeting
.................186
9.6.3
Nominal income targeting
.....187
9.6.4
Inflation targeting
...................189
9.7
Indicators and instrument rules
........195
9.7.1
The monetary-conditions
index
........................................197
9.7.2
The financial-conditions
index
........................................197
9.7.3
The Taylor rule
........................198
9.7.4
The McCallum rule
.................199
9.7.5
Forecast targeting
...................199
9.8
Monetary policy operational
procedures
...........................................201
9.8.1
Cash reserve requirements
.... 203
9.8.2
Open-market transactions
.....205
9.8.3
Quantitative easing
..................207
9.8.4
Transferring official deposits
between the central bank and
other banks
..............................208
9.8.5
The discount window
.............209
9.8.6
Moral suasion
..........................209
9.8.7
Direct controls
.........................210
9.9.
The institutional arrangements
..........211
9.9.1
Independence
.........................211
9.9.2
Accountability
.........................213
9.9.3
Transparency
..........................215
CHAPTER
10
Monetary policy in South
Africa
..............................................................221
10.1
Introduction
.........................................221
10.2.
The objective of monetary policy in
South Africa
..........................................222
10.3
Broad monetary policy philosophy
.... 225
10.4
The operational variable in South
Africa
....................................................227
10.5.
The implementation of inflation
targeting
................................................229
10.5.1
The definition of the target
variable
.....................................229
10.5.2
Specification of the target
level
...........................................231
10.5.3
The decision-making process
. 232
10.6
The institutional arrangements
...........234
10.6.1
The independence of the
South African Reserve Bank
... 234
10.6.2
The accountability of the
South African Reserve Bank
... 236
10.6.3
The transparency of
monetary policy
.......................236
10.7.
Inflation targeting and the exchange
rate
......................................................237
10.8.
Inflation targeting and asset prices
.....238
10.9
The effectiveness of inflation targeting
in South Africa
.....................................239
CHAPTER
11
Monetary policy operational
procedures in South Africa
.........................244
11.1
Introduction
.........................................244
11.2.
The objectives of the operational
procedures
............................................245
11.3
The determination of the actual and
projected liquidity requirement
..........246
11.4.
Cash reserve requirements
..................251
11.5
Open-market operations
.....................254
11.6.
The transfer of official deposits
...........257
11.7
Public debt management
....................257
11.8
Refinancing of liquidity
.......................259
CHAPTER
12
The monetary policy
transmission mechanism.
__...................... 265
12.1
Introduction
.........................................265
12.2
The classical economists
.....................266
12.3
Keynesian theory
..................................269
12.4.
The neo-classical synthesis
.................272
12.5
Monetarism
..........................................274
12.6
The new classical school
......................276
12.6.1
The Phillips curve
....................277
12.6.2
Rational expectations
..............280
12.6.3
Continuous market clearing
... 281
12.6.4
Transmission mechanism of
the new classical school
..........281
12.6.5
Policy implications of the
new classical approach
...........282
12.6.6
Criticisms of the new
classical approach
...................283
12.7
The new Keynesian school
..................285
12.7.1
Wage and price rigidities
.........285
12.7.2
The transmission mechanism
of the new Keynesian school
.. 286
12.7.3
Implications of the new
Keynesian approach for
monetary policy
.......................286
12.8
Problems experienced in identifying
the transmission mechanism
..............288
12.9
The main channels of monetary
policy
....................................................289
12.9.1
The short-term interest rate
channel
.....................................290
12.9.2
Long-term interest rate
channel
.............293
12.9.3
lhe
domestic asset price
channel
.............295
12.9.4
The exchange rate channel
.....297
12.10
The role of money supply
....................298
12.11
The role of risk-taking
..........................300
CHAPTER
13
Monetary and fiscal
interdependence
... 307
13.1
Introduction
.........................................307
13.2
The definition and instruments of
fiscal policy
...........................................308
13.2.1
Government revenue
..............308
13.2.2
Government expenditure
........309
13.2.3
Public debt
...............................309
13.3
The role of fiscal policy
........................311
13.4
The effectiveness of monetary and
fiscal policy
...........................................313
13.5
Monetary and fiscal stabilisation
policies
..................................................315
13.5.1
Monetary policy and
stabilisation
..............................315
13.5.2
Fiscal policy and stabilisation
315
13.5.3
Stabilisation measures in
South Africa
.............................316
13.6
Interaction between monetary and
fiscal policy
...........................................318
13.7
Monetary and fiscal policy co¬
ordination in South Africa
...................320
CHAPTER
14
Financial stability and the
central bank
.................................._............... 324
14.1
Introduction
.........................................324
14.2
What is financial stability?
..................325
14.3
Causes of financial instability
.............326
14.3.1
Macroeconomic instability
....326
14.3.2
Domestic financial fragility
.... 327
14.3.3
Contagion
................................327
14.4
Monitoring financial stability
..............328
14.5
The role of monetary policy in
maintaining financial stability
...........331
14.6
The role of international organisations
in the pursuit of financial stability
.....334
14.7
The Twin Peaks approach in South
Africa
.....................................................337
CHAPTER
15
Monetary policy
co-operation ~~.
----------------------
~~
--------342
15.1
Introduction
.........................................342
15.2
International interdependence
...........343
15.3
The economics of monetary unions
..346
15.4
Current monetary unions
....................349
15.4.1
The EMU
...................................349
15.4.2
The Common Monetary Area
in Southern Africa
...................353
15.4.3
Other monetary unions
...........357
15.5
Envisaged monetary unions
...............357
15.5.1
The SADC
.................................358
15.5.2
The
AU
.....................................359
15.5.3
Other envisaged monetary
unions
.......................................361
Key terms
...............................................365
Index
______________________________-373
What do you need to know about the money supply
process? Do you know what purpose monetary policy
serves in the economy? What is the role of interest
rates?
Monetary Economics is a concise and accessible
textbook for Economics students at senior
undergraduate and Honours level.
The second edition discusses monetary policy, financial
innovation, financial liberalisation, deregulation and
other topical issues such as the
subprime
crisis. The
text uses a step-by-step approach to technical areas
such as formulae and graphs, and examines South
Africa as a developing economy.
The new edition of the text includes the following:
•
Discussion boxes with questions that facilitate self-
assessment and encourage critical thinking
•
Additional topics such as yield curve and
accommodation policy
•
Case studies which illustrate the key concepts and
how they have been applied
•
A strong focus on the theoretical foundation of the
subject.
The following resources are available to lecturers who
prescribe this book:
•
instructor s manual
•
PowerPoint slides.
AUTHORS
ERNIE VAN
DER MERWE
is a former
Chief Economist and Economic
Advisor to the Governors of the
Reserve Bank and member of the
Monetary Policy Committee of the
Reserve Bank.
SANDRA MOLLENTZE is course
director at the South African Reserve
Bank.
TEMITOPE
LYDIA
LESHORO is a
senior lecturer in Economics at
Unisa.
JANNIE R0SS0UW
is Head: School
of Economic
&
Business Sciences
and Faculty of Commerce, Law and
Management at the University of
Witwatersrand.
COBUS
VERMEULEN
is a lecturer in
Economics at Unisa.
|
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| author_GND | (DE-588)170913465 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042041233 |
| classification_rvk | QC 320 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)887932808 (DE-599)BVBBV042041233 |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Südafrika |
| id | DE-604.BV042041233 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:11:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199050703 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027482484 |
| oclc_num | 887932808 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 |
| physical | X, 388 S. |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Monetary economics Van der Merwe ... 2. ed. Cape Town Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa 2014 X, 388 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Previous edition: 2010 Geldtheorie (DE-588)4121333-6 gnd rswk-swf Südafrika (DE-588)4078012-0 gnd rswk-swf Südafrika (DE-588)4078012-0 g Geldtheorie (DE-588)4121333-6 s DE-604 Merwe, Ernest J. van der 1940- Sonstige (DE-588)170913465 oth Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027482484&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027482484&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Monetary economics Geldtheorie (DE-588)4121333-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4121333-6 (DE-588)4078012-0 |
| title | Monetary economics |
| title_auth | Monetary economics |
| title_exact_search | Monetary economics |
| title_full | Monetary economics Van der Merwe ... |
| title_fullStr | Monetary economics Van der Merwe ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monetary economics Van der Merwe ... |
| title_short | Monetary economics |
| title_sort | monetary economics |
| topic | Geldtheorie (DE-588)4121333-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geldtheorie Südafrika |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027482484&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027482484&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT merweernestjvander monetaryeconomics |