Segmented representation: political party strategies in unequal democracies
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2014
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| Edition: | 1. ed. |
| Series: | Oxford studies in democratization
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references |
| Physical Description: | XXV, 374 S. graph. Darst. |
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Titel: Segmented representation
Autor: Luna, Juan Pablo
Jahr: 2014
Contents List of Illustrations xi List of Tables xv List of Abbreviations xvii Prologue xix Introduction 1 Segmented Democratic Representation in Unequal Societies 3 Why Segmented Representation Matters for Redistribution and for Party System Change 8 Research Design 12 Case Selection 12 Multi-level Research Design: Paired District Comparison 14 Tools for Observing and Analyzing Different Types of Linkages 15 Plan of the Book 15 Part I: Descriptive Inference 1. Segmented Electoral Appeals: A Descriptive Framework 21 Towards an Adapted Framework 22 Types of Party-Voter Linkages: A Minimal Definition 23 Party-Voter Linkages and the Assumption of Trade-Offs 29 The Structure of Segmentation 32 Party-Voter Linkage Types and Strategic Harmonization 34 Segmentation and Harmonization of Electoral Appeals 4 1 Operationalization and Identification Strategy: Mapping Segmented Linkages 45 Level of Analysis: System or Individual Parties? 45 Unit of Observation and Units of Analysis 47 Recovering Historical Patterns of Segmentation and Harmonization (Independence to 1973) 48 Observing Socioeconomic Segmentation at the Aggregate Level in the Contemporary Period 48 Observing Territorial and Socioeconomic Segmentation at the District Level 50 Observing Party Strategies 52
vi Contents Observing Structures of Segmentation in Other Cases 52 Summary of the Operationalization Strategy for Measuring the Dependent Variable 53 Causes of Party-Voter Linkage Types: Available Arguments 53 Causes of Different Types of Linkages and Structures of Segmentation 59 Which Types of Linkages and What Degree of Segmentation Are Observed in the System? 60 Is Segmentation Mixed or Dual? 62 Can Parties Strategically Harmonize Segmented Appeals? 63 Expected types of Causation and Hypothesized Causal Configurations Across Cases 66 2. Patterns of Party-Voter Linkages in Chile and Uruguay: A Stylized Description of the Pre-1973 and Post-Transitional Periods 70 Introduction 70 The Chilean and Uruguayan Pre-Authoritarian Party Systems 71 A General Characterization of the Chilean Party System 71 A General Characterization of the Uruguayan Party System 72 Applying the Analytical Framework to the Pre-Authoritarian Party Systems 75 The Historical Configuration of Party-Voter Linkages in Chile and Uruguay 83 Party-Voter Linkages in Post-Authoritarian Chile and Uruguay, 1990-2010 83 Post-Transitional Party-Voter Linkages in Chile 85 Post-Transitional Party-Voter Linkages in Uruguay 86 Applying the Analytical Framework to Post-Transitional Party Systems 88 Recent Evolution of the Two-Party Systems 94 Chile’s Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Regime (1973-1989) 94 Uruguay: The Bureaucratic-Authoritarian (BA) Regime and Transition to Democracy (1973-1984) 103 Post-Transitional Party-Systems and Programmatic Party-Voter Linkages 106 Chile: 1989-2010 106 Uruguay: 1984-2010 109 Summing Up: The Contemporary Configuration of Party-Voter Linkages in Chile and Uruguay 115
Contents vii 3. Socioeconomic Segmentation of Party-Voter Linkages in Post-Transitional Chile and Uruguay 117 Introduction 117 Methodological Strategy: Programmatic Linkage Proxies 117 The Evolution and Socioeconomic Segmentation of Programmatic Linkages in Chile (1989-2010) and Uruguay (1984-2010) 120 Significant Partisan Differences Across Programmatic Divides 121 Relative Programmatic Placements of Partisan Electorates and Congressional Delegations 122 Procrustes Analysis: Multidimensional Issue Congruence 129 Cross-Validation: Interview and Expert Survey Evidence 133 Alternative Types of Linkages and their Patterns of Socioeconomic Segmentation 139 Conclusion 141 4. Territorial Segmentation of Party-Voter Linkages in Post-Transitional Chile and Uruguay 144 Introduction and Methodological Strategy 144 Comparative Notes on Party-Voter Linkages at the Local Level in Chile and Uruguay 148 Chile: Overall Dynamics of Party-Voter Linkages at the District Level 150 Linkage Segmentation in Chilean Districts: A Classification of District Types 153 Upper-Income Sectors: “Rightist Ghettos” 154 Lower-Income Sectors Without Available Territories: “Leftist Ghettos” and Pinochets Successful Mayors in Congress 156 Middle and Lower-Income Districts with Available Territories: Heterogeneous Societies and Intra-District Segmentation 162 Uruguay: Overall Dynamics of Party-Voter Linkages at the District Level 171 Ideological Families and the Recrafting of Local Party Systems: A Tentative Characterization of District Types in Uruguay 171 Towards National-Local Dealignment? The Characteristics of Recent Political Leaderships at the District Level 173 The Evolution of Linkage Types at the District Level 176 The Receding of Clientelism 177
Contents viii The Mutation and (Municipal) Refuge of Clientelism and Constituency Service 182 The Current Nature of Non-Programmatic Linkages in Uruguay: Overarching Implications 186 5. Strategic Harmonization of Segmented Linkages: The UDI and FA in Comparative Perspective 191 Introduction 191 Segmentation and Harmonization Strategies of the UDI and FA 192 Setting Comparative Parameters: Less Successful Parties and Strategic Harmonization 195 The UDI in Chile 202 Origins and Social Base 204 The Core Constituency 210 The UDIs Outreach to the Popular Sectors: Authoritarian Clientelism 213 The Political Opportunity Structure for Seducing the “Soft Vote” 214 Political Organization and the UDIs Partisan Apparatus 215 The “Popular Party” and Lavins National Leadership 220 Corollary: The UDIs Harmonized Dual Strategy 223 The FA in Uruguay 224 Origins and Social Base 225 The FAs Core Constituency 231 The Political Opportunity Structure of the 1990s and 2000s 239 Reaching the FAs Peripheral Constituency 242 Moderation, Leadership Renewal, and Electoral Alliances 242 The Municipal Government of Montevideo 245 Reaching the FA's Emerging Constituency: The AU and the MPP 247 The FAs Harmonized Mixed Strategy 252 The UDI and FA in Comparative Perspective 254 Part II: Causal Inference 6. Causal Induction: Explaining Linkage Structures in Chile and Uruguay 259 The Variance to Be Explained 259
Contents ix The Nature of the Causal Argument: Types of Causation and Coding of Each Case 263 Explaining the Scope of Socioeconomic Segmentation and Predominant Types of Party-Voter Linkages 264 Social Inequality 264 Privatization, Social Policy Provision, and Decentralization 267 Timing of Market and State Reforms 270 Authoritarian Legacies and the Politics of the Transition to Democracy 271 Institutional Factors 271 Explaining Patterns of Territorial Segmentation 272 Explaining Types of Strategic Harmonization 274 District Magnitude 276 Separation of Municipal and National-Level Elections 276 Nomination Procedures 277 Campaign Finance Regulations 277 Privatization and State Reform 278 Individual Parties’ Access to Material and Symbolic Resources 278 Conclusion 279 7. Plausibility and Scope: Out-of-Sample Tests 281 Operationalization: Identifying Non-Segmented, Segmented and Harmonized, and Segmented and Non-Harmonized Linkage Strategies 282 Strategy for Operationalizing Other Variables 288 Assessing the External Validity of Descriptive Propositions and an Overarching Causal Claim 289 External Validity of Explanatory Propositions 291 Scope of Segmentation, Predominant Linkage Types 291 Strategic Harmonization 300 Individually Successful Parties in Highly Unequal Societies 303 The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 303 The Alianza Republicana Nacional (ARENA) 306 The Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) 310 The Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) 315 Comparative Analysis of the Shadow Cases’ Causal Configurations 319 Conclusion 323
X Contents Conclusion 325 Methodological Implications 327 Substantive Implications 328 Linkage Strategies’ Redistributive Impacts 328 Inter-Temporal Party and Party-System Dynamics, and States’ Bureaucratic Capacity 336 Theoretical Implications 339 Bibliography 341 Name Index 365 Subject Index 371 |
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| spelling | Luna, Juan Pablo 1974- Verfasser (DE-588)1052275192 aut Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies Juan Pablo Luna 1. ed. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2014 XXV, 374 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford studies in democratization Includes bibliographical references Geschichte 1980-2014 gnd rswk-swf Democracy Equality Political parties Parteipolitik (DE-588)4136757-1 gnd rswk-swf Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 gnd rswk-swf Soziale Ungleichheit (DE-588)4055736-4 gnd rswk-swf Lateinamerika (DE-588)4074032-8 gnd rswk-swf Lateinamerika (DE-588)4074032-8 g Soziale Ungleichheit (DE-588)4055736-4 s Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 s Parteipolitik (DE-588)4136757-1 s Geschichte 1980-2014 z DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027322384&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Luna, Juan Pablo 1974- Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies Democracy Equality Political parties Parteipolitik (DE-588)4136757-1 gnd Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 gnd Soziale Ungleichheit (DE-588)4055736-4 gnd |
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| title | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies |
| title_auth | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies |
| title_exact_search | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies |
| title_full | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies Juan Pablo Luna |
| title_fullStr | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies Juan Pablo Luna |
| title_full_unstemmed | Segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies Juan Pablo Luna |
| title_short | Segmented representation |
| title_sort | segmented representation political party strategies in unequal democracies |
| title_sub | political party strategies in unequal democracies |
| topic | Democracy Equality Political parties Parteipolitik (DE-588)4136757-1 gnd Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 gnd Soziale Ungleichheit (DE-588)4055736-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Democracy Equality Political parties Parteipolitik Demokratie Soziale Ungleichheit Lateinamerika |
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