Basics of Distributed and Cooperative Radio and Non-Radio Based Geolocation provides a detailed overview of geolocation technologies. The book covers the basic principles of geolocation, including ranging techniques to localization technologies, fingerprinting and localization in wireless sensor net...

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Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	New York Springer 2013
Schlagworte:	Mobile geographic information systems Mobile communication systems Global Positioning System Funkortung Lokalisation
Zusammenfassung:	Basics of Distributed and Cooperative Radio and Non-Radio Based Geolocation provides a detailed overview of geolocation technologies. The book covers the basic principles of geolocation, including ranging techniques to localization technologies, fingerprinting and localization in wireless sensor networks. This book also examines the latest algorithms and techniques such as Kalman Filtering, Gauss-Newton Filtering and Particle Filtering
Beschreibung:	Includes bibliographical references and index Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction -- 1.1.Overview -- 1.1.1.Outdoor Localization -- 1.1.2.Indoor Localization -- 1.2.Organization -- 1.2.1.Chapter 2: Localization in Harsh Multipath Environments -- 1.2.2.Chapter 3: Multipath and NLOS Mitigation Algorithms -- 1.2.3.Chapter 4: Fingerprinting Techniques -- 1.2.4.Chapter 5: Cellular Localization Systems -- 1.2.5.Chapters 6 and 7: Cooperative Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks-Centralized and Distributed Algorithms -- 1.2.6.Chapters 8 and 9: Inertial Navigation Systems -- References -- 2.Ranging and Localization in Harsh Multipath Environments -- 2.1.Basics of Geolocation -- 2.1.1.TOA-Based Techniques -- 2.1.2.TDOA Techniques -- 2.1.3.AOA-Based Techniques -- 2.1.4.Received Signal Strength Localization -- 2.2.The Multipath Problem -- 2.2.1.TOA-Based Ranging in LOS Multipath Channels -- 2.2.2.RSS-Based Ranging in LOS Multipath Environments -- 2.3.The NLOS Problem -- Contents note continued: 2.3.1.TOA-Based Ranging in NLOS Multipath Environments -- 2.3.2.RSS-Based Ranging in NLOS Multipath Environments -- 2.4.Empirical Evaluation of the Multipath and NLOS Problems -- 2.4.1.Channel Measurement Systems -- 2.4.2.Alavi Models -- 2.4.3.Alsindi Models -- 2.5.Conclusion -- References -- 3.Multipath and NLOS Mitigation Algorithms -- 3.1.Multipath Mitigation -- 3.1.1.Super-Resolution Technique: MUSIC Algorithm -- 3.1.2.Ultra Wideband Technology -- 3.2.NLOS Identification and Mitigation -- 3.2.1.NLOS Identification Techniques -- 3.2.2.NLOS Mitigation Algorithms -- 3.3.Conclusion -- References -- 4.Survey-Based Location Systems -- 4.1.Analytical Models -- 4.1.1.A Stochastic Model for the Similarity Metric -- 4.1.2.A Stochastic Model for the Correct Localization -- 4.2.Memoryless Systems -- 4.2.1.The Weighted k-Nearest Neighbors Method -- 4.2.2.Support Vector Machines -- 4.2.3.Neural Networks -- 4.2.4.Bayesian Inference -- 4.2.5.Comparison of Methods -- Contents note continued: 4.3.Memory Systems -- 4.3.1.Bayesian Inference in Memory Systems -- 4.3.2.Grid-Based Markov Localization -- 4.4.Channel Impulse Response Fingerprinting -- 4.4.1.Mapping Using a Neural Network -- 4.4.2.Mapping Using a Gaussian Kernel -- 4.4.3.Variations of CIR Fingerprinting -- 4.5.Non-Radio Frequency Features -- 4.5.1.Sound Features -- 4.5.2.Motion Features -- 4.5.3.Color Features -- 4.5.4.Connectivity Features -- 4.6.Remarks -- References -- 5.Cellular Localization -- 5.1.Motivation -- 5.2.Cellular Networks -- 5.2.1.Cellular Network Structure -- 5.2.2.Cellular Positioning Methods -- 5.3.GSM, WCDMA and LTE Cellular Networks -- 5.3.1.GSM Cellular Networks -- 5.3.2.WCDMA Cellular Networks -- 5.3.3.3GPP LTE Cellular Networks -- 5.4.Conclusions -- References -- 6.Cooperative Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks: Centralized Algorithms -- 6.1.Multilateration -- 6.1.1.Atomic Multilateration -- 6.1.2.Collaborative Multilateration -- Contents note continued: 6.2.Convex Optimization -- 6.2.1.Distance Constraints -- 6.2.2.Angular Constraints -- 6.3.Semi-Definite Programming -- 6.4.Linear Programming -- 6.4.1.Triangle Inequality Constraints -- 6.4.2.Location Reconstruction -- 6.4.3.Anchor Nodes -- 6.5.Multidimensional Scaling -- 6.5.1.Principal Component Analysis -- 6.5.2.Computing the Centralized Inner Product Matrix -- 6.6.Monte Carlo Localization -- References -- 7.Cooperative Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks: Distributed Algorithms -- 7.1.Theoretical Bounds for Centralized and Distributed Cooperative Versus Non-Cooperative Positioning -- 7.2.Distributed Positioning Algorithms -- 7.3.Distributed Network Error Propagation -- 7.3.1.Belief Propagation -- 7.3.2.Correctness of Belief Propagation: Double Counting Problem -- 7.3.3.Non-parametric Belief Propagation -- 7.4.Link Selection -- 7.4.1.Practical Application: Firefighters -- 7.5.Conclusions -- References -- 8.Inertial Systems -- Contents note continued: 8.1.Limitations of GPS for Pedestrian Tracking -- 8.2.MEMS Sensors -- 8.2.1.MEMS Sensors for Navigation -- 8.2.2.Inertial Navigation Unit (INU) Orientation Estimation -- 8.2.3.Complementary Filters -- 8.2.4.Zero Velocity Updates -- 8.3.Inertial Systems for Pedestrian Tracking -- 8.3.1.Classical Filtering Methods -- 8.3.2.Torso-Mounted Systems -- 8.3.3.Velocity Sensors -- 8.3.4.Foot-Mounted Systems -- 8.3.5.Cell Phone Systems -- 8.4.Heading Correction -- 8.4.1.Magnetic Sensor Characterization -- 8.4.2.Magnetic Sensor Calibration -- 8.4.3.Inertial Navigation Unit (INU): Compass Fusion -- 8.5.Accuracy Metrics -- 8.6.Summary -- References -- 9.Localization and Mapping Corrections -- 9.1.Localization and Mapping Overview -- 9.2.Map Features -- 9.2.1.Optical Features -- 9.2.2.Inference-Based Features -- 9.2.3.Magnetic Features -- 9.3.Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Formulation -- 9.3.1.Kalman Filter -- 9.3.2.Particle Filter -- 9.3.3.Graph SLAM -- Contents note continued: 9.4.SLAM Implementation -- 9.4.1.Outlier Removal -- 9.4.2.Experimental Results -- 9.4.3.Map-Joining -- 9.5.Summary -- References
Beschreibung:	xii, 287 p. ill. (some col.) 24 cm
ISBN:	9781461418351 1461418356