Verfügbarkeit: Microbial biochemistry

Microbial biochemistry:

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Cohen, Georges N. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Dordrecht [u.a.] Springer 2014
Ausgabe:	3. ed.
Schlagworte:	Molekularbiologie Mikroorganismus Biochemie
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXVIII, 611 S. graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9789401789073

Internformat

MARC


LEADER	00000nam a2200000 c 4500
001	BV041849226
003	DE-604
005	20141118
007	t
008	140515s2014 gw d\|\|\| \|\|\|\| 00\|\|\| eng d
020			\|a 9789401789073 \|9 978-94-017-8907-3
035			\|a (OCoLC)897004398
035			\|a (DE-599)BVBBV041849226
040			\|a DE-604 \|b ger \|e rakddb
041	0		\|a eng
044			\|a gw \|c XA-DE-BE
049			\|a DE-11 \|a DE-29T \|a DE-20
084			\|a WF 1350 \|0 (DE-625)148326: \|2 rvk
100	1		\|a Cohen, Georges N. \|e Verfasser \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Microbial biochemistry \|c G.N. Cohen
250			\|a 3. ed.
264		1	\|a Dordrecht [u.a.] \|b Springer \|c 2014
300			\|a XXVIII, 611 S. \|b graph. Darst.
336			\|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|b n \|2 rdamedia
338			\|b nc \|2 rdacarrier
650	0	7	\|a Molekularbiologie \|0 (DE-588)4039983-7 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Mikroorganismus \|0 (DE-588)4039226-0 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Biochemie \|0 (DE-588)4006777-4 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
689	0	0	\|a Mikroorganismus \|0 (DE-588)4039226-0 \|D s
689	0	1	\|a Biochemie \|0 (DE-588)4006777-4 \|D s
689	0		\|5 DE-604
689	1	0	\|a Mikroorganismus \|0 (DE-588)4039226-0 \|D s
689	1	1	\|a Molekularbiologie \|0 (DE-588)4039983-7 \|D s
689	1		\|8 1\p \|5 DE-604
776	0	8	\|i Erscheint auch als \|n Online-Ausgabe \|z 978-94-017-8908-0
856	4	2	\|m HBZ Datenaustausch \|q application/pdf \|u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027293722&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA \|3 Inhaltsverzeichnis
999			\|a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027293722
883	1		\|8 1\p \|a cgwrk \|d 20201028 \|q DE-101 \|u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk

Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1804152194803433472
adam_text	Titel: Microbial biochemistry Autor: Cohen, Georges N Jahr: 2014 Contents 1 Bacterial Growth......................................................................................1 The Lag Phase............................................................................................1 The Exponential Phase..............................................................................2 Linear Growth............................................................................................2 The Yield of Growth..................................................................................3 Variation of the Growth Rate at Limiting Carbon Source Concentrations..........................................................................................4 Continuous Growth: The Chemostat..........................................................5 Advantages of the Continuous Exponential Culture..................................7 Diauxic Growth..........................................................................................8 Quorum Sensing and Quorum Quenching................................................10 Selected References..................................................................................12 2 The Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria and the Cytoplasmic Membrane..............................................................13 The Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria....................................13 The Cytoplasmic Membrane......................................................................15 Energy Generation....................................................................................16 ATP Synthase............................................................................................16 Subunit Composition of ATP Synthase......................................................17 ATP Synthesis in Archaea..........................................................................20 Selected References..................................................................................21 3 Peptidoglycan Synthesis and Cell Division............................................23 General Structure......................................................................................23 Assembly of the Peptidoglycan Unit........................................................24 Formation of UDP-MurNAc................................................................24 Peptide Addition..................................................................................24 The Membrane Steps................................................................................26 Assembly of the Murein Sacculus............................................................27 xiv Contents Penicillin Sensitivity..................................................................................27 Cell Division..............................................................................................27 Selected References..................................................................................30 4 Cellular Permeability................................................................................31 Accumulation, Crypticity, and Selective Permeability..............................32 ß-Galactoside Permease............................................................................33 Accumulation in Induced Cells: Kinetics and Specificity........................33 The Induced Synthesis of Galactoside Permease......................................37 Functional Significance of Galactoside Permease. Specific Crypticity....................................................................................38 Functional Relationships of Permease: Induction......................................40 Genetic Relationships of Galactosidase and Galactoside Permease....................................................................................................40 Galactoside Permease as Protein..............................................................41 Periplasmic Binding Proteins and ATP Binding Cassettes........................45 Phosphotransferases: The PTS System......................................................48 TRAP Transporters....................................................................................50 A Few Well-Identified Cases of Specific Cellular Permeability................51 Amino Acid Permeases........................................................................51 Peptide Permeases................................................................................52 Porins........................................................................................................52 Iron Uptake................................................................................................56 Conclusion................................................................................................57 Selected References..................................................................................57 5 AHosteric Enzymes....................................................................................59 Allosteric Inhibition and Activation..........................................................62 Polymeric Nature of Allosteric Enzymes. The model of Monod, Wyman and Changeux............................................................64 An Alternative Model................................................................................69 Probing Allostery Through DNA..............................................................70 Conclusion................................................................................................71 Selected References..................................................................................71 6 Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis and Glycogen and Cellulose Synthesis............................................................................73 Glycogen Degradation..............................................................................73 Glycolysis..................................................................................................73 Hexokinase............................................................................................75 Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase..........................................................75 Phosphofructokinase............................................................................76 Regulation of Phosphofructokinase in Bacteria....................................77 Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase....................................................77 Trióse Phosphate Isomerase..................................................................78 Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)....................78 Phosphoglycerate Kinase......................................................................78 Contents xv Phosphoglyceromutase........................................................................78 Enolase..................................................................................................79 Pyruvate Kinase....................................................................................79 L-Glucose Catabolic Pathway....................................................................80 Gluconeogenesis........................................................................................80 Fructose Bisphosphatase in Microorganisms........................................80 Glycogen Synthesis....................................................................................81 Glycogen Synthase................................................................................81 Control of Glycogen Biosynthesis............................................................82 Branching Enzyme................................................................................82 Cellulose Synthesis....................................................................................83 Selected References..................................................................................83 7 The Pentose Phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff Pathways....................85 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway................................................................85 The Enzymes of the Oxidative Phase........................................................85 Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase..................................................85 6-Phosphogluconolactonase..................................................................86 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating)......................86 Ribose Phosphate Isomerase................................................................86 The Enzymes of the Non Oxidative Phase................................................86 Transketolase........................................................................................87 Transaldolase........................................................................................88 Ribulose-5-Phosphate-3-Epimerase......................................................88 Regulation of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway..........................................88 The Entner-Doudoroff Pathway................................................................88 Selected References..................................................................................90 8 The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Glyoxylate Bypass....................91 The Origin of Acetyl CoA: The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex--------91 Overview of the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle....................................93 Origin of the Oxaloacetate........................................................................94 Citrate Synthase....................................................................................94 Aconitase (From Citrate to Isocitrate Through eis-Aconitate)............96 Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)..........................................................98 E. coli Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Kinase-Phosphatase........................100 a-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex............................................101 Succinyl CoA Synthetase......................................................................102 Succinate Dehydrogenase....................................................................103 Enmarase..............................................................................................105 Malaie Dehydrogenase..........................................................................107 Organization of the Enzymes of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle................108 The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Is a Source of Biosynthetic Precursors........................................................................110 The Anaplerotic Glyoxylic Pathway Bypass............................................110 Selected References..................................................................................112 113 113 113 116 117 117 118 118 119 120 121 122 122 123 124 127 127 128 128 128 129 133 134 134 135 136 137 139 139 140 140 141 141 141 143 145 147 149 151 151 152 ATP-Generating Processes: Respiration and Fermentation .. The Biological Oxidation of Organic Metabolites Is the Removal of Electrons........................................... Respiration........................................ Fermentation....................................... Acetone-butanol Fermentation......................... The Stickland Reaction............................... Ornithine Fermentation............................... Glycine and Proline Degradation....................... Threonine Degradation............................... Glutamate Degradation............................... Lysine Degradation.................................. Arginine Fermentation............................... Methionine Degradation.............................. D-selenocystine and D-cysteine Degradation.............. Selected References.................................... Biosynthesis of Lipids................................. Biosynthesis of Short Chain Fatty Acids.................... Biosynthesis of Long-chain Fatty Acids.................... Synthesis of acetyl CoA.............................. Synthesis of Malonyl CoA............................ From Malonyl CoA to Palmitate....................... Regulation of Yeast Fatty Acid Synthesis at the Genetic Level. .. Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthesis in Bacteria............... Biosynthesis of Triglycerides.......................... Biosynthesis of Phosphoglycerides..................... Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Synthase (CFA Synthase)......... Selected References.................................... Iron-Sulfur Proteins.................................. Iron-Sulfur Clusters.................................... 2Fe-2S Clusters..................................... 4Fe-4S Clusters..................................... 3Fe-4S Clusters..................................... Other Fe-S Clusters.................................. Biosynthesis of Fe-S Clusters............................. Iron-Sulfur Proteins.................................... Selected References.................................... The Archaea......................................... Chemical Characteristics of Archaea....................... Archaea: Fossil Record.................................. Economic Importance of the Archaea...................... Selected References.................................... Contents xvii 13 Methanogens and Methylotrophs..........................................................153 Methanogens and Methanogenesis..........................................................154 Reduction of C02....................................................................................154 Formylmethanofuran Dehydrogenase..................................................156 Formylmethanofuran: Tetrahydromethanopterin Formyltransferase................................................................................157 Methenyltetrahydromethanopterin Cyclohydrolase............................158 5, 10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin Dehydrogenase..................158 5, 10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin F420 Oxidoreductase..........159 The Methylreductase. Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase......................159 Simplification of the Methylreductase System........................................161 Structure of the Methylreductase............................................................162 Source of the Energy Needed for the Growth of Methanogens..............163 Biosynthesis of Some Cofactors Involved in Methanogenesis................163 Methanofuran......................................................................................163 Methanopterin......................................................................................164 Coenzyme M........................................................................................164 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreoninephosphate(Coenzyme B)....................165 Biosynthesis of Coenzyme F420 ........................................................167 Biosynthesis of Factor F430 ..................................................................167 Biosynthesis of Factor III....................................................................168 The Aerobic Formation of Methane....................................................168 Methylotrophs..........................................................................................169 Methanotrophs....................................................................................169 Metabolism of Methyl Compounds....................................................170 Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane........................................................171 Methylamine Dehydrogenase..............................................................171 Carbon Assimilation by Methylotrophs..............................................172 Carboxydotrophs....................................................................................174 Selected References................................................................................175 14 Enzyme Induction in Catabolic Systems..............................................179 The Specificity of Induction....................................................................179 De novo Synthesis of ß-galactosidase....................................................180 Constitutive Mutants................................................................................182 Pleiotropy of the Constitutive Mutants....................................................183 The Genetic Control and the Cytoplasmic Expression of Inducibility in the Synthesis of ß-galactosidase in E. coli. The Lac Repressor..........184 Operators and Operons............................................................................189 Selected References................................................................................193 15 Transcription: RNA Polymerase..........................................................195 The Synthesis of Messenger RNA. The Bacterial RNA Polymerase... 196 Termination of Transcription in Prokaryotes..........................................200 xviii Contents Yeast RNA Polymerases..........................................................................201 Archaeal RNA Polymerases....................................................................202 Transcription Termination and PolyA Tails............................................203 Selected References................................................................................203 16 Negative Regulation................................................................................205 Induction Is Correlated with the Synthesis of a Specific Messenger. .. 205 Isolation of the Lac Repressor................................................................207 The lac Operator Is a DNA Sequence....................................................211 Direct Observation of Transcription Factor Dynamics in a Living Cell........................................................................................216 Selected References................................................................................216 17 Enzyme Repression in Anabolic Pathways..........................................219 Description of the Phenomenon..............................................................219 Isolation of Derepressed (Constitutive) Mutants in Biosynthetic Pathways. The Use of Structural Analogues..........................................223 Replacement of Methionine by Selenomethionine in Proteins..............224 Selected References.............................................................................225 18 Positive Regulation................................................................................227 The Promoter Region..............................................................................228 Role of Cyclic AMP and of the CAP Protein in the Binding of RNA Polymerase to the Promoter Region..........................................229 The Synthesis and Degradation of Cyclic AMP......................................231 How Does Glucose Exert Its Inhibitory Effect on E. coli ß-galactosidase Synthesis?......................................................................232 Coordination of Bacterial Proteome with Metabolism by Cyclic AMP Signalling..................................................................233 Selected References................................................................................233 19 The Ribosomes, Translation, Chaperones and Chaperonins..............235 The Components of E. coli Ribosomes..................................................236 The Ribosomes of Eukaryotes and of Archaea......................................238 Post-translational Modifications of Ribosomal Proteins........................238 Mechanistic Aspects of Translation of Messenger RNA to Protein by Ribosomes..........................................................................................238 Chaperones and Chaperonins..................................................................241 Extraribosomal Functions........................................................................243 Selected References................................................................................244 20 The Genetic Code, the Transfer RNAs and the Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetases................................................247 The Genetic Code....................................................................................247 The Transfer RNAs..................................................................................251 Modulation of tRNA Function................................................................257 Selected References................................................................................258 Contents xix 21 Attenuation..............................................................................................261 Regulation of the trp Operon in Bacillus subtilis....................................265 General Remarks on Regulatory Mechanisms........................................266 Selected References................................................................................267 22 Regulation by RNAs and Ribos witches................................................269 Mechanisms of Riboswitches..................................................................272 Selected References................................................................................274 23 The Biological Fixation of Nitrogen......................................................275 Control of Nitrogenase Synthesis and Activity......................................278 Selected References................................................................................281 24 How Biosynthetic Pathways Have Been Established..........................283 Use of Isotopes........................................................................................283 Use of Auxotrophic Mutants..................................................................286 Enzymatic Analysis................................................................................287 Selected References................................................................................288 25 The Aspartic Acid Family of Amino Acids: Biosynthesis..................289 The Biosynthesis of Aspartic Acid and Asparagine................................289 Biosynthesis of Lysine from Aspartate Semialdehyde in Bacteria..........292 The Synthesis of Dipicolinic Acid, a Substance Present in the Spores of Gram-Positive Bacilli....................................................294 The Reduction of Aspartate Semialdehyde to Homoserine, the Common Precursor of Methionine and Threonine............................295 Biosynthesis of Methionine from Homoserine........................................296 S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) Biosynthesis..........................................300 Biosynthesis of Threonine from Homoserine..........................................302 Biosynthetic Threonine Dehydratase......................................................303 Isoleucine Biosynthesis..........................................................................304 Ectoine Biosynthesis..............................................................................305 Selected References................................................................................307 26 Regulation of the Biosynthesis of the Amino Acids of the Aspartic Acid Family in Enterobacteriaceae..............................309 A Paradigm of Isofunctional and Multifunctional Enzymes and of the Allosteric Equilibrium............................................................309 Two Aspartokinases in E. Coli................................................................310 The Threonine-Sensitive Homoserine Dehydrogenase of E. Coli ... 312 Isolation of a Mutant Lacking the Lysine-Sensitive Aspartokinase and of Revenants Thereof....................................................................312 Evidence That the Threonine-Sensitive Aspartokinase and Homoserine Dehydrogenase of E. Coli Are Carried by the Same Bifunctional Protein........................................................314 The Binding of Threonine to Aspartokinase I-Homoserine Dehydrogenase I..........................................................317 xx Contents The Binding of Pyridine Nucleotides to Aspartokinase I-Homoserine Dehydrogenase I..........................................................318 The Effects of Threonine on Aspartokinase I-Homoserine Dehydrogenase I Are Not Only due to Direct Interactions................318 The Allosteric Transition of Aspartokinase I-Dehydrogenase 1..........321 Aspartokinase II-Homoserine Dehydrogenase II....................................324 Aspartokinase III....................................................................................325 From Homoserine to Methionine........................................................326 From Threonine to Isoleucine..............................................................326 Multifunctional Proteins......................................................................327 Regulations at the Genetic Level............................................................329 The Threonine Operon........................................................................329 Regulation of the Lysine Regulon at the Genetic Level......................330 Regulation of Methionine Biosynthesis at the Genetic Level............331 The Methionine Repressor..................................................................332 The metR Gene and Its Product..........................................................337 The Regulation of Isoleucine Synthesis at the Genetic Level............337 Appendix: More on Régulons..................................................................338 Selected References................................................................................340 27 Other Patterns of Regulation of the Synthesis of Amino Acids of the Aspartate Family..........................................................................343 Concerted Feedback Inhibition of Aspartokinase Activity in Rhodobacter capsulatus (Formerly Rhodopseudomonas capsulata)................................................................................................343 Pseudomonads........................................................................................344 Specific Reversal of a Particular Feedback Inhibition by Other Essential Metabolites. The Case of Rhodospirillum Rubrum..................346 Archaea................................................................................................347 The Particular Case of Spore-Forming Bacilli....................................349 Some Other Cases................................................................................350 Conclusion..............................................................................................351 Selected References................................................................................351 28 Biosynthesis of the Amino Acids of the Glutamic Acid Family and Its Regulation..................................................................................353 The Biosynthesis of Glutamine..............................................................353 Biosynthesis of Glutamine. Cumulative Feedback Inhibition............353 Biosynthesis of Glutamine. The Covalent Modification of Glutamine Synthetase......................................................................355 Glutamine Synthetase Structure..........................................................356 Reversible Adenylylation of the Glutamine Synthetase......................358 Regulation of Glutamine Synthetase Activity by Covalent Adenylylation..................................................................360 The Regulation of the Synthesis of Glutamine Synthetase Also Involves the Two Forms of PII and UTase/UR............................362 Glutamine Synthetase in Other Microorganisms................................363 Contents xxi The Biosynthesis of Glutamate..............................................................365 Glutamate Dehydrogenase..................................................................365 Glutamate Synthase............................................................................365 Glutamate Decarboxylase....................................................................366 Biosynthesis of Proline............................................................................367 In Enterobacteriaceae..........................................................................367 In Other Genera..................................................................................368 Utilization of Proline..........................................................................369 Degradation of Hydroxyproline..........................................................369 The Biosynthesis of Arginine and Polyamines........................................369 Biosynthesis of Arginine....................................................................369 Regulation of Arginine Biosynthesis at the Transcriptional Level... 373 The Arginine Repressor......................................................................373 Polyamine Biosynthesis......................................................................374 Utilization of Arginine as Sole Nitrogen Source by B. Subtilis..........378 Nitric Oxide Synthase in Bacteria..........................................................378 The Biosynthesis of Lysine in Yeasts and Molds....................................379 The Aminoadipic Acid Pathway..........................................................380 Selected References................................................................................383 29 Biosynthesis of Amino Acids Derived from Phosphoglyceric Acid and Pyruvic Acid..........................................................................387 Biosynthesis of Glycine and Serine........................................................387 Regulation of Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase at the Transcriptional Level................................................................390 Biosynthesis of Cysteine........................................................................390 O-acetylation of Serine........................................................................392 Cysteine Synthesis in Methanogens....................................................392 Allosteric Regulation of Cysteine Synthesis......................................394 Regulation of Cysteine Synthesis at the Genetic Level......................394 Biosynthesis of Alanine..........................................................................395 Biosynthesis of Valine............................................................................396 Biosynthesis of Leucine..........................................................................398 Isoleucine Synthesis from Pyruvate........................................................400 Regulation of Valine, Isoleucine and Leucine Biosynthesis....................400 Selected References................................................................................402 30 Selenocysteine and Selenoproteins........................................................405 Outlook....................................................................................................405 Selenium Binding Protein........................................................................406 Enzymes Containing Selenocysteine......................................................406 Formate Dehydrogenases....................................................................406 The Glycine Reductase Complex........................................................407 The Nicotinic Acid Hydroxylase of Clostridium barken....................408 Hydrogenases......................................................................................409 Xanthine Dehydrogenase....................................................................409 Acetoacetyl CoA Thiolase..................................................................409 xxii Contents Gene Products Involved in Selenocysteine Biosynthesis and Incorporation................................................................................410 Selenocysteine Synthase......................................................................410 Selenophosphate Synthetase................................................................410 Selenocysteine Lyase..........................................................................411 Selenocysteyl tRNA............................................................................411 Insertion Sequences (SECIS Elements)..............................................412 Selenocysteine and Archaea................................................................413 Biochemical Function of the Selenocysteine Residue in Catalysis .. 413 Selected References................................................................................414 31 Biosynthesis of Aromatic Amino Acids and Its Regulation................415 The Common Pathway (Shikimic Pathway)............................................415 Formation of Shikimic Acid................................................................415 Formation of Chorismic Acid..............................................................419 Physiological Aspects of the Regulation of the Common Pathway .. 421 Characteristics of the Common Pathway in Several Organisms..........422 Biosynthesis of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine from Chorismic Acid.. .. 423 The tyrR regulon..................................................................................425 Regulation of the pheA Gene by Attenuation......................................426 Other Organisms. The Arogenate Pathway of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Biosynthesis..................................................................426 Aspartate as a Presursor of Aromatic Amino Acids............................427 The Biosynthesis of Tryptophan from Chorismic Acid..........................428 Anthranilate Synthase-Anthranilate Phosphoribosyltransferase .... 428 Phosphoribosylanthranilate Isomerase-Indoleglycerophosphate Synthase..............................................................................................429 Tryptophan Synthase..........................................................................430 Regulation of Tryptophan Biosynthesis at the Genetic Level. The Tryptophan Repressor..................................................................434 A Unitary Model for Induction and Repression..................................436 Isolation of the Trp Repressor............................................................436 Enterochelin (Enterobactin) Biosynthesis..............................................438 The Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid....................................438 Selected References................................................................................440 32 The Biosynthesis of Histidine and Its Regulation................................443 Regulation of Histidine Biosynthesis at the Genetic Level....................446 Synthesis of Diphthamide, a Modified Histidine, by Archaea................451 Selected References................................................................................452 33 The Biosynthesis of Nucleotides............................................................453 The Biosynthesis of Pyrimidine Nucleotides..........................................453 Synthesis of 5-Phosphoribosyl-l-Pyrophosphate (PRPP)..................453 Synthesis of Carbamylphosphate........................................................454 Synthesis of Cytidine and Uridine Triphosphates..............................456 Contents xxiii Direct Utilization of Pyrimidines and of Their Derivatives................459 Aspartate Transcarbamylase of E. coli................................................459 Regulation of Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis at the Genetic Level............................................................................466 The Biosynthesis of Purine Nucleotides..................................................467 Biosynthesis of 5-Amino-4-Imidazole Carboxamide Ribonucleotide....................................................................................467 Synthesis of Inosinic Acid..................................................................470 Synthesis of Guanylic and Adenylic Acids........................................471 Remarks on the Control of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis..............472 From Nucleoside Monophosphates to Nucleoside Diphosphates and Triphosphates................................................................................474 Selected References................................................................................475 34 The Biosynthesis of Deoxyribonucleotides..........................................477 The Formation of Deoxyribonucleoside Diphosphates from Ribose Nucleoside Diphosphates..................................................477 The Ribosenucleoside Diphosphate (NDP) Reductase System of E. coli ................................................................................................478 Thioredoxin and Thioredoxin Reductase............................................478 Ribonucleoside Reductase..................................................................480 Regulation of the Activity of Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase................................................................................................482 dCMP Deaminase and Thymidylate Synthase........................................484 dUTPase..................................................................................................486 The Ribonucleoside Phosphate Reductase of Other Organisms............486 A Ribonucleotide Triphosphate Reductase Reaction in E. coli Grown Under Anaerobic Conditions......................................................487 The Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleoside Triphosphates from the Diphosphates............................................................................488 Organization of DNA Precursor Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells..............488 Selected References................................................................................489 35 Biosynthesis of Some Water-Soluble Vitamins and of Their Coenzyme Forms..............................................................491 Biosynthesis of Thiamin and Cocarboxylase..........................................491 Control of Thiamin Biosynthesis............................................................494 Biosynthesis of Riboflavin......................................................................495 Biosynthesis of Nicotinamide, NAD+ and NADP+..................................498 Regulation of the Biosynthesis of Nicotinamide and Its Derivatives... 501 NAD+ and the ADP-Ribosylation of Proteins........................................501 Biosynthesis of Para-aminobenzoic Acid, of Folic Acid and Its Derivatives....................................................................................502 Biosynthesis of Vitamin B6 Ppyridoxine, and of Its Derivatives, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine and Pyridoxal Phosphate................................506 Biosynthesis of Biotin, Biotin C02, and Biocytin..................................508 xxjv Contents The Biotin Operon and Its Repressor......................................................512 Biosynthesis of Lipoic Acid....................................................................513 Biosynthesis of Pantothenate and Coenzyme A......................................515 The Synthesis of Pantothenic Acid......................................................515 The Synthesis of Coenzyme A from Pantothenic Acid......................516 The Acyl Carrier Protein......................................................................517 The Biosynthesis of Inositol....................................................................517 The Degradation of Myo inositol by Bacillus subtilis........................518 Biosynthesis of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone............................................519 Selected References................................................................................521 36 Biosynthesis of Carotene, Vitamin A, Sterols, Ubiquinones and Menaquinones..................................................................................523 Synthesis of the Common Precursor......................................................523 The Non-mevalonate Pathway of Isoprenoid Precursor (Dimethylallyl Pyrophosphate) Biosynthesis..........................................525 Synthesis of ß-Carotene, Carotenoids and Vitamin A............................527 Synthesis of the Carotenoids..............................................................527 Regulation of Carotenoid Synthesis....................................................530 Synthesis of Vitamin A........................................................................531 Synthesis of Sterols................................................................................531 The Biosynthesis of Ubiquinones and Menaquinones............................533 Selected References................................................................................537 37 Biosynthesis of the Tetrapyrrole Ring System....................................539 Synthesis of Protoporphyrin....................................................................539 Synthesis of Heme from Protoporphyrin................................................544 Heme Biosynthesis in Archaea................................................................545 Synthesis of Chlorophyll from Protoporphyrin......................................546 Biosynthesis of the Phycobilin Chromophores. Chromatic Adaptation............................................................................548 A Type of Chromatic Adaptation Under Conditions of Sulfur Starvation................................................................................552 Selected References................................................................................553 38 Biosynthesis of Cobalamins Including Vitamin B12............................555 Cobinamide Biosynthesis........................................................................559 From GDP-Cobinamide to Cobalamin....................................................561 Elucidation of the Anaerobic Pathway for the Corrin Component of Vitamin B12..........................................................................................563 Selected References................................................................................564 39 Interactions Between Proteins and DNA..............................................567 DNA-Binding Proteins............................................................................567 Study of the Protein-DNA Complexes....................................................570 Some Other Types of DNA-Binding Proteins........................................575 Selected References................................................................................578 Contents xxv 40 Evolution of Biosynthetic Pathways......................................................579 Principles of Protein Evolution................................................................579 Two Theories for the Evolution of Biosynthetic Pathways....................579 The Methionine and Cysteine Biosynthetic Pathways............................580 The Threonine, Isoleucine, Cysteine and Tryptophan Biosynthetic Pathways..................................................................................................583 The Evolutionary Pathway Leading to the Three Isofunctional Aspartokinases in Escherichia coli..........................................................588 The Aspartokinase and Homoserine Dehydrogenase Activities of Microorganisms Other Than Enterobacteriaceae................................592 Transmembrane Facilitators....................................................................595 DNA-Binding Regulator Proteins............................................................595 Selected References ...............................................................................596 Index................................................................................................................599
any_adam_object	1
author	Cohen, Georges N.
author_facet	Cohen, Georges N.
author_role	aut
author_sort	Cohen, Georges N.
author_variant	g n c gn gnc
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV041849226
classification_rvk	WF 1350
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)897004398 (DE-599)BVBBV041849226
discipline	Biologie
edition	3. ed.
format	Book
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01675nam a2200433 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV041849226</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20141118 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">140515s2014 gw d\|\|\| \|\|\|\| 00\|\|\| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9789401789073</subfield><subfield code="9">978-94-017-8907-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)897004398</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV041849226</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">XA-DE-BE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29T</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">WF 1350</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)148326:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cohen, Georges N.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Microbial biochemistry</subfield><subfield code="c">G.N. Cohen</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3. ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Dordrecht [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XXVIII, 611 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Molekularbiologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039983-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Mikroorganismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039226-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Biochemie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006777-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mikroorganismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039226-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Biochemie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006777-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mikroorganismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039226-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Molekularbiologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039983-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-94-017-8908-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027293722&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027293722</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="883" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="a">cgwrk</subfield><subfield code="d">20201028</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-101</subfield><subfield code="u">https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
id	DE-604.BV041849226
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-10T01:06:51Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9789401789073
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027293722
oclc_num	897004398
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-11 DE-29T DE-20
owner_facet	DE-11 DE-29T DE-20
physical	XXVIII, 611 S. graph. Darst.
publishDate	2014
publishDateSearch	2014
publishDateSort	2014
publisher	Springer
record_format	marc
spelling	Cohen, Georges N. Verfasser aut Microbial biochemistry G.N. Cohen 3. ed. Dordrecht [u.a.] Springer 2014 XXVIII, 611 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Molekularbiologie (DE-588)4039983-7 gnd rswk-swf Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd rswk-swf Biochemie (DE-588)4006777-4 gnd rswk-swf Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 s Biochemie (DE-588)4006777-4 s DE-604 Molekularbiologie (DE-588)4039983-7 s 1\p DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-94-017-8908-0 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027293722&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk
spellingShingle	Cohen, Georges N. Microbial biochemistry Molekularbiologie (DE-588)4039983-7 gnd Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Biochemie (DE-588)4006777-4 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4039983-7 (DE-588)4039226-0 (DE-588)4006777-4
title	Microbial biochemistry
title_auth	Microbial biochemistry
title_exact_search	Microbial biochemistry
title_full	Microbial biochemistry G.N. Cohen
title_fullStr	Microbial biochemistry G.N. Cohen
title_full_unstemmed	Microbial biochemistry G.N. Cohen
title_short	Microbial biochemistry
title_sort	microbial biochemistry
topic	Molekularbiologie (DE-588)4039983-7 gnd Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Biochemie (DE-588)4006777-4 gnd
topic_facet	Molekularbiologie Mikroorganismus Biochemie
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027293722&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT cohengeorgesn microbialbiochemistry

Verfügbarkeit

Es ist kein Print-Exemplar vorhanden.

Fernleihe Bestellen Achtung: Nicht im THWS-Bestand! Inhaltsverzeichnis

MARC

Datensatz im Suchindex

Es ist kein Print-Exemplar vorhanden.

Ähnliche Einträge