Imaging of white matter lesions:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia, Pa.
Elsevier
2014
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Radiologic clinics of North America
52,2 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index Myelin, myelination, and corresponding magnetic resonance imaging changes -- A pattern approach to focal white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging -- An imaging approach to diffuse white matter changes -- Imaging manifestations of the leukodystrophies, inherited disorders of white matter -- Advances in multiple sclerosis and its variants: conventional and newer imaging techiques -- Secondary demyelination disorders and destruction of white matter -- Viral infections and white matter lesions -- Neuroimaging of vascular dementia -- Metabolic white matter diseases and the utility of MR sepctroscopy -- Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: technique, anatomy, and pathologic patterns -- Imaging approach to the cord T2 hyperintensity (myelopathy) |
| Beschreibung: | XII S., S. 227 - 454 zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780323287203 0323287204 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Imaging of white matter lesions |c ed. Sangam Kanekar |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Radiologic clinics of North America |v 52,2 | |
| 490 | 0 | |a Clinics review articles | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 500 | |a Myelin, myelination, and corresponding magnetic resonance imaging changes -- A pattern approach to focal white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging -- An imaging approach to diffuse white matter changes -- Imaging manifestations of the leukodystrophies, inherited disorders of white matter -- Advances in multiple sclerosis and its variants: conventional and newer imaging techiques -- Secondary demyelination disorders and destruction of white matter -- Viral infections and white matter lesions -- Neuroimaging of vascular dementia -- Metabolic white matter diseases and the utility of MR sepctroscopy -- Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: technique, anatomy, and pathologic patterns -- Imaging approach to the cord T2 hyperintensity (myelopathy) | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Brain / Abnormalities / Magnetic resonance imaging | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Brain / Diseases / Diagnosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cerebrum / Abnormalities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Brain Diseases / Diagnosis | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804152138858758144 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Imaging of white matter lesions
Autor: Kanekar, Sangam G
Jahr: 2014
Imaging of White Matter Lesions
Contents
Preface: Imaging of White Matter Lesions xi
Sangam Kanekar
Myelin, Myelination, and Corresponding Magnetic Resonance Imaging Changes 227
Saurabh Guleria and Teresa Gross Kelly
Accurate diagnosis of white matter diseases requires a thorough understanding of
white matter maturation. These maturational changes are complex and require
knowledge of the histologic background and time course of development. This
article reviews the in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of myelination
with emphasis on the appearance of different regions of the brain using various pulse
sequences at different developmental time points. The appearance of white matter,
using the MR pulse sequences that have been shown to be most useful during the
stages of myelination, is also discussed.
A Pattern Approach to Focal White Matter Hyperintensities on Magnetic Resonance
Imaging 241
Sangam Kanekar and Puneet Devgun
Evaluation of focal white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging in
any age group is always challenging because the cause of these hyperintensities
varies extensively. Understanding the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and
associated Imaging findings can allow the radiologist to limit the differential diag-
nosis. A specific Imaging approach including age, pattern of distribution, signal
characteristics on various sequences, enhancement pattern, and other ancillary
findings helps to identify a correct cause for these hyperintensities. This article pro-
vides a pattern approach to differentiate various common and a few uncommon
diseases presenting as focal white matter hyperintensities.
An Imaging Approach to Diffuse White Matter Changes 263
Nilesh K. Desai and Mark E. Mullins
White matter disorders represent a large, heterogeneous group of disorders that
span the continuum of congenital metabolic disorders to acquired processes,
such as chronic ischemic microvascular white matter disease. Magnetic resonance
imaging has dramatically revolutionized the diagnostic evaluation of patients with
these disease processes.
Imaging Manifestations of the Leukodystrophies, Inherited Disorders of White Matter 279
Edward Yang and Sanjay P. Prabhu
The leukodystrophies are a diverse set of inherited white matter disorders and are
uncommonly encountered by radiologists in everyday practice. As a result, it is
challenging to recognize these disorders and to provide a useful differential for the
referring physician. In this article, leukodystrophies are reviewed from the perspec-
tive of 4 imaging patterns: global myelination delay, periventricular/deep white
matter predominant, subcortical white matter predominant, and mixed white/gray
vi
Contents
matter involvement patterns. Special emphasis is placed on pattern recognition and
unusual combinations of findings that may suggest a specific diagnosis.
Advances in Multiple Sclerosis and its Variants: Conventional and Newer Imaging
Techniques 321
Timothy R. Miller, Suyash Mohan, Asim F. Choudhri, Dheeraj Gandhi, and Gaurav Jindal
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its variants are inflammatory as well as neurodegenera-
tive diseases that diffusely affect the central nervous system (CNS). There is a poor
correlation between traditional imaging findings and symptoms in patients with
MS. Current research in conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of MS
and related diseases includes optimization of hardware and pulse sequences and
the development of automated and semiautomated techniques to measure and
quantify disease burden. Advanced nonconventional MR techniques such as diffu-
sion tensor and functional MR imaging probe the changes found in the CNS, and
correlate these findings with clinical measures of disease.
Secondary Demyelination Disorders and Destruction of White Matter 337
Michael Ryan, Mohannad Ibrahim, and Hemant A. Parmar
Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system are characterized by the
breakdown of myelin, with or without preservation of the associated axons. Primary
demyelinating diseases typically involve loss of myelin with relative sparing of axons.
Secondary demyelinating disorders represent a spectrum of white matter disease
characterized by damage to neurons or axons with the resultant breakdown of my-
elin. The pathologic changes seen in secondary demyelinating disorders are varied,
ranging from pure demyelination to necrosis with subsequent demyelination.
Secondary demyelinating diseases are associated with a wide variety of conditions,
including infections/vaccinations, nutritional/vitamin deficiencies, chemical agents,
genetic abnormalities, and vascular insult.
Viral Infections and White Matter Lesions 355
Toshio Moritani, Aristides Capizzano, Patricia Kirby, and Bruno Policeni
This article discusses imaging findings in virus-related infectious and noninfectious
encephalitis/encephalopathy with white matter involvement, as well as the differ-
ential diagnosis based on the characteristic distribution. Acute viral encephalitis/
encephalopathy is a medical emergency. Prompt introduction of treatment has
a significant influence on survival and the extent of permanent brain injury. Differ-
entiation between infectious and noninfectious central nervous system involvement
is paramount. Neuroimaging provides many clues for the specific diagnosis.
Understanding the underlying disorder and pathophysiology is important for the
interpretation of the images and therefore the treatment.
Neuroimaging of Vascular Dementia 383
Sangam Kanekar and Jeffrey D. Poot
When atrophy is seen on imaging in adult patients, it does not necessarily repre-
sent Alzheimer disease. Many cases of dementia or cognitive decline could be
caused by reversible or preventable diseases, such as vascular dementia. This
article familiarizes the physician with various types of vascular lesions leading
to dementia and cognitive decline and their imaging appearances. Neuroimaging
Contents v¡¡
plays an important role In identifying vascular lesions of the brain early, even
before the clinical manifestation of the cognitive decline symptoms and, thus,
can help to prevent or delay the symptoms related to the various vascular path-
ologic conditions.
Metabolic White Matter Diseases and the Utility of MR Spectroscopy 403
Macey D. Bray and Mark E. Mullins
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be useful as an adjuvant diagnostic
tool to traditional MR imaging of the brain. MRS can provide both quantitative and
qualitative information about white matter pathologic abnormality. It is important
to interpret MRS in conjunction with other clinical factors including but not limited
to additional diagnostic neuroimaging, history and physical examination findings,
and genetics.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Cerebral White Matter: Technique, Anatomy, and Pathologic
Patterns 413
Asim F. Choudhri, Eric M. Chin, Ari M. Blitz, and Dheeraj Gandhi
Diffusion tensor imaging is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that provides
insight into the anatomy and integrity of white matter pathways in the brain. Further
processing of these data can help map individual tracts, which can aid in surgical
planning. Understanding the basics of this technique can improve characterization
of white matter development and disorders.
Imaging Approach to the Cord T2 Hyperintensity (Myelopathy) 427
Allison M. Grayev, Jennifer Kissane, and Sangam Kanekar
In clinically suspected cases of myelopathy, magnetic resonance imaging without
and with gadolinium remains the modality of choice. The first and best imaging
approach in the evaluation of myelopathy is to identify whether the cause of myelop-
athy is compressive or noncompressive. The commonest imaging finding in myelop-
athy is either focal or diffuse cord hyperintensity on the T2-weighted magnetic
resonance images. Detailed clinical history, acuity of symptoms (acute vs insidious
onset), distribution of the signal abnormalities, including length of cord involvement,
specific tract involvement, and the region of the spinal cord that is affected, are very
useful in making the diagnosis.
Index
447
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:05:57Z |
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| language | English |
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| physical | XII S., S. 227 - 454 zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Radiologic clinics of North America |
| series2 | Radiologic clinics of North America Clinics review articles |
| spelling | Imaging of white matter lesions ed. Sangam Kanekar Philadelphia, Pa. Elsevier 2014 XII S., S. 227 - 454 zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Radiologic clinics of North America 52,2 Clinics review articles Includes bibliographical references and index Myelin, myelination, and corresponding magnetic resonance imaging changes -- A pattern approach to focal white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging -- An imaging approach to diffuse white matter changes -- Imaging manifestations of the leukodystrophies, inherited disorders of white matter -- Advances in multiple sclerosis and its variants: conventional and newer imaging techiques -- Secondary demyelination disorders and destruction of white matter -- Viral infections and white matter lesions -- Neuroimaging of vascular dementia -- Metabolic white matter diseases and the utility of MR sepctroscopy -- Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: technique, anatomy, and pathologic patterns -- Imaging approach to the cord T2 hyperintensity (myelopathy) Brain / Abnormalities / Magnetic resonance imaging Brain / Diseases / Diagnosis Cerebrum / Abnormalities Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Diseases / Diagnosis Kanekar, Sangam G. Sonstige (DE-588)1029700761 oth Radiologic clinics of North America 52,2 (DE-604)BV000003369 52,2 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027257929&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Imaging of white matter lesions Radiologic clinics of North America Brain / Abnormalities / Magnetic resonance imaging Brain / Diseases / Diagnosis Cerebrum / Abnormalities Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Diseases / Diagnosis |
| title | Imaging of white matter lesions |
| title_auth | Imaging of white matter lesions |
| title_exact_search | Imaging of white matter lesions |
| title_full | Imaging of white matter lesions ed. Sangam Kanekar |
| title_fullStr | Imaging of white matter lesions ed. Sangam Kanekar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging of white matter lesions ed. Sangam Kanekar |
| title_short | Imaging of white matter lesions |
| title_sort | imaging of white matter lesions |
| topic | Brain / Abnormalities / Magnetic resonance imaging Brain / Diseases / Diagnosis Cerebrum / Abnormalities Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Diseases / Diagnosis |
| topic_facet | Brain / Abnormalities / Magnetic resonance imaging Brain / Diseases / Diagnosis Cerebrum / Abnormalities Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Diseases / Diagnosis |
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