Holdings: International commercial arbitration

International commercial arbitration: 2 International arbitral procedures

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Born, Gary 1955- (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Austin [u.a.] Wolters Kluwer Law & Business 2014
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Physical Description:	XXXVIII, S. 1526 - 2893
ISBN:	9789041152213

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MARC


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adam_text	TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO SECOND EDITION VII ABOUT THE AUTHOR IX PARTH INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 1525 CHAPTER 11 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1528 §11.01 INTRODUCTION 1529 [A] JURISDICTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS AND NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1529 [B] ARBITRAL SEAT AND PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1530 [1] INTERNAL PROCEDURAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1531 [2] EXTERNAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS AND NATIONAL COURTS 1532 [C] SELECTION OF FOREIGN PROCEDURAL LAW GOVERNING ARBITRATION 1533 §11.02 JURISDICTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS AND NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1535 [A] JURISDICTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 1535 [B] JURISDICTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1535 §11.03 CONCEPT AND LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1536 [A] DEFINITION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1538 [B] PARTIES AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRAL SEAT 1541 [C] CONCEPT OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1541 [1] ARBITRAL SEAT IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 1543 [A] GENEVA PROTOCOL 1543 [B] GENEVA CONVENTION 1544 [C] NEW YORK CONVENTION 1545 [I] DRAFTING HISTORY OF NEW YORK CONVENTION 1545 [II] ARTICLE V(L) (D): RECOGNITION OF PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY 1549 [IN] ARTICLE V(L) (E): ARBITRAL SEAT AS EXCLUSIVE ANNULMENT FORUM WITH PLENARY ANNULMENT AUTHORITY 1550 [IV] ARTICLE V(L) (B): INTERNATIONAL DUE PROCESS LIMITS ON ARBITRAL PROCEDURE 1553 [V] ARTICLE 11(3): PRINCIPLE OF JUDICIAL NON-INTERFERENCE IN PENDING ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1553 [VI] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: INTERNATIONAL LIMITS ON MANDATORY PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1554 [VII] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: INTERNATIONAL LIMITS ON RECOGNITION OF MANDATORY PROCEDURAL REQUIREMEN TS OF ARBITRAL SEA T IN OTHER CONTRACTING STATES 1559 [D] EUROPEAN CONVENTION 1564 [E] INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION 1565 [2] ARBITRAL SEAT IN NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1566 [A] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 1567 TABLE OF CONTENTS [B] ENGLISH ARBITRATION ACT 1570 [C] SWISS LAW ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW 1571 [D] FRENCH CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1573 [E] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 1574 [F] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: ARBITRAL SEAT IN NATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW 1575 [D] INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PROCEDURAL ISSUES TYPICALLY GOVERNED BY LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1576 [1] EXTERNAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ARBITRATION AND NATIONAL COURTS 1576 [A] ACTIONS TO ANNUL ARBITRAL AWARDS 1577 [B] QUALIFICATIONS, APPOINTMENT AND REMOVAL OF ARBITRATORS BY NATIONAL COURTS 1577 [C] COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE AND INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL CONSIDERATION OF JURISDICTIONAL DISPUTES 1578 [D] COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL MEASURES IN AID OF ARBITRATION 1579 [E] COURT-ORDERED DISCLOSURE IN AID OF ARBITRATION 1579 [2] INTERNAL ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 1579 [A] STANDARDS OF PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS 1580 [B] TIMETABLE OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 1580 [C] DISCLOSURE AND DISCOVERY 1580 [D] CONFIDENTIALITY 1580 [E] CONSOLIDATION, JOINDER AND INTERVENTION 1581 [F] CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW APPLICABLE TO PARTIES UNDERLYING DISPUTE 1581 [G] WITNESS TESTIMONY AND OATHS 1581 [H] TRIBUNAL S REMEDIAL POWERS 1581 [I] PROVISIONAL MEASURES 1582 [J] FORM, PUBLICATION AND CORRECTION OF AWARD 1582 [K] RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF ARBITRATORS 1582 [1] RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF COUNSEL 1582 [ E ] MANDATORY APPLICATION OF LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1583 [1] MANDATORY APPLICATION OF ARBITRATION LEGISLATION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1583 [A] THEORETICAL BASIS FOR MANDATORY APPLICATION OF ARBITRATION LEGISLATION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1583 [B] MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1585 [2] DELOCALIZED OR A-NATIONAL ARBITRATIONS 1587 [3] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: MANDATORY APPLICATION OF ARBITRATION LEGISLATION OF ARBITRAL SEAT, SUBJECT TO INTERNATIONAL LIMITATIONS 1589 [F] DIMINISHED CONTEMPORARY PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE OF CHOICE OF ARBITRAL SEAT ON INTERNAL ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 1592 §11.04 LOCATION OF ARBITRAL SEAT NOT ORDINARILY AFFECTED BY HOLDING HEARINGS ELSEWHERE FOR CONVENIENCE 1596 §11.05 CHOICE OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1598 [A] DEFINITION OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1598 [ 1 ] PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1598 [2] PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION DISTINGUISHED FROM SUBSTANTIVE LAW GOVERNING PARTIES ARBITRATION AGREEMENT OR UNDERLYING CONTRACT 1600 [3] PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION DISTINGUISHED FROM ARBITRATION LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1602 [4] PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION DISTINGUISHED FROM ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 1603 [B] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES FOR SELECTING PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1604 [1 ] HISTORIC APPLICATION OF LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT AS PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1604 [2] CONTEMPORARY RECOGNITION OF PARTIES AUTONOMY TO CHOOSE PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1605 [A] AUTHORITIES RECOGNIZING PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1606 [B] LIMITATIONS ON PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1509 GARY B. BORN XIX [I] MANDATORY INTERNAL PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS 1609 [II] MANDATORY EXTERNAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK 1611 [3] NEW YORK CONVENTION LIMITS ON MANDATORY PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1612 [4] CHOICE OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT BY PARTIES 1613 [C] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S APPROACH TO SELECTION OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1615 [D] DETERMINING WHETHER PARTIES HAVE AGREED UPON CHOICE OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1616 [E] INTERPRETING PARTIES CHOICE OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1621 [1] HISTORIC APPLICABILITY OF LOCAL CIVIL PROCEDURE RULES OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1621 [2] CONTEMPORARY REJECTION OF APPLICABILITY OF LOCAL CIVIL PROCEDURE RULES OF ARBITRAL SEAT 1623 [3] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 1625 [F] RELEVANCE OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION TO ACTION TO ANNUL AWARD 1626 [G] NATIONAL COURT DECISIONS HOLDING THAT FOREIGN ARBITRATIONS ARE GOVERNED BY LOCAL PROCEDURAL LAW 1628 [H] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: SELECTION OF PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 1631 CHAPTER 12 SELECTION, CHALLENGE AND REPLACEMENT OF ARBITRATORS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 1636 §12.01 SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS 1638 [A] INTRODUCTION 1639 [B] PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRATORS UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 1642 [1] GENEVA PROTOCOL AND GENEVA CONVENTION 1643 [2] NEW YORK CONVENTION 1643 [A] ARTICLES 11(3) AND V(L) (D): PARTY AUTONOMY AND MANDATORY LAW 1643 [B] ARTICLES 11(3) AND V(L) (D): NATIONAL COURT DECISIONS 1647 [C] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS UNDER ARTICLES 11(3) AND V(L)(D) 1651 [3] EUROPEAN CONVENTION 1652 [4] INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION 1653 [C] PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRATORS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1654 [1] PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRATORS 1654 [2] MANDATORY LIMITATIONS ON PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRATORS 1659 [3] REMOVAL OF ARBITRATORS 1660 [4] ANNULMENT OF AWARDS 1660 [5] NON-RECOGNITION OF AWARDS 1661 [6] WAIVER OF RIGHT TO ARBITRATE 1662 [D] PARTY AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRATORS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 1662 §12.02 NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS 1664 [A] ROLE OF PARTY AUTONOMY IN SELECTING NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS 1664 [B] PROHIBITIONS AGAINST EVEN NUMBERS OF ARBITRATORS 1665 [C] SOLE ARBITRATOR 1669 [D] THREE-PERSON ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 1669 [E] UMPIRE AND TWO ARBITRATORS 1671 [F] FIVE-PERSON (OR LARGER) ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 1673 [G] OPTIMUM NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS 1674 [H] APPROACHES OF NATIONAL ARBITRATION STATUTES TO NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS WHERE PARTIES HAVE NOT AGREED 1675 [I] APPROACHES OF INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES TO NUMBER OF ARBITRATORS WHERE PARTIES HAVE NOT AGREED 1677 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS §12.03 PROCEDURES FOR SELECTING ARBITRATORS 1679 [A] SELECTION OF CO-ARBITRATORS BY PARTIES 1680 [1] PROCEDURES FOR SELECTING CO-ARBITRATORS 1680 [2] CRITERIA FOR SELECTING CO-ARBITRATORS 1682 [3] PARTIES CONTACTS WITH CO-ARBITRATORS PRIOR TO AND DURING CONSTITUTION OF TRIBUNAL 1685 [4] CONSEQUENCES OF PARTY PARTICIPATING IN CONSTITUTION OF TRIBUNAL ON SUBSEQUENT JURISDICTIONAL OBJECTION 1687 [B] PARTY S FAILURE TO SELECT CO-ARBITRATOR 1688 [1] FAILURE TO NOMINATE ARBITRATOR UNDER ARBITRATION AGREEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1689 [2] FAILURE TO NOMINATE ARBITRATOR UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1692 [A] NON-DEFAULTING PARTY S CO-ARBITRATOR TREATED AS SOLE ARBITRATOR 1693 [B] JUDICIAL APPOINTMENT OF DEFAULTING PARTY S CO-ARBITRATOR 1693 [C] SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1694 [1 ] SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR IN ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 1695 [2] SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR IN POST-DISPUTE DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN PARTIES OR CO-ARBITRATORS 1695 [3] ROLE OF CO-ARBITRATORS IN SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1698 [4] CONTACTS BETWEEN PARTIES AND PROSPECTIVE SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1702 [5] CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1702 [D] SELECTION OF SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR BY APPOINTING AUTHORITY 1703 [1] INTRODUCTION 1703 [2] UNCITRAL RULES 1706 [3] ICC RULES 1708 [4] LCIA RULES 1710 [5] AAA COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION RULES 1710 [6] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES 1711 [E] SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS BY NATIONAL COURTS 1712 [1] ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS BY NATIONAL COURTS 1712 [2] JUDICIAL APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS AS DEFAULT MECHANISM 1713 [A] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 1714 [B] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 1716 [C] FRENCH CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1718 [D] SWISS LAW ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW 1719 [E] OTHER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1719 [3] CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE JUDICIAL APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATOR IS AVAILABLE 1720 [A] NO AGREEMENT ON APPOINTMENT MECHANISM FOR SOLE OR PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1720 [B] PARTY S FAILURE TO APPOINT CO-ARBITRATOR 1721 [C] ARBITRATOR SPECIFIED IN PARTIES AGREEMENT WILL NOT OR CANNOT SERVE 1721 [D] APPOINTING AUTHORITY SELECTED BY PARTIES WILL NOT OR CANNOT ACT 1722 [E] APPOINTING AUTHORITY SELECTED BY PARTIES DOES NOT ACT EXPEDITIOUSLY 1723 [F] PARTIES AGREEMENT REGARDING APPOINTING AUTHORITY IS INDEFINITE OR INTERNALLY INCONSISTENT 1723 [G] PARTIES AGREEMENT TO APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATOR BY NATIONAL COURT 1725 [4] PROCEDURES FOR JUDICIAL APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS 1725 [5] CRITERIA FOR JUDICIAL SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS 1726 [6] CONSIDERATION OF JURISDICTIONAL CHALLENGES BY COURT REQUESTED TO APPOINT ARBITRATOR 1727 [7] FORUM SELECTION ISSUES AFFECTING APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS BY NATIONAL COURTS 1729 [F] SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 1733 [1] NEW YORK CONVENTION 1733 GARY B. BORN XXI [2] EUROPEAN CONVENTION 1734 [3] INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION 1735 [G] FORM REQUIREMENTS FOR AGREEMENT ON ARBITRATORS OR MEANS OF SELECTING ARBITRATORS 1736 [H] APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS IN MULTI-PARTY DISPUTES 1736 §12.04 RESTRICTIONS ON ARBITRATORS IDENTITIES 1737 [A] NATIONALITY OF ARBITRATORS 1737 [1] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 1737 [2] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION GUARANTEEING FREEDOM TO APPOINT FOREIGN ARBITRATORS 1739 [3] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROHIBITING APPOINTMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRATORS 1740 [4] INTERNATIONAL LIMITATIONS ON NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROHIBITING APPOINTMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRATORS 1741 [5] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION ENCOURAGING OR REQUIRINGJUDICIAL APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS WITH NEUTRAL NATIONALITY 1743 [B] OTHER LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY NATIONAL LAW ON ARBITRATORS IDENTITIES 1744 [1] ARBITRATOR MUST BE NATURAL PERSON 1744 [2] ARBITRATOR MUST HAVE LEGAL CAPACITY 1745 [3] ARBITRATOR MUST BE LEGALLY-QUALIFIED 1745 [4] ARBITRATOR MUST BE CAPABLE OF EXERCISING CIVIL RIGHTS 1745 [5] ARBITRATOR MUST NOT BE NATIONAL COURT JUDGE 1746 [6] POSSIBLE INAPPLICABILITY OF NATIONAL LAW LIMITATIONS TO INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS 1747 [7] INTERNATIONAL RESTRICTIONS ON NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION IMPOSING CAPACITY LIMITATIONS ON ARBITRATORS 1747 [C] PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY NATIONAL LAW ON PROCEDURE FOR SELECTING ARBITRATORS 1747 [D] CONTRACTUAL LIMITATIONS ON ARBITRATORS QUALIFICATIONS 1751 [1] NATIONALITY LIMITATIONS 1751 [2] LIST SYSTEMS 1752 [3] LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS 1752 [4] EXPERTISE AND ACCREDITATION REQUIREMENTS 1753 [5] LEGAL QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 1754 [6] PROHIBITIONS AGAINST LEGAL QUALIFICATION 1755 [7] COMMERCIAL MEN REQUIREMENTS 1755 [8] RELIGIOUS REQUIREMENTS 1755 [9] INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY REQUIREMENTS 1756 [10] CONSEQUENCES OF NONCOMPLIANCE WITH PARTIES AGREEMENT REGARDING ARBITRATORS QUALIFICATIONS 1756 [E] CHOICE-OF-LAW CONSIDERATIONS AFFECTING ARBITRATORS QUALIFICATIONS 1757 §12.05 INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY OF ARBITRATORS 1760 [A] INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1762 [1] STANDARDS OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1763 [A] NO LAWYER-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARBITRATOR AND PARTY 1763 [B] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 1764 [C] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 1765 [D] ENGLISH ARBITRATION ACT 1770 [E] FRENCH CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1772 [F] OTHER JURISDICTIONS 1773 [2] IMPARTIALITY VERSUS INDEPENDENCE 1775 [3] JUSTIFIABLE DOUBTS 1777 [A] STANDARD OF PROOF 1778 [B] OBJECTIVE STANDARD OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY 1780 [C] CHARACTER OF INQUIRY INTO PARTIALITY OR DEPENDENCE 1781 [4] APPEARANCE OF PARTIALITY OR DEPENDENCE 1783 XXII TABLE OF CONTENTS [5] STANDARDS OF INDEPENDENCE APPLICABLE TO ARBITRATORS AND JUDGES 1787 [6] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: NATIONAL LAW STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE 1793 [B] POSSIBLE APPLICABILITY OF DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE TO CO-ARBITRATORS AND PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 1796 [1] HISTORIC STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY FOR CO-ARBITRATORS 1797 [2] CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY FOR CO-ARBITRATORS 1798 [3] CONTEMPORARY U.S. STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY FOR CO-ARBITRATORS 1801 [4] CONTINUED POSSIBILITY FOR PARTIES TO AGREE ON NON-NEUTRAL CO-ARBITRATORS UNDER CONTEMPORARY U.S. PRACTICE 1805 [5] CRITICISM OF PRACTICE OF PARTY-NOMINATED CO-ARBITRATORS 1807 [6] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE FOR CO- ARBITRATORS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 1808 [C] ROLE OF PARTIES AGREEMENT IN DEFINING STANDARDS OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY 1814 [1] PARTIES AUTONOMY TO REQUIRE HEIGHTENED STANDARDS OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY 1814 [2] PARTIES AUTONOMY TO PERMIT REDUCED STANDARDS OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY 1815 [3] LIMITATIONS ON PARTIES AUTONOMY TO DEFINE STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE 1818 [D] APPLICABILITY OF DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE TO DISCLOSURE AND TO REMOVAL OR DISQUALIFICATION 1821 [E] APPLICABILITY OF DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE AT DIFFERENT PROCEDURAL STAGES OF ARBITRATION 1821 [F] APPLICABILITY OF DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE IN ACTIONS TO REMOVE ARBITRATOR AND ACTIONS TO ANNUL OR RECOGNIZE AWARD 1823 [G] CHOICE-OF-LAW ISSUES RELATING TO INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY OBLIGATIONS IMPOSED BY NATIONAL LAW 1824 [ 1 ] APPLICABILITY OF LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT IN ACTIONS TO REMOVE ARBITRATOR FOR LACK OF IMPARTIALITY OR INDEPENDENCE 1824 [2] APPLICABILITY OF LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT IN ACTIONS TO ANNUL AWARD BASED ON ARBITRATOR S LACK OF INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY 1826 [3] APPLICABLE LAW IN ACTION TO RECOGNIZE ARBITRAL AWARD 1827 [H] INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY OBLIGATIONS IMPOSED BY INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1828 [1] IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE OF ARBITRATORS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1828 [2] STATEMENTS OF INDEPENDENCE UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1831 [I] EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL IMPARTIALITY STANDARDS AND CHALLENGE MECHANISM UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LAW AND NEW YORK CONVENTION 1832 \|J] INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY OBLIGATIONS IMPOSED BY ETHICAL CODES AND GUIDELINES 1832 [1] 1977 AAA/ABA CODE OF ETHICS 1833 [2] 2004 AAA/ABA CODE OF ETHICS 1834 [3] ETHICAL CODES PRESCRIBED BY INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS 1836 [4] OTHER ETHICAL CODES APPLICABLE TO ARBITRATORS 1837 [5] IBA RULES OF ETHICS AND IBA GUIDELINES ON CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 1839 [A] IBA RULES OF ETHICS 1840 [B] IBA GUIDELINES ON CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 1841 [I] GENERAL STANDARDS: IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE 1843 [II] GENERAL STANDARDS: DISCLOSURES BY ARBITRATORS 1844 [HI] GENERAL STANDARDS: WAIVER 1845 FIV] PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: RED, ORANGE AND GREEN LISTS 1846 [V] APPLICATION OF GUIDELINES BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS AND NATIONAL COURTS 1851 [C] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: IBA GUIDELINES ASSESSED 1854 [K] RECURRENT FACTUAL CIRCUMSTANCES AND ISSUES RELATING TO IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE OF ARBITRATORS 1865 GARY B. BORN XXIII [L] DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS OF ARBITRATORS 1895 [1] DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS UNDER NATIONAL LAW 1896 [2] DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1904 [3] DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS UNDER IBA GUIDELINES 1906 [4] DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS UNDER OTHER ETHICAL GUIDELINES 1907 [5] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: SCOPE OF DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS 1907 [6] CONTINUING DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS 1910 [7] ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO INVESTIGATE 1911 §12.06 PROCEDURES FOR CHALLENGING AND REPLACING ARBITRATORS 1913 [A] PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF CHALLENGING ARBITRATORS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1914 [1] PROCEDURES FOR INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATORS 1915 [2] GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGING ARBITRATORS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1917 [3] WAIVER OF OBJECTIONS TO ARBITRATORS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1918 [4] NO REASONED DECISION BY APPOINTING AUTHORITY ON CHALLENGE 1921 [5] NO RIGHT OF PARTY UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES TO REMOVE CO-ARBITRATOR IT HAS NOMINATED 1922 [6] REPLACEMENT OF ARBITRATOR FOLLOWING REMOVAL OR RESIGNATION 1922 [B] PROCEDURES FOR CHALLENGING AND REPLACING ARBITRATORS UNDER NATIONAL LAW 1924 [1] LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL REMOVAL OF ARBITRATORS IN BOTH AD HOC AND INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATIONS 1924 [2] LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL REMOVAL OF ARBITRATORS, BUT ONLY IN AD HOC ARBITRATIONS 1926 [3] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION NOT PERMITTING INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATORS 1928 [4] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ARBITRATORS QUALIFICATIONS OR INDEPENDENCE/IMPARTIALITY 1932 [5] POWER OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL TO CONTINUE PROCEEDINGS DESPITE PENDING JUDICIAL CHALLENGE TO ARBITRATOR 1933 [6] NO RIGHT OF PARTY UNDER NATIONAL LAW TO REMOVE CO-ARBITRATOR IT HAS NOMINATED 1934 [7] NO JUDICIAL AUTHORITY TO REINSTATE ARBITRATOR WHO RESIGNS 1935 [C] GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGING AND REMOVING ARBITRATORS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1936 [1] LIMITED GROUNDS FOR INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL REMOVAL 1936 [2] EXPANSIVE GROUNDS FOR INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL REMOVAL 1937 [D] JURISDICTIONAL LIMITS ON NATIONAL COURTS THAT MAY ENTERTAIN JUDICIAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATORS 1938 [E] WAIVER OF OBJECTIONS TO ARBITRATOR S LACK OF INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY UNDER NATIONAL LAW 1939 [F] PARTIES OBLIGATIONS TO INVESTIGATE ARBITRATOR S LACK OF INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY UNDER NATIONAL LAW 1943 [G] AGREEMENTS EXCLUDING OR LIMITING INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATOR S INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY 1945 [1] INTERPRETATION OF AGREEMENTS EXCLUDING OR LIMITING INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATOR S INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY 1946 [2] VALIDITY OF AGREEMENTS EXCLUDING OR LIMITING INTERLOCUTORY JUDICIAL CHALLENGES TO ARBITRATOR S INDEPENDENCE OR IMPARTIALITY 1948 [H] JUDICIAL TERMINATION OF ARBITRATOR S MANDATE 1950 [I] REPLACEMENT OF ARBITRATOR FOLLOWING REMOVAL OR RESIGNATION 1951 [J] CONSEQUENCES OF REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT OF ARBITRATOR 1952 §12.07 TRUNCATED TRIBUNAL 1955 [A] TRUNCATED TRIBUNALS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 1956 [B] TRUNCATED TRIBUNALS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 1958 XXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 13 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS §13.01 INTRODUCTION §13.02 STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [A] STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS IN NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION [B] STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS IN INSTITUTIONAL RULES [C] CONTRACTUAL STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS: ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT [D] LEGISLATIVELY-CONFERRED STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [E] NO LAWYER-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP [F] ETHICAL CODES AND GUIDELINES FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [G] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS §13.03 INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT [A] NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT [B] FORMATION OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT [C] TERMINATION OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT AND RESIGNATION OF ARBITRATOR [D] CONTRACT WITH ARBITRAL INSTITUTION §13.04 OBLIGATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [A] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO RESOLVE PARTIES DISPUTE IN ADJUDICATORY MANNER [1] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATIONS OF IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE [2] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION OF DISCLOSURE OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS [3] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATIONS OF CARE, SKILL AND INTEGRITY [4] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION OF DILIGENCE [5] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO APPLY LAW [6] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION NOT TO DELEGATE DUTIES INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO CONDUCT ARBITRATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARTIES ARBITRATION AGREEMENT INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION OF CONFIDENTIALITY INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO PROPOSE SETTLEMENT INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S OBLIGATION TO COMPLETE HIS OR HER MANDATE [B] [C] [D] [E] §13.05 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] §13.06 [A] [B] [C] REMEDIES FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH OBLIGATIONS CLAIMS BY PARTIES AGAINST INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR LOSS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S RIGHT TO REMUNERATION TERMINATION OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S CONTRACT REMOVAL OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR PROHIBITION ON FURTHER APPOINTMENTS ANNULMENT OR NON-RECOGNITION OF ARBITRAL AWARD CRIMINAL LIABILITY RIGHTS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S RIGHT TO REMUNERATION INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S RIGHT TO COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S RIGHT TO IMMUNITY [ 1 ] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS [2] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION [A] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION OR JUDICIAL DECISIONS [B] SCOPE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION OR JUDICIAL DECISIONS 1962 1963 1964 1964 1966 1967 1969 1969 1971 1973 1975 1975 1980 1982 1984 1986 1986 1988 1991 1992 1995 1997 1999 2001 2002 2006 2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2025 2026 2027 2027 2028 2030 GARY B. BORN XXV [3] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2035 [4] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR IMMUNITY 2037 [D] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATOR S RIGHT OF CONFIDENTIALITY 2039 §13.07 ROLE OF PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 2040 [A] PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 2040 [1] PROCEDURAL DECISIONS 2040 [2] POWERS OF PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 2041 [ 3 ] CASTING VOTE OF PRESIDING ARBITRATOR 2042 [B] SECRETARY TO TRIBUNAL 2043 §13.08 CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND PROTECTIONS 2046 §13.09 PROPOSALS FOR LICENSING AND REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS 2047 CHAPTER 14 SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2051 §14.01 INTRODUCTION 2052 [A] IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2052 [B] MEANS OF SELECTING ARBITRAL SEAT 2053 §14.02 IMPORTANCE OF SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2055 [A] CONSIDERATIONS IN SELECTING ARBITRAL SEAT 2055 [1] CONTRACTING STATE UNDER NEW YORK CONVENTION 2056 [2] SUPPORTIVE NATIONAL ARBITRATION REGIME 2056 [3] STANDARDS FOR ANNULMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS 2058 [4] EFFECTS ON SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS 2059 [5] EFFECTS ON CHOICE OF PROCEDURAL AND SUBSTANTIVE LAWS 2059 [6] AVAILABILITY OF JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE 2060 [7] NEUTRALITY OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2061 [8] CONVENIENCE AND COST 2061 [9] LANGUAGE OF ARBITRATION 2062 [B] ARBITRAL SEATS COMMONLY SELECTED BY PARTIES 2064 §14.03 PARTIES AUTONOMY TO SELECT ARBITRAL SEAT 2067 [A] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2067 [B] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2069 [C] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 2070 [D] TERMS OF AGREEMENTS SELECTING ARBITRAL SEAT 2070 [E] AGREEMENT TO CHANGE ARBITRAL SEAT 2072 §14.04 INTERPRETATION AND VALIDITY OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2073 [A] DISPUTES OVER INTERPRETATION OF PARTIES AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2073 [B] CLAIMS THAT PARTIES AGREEMENT IS SUBSTANTIVELY INVALID 2075 [1] INCONVENIENT ARBITRAL SEAT 2076 [2] CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES AFFECTING ARBITRAL SEAT 2080 [3] OTHER GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGING AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2084 [4] INTERNALLY-CONTRADICTORY SPECIFICATIONS OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2086 [5] FORM REQUIREMENTS FOR AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2087 [6] REMEDIES IN CASES INVOLVING DEFECTIVE, NONEXISTENT, OR INVALID SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2088 §14.05 CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING INTERPRETATION AND VALIDITY OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2088 §14.06 ALLOCATION OF COMPETENCE OVER DISPUTES CONCERNING VALIDITY OR INTERPRETATION OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2089 [A] ALLOCATION OF COMPETENCE OVER DISPUTES CONCERNING VALIDITY OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2089 TABLE OF CONTENTS [B] ALLOCATION OF COMPETENCE OVER DISPUTES CONCERNING INTERPRETATION OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2090 [C] ALLOCATION OF COMPETENCE OVER DISPUTES CONCERNING VALIDITY OR INTERPRETATION OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT WHERE PARTIES HAVE NOT INCORPORATED INSTITUTIONAL RULES OR AGREED UPON ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL OR ARBITRAL SEAT 2091 [D] JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DECISION BY ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL OR ARBITRAL INSTITUTION ON INTERPRETATION OR VALIDITY OF AGREEMENT ON ARBITRAL SEAT 2093 §14.07 SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION OR ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT BY PARTIES 2094 [A] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES PROVIDING FOR SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION 2095 [B] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES PROVIDING FOR SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT BY ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2096 [C] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT BY ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2097 [D] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES WITH PREFERENCE FOR PARTICULAR ARBITRAL SEAT 2099 [E] FACTORS RELEVANT TO ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S OR ARBITRAL INSTITUTION S SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2100 [F] JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DECISIONS BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION OR ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL DESIGNATING ARBITRAL SEAT 2102 §14.08 COMPETENCE OF NATIONAL COURTS TO SELECT ARBITRAL SEAT IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT BY PARTIES 2103 [A] NO GENERAL AUTHORITY UNDER MOST NATIONAL ARBITRATION STATUTES FOR NATIONAL COURT TO SELECT ARBITRAL SEAT IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT BY PARTIES 2104 [B] GENERAL AUTHORITY OF U.S. COURTS UNDER FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT TO SELECT ARBITRAL SEAT IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT BY PARTIES 2106 [1] POWER OF U.S. DISTRICT COURTS TO COMPEL ARBITRATION IN UNITED STATES UNDER §4 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2107 [2] POWER OF DISTRICT COURTS TO COMPEL ARBITRATION IN UNITED STATES OR ABROAD UNDER §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2111 [A] §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT AUTHORIZES U.S. COURTS TO COMPEL ARBITRATION IN FOREIGN ARBITRAL SEAT SPECIFIED IN PARTIES AGREEMENT 2111 [B] §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT DOES NOT APPLY IF NO ARBITRAL SEAT HAS BEEN SPECIFIED 2112 [C] UNCERTAINTY UNDER §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT AS TO AUTHORITY OF U.S. COURTS TO COMPEL ARBITRATION IN FOREIGN ARBITRAL SEAT SELECTED BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION OR ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2113 [I] LOWER U.S. COURTS HOLDING THAT §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT DOES NOT PERMIT ORDER COMPELLING ARBITRATION IN FOREIGN ARBITRAL SEAT SELECTED BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION 2113 [II] LOWER U.S. COURTS HOLDING THAT §206 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT PERMITS ORDER COMPELLING ARBITRATION IN FOREIGN ARBITRAL SEAT SELECTED BY ARBITRAL INSTITUTION 2115 [3] POWER OF U.S. DISTRICT COURTS TO COMPEL ARBITRATION IN PARTICULAR ARBITRAL SEAT UNDER §303 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2116 [4] U.S. DECISIONS INVALIDATING CHOICE OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL SEAT ON PUBLIC POLICY GROUNDS 2117 [5] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: ORDERS COMPELLING ARBITRATION IN SPECIFIED LOCATION UNDER FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2118 GARY B. BORN XXVII CHAPTER 15 PROCEDURES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2120 §15.01 INTRODUCTION 2123 [A] OBJECTIVES OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 2123 [B] DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ARBITRAL AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES 2130 §15.02 PARTIES AUTONOMY TO DETERMINE PROCEDURES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2130 [A] PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2131 [B] PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2132 [C] PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY TO SELECT INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2136 [D] PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2138 [E] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S OBJECTIONS TO PARTIES PROCEDURAL AGREEMENTS 2140 [1] PARTIES GENERAL PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY, NOTWITHSTANDING ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S OBJECTIONS 2141 [2] ARBITRATORS PROCEDURAL AUTHORITY TO REQUIRE COMPLIANCE WITH MANDATORY RULES OF PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS AND EQUALITY 2142 [3] ARBITRATORS PROCEDURAL AUTHORITY UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2143 [F] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION NOT RECOGNIZING PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY 2144 §15.03 ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S DISCRETION TO DETERMINE PROCEDURES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2144 [A] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S PROCEDURAL DISCRETION UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2145 [B] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S PROCEDURAL DISCRETION UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2146 [C] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S PROCEDURAL DISCRETION UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2149 §15.04 MANDATORY PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2154 [A] MANDATORY PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2154 [1] NEW YORK CONVENTION 2155 [A] ARTICLE II 2156 [B] ARTICLE V(L)(B) 2157 [C] ARTICLE V(L)(D) 2158 [D] ARTICLE V(2)(B) 2159 [2] OTHER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2162 [B] MANDATORY PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2163 [1] MANDATORY PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS: BASIC PRINCIPLES 2163 [2] EQUALITY OF TREATMENT 2170 [3] OPPORTUNITY TO BE HEARD 2175 [4] DEFERENCE TO PARTIES PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY AND ARBITRATORS PROCEDURAL DISCRETION 2180 [C] REPRESENTATIVE APPLICATIONS OF MANDATORY PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS 2184 [D] INTERNATIONAL LIMITS ON MANDATORY NATIONAL PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS 2186 §15.05 WAIVER OF PROCEDURAL RIGHTS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2186 §15.06 JUDICIAL NON-INTERFERENCE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2189 [A] PRINCIPLE OF JUDICIAL NON-INTERFERENCE UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2189 [1] NEW YORK CONVENTION 2189 [2] INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION 2191 [3] EUROPEAN CONVENTION 2191 XXVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS [B] PRINCIPLE OF JUDICIAL NON-INTERFERENCE UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2191 §15.07 PROCEDURAL CONDUCT OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2197 [A] NO GENERAL PROCEDURAL CODE FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS 2197 [B] NO MANDATORY APPLICATION OF DOMESTIC RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 2198 [C] ARBITRAL PROCEDURES UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2200 [D] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S EXERCISE OF DISCRETION OVER ARBITRAL PROCEDURES 2202 [1] TAILORING PROCEDURES TO PARTICULAR PARTIES AND DISPUTES 2202 [2] CIVIL LAW, COMMON LAW AND OTHER PROCEDURES 2204 [3] INTERNATIONALIZED AND HARMONIZED PROCEDURES 2207 [E] ARBITRAL PROCEDURES UNDER IBA RULES ON TAKING OF EVIDENCE 2210 §15.08 MAJOR PROCEDURAL STEPS LN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2213 [A] NOTICE OF ARBITRATION OR REQUEST FOR ARBITRATION 2213 [B] SERVICE OF REQUEST FOR ARBITRATION 2217 [C] RECEIPT OF REQUEST FOR ARBITRATION 2220 [D] REPLY AND COUNTERCLAIMS 2221 [E] CONSTITUTION OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2223 [F] CHALLENGES OF ARBITRATORS 2224 [G] PRESIDING ARBITRATOR S PROCEDURAL AUTHORITY 2224 [H] WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS WITH ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL DURING ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2225 [I] NO EX PARTE SUBSTANTIVE COMMUNICATIONS WITH TRIBUNAL 2226 \|J] PROCEDURAL ORDERS AND DIRECTIONS 2229 [K] JURISDICTIONAL OBJECTIONS 2230 [L] LANGUAGE OF ARBITRATION 2231 [M] INITIAL PROCEDURAL CONFERENCE 2233 [N] CASE MANAGEMENT 2235 [O] TIME LIMITS FOR ARBITRATION 2237 [P] PROCEDURAL TIMETABLE FOR ARBITRATION AND INITIAL PROCEDURAL ORDER 2240 [Q] ISSUE DEFINITION 2242 [R] BIFURCATION OR OTHER SEGMENTATION OF PROCEEDINGS 2243 [S] ICC TERMS OF REFERENCE 2245 [T] ADVANCE ON COSTS OR DEPOSITS 2247 [U] DISCLOSURE OR DISCOVERY 2249 [V] WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS 2250 [W] DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 2255 [X] WRITTEN WITNESS STATEMENTS 2257 [Y] INTRODUCTION OF NEW CLAIMS AND DEFENSES 2260 [Z] CUT-OFF DATE 2262 [AA] EVIDENTIARY HEARINGS 2263 [I] ORAL HEARING GENERALLY MANDATORY 2264 [2] SCHEDULING HEARINGS 2267 [3] PRE-HEARING PLANNING 2268 [4] HEARING LOGISTICS 2269 [5] STRUCTURE AND SCHEDULING OF HEARING TIME 2270 [6] PERMISSIBLE FACT WITNESSES 2275 [7] EXPERT WITNESSES 2277 [8] WITNESS TESTIMONY 2282 [9] CONDUCT OF WITNESS EXAMINATION 2284 [10] SEQUESTRATION OF WITNESSES 2288 [II] TRIBUNAL S ROLE AT EVIDENTIARY HEARING 2289 [12] WITNESS TESTIMONY UNDER OATH OR AFFIRMATION 2291 [13] HEARING TRANSCRIPTS OR MINUTES 2292 [BB] WITNESS-CONFERENCING 2292 [CC] LEGAL SUBMISSIONS 2293 [DD] DEMONSTRATIVE EVIDENCE 2294 [EE] ORAL LEGAL SUBMISSIONS 2294 GARY B. BORN XXIX [FF] POST-HEARING WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS 2296 [GG] CLOSING OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2296 [HH] EXPARTE PROCEEDINGS AND DEFAULT AWARDS 2297 [II] TERMINATION OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2300 [JJ] DELIBERATIONS OF ARBITRATORS 2300 [KK] MAKING AND NOTIFICATION OF AWARD 2304 [LL] COSTS OF ARBITRATION 2305 [MM] FAST-TRACK ARBITRATION 2306 §15.09 EVIDENTIARY RULES AND BURDEN OF PROOF 2306 [A] EVIDENTIARY RULES 2306 [B] BURDEN OF PROOF 2313 §15.10 ARBITRATORS AUTHORTIYTO IMPOSE SANCTIONS 2315 CHAPTER 16 DISCLOSURE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2319 §16.01 INTRODUCTION 2320 §16.02 DISCLOSURE POWERS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 2322 [A] DISCLOSURE POWERS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS DEFINED BY PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 2323 [B] DISCLOSURE POWERS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2325 [1] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 2325 [2] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2326 [3] ENGLISH ARBITRATION ACT 2329 [4] CIVIL LAW ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2330 [5] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S IMPLIED DISCLOSURE POWERS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2332 [6] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL NOT LIMITED TO DISCLOSURE POWERS OF LOCAL COURTS 2334 [7] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S DISCLOSURE ORDERS SUBJECT TO MINIMAL REVIEW 2335 [C] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S DISCLOSURE POWERS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2337 [D] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S DISCLOSURE POWERS GENERALLY LIMITED TO PARTIES TO ARBITRATION 2343 [E] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S EXERCISE OF DISCRETION TO ORDER DISCLOSURE 2343 [1] AVAILABILITY AND SCOPE OF DISCLOSURE: CIVIL LAW VERSUS COMMON LAW 2344 [2] NO AUTOMATIC RIGHT OF PARTIES TO REQUEST DISCLOSURE 2347 [3] DISCLOSURE MECHANISMS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2347 [A] DOCUMENT DISCLOSURE 2347 [I] NO AUTOMATIC RIGHT TO DISCLOSURE 2348 [II] COMMONLY-USED PROCEDURAL FRAMEWORKS FOR DOCUMENT DISCLOSURE 2348 [B] ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES AT EVIDENTIARY HEARING 2350 [C] INTERROGATORIES OR REQUESTS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 2352 [D] INSPECTIONS 2352 [E] DEPOSITIONS 2354 [F] PRESERVATION OR SAMPLING OF EVIDENCE 2357 [4] SCOPE OF DISCLOSURE: SPECIFICITY, RELEVANCE, MATERIALITY AND PROPORTIONALITY 2357 [A] SPECIFIC DOCUMENTS OR NARROW AND SPECIFIC CATEGORIES OF DOCUMENTS 2361 [B] RELEVANCE AND MATERIALITY 2362 [C] PROPORTIONALITY 2363 [D] DOCUMENT NOT IN POSSESSION, CUSTODY OR CONTROL OF REQUESTING PARTY 2364 [E] RELEVANCE OF BURDEN OF PROOF 2364 [F] POSSESSION, CUSTODY, OR CONTROL OF REQUESTED PARTY 2365 XXX TABLE OF CONTENTS [G] TIMING OF DISCLOSURE 2366 [H] PRESERVATION OF DOCUMENTS OR LITIGATION HOLDS 2368 [5] E-DISCLOSURE 2369 [6] PRIVILEGES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2375 [A] GENERAL PRINCIPLES 2375 [B] AVAILABILITY OF PRIVILEGES 2378 [C] LEGAL ADVICE 2379 [D] SETTLEMENT COMMUNICATIONS 2381 [E] CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING PRIVILEGE 2383 [F] INTERNATIONAL PRINCIPLES RELATING TO PRIVILEGE 2387 [7] CONFIDENTIALITY AND PROTECTIVE ORDERS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2387 [F] CONSEQUENCES OF PARTY S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S DISCLOSURE ORDER 2388 [1] SANCTIONS 2389 [2] JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRATORS DISCLOSURE ORDERS 2391 [3] ADVERSE INFERENCES 2391 [4] COUNSEL S PROFESSIONAL OBLIGATIONS 2394 [G] DISCLOSURE PROVISIONS IN ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS 2394 §16.03 ROLE OF NATIONAL COURTS IN OBTAINING EVIDENCE FOR USE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS 2395 [A] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN TAKING EVIDENCE IN CONNECTION WITH INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS 2396 [1] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 2396 [2] ENGLISH ARBITRATION ACT 2398 [3] OTHER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2399 [4] U.S. ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2400 [A] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE TO ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2401 [I] AVAILABILITY OF JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN OBTAINING EVIDENCE FROM NON-PARTIES UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2401 [II] AVAILABILITY OF PRE-HEARINGJUDICIAL ASSISTANCE UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2402 [HI] PARTIES AGREEMENTS ON SCOPE OF DISCLOSURE UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2404 FIVJ REQUEST BY PARTY FOR JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN EVIDENCE-TAKING UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2405 (1) U.S. JUDICIAL DECISIONS GRANTING DISCLOSURE APPLICATIONS UNDER §7 BY PARTY TO ARBITRATION IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES 2405 (2) U.S. JUDICIAL DECISIONS DENYING DISCLOSURE APPLICATIONS UNDER §7 BY PARTY TO ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2407 [V] TERRITORIAL LIMITATIONS OF SUBPOENAS UNDER §7 OF FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2408 [B] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE BY U.S. COURTS IN EVIDENCE-TAKING IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER §1782 2409 [I] FOREIGN OR INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNALS UNDER §1782 2410 [II] INTERESTEDPERSONS UNDER§1782 2414 [HI] APPLICATION OF§1782 IN U.S.-SEATEDARBITRATIONS 2416 [IV] DISCRETION TO ORDER DISCLOSURE UNDER §1782 2416 [V] PROCEDURES FOR PARTY S REQUEST FOR JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN EVIDENCE-TAKING 2419 [B] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN EVIDENCE-TAKING IN FOREIGN ARBITRATIONS 2419 [C] AGREEMENTS EXCLUDING JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN EVIDENCE-TAKING 2421 [D] APPLICABILITY OF HAGUE EVIDENCE CONVENTION TO EVIDENCE-TAKING IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2422 GARY B. BORN XXXI CHAPTER 17 PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2424 §17.01 INTRODUCTION 2426 §17.02 PROVISIONAL MEASURES ORDERED BY INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 2428 [A] ARBITRATORS AUTHORITY TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2428 [1] AUTHORITY OF ARBITRATORS TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2429 [2] EFFECT OF NEW YORK CONVENTION ON AUTHORITY OF ARBITRATORS TO ORDER PROVISIONAL MEASURES 2430 [3] AUTHORITY OF ARBITRATORS TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2431 [A] HISTORIC PROHIBITIONS AGAINST TRIBUNAL-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2432 [B] NATIONAL LEGISLATION RECOGNIZING POWER OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2433 [I] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW: ORIGINAL TEXT AND 2006 REVISIONS 2434 [II] SWISS LAW ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW 2436 [HI] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2436 [IV] ENGLISH ARBITRATION ACT 2438 [V] OTHER JURISDICTIONS 2439 [C] CONTEMPORARY LEGISLATION PROHIBITING ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL FROM ORDERING PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2440 [4] INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2440 [A] UNCITRAL RULES 2440 [B] ICC RULES 2442 [C] LCIA RULES 2443 [D] OTHER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2443 [5] LIMITATIONS ON ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S POWER TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2445 [A] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL LACKS POWER TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF AGAINST THIRD PARTIES 2445 [B] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL LACKS POWER TO DIRECTLY ENFORCE PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2446 [C] LIMITATION OF PROVISIONAL RELIEF TO SUBJECT MATTER OF DISPUTE 2448 [D] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL LACKS POWER TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNTIL TRIBUNAL IS CONSTITUTED 2450 [E] SPECIALIZED INSTITUTIONAL RULES FOR EXPEDITED PROVISIONAL RELIEF: PRE- ARBITRAL REFEREES AND EMERGENCY ARBITRATORS 2451 [B] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S IMPLIED AUTHORITY TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2454 [C] PARTIES AGREEMENT EXCLUDING ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S POWER TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2455 [D] AGREEMENTS REQUIRING PRE-ARBITRATION NEGOTIATIONS OR OTHER PROCEDURAL STEPS 2456 [E] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S AUTHORITY TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF IS NOT EXCLUSIVE: CONCURRENT JURISDICTION OF NATIONAL COURTS TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2456 [F] CHOICE OF LAW APPLICABLE TO ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S POWER TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2457 [G] ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S EXERCISE OF AUTHORITY TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2461 [1] INCREASED WILLINGNESS OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2461 [2] CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S EXERCISE OF AUTHORITY TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2463 [3] STANDARDS FOR PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2467 [A] PARTY AUTONOMY: CONTRACTUAL STANDARDS AND INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2467 [B] STANDARDS FOR PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2468 [I] RISK OF IRREPARABLE OR SERIOUS INJURY 2469 [II] URGENCY 2474 [HI] NO PREJUDGMENT OF MERITS 2477 [IV] PRIMA FACIE CASE OR PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS ON MERITS 2478 [V] PRIMA FACIE JURISDICTION 2481 TABLE OF CONTENTS [4] CATEGORIES OF PROVISIONAL MEASURES 2483 [A] ORDERS PRESERVING STATUS QUO 2484 [B] ORDERS PROHIBITING AGGRAVATION OF PARTIES DISPUTE 2488 [C] ORDERS REQUIRING SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTUAL OR OTHER OBLIGATIONS 2491 [D] ORDERS REQUIRING SECURITY FOR UNDERLYING CLAIMS 2492 [E] ORDERS REQUIRING SECURITY FOR LEGAL COSTS 2495 [F] ORDERS REQUIRING PAYMENT OF ADVANCE ON COSTS OR DEPOSIT 2497 [G] ORDERS FOR PRESERVATION OR INSPECTION OF PROPERTY 2497 [H] ENFORCEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2499 [I] ORDERS FOR INTERIM PAYMENT 2499 [J] ANTISUIT ORDERS 2501 [5] TRIBUNAL S DISCRETION REGARDING PROVISIONAL MEASURES 2503 [6] RELEVANCE OF PRIOR CONSIDERATION OF PROVISIONAL MEASURES BY NATIONAL COURTS 2504 [7] FORM OF PROVISIONAL MEASURES: ORDER OR AWARD 2506 [8] SECURITY AS CONDITION FOR PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2507 [9] SUA SPONTE PROVISIONAL MEASURES 2508 [10] EX PANE PROVISIONAL MEASURES 2508 §17.03 JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT OF PROVISIONAL RELIEF ORDERED BY ARBITRATORS 2511 [A] ARE PROVISIONAL MEASURES AWARDS ? 2512 [B] SPECIALIZED NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PERMITTING ENFORCEMENT OF PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2516 [C] FORUM SELECTION ISSUES IN ENFORCING PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2519 [D] SCOPE OF JUDICIAL REVIEW IN ACTION TO ENFORCE TRIBUNAL-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2519 [E] AVAILABILITY AND SCOPE OF JUDICIAL REVIEW IN ACTION TO ENFORCE PROVISIONAL RELIEF ORDERED BY EMERGENCY ARBITRATOR 2521 §17.04 PROVISIONAL RELIEF ORDERED BY NATIONAL COURTS IN AID OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2522 [A] INTRODUCTION 2522 [B] AUTHORITY OF NATIONAL COURTS TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2524 [1 ] COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNDER EUROPEAN CONVENTION 2524 [2] COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNDER NEW YORK CONVENTION 2524 [A] MCCREARY AND COOPER. JUDICIAL DECISIONS HOLDING THAT ARTICLE 11(3) FORBIDS COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2525 [B] URANEX AND PROGENY. JUDICIAL DECISIONS HOLDING THAT ARTICLE II (3) DOES NOT FORBID COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF ARBITRATION 2528 [C] AMENDMENT OF §7502 OF NEW YORK CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES 2531 [D] NON-U.S. JUDICIAL DECISIONS HOLDING THAT ARTICLE II (3) DOES NOT FORBID COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF ARBITRATION 2533 [3] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: PROPER APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 11(3) TO COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2533 [4] COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF UNDER ICSID CONVENTION 2537 [C] AUTHORITY OF NATIONAL COURTS TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2538 [1] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION GENERALLY AUTHORIZING COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2538 [A] UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 2538 [B] OTHER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2539 [C] U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2541 [2] LIMITATIONS ON COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2543 [3] RATIONALE FOR CONCURRENT JUDICIAL JURISDICTION TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF ARBITRATION 2544 GARY B. BORN XXXIII [4] PARTIES RIGHT TO SEEK PROVISIONAL RELIEF FROM BOTH ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL AND NATIONAL COURTS AND PREFERENCE FOR ARBITRAL FORUM 2545 [5] PARTIES AUTONOMY TO EXCLUDE COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2547 [6] APPLICATION FOR COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF DOES NOT ORDINARILY WAIVE RIGHTS TO ARBITRATE 2549 [7] CHOICE OF LAW APPLICABLE TO COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2551 [8] CHOICE OF FORUM FOR COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF? 2553 [A] NEW YORK CONVENTION IS SILENT AS TO NATIONAL COURT POSSESSING JURISDICTION TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2554 [B] FORUM SELECTION AGREEMENTS 2554 [C] NATIONAL LAW PERMITTING COURTS IN ARBITRAL SEAT TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF 2555 [D] NATIONAL LAW PERMITTING COURTS TO ORDER PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF FOREIGN ARBITRATION 2555 [E] JUDICIAL RESTRAINT IN ORDERING PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF FOREIGN ARBITRATION 2557 [9] RECOGNITION OF COURT-ORDERED PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2560 [D] AUTHORITY OF NATIONAL COURTS TO GRANT PROVISIONAL RELIEF IN AID OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2561 [E] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE IN TAKING EVIDENCE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2563 CHAPTER 18 CONSOLIDATION.JOINDERAND INTERVENTION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2564 §18.01 INTRODUCTION 2565 §18.02 MULTI-PARTY ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2570 [A] CONSOLIDATION, INTERVENTION AND JOINDER UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2570 [B] CONSOLIDATION, INTERVENTION AND JOINDER UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2573 [1] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION PURSUANT TO PARTIES ARBITRATION AGREEMENT 2573 [A] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER UNCITRAL MODEL LAW 2573 [B] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER U.S. FEDERAL ARBITRATION ACT 2576 [C] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER FRENCH LAW 2578 [D] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER ENGLISH LAW 2579 [E] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER SWISS LAW 2579 [2] NATURE OF AGREEMENT REQUIRED FOR CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION 2580 [3] CONSOLIDATION OR JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER NATIONAL LAW IN ABSENCE OF PARTIES AGREEMENT 2586 [A] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR CONSOLIDATION AS DEFAULT MECHANISM 2586 [B] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR CONSOLIDATION AS MANDATORY RULE 2589 [4] CONSOLIDATION OF ARBITRATIONS IN DIFFERENT ARBITRAL SEATS 2589 [5] CONSOLIDATION OF ARBITRATIONS WITH DIFFERENT ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS AND RELATED ISSUES 2590 [6] COMPETENCE TO ORDER CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION 2592 [7] EXERCISE OF POWER TO ORDER CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION 2594 [8] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR JOINDER/INTERVENTION BY MEANS OF CONSOLIDATION 2595 [C] CONSOLIDATION, INTERVENTION AND JOINDER UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2596 [ 1 ] JOINDER AND INTERVENTION UNDER UNCITRAL RULES 2596 XXXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS [2] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER UNDER ICC RULES [A] CONSOLIDATION UNDER ICC RULES [B] JOINDER UNDER ICC RULES [3] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION UNDER SWISS RULES [4] JOINDER AND INTERVENTION UNDER LCIA RULES [5] CONSOLIDATION, JOINDER AND INTERVENTION UNDER HKIAC RULES [6] CONSOLIDATION, JOINDER AND INTERVENTION UNDER SIAC RULES [7] CONSOLIDATION, JOINDER AND INTERVENTION UNDER OTHER INSTITUTIONAL RULES [D] CONSOLIDATION AND JOINDER/INTERVENTION: SELECTION OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL (S) [1] DUTCO: PUBLIC POLICY ISSUES IN ARBITRATOR SELECTION IN MULTI-PARTY CASES [2] SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS IN MULTI-PARTY CASES UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES §18.03 MULTI-CONTRACT ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS 2612 2597 2597 2598 2599 2601 2601 2602 2605 2606 2608 2610 CHAPTER 19 CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION §19.01 INTRODUCTION §19.02 ARBITRATORS AUTHORITY TO SELECT APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE LAW [A] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS [B] NATIONAL ARBITRATION STATUTES [C] INSTITUTIONAL RULES §19.03 CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW GOVERNING MERITS OF PARTIES DISPUTE IN ABSENCE OF AGREEMENT ON APPLICABLE LAW [A] INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS [ 1 ] INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS [2] CHOICE-OF-LAW CONVENTIONS [3] ROME I REGULATION AND ROME CONVENTION [4] U.N. CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS [ B] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION [ 1 ] CONFLICT OF LAWS RULES OF ARBITRAL SEAT [2] SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT [3] SPECIALIZED CONFLICT OF LAWS RULES FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION [4] APPLICABLE OR APPROPRIATE CONFLICT OF LAWS RULES [5] DIRECT APPLICATION OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW [6] MANDATORY LAWS [C] INSTITUTIONAL RULES [D] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES APPLIED BY INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [ 1 ] TRADITIONAL RULE THAT ARBITRATORS MUST APPLY CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OR SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT [2] EROSION OF TRADITIONAL RULES APPLYING ARBITRAL SEAT S CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OR SUBSTANTIVE LAW [3] CONTEMPORARY CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES APPLIED BY INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS [A] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES THAT ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL CONSIDERS APPROPRIATE [B] DIRECT APPLICATION OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW WITHOUT CONFLICTS ANALYSIS [C] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OF ARBITRAL SEAT [D] CUMULATIVE APPLICATION OF CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OF ALL STATES WITH MEANINGFUL CONNECTION TO PARTIES DISPUTE [E] INTERNATIONAL CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES [F] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OF STATE MOST CLOSELY CONNECTED TO PARTIES DISPUTE [G] APPLICATION OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF STATE WITH CLOSEST CONNECTION TO DISPUTE [H] OTHER CHOICE-OF-LAW ALTERNATIVES [E] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES FOR SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2614 2616 2619 2620 2621 2623 2625 2626 2626 2626 2626 2628 2629 2629 2631 2632 2633 2634 2635 2636 2637 2637 2640 2643 2643 2646 2647 2649 2651 2653 2654 2655 2656 GARY B. BORN XXXV [F] APPLICATION OF NON-NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM IN ABSENCE OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT 2661 [1] AUTHORITY OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL TO APPLY NON-NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM IN ABSENCE OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT 2662 [2] APPLICATION OF NON-NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM 2664 [G] TRADE USAGES 2664 [H] DISTINCTION BETWEEN MATTERS OF SUBSTANCE AND PROCEDURE 2668 [1] BURDEN OF PROOF 2668 [2] STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS 2669 [3] DAMAGES AND REMEDIES 2670 §19.04 CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING MERITS OF PARTIES DISPUTE PURSUANT TO CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2670 [A] PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2671 [1 ] PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2673 [A] INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS PROVIDING FOR VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2673 [B] INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS DENYING VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS 2676 [2] PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION UNDER NATIONAL LAWS 2677 [A] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION RECOGNIZING PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2677 [B] GENERALLY-APPLICABLE CONFLICT OF LAWS RULES RECOGNIZING PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2678 [C] NATIONAL LAWS NOT RECOGNIZING VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2680 [3] PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2681 [4] PRESUMPTIVE VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING SUBSTANTIVE LAW UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL AWARDS 2682 [5] SEPARABILITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT 2683 [6] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES APPLICABLE TO LAW GOVERNING VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF- LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING APPLICABLE SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2684 [A] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2684 [B] CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES OF STATE WHOSE LAW IS SELECTED BY CHOICE-OF- LAW AGREEMENTS 2686 [C] EFFECT OF ALLEGEDLY INVALID OR NONEXISTENT CHOICE-OF-LAW CLAUSE 2686 [D] VALIDATION PRINCIPLE 2687 [E] OTHER CHOICE-OF-LAW RULES 2689 [7] INTERNATIONAL LIMITS ON NATIONAL LAWS WHICH DENY VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF- LAW AGREEMENTS 2689 [B] PUBLIC POLICY LIMITATIONS ON CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2690 [1] MANDATORY LAWS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2691 [2] FOREIGN MANDATORY LAWS AND PUBLIC POLICIES 2696 [3] POWER OF ARBITRATORS TO CONSIDER ISSUES OF PUBLIC POLICY OR MANDATORY LAWS 2699 [4] POWER OF ARBITRATORS TO CONSIDER ISSUES OF PUBLIC POLICY OR MANDATORY LAWS NOTWITHSTANDING PARTIES CONTRARY AGREEMENT 2703 [5] CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING PUBLIC POLICY AND MANDATORY LAW ISSUES 2707 [A] APPLICATION OF MANDATORY LAW RULES AND PUBLIC POLICIES OF STATE CHOSEN BY CHOICE-OF-LAW CLAUSE 2707 [B] APPLICATION OF MANDATORY LAW RULES AND PUBLIC POLICIES OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2709 [C] APPLICATION OF MANDATORY LAW RULES AND PUBLIC POLICIES OF STATES OTHER THAN ARBITRAL SEAT 2712 TABLE OF CONTENTS [6] INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY 2716 [7] EX OSICIO APPLICATION OF MANDATORY LAW 2720 [C] LIMITATIONS ON SCOPE OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS: CAPACITY, STATUS AND RELATED ISSUES 2721 [D] OTHER GROUNDS FOR CHALLENGING VALIDITY OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2722 [1] DEFECTS IN FORMATION OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT 2723 [2] INSUFFICIENTLY-CLEAR CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2723 [3] AMBIGUOUS DESIGNATIONS OF NATIONAL LAW 2724 [4] REASONABLE RELATIONSHIP REQUIREMENT FOR VALIDITY OF PARTIES CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2724 [5] CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS SELECTING INCOMPLETE LAWS 2729 [6] CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS THAT PRODUCE RESULTS CONTRARY TO PARTIES EXPECTATIONS 2730 [E] IMPLIED CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2730 [1] IMPLIED CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS RECOGNIZED 2730 [2] SELECTION OF ARBITRAL SEAT AS IMPLIED CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2732 [F] FORM REQUIREMENTS FOR CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2734 [G] PRESUMPTION THAT FOREIGN SUBSTANTIVE LAW IS SAME AS THAT OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2734 §19.05 INTERPRETATION AND CONTENT OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2735 [A] STAND-ALONE CHARACTER OF CHOICE-OF-LAW CLAUSE 2735 [B] LEGAL RULES SELECTED BY CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2735 [1] RENVOI VERSUS WHOLE LAW : DOES CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT SELECT SUBSTANTIVE RULES OR CONFLICT OF LAWS RULES? 2736 [2] PROCEDURAL LAW OF ARBITRATION 2737 [3] PROCEDURAL ISSUES 2737 [4] NON-CONTRACTUAL ISSUES 2738 [5] EXCLUSION OF FOREIGN MANDATORY LAWS 2745 [C] INTERACTION OF CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENT WITH DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROVISIONS 2745 §19.06 CHOICES OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW LN CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2746 [A] CONSIDERATIONS AFFECTING CHOICE OF SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2747 [1] NATIONAL LAW 2747 [2] DEVELOPED, STABLE AND COMMERCIALLY-SOPHISTICATED LAW 2747 [3] ENFORCEABILITY 2748 [4] FAVORABLE LAWS 2748 [5] STATE CONTRACTS 2749 [B] CHOICES OF NATIONAL SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2749 [1] CHOICE OF NATIONAL LAW 2749 [2] CHOICE OF MULTIPLE OR OVERLAPPING NATIONAL LAWS 2750 [3] SPLIT CHOICE-OF-LAW CLAUSES 2750 [4] CHOICE OF FLOATING NATIONAL LAW 2751 [5] STABILIZATION CLAUSES 2752 [C] CHOICES OF NON-NATIONAL SUBSTANTIVE LAW 2754 [1] VALIDITY OF NON-NATIONAL CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2755 [2] INTERPRETATION OF NON-NATIONAL CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2758 [3] GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW 2759 [4] LEX MERCATORIA 2759 [5] UNIDROIT PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS 2765 [6] INTERNATIONALIZED CONTRACTS 2767 [7] CONCURRENT APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND NATIONAL LAW 2768 [8] CLAUSES EXCLUDING ANY APPLICABLE LAW 2768 [9] NEGATIVE CHOICE-OF-LAW AGREEMENTS 2768 [10] NEW INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ORDER 2769 [D] TIME OF PARTIES CHOICE OF LAW 2770 §19.07 AMIABLE COMPOSITION AND EX AEQVO ET BONO 2770 GARY B. BORN §19.08 MINIMAL JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ARBRTRATORS CHOICE-OF-IAW DECISIONS §19.09 PROCEDURAL ISSUES IN ARBITRATORS CHOICE OF APPLICABLE LAW 2778 CHAPTER 20 CONFIDENTIALNY IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2779 §20.01 INTRODUCTION 2780 §20.02 CONFIDENTIALNY OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2783 §20.03 CONFIDENTIALNY OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER NATIONAL LAW 2784 [A] NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION GENERALLY SILENT ON ISSUES OF CONFIDENTIALITY 2785 [B] PARTIES AUTONOMY WITH REGARD TO CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2787 [C] LIMITATIONS ON PARTIES AUTONOMY WITH REGARD TO CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2788 [D] IMPLIED OBLIGATIONS OF CONFIDENTIALITY UNDER NATIONAL LAW 2791 [1] RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2791 [A] RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER ENGLISH LAW 2792 [B] IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER SINGAPORE LAW 2794 [C] IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER SWISS LAW 2795 [2] NON-RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2795 [A] NON-RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER AUSTRALIAN LAW 2796 [B] NON-RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER SWEDISH LAW 2798 [C] NON-RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER FRENCH LAW 2798 [D] NON-RECOGNITION OF IMPLIED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS UNDER U.S. LAW 2800 [E] NO PROHIBITION AGAINST DISCLOSURE OF AWARD IN ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS 2801 §20.04 CONFIDENTIALNY OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS UNDER INSTITUTIONAL RULES 2802 [A] INSTITUTIONAL RULES IMPOSING GENERAL CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2802 [B] INSTITUTIONAL RULES IMPOSING LIMITED CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS 2803 [C] IBA RULES ON TAKING OF EVIDENCE 2806 [D] INSTITUTIONAL RULES PROVIDING FOR PUBLICATION OF AWARDS 2806 §20.05 CONFIDENTIALNY ORDERS BY ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2807 §20.06 CONFIDENTIALNY OF ARBITRATORS DELIBERATIONS 2809 §20.07 CONFIDENTIALNY OF ARBITRAL HEARINGS 2811 §20.08 CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING CONFIDENTIALNY 2812 §20.09 ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL S COMPETENCE WITH REGARD TO CONFIDENTIALNY 2814 §20.10 FUTURE DIRECTIONS: CONFIDENTIALNY IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION 2815 §20.11 CONFIDENTIALNY IN INVESTOR-STATE ARBITRATION 2823 [A] CONFIDENTIALITY PROVISIONS IN INVESTMENT ARBITRATION REGIMES 2823 [B] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: CONFIDENTIALITY IN INVESTMENT ARBITRATION 2828 XXXVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 21 LEGAL REPRESENTATION AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2832 §21.01 PARTIES RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2833 [A] RIGHTS TO REPRESENTATION UNDER INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CONVENTIONS 2833 [B] RIGHTS TO REPRESENTATION UNDER NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEGISLATION 2835 [C] RIGHTS TO REPRESENTATION UNDER INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION RULES 2836 [D] NATIONAL LAW PROHIBITIONS AGAINST REPRESENTATION BY FOREIGN COUNSEL 2837 [E] LEGAL REPRESENTATION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION UNDER U.S. LAW 2840 [F] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: LEGAL REPRESENTATION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2845 §21.02 PARTIES EXERCISE OF RIGHTS TO REPRESENTATION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2847 [A] REPRESENTATION BY NON-LAWYERS 2847 [B] REPRESENTATION BY LAWYERS 2848 [C] FORMALITIES OF REPRESENTATION 2849 §21.03 PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2849 [A] SUBSTANTIVE RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT FOR LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2851 [1] GENERAL PRINCIPLES 2851 [A] NATIONAL CODES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT 2852 [B] IBA GUIDELINES ON PARTY REPRESENTATION IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2854 [2] RECURRENT ISSUES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT 2856 [A] CANDOR AND HONESTY 2857 [B] WITNESS INTERVIEWS AND PREPARATION 2859 [C] COMMUNICATIONS WITH ADVERSE PARTIES 2863 [D] CONTINGENT FEES AND OTHER FEE ARRANGEMENTS 2864 [E] CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 2866 [F] THIRD PARTY FUNDING 2867 [G] LAWYER-CLIENT PRIVILEGE 2868 [H] SETTLEMENT COMMUNICATIONS 2869 [I] COMMUNICATIONS WITH OPPOSING COUNSEL AND ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 2870 FJ] COMPETENCE 2871 [B] CHOICE OF LAW GOVERNING PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT ISSUES FOR LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2871 [1] RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT: LAW OF LAWYER S HOME JURISDICTION 2873 [2] RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT: LAW OF ARBITRAL SEAT 2874 [3] RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS 2875 [4] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT 2876 [5] RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT: IMMUNITY OF COUNSEL 2879 [C] CHOICE OF FORUM IN ENFORCING PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT STANDARDS FOR LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2880 [1] ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS 2881 [2] COURTS AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES IN ARBITRAL SEAT 2886 [3] COURTS AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES OF LAWYER S HOME JURISDICTION 2887 [4] ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS 2887 [5] FUTURE DIRECTIONS: CHOICE OF FORUM 2888 [D] PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR COUNSEL IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION 2889 §21.04 STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT FOR INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATORS 2892
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spelling	Born, Gary 1955- Verfasser (DE-588)133641066 aut International commercial arbitration 2 International arbitral procedures Gary B. Born Austin [u.a.] Wolters Kluwer Law & Business 2014 XXXVIII, S. 1526 - 2893 txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier (DE-604)BV041640843 2 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027081671&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Born, Gary 1955- International commercial arbitration
title	International commercial arbitration
title_auth	International commercial arbitration
title_exact_search	International commercial arbitration
title_full	International commercial arbitration 2 International arbitral procedures Gary B. Born
title_fullStr	International commercial arbitration 2 International arbitral procedures Gary B. Born
title_full_unstemmed	International commercial arbitration 2 International arbitral procedures Gary B. Born
title_short	International commercial arbitration
title_sort	international commercial arbitration international arbitral procedures
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027081671&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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work_keys_str_mv	AT borngary internationalcommercialarbitration2

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