Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment: the case of modern norwegian
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Edinburgh
Univ. Press
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 218 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780748637829 |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Language Planning as a
Sociolinguistic Experiment
The Case of Modern Norwegian
Ernst Hakon Jahr
! UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK KIEL
- ZENTRALBIBLIOTHEK -
EDINBURGH
University Press
Contents
List of figures x
Preface xi
Map of Norway xiii
1 Land and people, language and language planning i
Introduction i
Two written Norwegian standards i
The spoken language 2
Almost 200 years of language planning 4
The year 1814: the birth of modern Norway 5
Norway: general information and history 6
Land and people 6
Brief overview of Norway s history and language 7
Language planning 9
Einar Haugen s 1966 model of language planning 10
Language corpus planning and language status planning 11
Norwegian language planning 12
PART I: THE NATIONALIST PERIOD, 1814-1917
2 Before the start of language planning: 1814-45 r7
Political developments 1814-45 17
The linguistic situation around 1814 20
Why did language create a problem in Norway after 1814? 22
The journal Saga (1816) 25
VI CONTENTS
An easy solution that could have worked 25
Henrik Wergeland s idea about developing a Norwegian
language 28
Asbjornsen and Moe s collections of fairytales from the
1840s 29
The first attempt at a sociolinguistic description - Jonas
Anton Hielm s 1832 article 29
Opposition to Wergeland s ideas and practice 30
The status quo position 31
Terminological notes concerning the written standards
and upper-middle-class speech 32
3 A language based on upper-middle-class speech
or peasant dialects? The programmes proposed by
Knud Knudsen and Ivar Aasen 35
Knud Knudsen (1812-95): Norway began in 1814 35
Biography: work beyond language planning 35
Rnudsen s language programme 37
Reform of the written standard in 1862 40
Bjornstjerne Bjornson and Henrik Ibsen 41
Norwegianisation by degrees - evolution, not revolution! 42
Ivar Aasen (1813-96): Norway is old 43
Biography 43
Aasen s programme from his 1836 essay 44
Fieldwork 1842-6 47
Grammar and Dictionary of the Norwegian People s
Language(1848, 1850) 47
The first Landsmaal standard: 1853 48
The Aasen Standard : 1864, 1873 49
The theory of the two cultures 53
Two opposing sociolinguistic programmes of language
planning 54
Norwegian linguists following in Aasen s footsteps 55
4 The language question becomes a major political
issue:1860-1907 57
Political developments from 1845 to 1905 57
Competition between Landsmaal and Danish starts in
1858; the first Landsmaal organisations 58
CONTENTS vii
Landsmaal becomes a major political issue 59
A breakthrough for Aasen s definition of Norwegian :
oral instruction in schools (1878) 60
An important breakthrough for Knudsen s ideas: reading
pronunciation in schools (1887) 61
Language Equality Resolution (1885) 62
Language Paragraph Amendment to the School Act
(1892) 63
The importance of Landsmaal authors Aasen, Blix, Vinje
and Garborg 64
The first officially authorised Landsmaal standard 67
Landsmaal made compulsory in teacher training
colleges (1902) and required for the high-school exam
(1907) 68
From Dano-Norwegian to Riksmaal, the 1907 language
reform 70
Norigs Maallag (1906), Riksmaalsforbundet (1907) 74
Two Norwegian written standards: is linguistic
reconciliation possible? Early twentieth century up
to the 1917 language reforms 77
Political developments after 1905 77
Nation building through great deeds and great authors 78
Two national written standards 79
Early ideas about linguistic reconciliation 81
The Eitrem Committee (1909) and minor reforms to
Landsmaal (1910) 81
The Grimstad Affair 1911-12: the first twentieth-
century battle over dialect use in schools 82
Regulation of oral instruction through the School Act 85
Changing views about urban dialects 86
Qstlandsk reisning (Eastern Norwegian Uprising)
(1916-26) 86
The Torp Committee (1913) 88
Breakthrough for a pan-Norwegian policy (1915-17) 89
The Falk Committee (1916) 89
The language reform of 1917 90
Confusing terminology 91
Concrete changes to Riksmal 93
Vlii CONTENTS
Concrete changes to Landsmal 94
The 1917 reform of Riksm amp;l as an omen of what to
expect 95
The end of the nationalist period of language planning 96
PART II: THE SOCIOPOLITICAL PERIOD, 1917-66
6 The emergence of a socialist theory of language
planning: a sociolinguistic experiment 101
The language political situation after the 1917 reforms 102
The second struggle of the twentieth century over dialect
use in the schools - Bergen 1924 103
Bokm amp;l and Nynorsk (1929) 104
The Labour Party gets involved Halvdan Koht s
analysis: the people s language 105
The Norwegianisation of place names 107
The Labour Party finally adopts a language planning
policy 109
Parliament appoints a new Language Commission (1934) 113
The 1938 reforms in Bokm amp;l and Nynorsk 116
The 1938 sociolinguistic experiment 120
Language in broadcasting 122
The Nazi occupation of Norway and the Quisling
Government s 1941 language reform 123
Summary: the Oslo decision of 1939 124
7 The post-war language struggle (1945-66) to counter
the sociolinguistic experiment of 1938 127
Political developments from 1945 to 1965 127
The post-war language political situation 127
The counting reform (1951) 129
A permanent Language Committee (1952) 132
The post-war Riksm amp;l norm of 1952 132
The RiksmM movement s resistance through the 1950s 133
Pan-Norwegian supporters organise too late 136
Different ideologies within the language political camps 137
The Smebye case: no standardisation in the spoken
media 139
The New Textbook Standard (1959) 141
CONTENTS ix
The Language Peace Commission (1964-6) 141
The post-war Nynorsk situation 143
Summary: the post-war period 145
PART III: FROM A SINGLE-STANDARD TO A TWO-
STANDARD STRATEGY
8 The end of the single-standard policy (1966-2002):
reforms in 1981 and 2005 (for Bokmal) and 2012 (for
Nynorsk) 149
Political developments from 1965 to 2013 149
From the Language Peace Commission to the Language
Council (1966-72) 151
New arguments for Nynorsk 152
The Language Council (1972) 153
The Liberation Resolution (1972) 154
The Bokmal reform of 1981 155
The end of a single-standard policy (2002) 157
The 2005 BokmSl reform 158
The language planning by voting system (1972-2002) 159
The 2012 Nynorsk reform 160
Summary: defeat for the pan-Norwegian policy? 161
9 Summary and concluding remarks 164
Major conclusions 164
Lessons of the pan-Norwegian policy 166
Nynorsk - the current situation 167
BokmSl - the current situation 168
Dialect maintenance today 169
Two national standards continue - Norway will still be
special 171
References 173
List of terms of language varieties 193
Timeline for the different written varieties of Norwegian 198
Timeline of important events for language planning and
conflict in modern Norway 199
Index 204
|
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| spelling | Jahr, Ernst Håkon 1948- Verfasser (DE-588)112732208 aut Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian Ernst Håkon Jahr Edinburgh Univ. Press 2014 XII, 218 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1814-2014 gnd rswk-swf Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd rswk-swf Norwegisch (DE-588)4120291-0 gnd rswk-swf Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd rswk-swf Norwegisch (DE-588)4120291-0 s Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 s Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 s Geschichte 1814-2014 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-7486-7834-1 (DE-604)BV043939066 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027066830&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Jahr, Ernst Håkon 1948- Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd Norwegisch (DE-588)4120291-0 gnd Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4077732-7 (DE-588)4120291-0 (DE-588)4077623-2 |
| title | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian |
| title_auth | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian |
| title_exact_search | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian |
| title_full | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian Ernst Håkon Jahr |
| title_fullStr | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian Ernst Håkon Jahr |
| title_full_unstemmed | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian Ernst Håkon Jahr |
| title_short | Language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment |
| title_sort | language planning as a sociolinguistic experiment the case of modern norwegian |
| title_sub | the case of modern norwegian |
| topic | Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd Norwegisch (DE-588)4120291-0 gnd Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sprachpolitik Norwegisch Soziolinguistik |
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