Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa: a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris
World Bank
2011
|
| Schriftenreihe: | World Bank working paper
209 Africa human development series |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | v, 50 p graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780821386002 9780821385999 |
Internformat
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| 700 | 1 | |a Jahanshahi, Negda |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Smith, Ellen |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Soucat, Agnes |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Autor: Lemiere, Christophe
Jahr: 2011
Contents
List of Abbreviations.....................................................................................................................v
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1. What Is Wrong with the Current Policy Perspective on Urban-Rural
Imbalances?..............................................................................................................................3
Chapter 2. Urban-Rural Imbalances: Extent and Consequences...........................................5
National level imbalances.......................................................................................................5
Urban-rural imbalances by country, profession, and gender............................................6
Effect of urban-rural health worker imbalances on achieving health MDGs,
reducing poverty, and improving health system efficiency...............................................9
Chapter 3. Explaining Urban-Rural Imbalances from a Labor Market Perspective:
Theory and Evidence............................................................................................................11
Urban-rural differences in demand for labor.....................................................................12
Urban-rural differences in the supply of labor..................................................................12
Urban-rural differences in compensation...........................................................................14
Chapter 4. Policy Options for Addressing Urban-Rural Imbalances:
Theory and Evidence............................................................................................................16
Increasing health worker demand.......................................................................................17
Reducing the opportunity cost of rural employment: incentive policies.......................17
Transferring urban health workers to rural areas through compulsory
policies (bonding)...................................................................................................................22
Increasing the overall supply of health workers by scaling up HRH education..........23
Improving the rural orientation of the HRH education system......................................23
Creating alternative skill mixes in rural clinics..................................................................24
Attracting health workers from abroad (immigration policies)......................................27
Chapter 5. Conclusion: A Roadmap for Policymaking..........................................................29
Appendix A. Countries Reviewed.............................................................................................33
Appendix B. The Lorenz Curve, the Concentration Index, and the Gini Coefficient......34
The Lorenz curve....................................................................................................................34
The Concentration index.......................................................................................................35
The Gini coefficient.................................................................................................................35
Appendix C. Applying Labor Economics to Health Care.....................................................37
Market-clearing equilibrium, unemployment, and labor shortages...............................38
Appendix D. Health Labor Market Analysis...........................................................................43
References.......................................................................................................................................45
World Bank Study
Boxes
Box 2.1 Overview of methods to apply to the measurement of geographical
imbalances of HRH..................................................................................................................6
Box 4.1 Using discrete choice experiments to elicit health workers preferences
regarding rural jobs................................................................................................................18
Box 4.2 Using incentives to recruit rural doctors in Mali and Zambia..................................20
Figures
Figure 1.1 Policymaking and health labor markets.....................................................................3
Figure 2.1 Doctor, nurse, midwife per 1,000 population ratio in Sub-Saharan Africa...........5
Figure 2.2 Concentration indices for doctors and nurses..........................................................7
Figure 2.3 Distribution of health workers per capita by cadre in all districts of Tanzania... 8
Figure 2.4 Male : female ratios among health workers in rural
and urban areas of Zambia.....................................................................................................9
Figure 3.1 Urban employment and rural shortage situation...................................................12
Figure 3.2 Reasons Ethiopian healthcare workers prefer working in urban areas..............14
Figure 3.3 Compensation for doctors and nurses across regions in Ethiopia.......................14
Figure 4.1 Effect of various incentives on probability of doctors and nurses
accepting a post in a rural area.............................................................................................17
Figure 4.2 Reasons for migration in Cameroon, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe....27
Figure 4.3 Growth trend of Cuban brigade doctors present in Ghana..................................28
Figure 5.1 Policy roadmap for addressing urban-rural health workers imbalances............29
Figure B.l Sample Lorenz curve..................................................................................................34
Figure B.2 Lorenz curve for under-five mortality rate in India and Mali..............................36
Figured Market-clearing equilibrium.....................................................................................39
Figure C.2 Unemployment.............................................................................,.............................40
Figure C.3 Labor shortage.............................................................................................................40
Figure C.4 Urban employment and rural shortage situation..................................................41
Figure C.5 Urban and rural HRH markets with improved information...............................41
Figure D.l Health labor market analysis: a country example (for doctors)..........................43
Tables
Table 2.1 Number of doctors and nurses per 1,000 people in rural and urban
regions of Sub-Saharan Africa................................................................................................7
Table 2.2 Poverty indicators by region in Mozambique in 2000..............................................10
Table 4.1 Policy options for reducing urban-rural imbalances in HRH.................................16
Table 4.2 Examples of incentive programs implemented in Sub-Saharan Africa.................19
Table 4.3 Compulsory programs implemented in selected
Sub-Saharan Africa countries...............................................................................................22
Table 4.4 Skill mix programs in selected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa............................25
Table 5.1 Policy options for reducing urban-rural gaps in HRH............................................31
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:34:49Z |
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| isbn | 9780821386002 9780821385999 |
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| series2 | World Bank working paper Africa human development series |
| spelling | Lemiere, Christophe Verfasser aut Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why Christophe Lemiere ... - The World Bank Paris World Bank 2011 v, 50 p graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier World Bank working paper 209 Africa human development series Online-Ausgabe Palo Alto, Calif. ebrary605 L Online-Ausgabe Medical geography / Africa, Sub-Saharan Medical personnel / Supply and demand / Africa, Sub-Saharan Herbst, Christopher Sonstige oth Jahanshahi, Negda Sonstige oth Smith, Ellen Sonstige oth Soucat, Agnes Sonstige oth Weltbank Africa Regional Office Human Development Department Sonstige (DE-588)10348625-2 oth Reproduktion von Lemiere, Christophe Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa 2011 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development World Bank working paper 209 (DE-604)BV018160274 209 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025875520&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lemiere, Christophe Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why Medical geography / Africa, Sub-Saharan Medical personnel / Supply and demand / Africa, Sub-Saharan |
| title | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why |
| title_auth | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why |
| title_exact_search | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why |
| title_full | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why Christophe Lemiere ... - The World Bank |
| title_fullStr | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why Christophe Lemiere ... - The World Bank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why Christophe Lemiere ... - The World Bank |
| title_short | Reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in Sub-saharan Africa |
| title_sort | reducing geographical imbalances of health workers in sub saharan africa a labor market perspective on what works what does not and why |
| title_sub | a labor market perspective on what works, what does not, and why |
| topic | Medical geography / Africa, Sub-Saharan Medical personnel / Supply and demand / Africa, Sub-Saharan |
| topic_facet | Medical geography / Africa, Sub-Saharan Medical personnel / Supply and demand / Africa, Sub-Saharan |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025875520&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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