The Road to Maxwell's demon:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 327 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781107019683 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Road to Maxwell's demon |c Meir Hemmo, Orly R. Shenker |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 327 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references | ||
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Maxwell, James Clerk |d 1831-1879 |
| 650 | 4 | |a Maxwell's demon | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Second law of thermodynamics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Statistical thermodynamics | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Shenḳer, Orli |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804150173673193472 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
page
xi
Introduction
■ 1
Thermodynamics
16
2.1
The experience of asymmetry in time
16
2.2
The Law of Conservation of Energy
18
2.3
The Law of Approach to Equilibrium
22
2.4
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
25
2.5
The status of the laws of thermodynamics
38
Classical mechanics
40
3.1
The fundamental theory of the world
40
3.2
Introducing classical mechanics
42
3.3
Mechanical states
43
3.4
Time evolution of mechanical states
49
3.5
Thermodynamic magnitudes
51
3.6
A mechanical no-go theorem
56
3.7
The ergodic approach
62
3.8
Conclusion
71
Time
72
4.1
Introduction: why mechanics cannot underwrite
thermodynamics
72
4.2
Classical kinematics
73
4.3
The direction of time and the direction of velocity in time
74
4.4
The description of mechanical states
76
4.5
Velocity reversal
80
vu
viii Contents
4.6
Retrodiction
84
4.7
Time reversal and time-reversal
invariance
86
4.8
Why the time-reversal
invariance
of classical
mechanics matters
91
5
Macrostates
94
5.1
The physical nature of macrostates
94
5.2
How do macrostates come about?
97
5.3
Explaining thermodynamics with macrostates
105
5.4
The dynamics of macrostates
106
5.5
The physical origin of thermodynamic macrostates
108
5.6
Boltzmann s macrostates 111
5.7
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
115
5.8
The observer in statistical mechanics
119
5.9
Counterfactual observers
123
6
Probability
125
6.1
Introduction
125
6.2
Probability in statistical mechanics
126
6.3
Choice of measure in statistical mechanics
132
6.4
Measure of
a macrostate
and its probability
136
6.5
Transition probabilities without blobs
137
6.6
Dependence on observed history?
139
6.7
The spin echo experiments
143
6.8
Robustness of transition probabilities
149
6.9
No probability over initial conditions
149
7
Entropy
153
7.1
Introduction
153
7.2
Entropy
154
7.3
The distinction between entropy and probability
158
7.4
Equilibrium in statistical mechanics
159
7.5
Law of Approach to Equilibrium
160
7.6
Second Law of Thermodynamics
162
7.7
Boltzmann s//-theorem
164
7.8
Loschmidt s reversibility objection
167
7.9
Poincaré s
recurrence theorem
170
7.10
Boltzmann s combinatorial argument
171
7.11
Back to Boltzmann s equation: Lanford s theorem
175
7.12
Conclusion
178
Contents ix
8
Typicality
] 82
8.1
Introduction
182
8.2
The explanatory arrow in statistical mechanics
183
8.3
Typicality
184
8.4
Are there natural measures?
186
8.5
Typical initial conditions
187
8.6
Measure-
1
theorems and typicality
189
8.7
Conclusion
191
9
Measurement
192
9.1
Introduction
192
9.2
What is measurement in classical mechanics?
193
9.3
Collapse in classical measurement
200
9.4
State preparation
202
9.5
The shadows approach
206
9.6
Entropy
207
9.7
Status of the observer
209
10
The past
212
10.1
Introduction
212
10.2
The problem of retrodiction
213
10.3
The Past Hypothesis: memory and
measurement
216
10.4
The Reliability Hypothesis
219
10.5
Past low entropy hypothesis
222
10.6
Remembering the future
224
10.7
Problem of initial improbable state
226
10.8
The dynamics of the Past Hypothesis
228
10.9
Local and global Past Hypotheses
229
10.10
Past Hypothesis and physics of memory
230
10.11
Memory in a time-reversed universe
232
11
Gibbs
234
11.1
Introduction
234
11.2
The Gibbsian method in equilibrium
235
11.3
Gibbsian method in terms of blobs and
macrostates
238
11.4
Gibbsian equilibrium probability distributions
240
11.5
The approach to equilibrium
241
Contents
12
Erasure
246
12.1
Introduction
246
12.2
Why there is no microscopic erasure
247
12.3
What is a macroscopic erasure?
248
12.4
Necessary and sufficient conditions for erasure
251
12.5
Logic and entropy
254
12.6
Another logically irreversible operation
255
12.7
Logic and entropy: a model
257
12.8
What does erasure erase?
268
12.9
Conclusion
268
13
Maxwell s Demon
270
13.1
Thermodynamic and statistical mechanical demons
270
13.2
Szilard s insight
273
13.3
Entropy reduction: measurement
273
13.4
Efficiency and predictability
278
13.5
Completing the cycle of operation: erasure
280
13.6
The Liberal Stance
284
13.7
Conclusion
286
Appendix A Szilard s engine
288
Appendix
В
Quantum mechanics
300
B.I Albert s approach
301
B.2 Bohmian mechanics
307
B.3 A quantum mechanical Maxwellian Demon
309
References
3
1
9
Index
326
The Road to
Maxwell s Demon
Time asymmetric phenomena are successfully predicted by statistical mechanics.
Yet the foundations of this theory are suprisingly shaky. Its explanation for the ease
of mixing milk with coffee is incomplete, and even implies that un-mixing them should
be just as easy. In this book the authors develop a new conceptual foundation
for statistical mechanics that addresses this difficulty. Explaining the notions of
macrostates, probability, measurement, memory, and the arrow of time in statistical
mechanics, they reach the startling conclusion that Maxwell s Demon, the famous
perpetuum
mobile, is consistent with the fundamental physical laws.
Mathematical treatments are avoided where possible, and instead the authors use
novel diagrams to illustrate the text. This is a fascinating book for graduate students
and researchers interested in the foundations and philosophy of physics.
Meir Hemmo is an Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy, University
of Haifa. He has written on the foundations of quantum mechanics and statistical
mechanics.
Orly R. Shenker
is a Senior Lecturer at the Program for the History and Philosophy
of Science. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She has written on the foundations
of classical and quantum statistical mechanics and on the rationality of science.
Cover illustration: image courtesy of
Irit
Hemmo and
Michal
Sahar.
Cover designed by Hart McLeod Ltd
CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERSITY PRESS
w w w.
Cambridge, org
I ISBN
978-1-107-01968-3
9
V81107 0
19683
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Hemmo, Meir Shenḳer, Orli |
| author_facet | Hemmo, Meir Shenḳer, Orli |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)844038164 (DE-599)BVBBV040891280 |
| dewey-full | 536/.71 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 536 - Heat |
| dewey-raw | 536/.71 |
| dewey-search | 536/.71 |
| dewey-sort | 3536 271 |
| dewey-tens | 530 - Physics |
| discipline | Physik |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Hemmo, Meir Verfasser aut The Road to Maxwell's demon Meir Hemmo, Orly R. Shenker 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2012 XII, 327 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references Maxwell, James Clerk 1831-1879 Maxwell's demon Second law of thermodynamics Statistical thermodynamics Maxwellscher Dämon (DE-588)4291380-9 gnd rswk-swf Statistische Thermodynamik (DE-588)4126251-7 gnd rswk-swf Maxwellscher Dämon (DE-588)4291380-9 s Statistische Thermodynamik (DE-588)4126251-7 s DE-604 Shenḳer, Orli Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025870933&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025870933&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Hemmo, Meir Shenḳer, Orli The Road to Maxwell's demon Maxwell, James Clerk 1831-1879 Maxwell's demon Second law of thermodynamics Statistical thermodynamics Maxwellscher Dämon (DE-588)4291380-9 gnd Statistische Thermodynamik (DE-588)4126251-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4291380-9 (DE-588)4126251-7 |
| title | The Road to Maxwell's demon |
| title_auth | The Road to Maxwell's demon |
| title_exact_search | The Road to Maxwell's demon |
| title_full | The Road to Maxwell's demon Meir Hemmo, Orly R. Shenker |
| title_fullStr | The Road to Maxwell's demon Meir Hemmo, Orly R. Shenker |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Road to Maxwell's demon Meir Hemmo, Orly R. Shenker |
| title_short | The Road to Maxwell's demon |
| title_sort | the road to maxwell s demon |
| topic | Maxwell, James Clerk 1831-1879 Maxwell's demon Second law of thermodynamics Statistical thermodynamics Maxwellscher Dämon (DE-588)4291380-9 gnd Statistische Thermodynamik (DE-588)4126251-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Maxwell, James Clerk 1831-1879 Maxwell's demon Second law of thermodynamics Statistical thermodynamics Maxwellscher Dämon Statistische Thermodynamik |
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