Teremtő életek: marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Hungarian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Marosvásárhely
Mentor K.
2011
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
| Beschreibung: | 353 S. Ill. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789735995126 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149805560102912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | SUMMARIES
Erazmus Gyula Nyárády
(1881-1966)
In the introduction the author parallels Kopernicus,
János Bolyai
and
Nyárády s
paths of life and frames of mind. Although the path chosen was rendered difficult by
material, spiritual and political obstacles, they have persistently advanced toward
their goal.
The first part of the paper reviews the botanist s family background and his high
school and university studies. His first workplace, the secondary school in
Késmárk
and the closeness of the North Carpathian Mountains have proven to be decisive
regarding his whole future life.
The author highlights the scientist s descriptive work and the systematization and
research of the Carpathian basin s flora. The writer aiso draws attention to the act of
publishing his scientific works in three languages (Hungarian, Romanian, German),
which led to
Nyárády s
international renown and a large number of acquaintances
in the field of Botany. He also emphasises
Nyárády s
research of the
Torda
Gorges,
which, together with the mapping of the canyon, is of great value.
The last part of the study presents
Nyárády s
work done in
Kolozsvár,
based upon
the writings of
Kálmán Váczy, Sándor Bartha, Ferenc Nagy Tóth and Attila Szabó.
It is through these documents that
Nyárády s
love for nature, humane character,
methodic and demanding workstyle can truly be understood. Acknowledging his
scientific work, he received high national honors and was admitted member of the
Romanian Academy.
The study concludes with
Attila Szabó s
words:
Nyárády s
success illustrates the
triumph of ones faith in the results of the rational labor .
Károly Gulyás
(1873-1948)
Károly Gulyás
studied Arts at Budapest. In
1902,
he moved to
Marosvásárhely,
teaching drawing and calligraphy at the local
Calvinist
College. As a teacher, he
always tried to promote young talents, organizing numerous exhibitions and
workshops. Many of his students later became well-known artists. Between
1907-
1942
he was a librarian at the
Teleki
Library. During his activity at the
Teleki
Library he proved to be a very determined man, working hard in order to organize
the collection. He published many articles and studies about the most important and
valuable documents of the library. The appendix to this study also includes a list of
his works.
342
József Tóthfalusi
(1869-1940)
Aman
of extraordinary personality and exemplary behaviour,
József
Tóthťalusi
was a defining member of the early 20th century Transylvanian
Calvinist
clergy. Born
in
Marosvásárhely,
he went to the local
Calvinist
College and studied theology in
Enyed, where he graduated
írom.
As secretary to Bishop
Domokos Szilágyi,
he was
an adept of the „inner mission . In
1895
he became Minister of the
Marosvásárhely
Calvinist
parish, dedicating his life to the church, culture and society. Beside re¬
organizing the parish, his main concern was improving the congregation s spiritual
life. Together with the other priest of the parish,
András Bíró
and Mayor
György
Bernády.
he created a functioning network of church institutions, which, in the
changing conditions of the early 20th century, could ensure religious education and
a prosperous economic life for the church. Beside his work as a minister he also
promoted religious culture and literature. He published an Illustrated Holy Bible and
a large number of newspaper article and studies. His work as an editor is important
as well. President of the
Kemény Zsigmond
Literary Society and later archdeacon
of
Maros
District, he endeavoured to safeguard the believers spiritual health in the
desperate situation when Transylvania was annexed to Romania.
József
Tóthfalusi
passed away on June
15, 1940.
Who was in fact this man? According to what his
contemporary, Dr.
Elek Farczády,
said: it is not only because he served us for the
longest period among all our ministers but also due to his whole personality as well
as his intellectual and physical skills that we can count him as one of our greatest
ministers
[■··]·
György Bernády,
the politician
György Bernády
(1864-1938),
the famous mayor of
Marosvásárhely,
had a two-
stage political career: preceding
1918
and between the two World Wars.
Following the Trianon Treaty,
Bernády
accepted to be the member of a minority,
learnt the Romanian language and for almost two decades he displayed a remarkable
political activity as representative of the Transylvanian Hungarian Party.
Our study presents
Bemády s
activity in
1922-1938.
This period can be divided
into three distinct stages.
In
1922-1927,
Bernády
was one of the most significant leaders of the Hungarian
Party, Vice President and member of the Presidential Board. In
1924,
he entered the
election for the post of President of the Party and he was member of the Romanian
Senate in two parliamentary cycles. He accepted the historical reality, still, he
insisted on minority rights to be granted and respected. Inside the Party, opposing
the conservative leaders made up mostly of aristocrats, he insisted on contacting the
Liberal Party. He argued that the Liberal Party was the strongest political formation
and the only one able to grant minority rights, that is, if they were willing to.
343
Teremtő életek
In
1927,
due to his political creed, a bitter polemics started between
Bernády
and
the leaders of the party and consequently he left the party. In
1927-1929,
when the
Liberal Party was on government, he was again Mayor of the city, but, as a minority
politician, he remained in opposition. In
1933,
he re-joined the Hungarian Party but
mostly worked on local problems.
He passed away on
22
October,
1938.
His contemporaries considered him a
remarkable mayor and talented politician
.
Lajos S. Illyés,
founder of
Sovata
Resorts
István Halmágyi s
1715
diary is the first written account concerning the use
of the warm, salty water of the
Szováta
lakes for curative ends. The first artificial
pool, the
Géra,
was built by
József Veress
around
1860
close to what is today the
Eminescu Housing Estate. In spite of its small spa,
Szováta
remained one of the poor
communities of loggers in the
Görgényi
Mountains.
The nourishing of the village started with the birth of the Bear Lake and
Lajos
Sófalvi Illyés s
activity. Curiously enough, nobody realized the importance of the
lake for
15
years.
Lajos Sófalvi Illyés
was the first to realize the curative properties of the lake and
the prospects arising from this fact. In
1894
he built a summer house on the lake
shore. He boutht the lake for his family and got a ministerial consent to use the lake
as a public bath. Getting the approbation, in
1890
he officially opened the Upper-
Szováta
Spa. The lake was called by the locals Lake
Illyés,
then
Illyés s
Lake Bear;
since
1910,
it has been called Lake Bear.
The wondrous lake lies in a picturesque place; its fame spread and before long all
Europe knew about it. In the following years,
Illés
built further houses by the lake. On
the site of the actual terrace over the lake he built bath houses and a restaurant also
used for cultural happenings in season.
Lajos Illyés s
activity boosted
Szováta s
development. Modern villas, roads,
trekking paths, parks, water and sewage ducts were built. Locals could get well-paid
jobs and therefore the population tripled in a short time.
János Antal
(1767-1854)
János Antal
(1767-1854)
was the first
Calvinist
bishop who studied in the
Marosvásárhely
Calvinist
College. After finishing his studies, he started teaching in
the same institution. Financially helped by Count
László Bethlen
and then Count
Sámuel Teleki,
he went on to study in Vienna, Jena and
Göttingen.
After his return
to Transylvania, he became chaplain of the Telekis on their estate in
Sáromberke,
but, only a few months later, he was elected minister of
Marosvásárhely.
Starting
from the autumn of
1798,
for
37
years, he taught history and philology at the local
Calvinist
College. In
1836,
he was elected the 36th Bishop of Transylvania. As a
344
Summaries
bishop, he regulated the election of the clergy and wrote several petitions regarding
the ill-treatment of the Calvinists by the Catholic
Habsburg
regime. He died in
Marosvásárhely,
on
12
August,
1854.
He was buried in the local
Calvinist
cemetery.
The social and literary activity of Baron
József Bálintitt
József Bálintitt
was born in a family of aristocrats in Nagyernye. He finished high
school in
Marosvásárhely
and graduated from law school in Budapest. He became a
royal chamberlain in
1881
and was elected to the Hungarian Congress in
1884
as a
member of the Liberal Party.
He was an active member of the Red Cross in
Maros-Torda
County, especially
during World War I.
As a literary man and patron of literature he was member of the
Kemény
Zsigmond
Literary Society and the Transylvanian Museum Association. He wrote
and translated four volumes of poems. Besides poetry, he also published studies,
articles and other writings.
He was Curator of the Roman Catholic parish in Nagyernye and financial patron
of churches in the village.
The Political Work of Dr.
József
Szenner
József
Szenner was
born
in Nagyernye, in
a family of well-to-do landowners.
After finishing his high school studies in
Marosvásárhely
and earning a university
degree in
Kolozsvár,
he started a career in administration. He worked as a township
judge at first, then as a deputy notary and notary, becoming later a lord lieutenant.
He was in the meantime editor of the
Székelység
political gazette and
Maros-Torda
County s official paper. He was a lieutenant during the First World War
After the Trianon Treaty he settled in Hungary and started a career in law. He
was an ardent patron of Nationalist movements and secretary of the Irredentist
Association. He became a member in several social and professional associations as
well as in the presidential council of the Defense Party. He also edited the bulletin
Közigazgatási Útmutató
(Guide in Administration).
He appeared in the grand political life after World War II, when he entered the
Független Kisgazdapárt
(Independent Smallholder Party) and became a congressman
as President of the 7th district. In May
1947
he joined the Hungarian Independence
Party led by
Zoltán
Pfeiffer.
His political carrier ended on November 20th,
1947,
when
-
along with
48
other
congressmen
-
he was illegally excluded from Congress under the pressure of the
Hungarian Communist Party.
345
Teremtő életek
János Bolyai in Marosvásárhely
This paper is an account of the years
János Bolyai
spent in the town of
Marosvásárhely
in
1833-1860.
János Bolyai
was retired on sick pension in June
1833
from Olmiitz (today the
Czech Republic, Austrian Empire back then) and came home to the parental house.
However, he only stayed a few months with his father
Farkas Bolyai,
later he lived at
different rented homes in
Marosvásárhely.
So far, researchers of the two Bolyai s life
and work affirmed that
János Bolyai
has moved to the family estate in
1834-1846,
but new archival documents prove that between
1833-1839
János Bolyai
lived in
Marosvásárhely.
Between the summer of
1834
and the autumn of
1835
he probably
lived in
Viişoara
and later returned to
Marosvásárhely.
H
was ill and he could not
benefit medical care in
Viişoara.
In the summer of
1837,
together with his father
Farkas Bolyai, János
took part
at the competition announced by the Jablonowski Association from Leipzig on the
clarification of the complex numbers, i.e. the geometrical interpretation of these
numbers. So far researchers said
János Bolyai
developed his paper called Responsio
in
Domáld,
but we assert and prove that this work was written in
Marosvásárhely
and
sent by post from the post office in
Marosvásárhely, Fazakas
Street (today
Borsos
Tamás
Street).
We also present
János
Bolyai s project to renovate and repair the mill and the dam
of the town on the
Maros
river. This work was commissioned by the town council.
Although
János Bolyai
was very ill in the winter of
1850,
he executed the project in
48
hours.
István Mátyus
(1725-1802)
The erudite doctor,
István Mátyus
(1725-1802)
carried out a large-scoped activity
as a physician in
Marosvásárhely
and in
Maros
District in the second half of the 18th
century. His activity has been the object of several scientific and even literary works.
This study probes his social status and the stages he had to pass in order to get a
physician s degree and nobility.
This study renders new data concerning
Dr
Mátyus s
origins, his studies abroad,
how he became head Physician of
Marosszék
and how he was made a nobleman. He
was born in
Kibéd,
a village in what is today
Maros
County, from a family of Szekler
primipili with cavalry duties in time of war. He went to the local elementary school
and later to the
Marosvásárhely
Calvinist
College, where he graduated from in
1745.
He specialized in medicine ten years later, when he found sponsors to study abroad.
In
1754-1756
he lived in Utrecht, where he got a physician s degree.
Returning home, on
1757,
he became Head Physician of
Marosszék
and stayed
in this position as long as he lives. He was the first physician in
Marosvásárhely
and its surroundings. He dedicated his life to medicine. As head physician, he was a
346
Summaries
promoter of public health; in this end, he wrote Diaetetica, a several-volume book of
great renown. In the same time, he worked as a general practitioner.
For his merits, in
1765
he was made a nobleman. However, in
1771
he was forced
to defend his title in a lawsuit.
Péter Bodor
(1780?-1849)
Our study attempts to sketch the life story of a popular scientist and fabulous
man,
Péter Bodor
(17807-1849),
distinguishing myth from reality. He hailed from
Erdőszentgyörgy,
but we know but little about his childhood and origins, nor do we
know anything about his education. The affirmation that he studied at a „university
of mechanics in Vienna and later, for
10
years, he worked and trained in Austria and
the German
Principates
proved unfounded. It appears that, all this time, he worked
at various Transylvanian noblemen s courts, doing maintenance jobs in parks and
gardens (in
Koronka,
Maros
County,
Kerlés, Kolozsvár
County etc.), carrying out
minor mechanic and hydraulic jobs (e.g. a mill in
Kolozsvár
County). Moreover, he
even decorated houses with paintings, e.g.
Oltszem, Kovászna
County.
In
1815,
Bodor
settled down in
Marosvásárhely,
mostly engaging in mechanic
jobs and well drilling. He also set up in his garden an adventure park for the young.
In the same time, he started to counterfeit, together with two watchmakers,
10
Forint
notes, but in December,
1819
he was arrested by the town council. During
his detention, he offered his services to the town. Accordingly, in
1820-1822,
he
built the famous artesian well,
Bodor
s
Well in the town centre. After serving his
sentence in the
Szamosiíjvár
prison, he returned to our town. Forced by penury, he
again counterfeited money. This time, hi was sentenced to
10
year s prison, and after
leaving the prison he engaged into church organ building. One of these instruments
is still functional in the village of
Kibéd.
He worked a lot on building a steam
automobile, but he was unable to finish it.
He died in
Kolozsvár,
on
6
August,
1849.
He was a great talent, who, due to
penury, wasted his life to make a meager income.
Simon
Topler (1806-1852)
Simon
Topler,
a personality forgotten by posterity, was an important figure of
the town in the
1848-49
revolution. He entered public service very young and,
starting from
1831,
worked in the
Marosvásárhely
Town Council
.
He was cashier,
tax collector, member and later spokesman of the jury. In
1836,
he became Deputy
Commander of the town police and in
1838-1849
Notary Public of the town and
the town s spokesperson in the Parliament of Transylvania. In the Parliament, he
fought for Liberal ideas and for implementing the new civil society. In the spring of
1849,
he joined the Hungarian Radical Party. After the end of the revolution and fight
for freedom, he took part in the anti-Habsburg conspiracy led by
József Makk,
and
347
Teremtő életek
consequently, on January
1852,
he was arrested and taken to Szeben. During trial, on
16
August,
1852,
he committed suicide in his cell, becoming one of the martyrs of
the fight for freedom.
György Bernády,
the pharmacist
Two of the
Bernády
family: father
Dániel
and son
György
were pharmacists in
Marosvásárhely
and carried out a worthwhile professional and public activity. The
father,
Dániel Bernády
(1839-1884)
first owned a pharmacy in the village of
Bethlen,
up to
1878,
when he sold the shop and rented the
Marosvásárhely
Golden Stag
Pharmacy from
József Görög s
widow, Anna
Brandecker.
The pharmacy had been
founded in
1782
by the Mauksch family. As the chief pharmacist, Albert Jeney
(1833-
1877)
was ill and couldn t carry on managing the shop, Daniel
Bernády
took over the
management; later, he bought the pharmacy. Before long, the pharmacy flourished.
He held a large number of honorary titles in the town,
e
.
g.
he had important duties in
the Pharmacist Society. He died unexpectedly on
2
August,
1884.
As his son,
György
hadn t finished his university studies yet, the management of the pharmacy was taken
over by
Jakab Halász
(1861-1933).
György Bernády
started his pharmaceutical studies in
1882/83
in
Kolozsvár
and
then continued in Budapest. In
1885
he was given the title of artis pharmaceuticae
magister .
After his military training, he continued his studies at the Faculty of
Pharmaceutics, where, on
22
December,
1888
was given PhD in Pharmacy. In the
same time, he also took up law, so in
1896
he was awarded the doctor s degree in law
at the
Nagyvárad
University. After finishing his studies, he came back to town and
took over the management of the pharmacy. Still a young man, he took up politics,
but went on managing the pharmacy as well. However, by
1896
he had so much
political duties that he was forced to abandon the management of the pharmacy to
pharmacist
Zoltán
Hints
(1871-1935).
Then, in
1900,
the pharmacy moved to No.
55
Piaţa Trandafirilor,
where it still exists. On
28
November,
1901
he sold half of the
pharmacy, then, in
1908,
the entire property to
Zoltán
Hints, friend and later relative.
György Bernády
died on
22
October
1938
in
Marosvásárhely.
His death was a great
loss for the population and for the Pharmacist Society as well.
Lajos Csőgör
(1904-2003)
General practitioner, dentist and university professor
Lajos Csőgör
was an
organizer and leader of the Hungarian university education in Transylvania. He was
born in
Sármás,
Cluj
County, on
18
March,
1904.
He graduated from the Nagyenyed
Secondary School in
1923.
He started his medical studies in Szeged and got his
degree in medicine at the King Ferdinand I University of
Kolozsvár,
in
1933.
He
also specialized in dentistry in
Kolozsvár.
First he set up as a dentist in
Sármás,
but
before long he moved to Nagyenyed, where he was, among others, school dentist.
348
Summaries
After the Vienna Verdict
(1940),
the Ferdinand University moved to Szeben. In this
year,
Csőgör
was made Teaching Assistant at the
Kolozsvár
Dental Clinic, and, in
the same time, he also set up a private dental practice. In
1944,
when Transylvania
became part of Romania again, the Hungarian university stayed in the city while the
Ferdinand University also returned to
Kolozsvár. Csőgör
was awarded the title of
professor and made Director of the Dental Clinic and, in the
saine
time, President of
the Hungarian university, which has changed its name to
Bolyai
University. He was
President of the university up to
1948,
when the Education Bill transformed medical
universities into Medical-Pharmaceutical Institutes. This was what happened to the
Department of Medicine at the
Bolyai
University as well, which had been moved to
Marosvásárhely
in the autumn of
1945.
In
1948
Csőgör
was made President of the
Medico-Pharmaceutical Institute in
Marosvásárhely.
His title was revoked in
1949,
when, together with other personalities, he was arrested. In
1955
he was rehabilitated
and given back his title as a professor. In
1964
he was again made President, but in
1967
he gave up the leadership of the University and dedicated himself wholly to the
Dental Clinic, right until
1973,
when he retired. From then on, his sole preoccupation
was with the PHD program and writing his memories. In
1985
he moved to Budapest,
where he died on
8
July,
2003.
He was remarkable both as a scientist and a public
figure. He held important public functions. His merits were recognized with high
government and scientific awards.
Elemér
Kopp (1890-1964)
Professor
Elemér
Kopp
is one of the first fitochemists in Romania. He had great
merits in education and research.
He was born in
Kolozsvár,
on
17
August,
1890
and studied at the Department of
Chemistry of the Budapest Technical University. He received his PhD in chemical
engineering in
1916.
His career boosted when Professor
Béla Páter
invited him to the
Kolozsvár
Experimental Facility for Herb Research founded in
1904.
It was the world s first
facility of this kind.
Elemér
Kopp,
followed
Béla Páter
in his position as a director of the research
facility
(1941-1945).
Shortly after the founding of the
Marosvásárhely
Faculty of Pharmacy, he was
named president of the Department of Farmacognozy
(1949).
He died on
19
January,
1964.
His main research area was volatile oils. Moreover, he described the localization
of morphine in various organs of the poppy plant. He demonstrated that the fruit of
Rosa glauca
is the richest in Vitamin C.
He founded the
Marosvásárhely
herb garden. He was the first PhD tutor in
Pharmacognozy in Romania.
349
Teremtő életek
The Closing Accounts of
György
Bernády,
1917
On June
4, 1916
the Lord Lieutenant of
Marosvásárhely
is summoned by the
Home Secretary and faced with the unpleasant fact that the city owes a huge debt of
400 000
crowns. In this situation the government is reflecting on suspending the self-
government of
Marosvásárhely
and commencing a compulsory winding-up.
György Bernády
asks for and obtains a respite from the Home Secretary. During
the study the closing accounts are presented with full particulars and there is an
item by item demonstration of the fact that all expenses are based on worthy and
reachable purposes. Due to the political and economic circumstances, namely the
outbreak of World War I, when Transylvania becomes a war theatre, the prolonged
economic crisis that has begun in
1912
afflicts Hungarian economy, the hardening
credit conditions practically wrecking a number of great initiatives regarding the
educational network, the development of public institutions, city development and
the development of the water supply network. The greatest disappointment is that
the newly discovered natural gas resources cannot be used as the supplying network
cannot be established.
Bernády
demands the government not to punish the city as it would be
humiliating, since
Marosvásárhely
and its Lord Lieutenant have always acted upon
Hungarian national political requirements.
In
1917,
after the collapse of the
Tisza
government,
György Bernády
resigns with
the intention never to return to politics.
Beside the bare facts, the author also makes an effort in depicting the mental
frame of the town leader.
Máté Göcsi
(cca.
1530-1585)
In the first part of our study, we present the rise and spreading of the reform in
Marosvásárhely,
setting it against a Transylvanian background and also describing
the situation of the Catholics in the town. Reformation overcame in the town in
1556,
when Franciscan monks were expelled, the parish church taken over and several
Marosszék
noblemen invited preacher
Balázs Káli
to the town.
Máté Göcsi
was the second
protestant
minister in
Marosvásárhely
whose
name is known to us and the first elected a bishop. About his life and activity
little is known, as it is usual with most 16th century
Marosvásárhely
ministers and
Calvinist
bishops.
Göcsi
first appears in the records in
1550,
when he enrolled at
the Wittenberg University. Returning to Transylvania, he took part in the religious
debate in
Nagyvárad
in
1569
and that of
Marosvásárhely
in
1571,
when
hei
s
recorded as Protestant minister of the town. In
1579,
he is elected
Calvinist
bishop
of Transylvania. As a bishop, his most important feat was probably reinforcing the
Calvinist
Church s position, at a time of Unitarian flourishment and
Jesuite
expansion
in Transylvania.
350
Summaries
Among his writings
-
we can only assume there were
severa!
of them
-
only some
short notes are known, of personal nature, especially on familial matters, written into
an
Eber
calendar printed in
1551.
József Szotyori
(1767-1833)
The author, Dr.
József
Spielmann
(Head of Department of History of Medicine at
the
Marosvásárhely
Medical and Farmaceutical Institute) presents a short biography
and curriculum of Dr.
József
Szotyori,
Marosvásárhely
physician from
1811
on, adept
of 19th century medical Rationalism. At this time, Transylvania s medical system is
underdeveloped compared to the medical coordinates in West and Central Europe;
moreover, even to other regions of the
Habsburg
Monarchy, Transylvania lacks
institutions to safeguard public health service. Szotyori initializes mass vaccination
(in fact, as a follow-up to his predecessors efforts) of the town and
Marosszék
population against smallpox and founds the public hospital, the first of its kind in
Marosvásárhely.
His writings bring enlightenment to the public deprived of social and
medical assistance, in order they can lead a healthier life from the
postpartum
period
until (heir death: he prescribes lifestyle rules and diet as well as a rational lifestyle.
In the same time, he is member of the Society for The Hungarian Language; in
fact, he even authors a number of Hungarian medical terms still in use today.
The study was initially published in
1964.
Minor changes have been made in
accordance with the bibliographies published later.
Ferenc Lőrinczi
(1904-1953)
The study presents the life and work of
Ferenc Lőrinczi,
former school principal,
teacher, school inspector of the
Calvinist
District of Transylvania as well as author
of textbooks. After having taught in various secular and denominational schools, he
became the director and teacher of the
Calvinist
Elementary School on
Monostor
Road in
Kolozsvár
between
1926
and
1936.
In
1936-1940
he was school inspector
of primary school education within the
Calvinist
Church District of Transylvania.
In
1940-1944
he was royal school inspector of
Maro Torda
County and then chief
inspector of
Maros
and
Brassó
Counties until his retirement. He devoted his entire life
to public service, both on ecclesiastical and secular levels. His co-authored textbooks
were used until
1948
within
Calvinist
elementary schools. Apart from his school
activity he also worked in various ecclesiastical organizations and promoted culture
among people.
Béla Jaross,
the archdeacon of
Marosvásárhely
Béla
Jaross, Abbot Parson of
Marosvásárhely
and Archdeacon, was an essential
personality in the 20th century history of
Marosvásárhely.
His activity as a parson
in
1900-1959
as well as his social activity made him an important personality of
351
Teremtő életek
the town. In spite of this, his life is unknown to literature. We can not venture to
give you a full picture within the frames of a single study. However, he deserves the
attention of historians for the following reasons: his career as a priest started within
the political boundaries of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and, further on, he fought
for the interests of Hungarians in Transylvania, attached to Romania, from the pulpit
and in political and everyday life. After he became the deacon of the district/deaconry,
he stood by his nation and represented the interests of the Hungarian minority.
The Hungarians in
Marosvásárhely
accepted him as one of their own not only
based on his speeches from the pulpit but also based on his role in everyday life, in
society. After World War II, within the political boundaries of Romania, in the Soviet
sphere of interest, the Roman Catholic Church was ill-treated by the Communists. Its
devotion to Rome naturally lead to measures taken against the church.
Béla Jaross
became a victim, he was replaced and humiliated; he could only regain his position
as life-long deacon after
Áron Márton
s
release.
Béla
Jaross as a church historian not
only wrote the history of the town s church in
1937
but also collected data regarding
the parish, church county or his personal destiny. Based on all this, we attempt to
sketch this stormy and very briefly known epoch.
Gyula Vályi
(1855-1913)
Gyula Vályi,
the most outstanding Transylvanian mathematician at the end of
the 19th century, was born on January
25, 1855,
in
Marosvásárhely.
In the autumn of
1861
he enlisted at the local Protestant College. He graduated in
1873
and enrolled
for the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences which had been
founded only one year before in
Kolozsvár.
After four years at the University of
Kolozsvár, Vályi
obtained a two-year scholarship at the University of Berlin. After
Berlin he returned to
Kolozsvár.
He soon afterwards wrote his doctor s thesis entitled
Contributions to the theory of quadratic partial differential equations, published in
1880.
Having obtained his doctor s degree, the senate of the
Kolozsvár
University
declared him Reader. Now
Vályi
could start teaching at the Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences in the fall of
1881.
His research area consisted of partial
differential equations,
projective
and analytical geometry, elementary mathematics
and number theory. In
1891,
as a token of recognition for his distinguished academic
merits, he was elected corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
Vályi
lived two more years in retirement. He died on October
13, 1913,
and was
buried in the
Házsongárd
Cemetery of
Cluj.
352
Summaries
Vilmos Zarándi
Knöpfler (1815-1882),
the erudite physician of the town
Marosvásárhely
Vilmos Zarándi
Knöpfler (1815-1882) was
born in a family that came from the
Rhine region, lived in Austria and settled down in Transylvania in the 18th century.
His father was a doctor at the Hunyad County Treasury, who received Hungarian
nobility with the name of
Zarándi.
Vilmos
Knöpfler,
following in his father s footsteps, completed his medical
studies in Vienna and Budapest. He received a medical degree in ophthalmology,
surgery and obstetrics. He started his medical practice in
1843
in
Deva
as county
doctor of Hunyad and
Zaránd,
and later as treasury doctor in the mines of Zalatna.
In September
1848
he returned from a study trip abroad and joined the National
Guard as a captain. When Zalatna was destroyed, he escaped in a very adventurous
way. Afterwards, he operated on the wounded, nursed the suffering from various
infectious diseases in
Sibiu
and other military hospitals, until he himself went
down with typhoid fever. At the end of the freedom fights he was working in the
military hospital in
Târgu Mureş,
where he settled down permanently. He worked
in the hospital of ophthalmology established in
1854,
where he played a very
important part. After his retirement
(1868),
from
1875
until his death, he was an
MP representing his city. His scientific and public activity was also very significant.
He was the first to study and describe the meteorites fallen at
Mezőmadaras.
The
result of his outstanding work on balneology was the first coloured geological and
balneological map of Transylvania. He was an active and constant participant in the
Hungarian Physicians and Naturalists Conferences, the organizer of the meetings in
Marosvásárhely
and
Élőpatak.
He was a member of several Hungarian, Austrian and
German scientific societies.
353
TARTALOM
Előszó
...................................... 7
Balas
Ári-ád Pál: Nyárády Erazmus Gyula, a botanikus
(1881-1966) .... 11
Banyai Réka: Kötéltánc a könyv és a kép között
................. 19
Bhrhkméri Ári Ád Róbert: Tóthfalusi József
(1869-1940) .......... 29
György Béla: Harmadnap. Adalékok Bernády György 1922-1938-as
pályaképéhez
................................ 41
Jó
/.ѕл
Andras:
Sófalvi Illyés Lajos, a modern Szovátafürdő megalapítója
. . 69
Ki.vii iÁN Annamária: Antal János lelkész, tanár, püspök
............ 75
Nemrs
Gyula: Báró Bálintilt József társadalmi és irodalmi munkássága
... 83
Nemes Gyula:
Dr. Szenner
József politikai munkássága
............ 89
Oi.áii-Gái. Róbert: Bolyai János Marosvásárhelyen
.............. 97
Pál-Antal Sándor: Mátyus István orvos nemessége
............. 113
Pál-Antal Sándor: Bodor Péter
(17787-1849) ................ 125
Pál-Antal Sándor:
Topler
Simon, a képviselő
(1806-1852) ......... 157
Péter H. Mária: Bernády György
(1864—1938)
mint marosvásárhelyi
gyógyszerész
................................ 163
Péter Mihály: Csőgör Lajos
(1904-2003)................... 173
Rácz Gábor
-
Rácz-Kotilla Erzsébet: Kopp Elemér, a Marosvásárheíyi
Gyógyszerészeti Kar professzora
(1890-1964)............... 187
Sebestyén Mihály: Bernády György zárszámadása 1917-ből
......... 195
Simon Zsolt: Göcsi Máté református püspök
(1530
körül-1585)
....... 223
Spielmann
József: Szotyorí József
(1767-1833)................ 241
Szigeti László
-Bartoš
Zoltán: Lőrinczi Ferenc
(1884—1953) ....... 263
Tamási Zsolt-József: Jaross Béla, Marosvásárhely apátplébánosa
...... 277
Weszely Tibor: Vályi Gyula
(1855-1913)................... 305
Zepeczaner Jenő: Zarándi Knö pfler Vilmos, a tudós marosvásárhelyi orvos
. 313
A TANULMÁNYKÖTET SZERZŐI
..................... 327
REZUMATE
.................................. 329
SUMMARIES .................................
342
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung Biografie |
| geographic | Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X gnd |
| geographic_facet | Târgu Mureş |
| id | DE-604.BV040675750 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:28:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789735995126 |
| language | Hungarian |
| lccn | 2012381886 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025502232 |
| oclc_num | 826595848 |
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| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 353 S. Ill. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | Mentor K. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok szerkesztette Pál-Antal Sándor és Simon Zsolt Marosvásárhely Mentor K. 2011 353 S. Ill. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references Zsfassung in engl. und rumän. Sprache Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 gnd rswk-swf Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X g Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 s DE-604 Pál-Antal, Sándor Sonstige oth Simon, Zsolt 1975- Sonstige (DE-588)1029786453 oth Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025502232&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025502232&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4025111-1 (DE-588)506966-X (DE-588)4143413-4 (DE-588)4006804-3 |
| title | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok |
| title_auth | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok |
| title_exact_search | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok |
| title_full | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok szerkesztette Pál-Antal Sándor és Simon Zsolt |
| title_fullStr | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok szerkesztette Pál-Antal Sándor és Simon Zsolt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Teremtő életek marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok szerkesztette Pál-Antal Sándor és Simon Zsolt |
| title_short | Teremtő életek |
| title_sort | teremto eletek marosvasarhelyi szemelyisegek tanulmanyok |
| title_sub | marosvásárhelyi személyiségek ; tanulmányok |
| topic | Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Historische Persönlichkeit Târgu Mureş Aufsatzsammlung Biografie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025502232&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025502232&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT palantalsandor teremtoeletekmarosvasarhelyiszemelyisegektanulmanyok AT simonzsolt teremtoeletekmarosvasarhelyiszemelyisegektanulmanyok |