Reliability and availability of cloud computing:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, N.J.
Wiley
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVIII, 323 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781118177013 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV040346756 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20140328 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 120802s2012 xxuad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 2011052839 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781118177013 |c hardback |9 978-1-118-17701-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)812051578 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV040346756 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a xxu |c US | ||
| 049 | |a DE-20 |a DE-473 |a DE-Aug4 | ||
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| 084 | |a ST 200 |0 (DE-625)143611: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Bauer, Eric |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1026373336 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Reliability and availability of cloud computing |c Eric Bauer ; Randee Adams |
| 264 | 1 | |a Hoboken, N.J. |b Wiley |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a XXVIII, 323 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Cloud computing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Computer software |x Reliabillity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Computer software |x Quality control | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Computer security | |
| 650 | 7 | |a TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Quality Control |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Leistungsbewertung |0 (DE-588)4167271-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Cloud Computing |0 (DE-588)7623494-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Cloud Computing |0 (DE-588)7623494-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Leistungsbewertung |0 (DE-588)4167271-9 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Adams, Randee |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Bamberg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025200895&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025200895 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149382587613184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Figures
xvii
Tables
xxi
Equations
xxiii
Introduction
xxv
I
BASICS 1
CLOl
JD COMPUTING
3
1.1
Essential Cloud Characteristics
4
1.1.1
On-Demand Self-Service
4
1.1.2
Broad
Network Access
4
1.1.3
Resource Pooling
5
1.1.4
Rapid Elasticity
5
1.1.5
Measured
Service
6
1.2
Common Cloud Characteristics
6
1.3
But What, Exactly, Is Cloud Computing?
7
1.3.1
What Is a Data Center?
8
1.3.2
How Does Cloud Computing Differ from Traditional
Data Centers?
9
1.4
Service Models
9
1.5
Cloud Deployment Models
И
1.6
Roles in Cloud Computing
12
1.7
Benefits of Cloud Computing
14
1.8
Risks of Cloud Computing
15
VII
v¡¡¡
CONTENTS
2 VIRTUALIZATION 16
2.1
Background
16
2.2
What Is Virtualization?
17
2.2.1
Types of Hypervisors
18
2.2.2
Virtualization and Emulation
19
2.3
Server Virtualization
19
2.3.1
Full Virtualization
20
2.3.2
Paravirtualization
21
2.3.3
OS Virtualization
22
2.3.4
Discussion
22
2.4
VM Lifecycle
23
2.4.1
VM Snapshot
26
2.4.2
Cloning
VMs
26
2.4.3
High Availability Mechanisms
28
2.5
Reliability and Availability Risks of Virtualization
28
3
SERVICE RELIABILITY AND SERVICE AVAILABILITY
29
30
31
34
35
36
37
38
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
50
51
53
56
58
3.8.1
Control and Data Planes
58
3.8.2
Service Quality Metrics
59
3.8.3
Isochronal Data
60
3.8.4
Latency Expectations
60
3.8.5
Streaming Quality Impairments
61
3.9
Reliability and Availability Risks of Cloud Computing
62
3.1
Errors and Failures
3.2
Eight-Ingredient Framework
3.3
Service
Availability
3.3.1
Service Availability Metric
3.3.2
MTBF and MTTR
3.3.3
Service and Network Element Impact Outages
3.3.4
Partial Outages
3.3.5
Availability Ratings
3.3.6
Outage Attributability
3.3.7
Planned or Scheduled Downtime
3.4
Service
Reliability
3.4.1
Service Reliability Metrics
3.4.2
Defective Transactions
3.5
Service
Latency
3.6
Redundancy and High Availability
3.6.1
Redundancy
3.6.2
High Availability
3.7
High Availability and Disaster Recovery
3.8
Streaming Services
CONTENTS
¡χ
II ANALYSIS
63
65
65
66
66
67
67
67
69
70
70
70
71
71
71
71
72
72
73
74
74
75
76
77
77
78
79
79
80
80
82
83
83
85
85
86
86
86
86
4.8
Risks of Deployment Models
87
4.9
Expectations of IaaS Data Centers
87
4
ANALYZING
CLOUD RELIABILITY AND AVAILABILITY
4.1
Expectations for Service Reliability and
Availability
4.2
Risks
of Essential Cloud Characteristics
4.2.1
On-Demand Self-Service
4.2.2
Broad Network Access
4.2.3
Resource Pooling
4.2.4
Rapid Elasticity
4.2.5
Measured Service
4.3
Impacts of Common Cloud Characteristics
4.3.1
Virtualization
4.3.2
Geographic Distribution
4.3.3
Resilient Computing
4.3.4
Advanced Security
4.3.5
Massive Scale
4.3.6
Homogeneity
4.4
Risks
of Service Models
4.4.1
Traditional Accountability
4.4.2
Cloud-Based Application Accountability
4.5
IT Service Management and Availability Risks
4.5.1
ITTL Overview
4.5.2
Service Strategy
4.5.3
Service Design
4.5.4
Service Transition
4.5.5
Service Operation
4.5.6
Continual Service Improvement
4.5.7
IT Service Management Summary
4.5.8
Risks of Service Orchestration
4.5.9
IT Service Management Risks
4.6
Outage Risks by Process Area
4.6.1
Validating Outage Attributability
4.7
Failure Detection Considerations
4.7.1
Hardware Failures
4.7.2
Programming Errors
4.7.3
Data Inconsistency and Errors
4.7.4
Redundancy Errors
4.7.5
System Power Failures
4.7.6
Network Errors
4.7.7
Application Protocol Errors
CONTENTS
5
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF VISUALIZATION
90
5.1
Reliability Analysis Techniques
90
5.1.1
Reliability Block Diagrams
90
5.1.2
Single Point of Failure Analysis
92
5.1.3
Failure Mode Effects Analysis
92
5.2
Reliability Analysis of Virtualization Techniques
95
5.2.1
Analysis of Full Virtualization
95
5.2.2
Analysis of OS Virtualization
95
5.2.3
Analysis of Paravirtualization
96
5.2.4
Analysis of VM Coresidency
97
5.2.5
Discussion
99
5.3
Software Failure Rate Analysis
100
5.3.1
Virtualization and Software Failure Rate
100
5.3.2
Hypervisor Failure Rate
101
5.3.3
Miscellaneous Software Risks of Virtualization
and Cloud
101
5.4
Recovery Models
101
5.4.1
Traditional Recovery Options
101
5.4.2
Virtualized Recovery Options
102
5.4.3
Discussion
107
5.5
Application Architecture Strategies
108
5.5.1
On-Demand Single-User Model
108
5.5.2
Single-User Daemon Model
109
5.5.3
Multiuser Server Model
109
5.5.4
Consolidated Server Model
109
5.6
Availability Modeling of Virtualized Recovery Options
110
5.6.1
Availability of Virtualized Simplex Architecture 111
5.6.2
Availability of Virtualized Redundant Architecture
111
5.6.3
Critical Failure Rate
112
5.6.4
Failure Coverage
113
5.6.5
Failure Detection Latency
113
5.6.6
Switchover Latency
113
5.6.7
Switchover Success Probability
114
5.6.8
Modeling and Fast Failure
114
5.6.9
Comparison of Native and Virtualized Deployments
115
6
HARDWARE RELIABILITY, VIRTUALIZATION,
AND SERVICE AVAILABILITY
116
6.1
Hardware Downtime Expectations
116
6.2
Hardware Failures
117
6.3
Hardware Failure Rate
119
CONTENTS
6.4
Hardware
Failure Detection
6.5
Hardware
Failure
Containment
6.6
Hardware
Failure Mitigation
6.7
Mitigating Hardware Failures via Virtualization
6.7.1
Virtual CPU
6.7.2
Virtual Memory
6.7.3
Virtual Storage
6.8
Virtualized Networks
6.8.1
Virtual Network Interface Cards
6.8.2
Virtual Local Area Networks
6.8.3
Virtual IP Addresses
6.8.4
Virtual Private Networks
6.9
MTTR of Virtualized Hardware
6.10
Discussion
XI
121
122
122
124
124
125
126
127
127
128
129
129
129
131
7
CAPACITY AND ELASTICITY
132
7.1
System Load Basics
132
7.1.1
Extraordinary Event Considerations
134
7.1.2
Slashdot Effect
134
7.2
Overload, Service Reliability, and Service Availability
135
7.3
Traditional Capacity Planning
136
7.4
Cloud and Capacity
137
7.4.1
Nominal Cloud Capacity Model
138
7.4.2
Elasticity Expectations
141
7.5
Managing Online Capacity
144
7.5.1
Capacity Planning Assumptions of Cloud
Computing
145
7.6
Capacity-Related Service Risks
147
7.6.1
Elasticity and Elasticity Failure
147
7.6.2
Partial Capacity Failure
149
7.6.3
Service Latency Risk
150
7.6.4
Capacity Impairments and Service Reliability
152
7.7
Capacity Management Risks
153
7.7.1
Brittle Application Architecture
154
7.7.2
Faulty or Inadequate Monitoring Data
155
7.7.3
Faulty Capacity Decisions
155
7.7.4
Unreliable Capacity Growth
155
7.7.5
Unreliable Capacity Degrowth
156
7.7.6
Inadequate Slew Rate
156
7.7.7
Tardy Capacity Management Decisions
156
7.7.8
Resource Stock Out Not Covered
157
x¡¡
CONTENTS
7.7.9
Cloud Burst Fails
157
7.7.10
Policy Constraints
157
7.8
Security and Service Availability
157
7.8.1
Security Risk to Service Availability
157
7.8.2
Denial of Service Attacks
159
7.8.3
Defending against DoS Attacks
160
7.8.4
Quantifying Service Availability Impact
of Security Attacks
161
7.8.5
Recommendations
162
7.9
Architecting for Elastic Growth and Degrowth
162
8
SERVICE ORCHESTRATION ANALYSIS
164
8.1
Service Orchestration Definition
164
8.2
Policy-Based Management
166
8.2.1
The Role of SLRs
167
8.2.2
Service Reliability and Availability
Measurements
168
8.3
Cloud Management
168
8.3.1
Role of Rapid Elasticity in Cloud Management
169
8.3.2
Role of Cloud Bursting in Cloud Management
169
8.4
Service Orchestration s Role in Risk Mitigation
169
8.4.1
Latency
170
8.4.2
Reliability
170
8.4.3
Regulatory
171
8.4.4
Security
171
8.5
Summary
172
9
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION, GEOREDUNDANCY.
AND DISASTER RECOVERY
174
9.1
Geographic Distribution versus Georedundancy
175
9.2
Traditional Disaster Recovery
175
9.3
Virtualization and Disaster Recovery
177
9.4
Cloud Computing and Disaster Recovery
178
9.5
Georedundancy Recovery Models
180
9.6
Cloud and Traditional Collateral Benefits
of Georedundancy
180
9.6.1
Reduced Planned Downtime
180
9.6.2
Mitigate Catastrophic Network Element Failures
181
9.6.3
Mitigate Extended Uncovered and Duplex
Failure Outages
181
9.7
Discussion
182
CONTENTS Xiii
III RECOMMENDATIONS
183
10
APPLICATIONS, SOLUTIONS, AND ACCOUNTABILITY
185
10.1
Application Configuration Scenarios
185
10.2
Application Deployment Scenario
187
10.3
System Downtime Budgets
188
10.3.1
Traditional System Downtime Budget
189
10.3.2
Virtualized Application Downtime Budget
189
10.3.3
IaaS Hardware Downtime Expectations
191
10.3.4
Cloud-Based Application Downtime Budget
193
10.3.5
Summary
195
10.4
End-to-End Solutions Considerations
197
10.4.1
What is an End-to-End Solution?
197
10.4.2
Consumer-Specific Architectures
198
10.4.3
Data Center Redundancy
199
10.5
Attributability for Service Impairments
201
10.6
Solution Service Measurement
204
10.6.1
Service Availability Measurement Points
204
10.7
Managing Reliability and Service of Cloud
Computing
207
11
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ARCHITECTING
ARI
11.1
11.2
11.3
IVBLE SYSTEM
209
Architecting for Virtualization and Cloud
209
11.1.1
Mapping Software into
VMs
210
11.1.2
Service Load Distribution
210
11.1.3
Data Management
211
11.1.4
Software Redundancy and High Availability
Mechanisms
212
11.1.5
Rapid Elasticity
214
11.1.6
Overload Control
214
11.1.7
Coresidency
215
11.1.8
Multitenancy
215
11.1.9
Isochronal Applications
216
Disaster Recovery
216
IT Service Management Considerations
217
11.3.1
Software Upgrade and Patch
217
11.3.2
Service Transition Activity Effect
Analysis
218
11.3.3
Mitigating Service Transition Activity
Effects via VM Migration
219
11.3.4
Testing Service Transition Activities
221
x¡v
CONTENTS
11.3.5
Minimizing Procedural Errors
221
11.3.6
Service Orchestration Considerations
223
11.4
Many Distributed Clouds versus Fewer Huge Clouds
224
11.5
Minimizing Hardware-Attributed Downtime
225
11.5.1
Hardware Downtime in Traditional High
Availability Configurations
226
11.6
Architectural Optimizations
231
11.6.1
Reliability and Availability Criteria
232
11.6.2
Optimizing Accessibility
233
11.6.3
Optimizing High Availability, Retainability, Reliability,
and Quality
235
11.6.4
Optimizing Disaster Recovery
235
11.6.5
Operational Considerations
236
11.6.6
Case Study
236
11.6.7
Theoretically Optimal Application Architecture
241
12
DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY OF VIRTUALIZED APPLICATIONS
244
12.1
Design for Reliability
244
12.2
Tailoring DfR for Virtualized Applications
246
12.2.1
Hardware Independence Usage Scenario
246
12.2.2
Server Consolidation Usage Scenario
247
12.2.3
Multitenant Usage Scenario
248
12.2.4
Virtual Appliance Usage Scenario
248
12.2.5
Cloud Deployment Usage Scenario
248
12.3
Reliability Requirements
248
12.3.1
General Availability Requirements
249
12.3.2
Service Reliability and Latency
Requirements
250
12.3.3
Overload Requirements
251
12.3.4
Online Capacity Growth and Degrowth
253
12.3.5
(Virtualization) Live Migration Requirements
253
12.3.6
System Transition Activity Requirements
254
12.3.7
Georedundancy and Service Continuity
Requirements
255
12.4
Qualitative Reliability Analysis
256
12.4.1
SPOF Analysis for Virtualized Applications
256
12.4.2
Failure Mode Effects Analysis for Virtualized
Applications
258
12.4.3
Capacity Growth and Degrowth Analysis
258
12.5
Quantitative Reliability Budgeting and Modeling
259
12.5.1
Availability (Downtime) Modeling
259
12.5.2
Converging Downtime Budgets and Targets
260
12.5.3
Managing Maintenance Budget Allocation
260
CONTENTS
XV
12.6
Robustness Testing
260
12.6.1
Baseline Robustness Testing
261
12.6.2
Advanced Topic: Can Virtualization Enable Better
Robustness Testing?
265
12.7
Stability Testing
267
12.8
Field Performance Analysis
268
12.9
Reliability Roadmap
269
12.10
Hardware Reliability
270
13
DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY OF CLOUD SOLUTIONS
271
13.1
Solution Design for Reliability
271
13.2
Solution Scope and Expectations
273
13.3
Reliability Requirements
275
13.3.1
Solution Availability Requirements
275
13.3.2
Solution Reliability Requirements
276
13.3.3
Disaster Recovery Requirements
277
13.3.4
Elasticity Requirements
277
13.3.5
Specifying Configuration Parameters
278
13.4
Solution Modeling and Analysis
279
13.4.1
Reliability Block Diagram of Cloud Data
Center Deployment
279
13.4.2
Solution Failure Mode Effects Analysis
280
13.4.3
Solution Service Transition Activity Effects Analysis
280
13.4.4
Cloud Data Center Service Availability
(MP
2)
Analysis
280
13.4.5
Aggregate Service Availability (MP
3)
Modeling
281
13.4.6
Recovery Point Objective Analysis
285
13.5
Element Reliability Diligence
285
13.6
Solution Testing and Validation
285
13.6.1
Robustness Testing
286
13.6.2
Service Reliability Testing
286
13.6.3
Georedundancy Testing
286
13.6.4
Elasticity and Orchestration Testing
287
13.6.5
Stability Testing
287
13.6.6
In Service Testing
288
13.7
Track and Analyze Field Performance
288
13.7.1
Cloud Service Measurements
289
13.7.2
Solution Reliability Roadmapping
291
13.8
Other Solution Reliability Diligence Topics
292
13.8.1
Service-Level Agreements
292
13.8.2
Cloud Service Provider Selection
293
13.8.3
Written Reliability Plan
293
XV¡
CONTENTS
14
SUMMARY
296
14.1 Service
Reliability and Service Availability
297
14.2
Failure Accountability and Cloud Computing
299
14.3
Factoring Service Downtime
301
14.4
Service Availability Measurement Points
303
14.5
Cloud Capacity and Elasticity Considerations
306
14.6
Maximizing Service Availability
306
14.6.1
Reducing Product Attributable Downtime
. 307
14.6.2
Reducing Data Center Attributable Downtime
307
14.6.3
Reducing IT Service Management Downtime
307
14.6.4
Reducing Disaster Recovery Downtime
308
14.6.5
Optimal Cloud Service Availability
308
14.7
Reliability Diligence
309
14.8
Concluding Remarks
310
Abbreviations
311
References
314
About the Authors
318
Index
319
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Bauer, Eric Adams, Randee |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1026373336 |
| author_facet | Bauer, Eric Adams, Randee |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Bauer, Eric |
| author_variant | e b eb r a ra |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040346756 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QA76 |
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| callnumber-search | QA76.585 |
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| callnumber-subject | QA - Mathematics |
| classification_rvk | ST 200 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)812051578 (DE-599)BVBBV040346756 |
| dewey-full | 004.6782 |
| dewey-hundreds | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| dewey-ones | 004 - Computer science |
| dewey-raw | 004.6782 |
| dewey-search | 004.6782 |
| dewey-sort | 14.6782 |
| dewey-tens | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| discipline | Informatik |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV040346756 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:22:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781118177013 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2011052839 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025200895 |
| oclc_num | 812051578 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-20 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-Aug4 |
| owner_facet | DE-20 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-Aug4 |
| physical | XXVIII, 323 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Bauer, Eric Verfasser (DE-588)1026373336 aut Reliability and availability of cloud computing Eric Bauer ; Randee Adams Hoboken, N.J. Wiley 2012 XXVIII, 323 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cloud computing Computer software Reliabillity Computer software Quality control Computer security TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Quality Control bisacsh Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 gnd rswk-swf Cloud Computing (DE-588)7623494-0 gnd rswk-swf Cloud Computing (DE-588)7623494-0 s Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 s DE-604 Adams, Randee Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025200895&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bauer, Eric Adams, Randee Reliability and availability of cloud computing Cloud computing Computer software Reliabillity Computer software Quality control Computer security TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Quality Control bisacsh Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 gnd Cloud Computing (DE-588)7623494-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4167271-9 (DE-588)7623494-0 |
| title | Reliability and availability of cloud computing |
| title_auth | Reliability and availability of cloud computing |
| title_exact_search | Reliability and availability of cloud computing |
| title_full | Reliability and availability of cloud computing Eric Bauer ; Randee Adams |
| title_fullStr | Reliability and availability of cloud computing Eric Bauer ; Randee Adams |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability and availability of cloud computing Eric Bauer ; Randee Adams |
| title_short | Reliability and availability of cloud computing |
| title_sort | reliability and availability of cloud computing |
| topic | Cloud computing Computer software Reliabillity Computer software Quality control Computer security TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Quality Control bisacsh Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 gnd Cloud Computing (DE-588)7623494-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cloud computing Computer software Reliabillity Computer software Quality control Computer security TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Quality Control Leistungsbewertung Cloud Computing |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025200895&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bauereric reliabilityandavailabilityofcloudcomputing AT adamsrandee reliabilityandavailabilityofcloudcomputing |