Fundamentals of biomechanics: equilibrium, motion, and deformation
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York [u.a.]
Springer
2012
|
| Edition: | 3. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXII, 273 S. |
| ISBN: | 9781461411499 9781461411505 |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: Fundamentals of biomechanics
Autor: Özkaya, Nihat
Jahr: 2012
Contents
1 Introduction............................................................................................................1
1.1 Mechanics......................................................................................................1
1.2 Biomechanics..................................................................................................2
1.3 Basic Concepts................................................................................................3
1.4 Newton s Laws..............................................................................................3
1.5 Dimensional Analysis....................................................................................3
1.6 Systems of Units............................................................................................4
1.7 Conversion of Units........................................................................................5
1.8 Mathematics....................................................................................................5
1.9 Scalars and Vectors........................................................................................6
1.10 Modeling and Approximations........................................................................6
1.11 Generalized Procedure....................................................................................6
1.12 Scope of the Text............................................................................................6
1.13 Notation..........................................................................................................7
Suggested Reading..........................................................................................7
2 Force Vector............................................................................................................9
2.1 Definition of Force..........................................................................................9
2.2 Properties of Force as a Vector Quantity........................................................9
2.3 Dimension and Units of Force........................................................................10
2.4 Force Systems................................................................................................10
2.5 External and Internal Forces............................................................................10
2.6 Normal and Tangential Forces........................................................................10
2.7 Tensile and Compressive Forces....................................................................11
2.8 Coplanar Forces..............................................................................................11
2.9 Collinear Forces..............................................................................................11
2.10 Concurrent Forces..........................................................................................11
2.11 Parallel Force...............................................................11
2.12 Gravitational Force or Weight........................................................................11
2.13 Distributed Force Systems and Pressure..........................................................12
2.14 Frictional Forces............................................................................................13
2.15 Exercise Problems..........................................................................................15
3 Moment and Torque Vectors..................................................................................19
3.1 Definitions of Moment and Torque Vectors....................................................19
3.2 Magnitude of Moment....................................................................................19
3.3 Direction of Moment......................................................................................20
3.4 Dimension and Units of Moment....................................................................20
xiii
xiv
Contents
3.5 Some Fine Points About the Moment Vector..................................................21
3.6 The Net or Resultant Moment........................................................................22
3.7 The Couple and Couple-Moment....................................................................26
3.8 Translation of Forces......................................................................................26
3.9 Moment as a Vector Product..........................................................................27
3.10 Exercise Problems..........................................................................................30
4 Statics: Systems in Equilibrium..............................................................................35
4.1 Overview........................................................................................................35
4.2 Newton s Laws of Mechanics..........................................................................35
4.3 Conditions for Equilibrium..............................................................................36
4.4 Free-Body Diagrams......................................................................................38
4.5 Procedure to Analyze Systems in Equilibrium................................................38
4.6 Notes Concerning the Equilibrium Equations..................................................39
4.7 Constraints and Reactions..............................................................................40
4.8 Simply Supported Structures..........................................................................40
4.9 Cable-Pulley Systems and Traction Devices....................................................45
4.10 Built-in Structures..........................................................................................47
4.11 Systems Involving Friction..............................................................................51
4.12 Center of Gravity Determination....................................................................52
4.13 Exercise Problems..........................................................................................56
5 Applications of Statics to Biomechanics................................................................61
5.1 Skeletal Joints................................................................................................61
5.2 Skeletal Muscles............................................................................................62
5.3 Basic Considerations......................................................................................62
5.4 Basic Assumptions and Limitations................................................................62
5.5 Mechanics of the Elbow..................................................................................63
5.6 Mechanics of the Shoulder..............................................................................67
5.7 Mechanics of the Spinal Column....................................................................70
5.8 Mechanics of the Hip......................................................................................74
5.9 Mechanics of the Knee....................................................................................80
5.10 Mechanics of the Ankle..................................................................................84
6 Introduction to Dynamics......................................................................................87
6.1 Dynamics........................................................................................................87
6.2 Kinematics and Kinetics..................................................................................87
6.3 Linear, Angular, and General Motions............................................................87
6.4 Distance and Displacement............................................................................88
6.5 Speed and Velocity........................................................................................89
6.6 Acceleration....................................................................................................89
6.7 Inertia and Momentum....................................................................................89
6.8 Degree of Freedom........................................................................................89
6.9 Particle Concept..............................................................................................89
6.10 Reference Frames and Coordinate Systems....................................................89
6.11 Prerequisites for Dynamic Analysis................................................................90
6.12 Topics to Be Covered......................................................................................90
7 Linear Kinematics..................................................................................................91
7.1 Uniaxial Motion..............................................................................................91
7.2 Position, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration........................................91
7.3 Dimensions and Units....................................................................................92
7.4 Measured and Derived Quantities....................................................................93
Contents xv
7.5 Uniaxial Motion with Constant Acceleration..............................................93
7.6 Examples of Uniaxial Motion......................................................................94
7.7 Biaxial Motion............................................................................................99
7.8 Position, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors..............................................99
7.9 Biaxial Motion with Constant Acceleration................................................101
7.10 Projectile Motion........................................................................................101
7.11 Applications to Athletics............................................................................104
7.12 Exercise Problems......................................................................................107
8 Linear Kinetics....................................................................................................109
8.1 Overview....................................................................................................109
8.2 Equations of Motion....................................................................................109
8.3 Special Cases of Translational Motion........................................................110
8.3.1 Force is Constant..........................................................................110
8.3.2 Force Is a Function of Time..........................................................Ill
8.3.3 Force Is a Function of Displacement..............................................Ill
8.4 Procedure for Problem Solving in Kinetics..................................................Ill
8.5 Work and Energy Methods..........................................................................113
8.6 Mechanical Work........................................................................................113
8.6.1 Work Done by a Constant Force....................................................113
8.6.2 Work Done by a Varying Force......................................................114
8.6.3 Work as a Scalar Product..............................................................114
8.7 Mechanical Energy....................................................................................115
8.7.1 Potential Energy............................................................................115
8.7.2 Kinetic Energy..............................................................................115
8.8 Work-Energy Theorem..............................................................................115
8.9 Conservation of Energy Principle................................................................115
8.10 Dimension and Units of Work and Energy..................................................115
8.11 Power........................................................................................................116
8.12 Applications of Energy Methods................................................................116
8.13 Exercise Problems......................................................................................119
9 Angular Kinematics............................................................................................121
9.1 Polar Coordinates........................................................121
9.2 Angular Position and Displacement............................................................121
9.3 Angular Velocity........................................................................................122
9.4 Angular Acceleration..................................................................................122
9.5 Dimensions and Units................................................................................123
9.6 Definitions of Basic Concepts....................................................................123
9.7 Rotational Motion About a Fixed Axis........................................................129
9.8 Relationships Between Linear and Angular Quantities................................130
9.9 Uniform Circular Motion............................................................................131
9.10 Rotational Motion with Constant Acceleration............................................131
9.11 Relative Motion..........................................................................................131
9.12 Linkage Systems........................................................................................133
9.13 Exercise Problems......................................................................................136
10 Angular Kinetics..................................................................................................139
10.1 Kinetics of Angular Motion........................................................................139
10.2 Torque and Angular Acceleration................................................................143
10.3 Mass Moment of Inertia..............................................................................144
10.4 Parallel-Axis Theorem................................................................................144
10.5 Radius of Gyration......................................................................................145
Contents xvii
14.4 Principal Stresses......................................................................................194
14.5 Mohr s Circle............................................................................................195
14.6 Failure Theories........................................................................................198
14.7 Allowable Stress and Factor of Safety......................................................199
14.8 Factors Affecting the Strength of Materials..............................................199
14.9 Fatigue and Endurance..............................................................................200
14.10 Stress Concentration..................................................................................201
14.11 Torsion....................................................................................................202
14.12 Bending....................................................................................................207
14.13 Combined Loading....................................................................................215
14.14 Exercise Problems....................................................................................217
15 Mechanical Properties of Biological Tissues......................................................221
15.1 Viscoelasticity..........................................................................................221
15.2 Analogies Based on Springs and Dashpots................................................222
15.3 Empirical Models of Viscoelasticity..........................................................223
15.3.1 Kelvin-Voight Model..................................................................223
15.3.2 Maxwell Model............................................................................224
15.3.3 Standard Solid Model..................................................................224
15.4 Time-Dependent Material Response..........................................................225
15.5 Comparison of Elasticity and Viscoelasticity............................................225
15.6 Common Characteristics of Biological Tissues..........................................228
15.7 Biomechanics of Bone..............................................................................228
15.7.1 Composition of Bone..................................................................229
15.7.2 Mechanical Properties of Bone....................................................229
15.7.3 Structural Integrity of Bone..........................................................231
15.7.4 Bone Fractures............................................................................231
15.8 Tendons and Ligaments............................................................................232
15.9 Skeletal Muscles......................................................................................233
15.10 Articular Cartilage....................................................................................234
15.11 Discussion................................................................................................235
15.12 Exercise Problem......................................................................................235
Appendix A: Plane Geometry..................................................................................237
Appendix B: Vector Algebra....................................................................................241
Appendix C: Calculus..............................................................................................255
Index ........................................................................................................................269
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| spelling | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation Nihat Özkaya ; Margareta Nordin ... 3. ed. New York [u.a.] Springer 2012 XXII, 273 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biomécanique Biyomekanik Biomechanics Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 s DE-604 Özkaya, Nihat 1956-1998 Sonstige (DE-588)121280101 oth Nordin, Margareta Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024972819&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation Biomécanique Biyomekanik Biomechanics Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006880-8 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation |
| title_auth | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation |
| title_exact_search | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation |
| title_full | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation Nihat Özkaya ; Margareta Nordin ... |
| title_fullStr | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation Nihat Özkaya ; Margareta Nordin ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium, motion, and deformation Nihat Özkaya ; Margareta Nordin ... |
| title_short | Fundamentals of biomechanics |
| title_sort | fundamentals of biomechanics equilibrium motion and deformation |
| title_sub | equilibrium, motion, and deformation |
| topic | Biomécanique Biyomekanik Biomechanics Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biomécanique Biyomekanik Biomechanics Biomechanik Einführung |
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