Individual criminal responsibility in international law:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2012
|
| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Series: | Oxford monographs in international law
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | XXXII, 337 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780199560363 0199560366 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Individual criminal responsibility in international law |c Elies van Sliedregt |
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| 490 | 0 | |a Oxford monographs in international law | |
| 502 | |a Teilw. zugl.: Diss., 2003 | ||
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Record in the Search Index
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Contents
Abbreviations
xix
Table of Cases
xxi
PARTI: INTRODUCTION
1.
Criminal Responsibility in International Law
3
1.1
War and law
3
1.2
From war crimes law to international criminal law
4
1.3
State responsibility vis-a-vis individual responsibility
5
1.4
International criminal law
8
1.4.1
Nature of norms
8
1.4.2
Pluralism or uniformity?
9
1.4.3
Sources of law
12
2.
Collective Criminality, Individual Responsibility
17
2.1
Individual criminal responsibility
17
2.1.1
Developments in municipal criminal law
17
2.1.2
International criminal responsibility
18
2.2
System criminality
20
2.3
Bernays' collective criminality theory
22
2.3.1
Conspiracy
—
criminal responsibility at leadership level
23
2.3.2
Criminal organizations
—
criminal responsibility at execution level
26
2.4
Subsequent proceedings
30
2.4.1
Membership liability
32
2.4.2
Common design
33
2.4.3
Complicity
35
2.5
Concluding observations
36
3.
Parameters of Criminal Responsibility
39
3.1
Terminology
39
3.2
Subjective element
40
3.2.1
ICC Statute
45
3.2.2
Ad hoc tribunals
50
3.3
Objective element
52
3.3.1
Broad and narrow understanding
53
3.3.2
Commission and omission
54
Contents
PART
2:
ATTRIBUTING CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY
4.
Perpetration and Participation
61
4.1
Codifying individual criminal responsibility
61
4.2
Participation in crime: a comparative perspective
65
4.2.1
Unitary and differentiated models
65
4.2.2
Derivative and autonomous models
67
4.2.3
Contribution and crime-oriented models
70
4.2.4
Naturalistic and normative models
71
4.2.5
Differentiated and unitary: a fading distinction
73
4.3
International models of participation: preliminary observations
7
A
4.4
Concluding remarks
74
5.
Principals and Accessories
77
5.1
Introduction
77
5.2
The principal-accessory distinction
77
5.2.1
The advance of the normative approach
77
5.2.2
Bolstering the principal status
80
5.3
Distinguishing criteria: Roxin's theory
81
5.4
'Control of the crime'
83
5.4.1
Dualism
85
5.4.2
Roxin's theory and the ICC
86
5.5
Concluding observations
88
6.
Forms of Criminal Responsibility
89
6.1
Introduction
89
6.2
Direct and indirect perpetration
89
6.2.1
Comparative perspective
89
6.2.2
International criminal tribunals
91
6.2.3
ICC
93
6.3
Co-perpetration
95
6.3.1
Comparative perspective
95
6.3.2
International criminal tribunals
96
6.3.3
ICC
99
6.4
Instigation, ordering, soliciting, and inducing
102
6.4.1
Comparative perspective
102
6.4.2
International criminal tribunals
104
6.4.3
ICC
107
6.5
Planning
110
6.5.1
Comparative perspective
110
6.5.2
International criminal tribunals
110
6.6
Aiding and abetting
112
6.6.1
Common law origin
112
6.6.2
Comparative perspective
116
6.6.3
International criminal tribunals
120
6.6.4
ICC
127
Contents xv
6.7
Common purpose liability
131
6.7.1
Comparative perspective
131
6.7.2
International criminal tribunals
133
6.7.3
ICC
145
6.8
Attempt
147
6.8.1
Comparative perspective
147
6.8.2
International criminal tribunals
150
6.8.3
ICC
151
6.9
Conclusion: mixed models of criminal participation
153
7.
Crime-Specific and Leadership Modalities
157
7.1
Introduction
157
Leadership modalities
7.2
JCE at leadership level
157
7.2.1
Indirect co-perpetration and interlinked JCE
158
7.2.2
Observations
163
7.3
Indirect co-perpetration at the ICC
165
7.3.1
Observations
168
7.4
Indirect co-perpetration and interlinked JCE compared
170
Crime-specific modalities
7.5
Complicity in genocide
J
71
7.5.1
International criminal tribunals
172
7.5.2
ICC
178
7.6
Inchoate offences
179
7.6.1
Conspiracy to commit genocide
179
7.6.2
Incitement to commit genocide
180
7.7
Concluding observations: theories of imputation
181
8.
Superior Responsibility
183
8.1
Introduction
183
8.2
Developments in the law on superior responsibility
184
8.2.1
The
Čekbiéi
case
185
8.2.2
Successor superior responsibility
187
8.2.3
Loosening the superior-subordinate relationship
189
8.2.4
Observations
192
8.3
The ambiguous nature of superior responsibility
195
8.4
Article
28
of the ICC Statute
197
8.4.1
Textual analysis
197
8.4.2
Nature of liability
199
8.5
Superior responsibility in national law
202
8.6
A multilayered concept
204
8.7
Superior responsibility as parallel liability
206
8.7.1
Revisiting its nature
206
8.7.2
Superior responsibility as 'lex
speciális
207
8.8
Concluding observations
209
Contents
PART
3:
DEFENCES
9.
Grounds for Excluding Criminal Responsibility
213
9.1
Introduction
213
9.2
Preliminary observations
214
9.2.1
International law defences and criminal law defences
215
9.2.2
Justification and excuse
215
9.2.3
The mental element and defences
217
9.2.4
The reasonable person standard and
Garantenstellung
219
9.2.5
The
culpa
in causa or 'conduct-in-causing' analysis
221
9.3
Article
31
of the ICC Statute
221
9.4
Mental defect
224
9.4.1
Text
224
9.4.2
Comparative perspective
224
9.4.3
International jurisprudence
226
9.5
Intoxication
228
9.5.1
Text
228
9.5.2
Comparative perspective
230
9.5.3
International jurisprudence
233
9.6
Self-defence
233
9.6.1
Preliminary observations
233
9.6.2
Text
235
9.6.3
Comparative perspective
239
9.6.4
International jurisprudence
240
9.7
Duress
242
9.7.1
Text
242
9.7.2
Comparative perspective
243
9.7.3
International jurisprudence
249
9.8
Non-statutory defences
260
9-8.1
Belligerent reprisals
261
9.8.2
Tu quoque
263
9.8.3
Military necessity
264
9.9
Concluding observations
267
10.
Mistake of Fact and Law
269
10.1
Introduction
269
10.2
The defence of mistake
269
10.2.1
Descriptive and normative elements
269
10.2.2
Mistake of fact
271
10.2.3
Mistake of law
271
10.2.4
The scope of mistake of law in
ICL
272
10.3
International jurisprudence
274
10.4
Comparative perspective
276
10.4.1
Anglo-American law
276
10.4.2
Civil law
278
Contents xvii
10.5
Article
32
of the ICC Statute
281
10.5.1
The interplay between Articles
32
and
30
of the ICC Statute
281
10.5.2
Interpreting Article
32 284
10.6
Concluding observations
285
11.
Superior Orders
287
11.1
Introduction
287
11.2
Legal history
287
11.3
Article
33
of the ICC Statute
293
11.3.1
Text
293
11.3.2
Three conditions
295
11.4
International jurisprudence
296
11.5
Superior orders in national law
299
11.5.1
The conditional liability approach
299
11.5.2
Absolute liability approach
301
11.5.3
A combined approach
302
11.5.4
Justification or excuse?
303
11.6
Battlefield reality
304
11.7
Concluding observations
306
Annex: Selected Provisions
307
Bibliography
ЗІЗ
Index
333
This book examines the concept of individual criminal
responsibility for serious violations of international law,
such as aggression, genocide, crimes against humanity,
and war crimes. These crimes are rarely committed by
single individuals. Rather, international crimes generally
connote a plurality of offenders, particularly in the
execution of the crimes, which are often orchestrated
and masterminded by individuals behind the scene of
the crimes who can be termed 'intellectual perpetrators'.
For a determination of individual guilt and responsibility,
a fair assessment of the mutual relationships between
those persons is indispensable.
By setting out how to understand and apply concepts
such as joint criminal enterprise, superior responsibility,
duress, and the defence of superior orders, this work
provides a framework for that assessment. It does so by
bringing to light the roots of these concepts, which lie not
merely in earlier phases of development of international
criminal law but also in domestic law and legal doctrine.
The book also critically reflects on how criminal
responsibility has been developed in the case law of
international criminal tribunals and courts. It thus
illuminates and analyses the rules on individual
responsibility in international law.
Elies van Sliedregt is Professor of Criminal Law
at the
Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam. |
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| indexdate | 2025-02-06T13:00:51Z |
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| spelling | Sliedregt, Elies van Verfasser aut Individual criminal responsibility in international law Elies van Sliedregt 1. publ. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2012 XXXII, 337 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford monographs in international law Teilw. zugl.: Diss., 2003 Criminal liability (International law) Crimes against humanity Völkerrechtliches Verbrechen (DE-588)4204241-0 gnd rswk-swf Völkerstrafrecht (DE-588)4188481-4 gnd rswk-swf Strafbarkeit (DE-588)4131795-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Völkerstrafrecht (DE-588)4188481-4 s Völkerrechtliches Verbrechen (DE-588)4204241-0 s Strafbarkeit (DE-588)4131795-6 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024837884&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024837884&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Sliedregt, Elies van Individual criminal responsibility in international law Criminal liability (International law) Crimes against humanity Völkerrechtliches Verbrechen (DE-588)4204241-0 gnd Völkerstrafrecht (DE-588)4188481-4 gnd Strafbarkeit (DE-588)4131795-6 gnd |
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| title | Individual criminal responsibility in international law |
| title_auth | Individual criminal responsibility in international law |
| title_exact_search | Individual criminal responsibility in international law |
| title_full | Individual criminal responsibility in international law Elies van Sliedregt |
| title_fullStr | Individual criminal responsibility in international law Elies van Sliedregt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual criminal responsibility in international law Elies van Sliedregt |
| title_short | Individual criminal responsibility in international law |
| title_sort | individual criminal responsibility in international law |
| topic | Criminal liability (International law) Crimes against humanity Völkerrechtliches Verbrechen (DE-588)4204241-0 gnd Völkerstrafrecht (DE-588)4188481-4 gnd Strafbarkeit (DE-588)4131795-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Criminal liability (International law) Crimes against humanity Völkerrechtliches Verbrechen Völkerstrafrecht Strafbarkeit Hochschulschrift |
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