The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages: a legal history
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Hart
2011
|
| Series: | Hart monographs in transnational and international law
6 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XLVI, 736 S. graph. Darst. |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE VII
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XIX
TABLE OF CASES XXI
TABLE OF LEGISLATION XXXI
INTERNATIONAL AND MISCELLANEOUS LEGISLATION XLV
PROLOGUE 1
1. THE THEME 1
2. THE CONTEXT 2
3. DESCRIPTION 6
4. CONTRIBUTION TO SCHOLARSHIP 10
1. MONEY, PAYMENT IN MONEY, AND THE ORDER TO PAY MONEY 15
1. INTRODUCTION 16
2. MONEY 17
3. PAYMENT IN MONEY 25
3.1 THE MEANING OF PAYMENT 25
3.2 TENDER OF MONEY 26
3.3 THE PROCESS OF PAYMENT: COMPLETION, RISK AND REMEDIES 32
4. THE ORDER TO PAY MONEY: THE CONCEPT OF A PAYMENT MECHANISM 37
4.1 TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY VALUE: GENERAL FRAMEWORK 37
(I) THE BASIC MODEL 37
(II) THE THREE-PARTY PAYMENT MECHANISM 39
(III) MULTIPARTITE-PAYMENT MECHANISMS 45
4.2 TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY VALUE: LEGAL ISSUES 47
(I) INTRODUCTORY NOTES 47
(II) THREE-PARTY PAYMENT MECHANISM 47
THE ISSUES 47
FIRST AND SECOND ISSUES: PAYMASTER S DUTIES TOWARDS DEBTOR AND CREDITOR
49
SECOND ISSUE: SCOPE OF CREDITOR S ENTITLEMENT 52 THIRD ISSUE: DEBTOR S
DISCHARGE 54
FOURTH ISSUE: PAYMASTER S DISCHARGE 55
DISCHARGE: SUMMARY 56
(III) FOUR-PARTY MONEY-TRANSMITTER PAYMENT MECHANISMS 56 (IV) FOUR-PARTY
BANKER PAYMENT MECHANISMS 58
IMAGE 2
XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.3 CONCLUSION 60
4.4 ADDENDUM: PAYMENT BY PAYMASTER S OBLIGATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF
MODERN PAYMENT MECHANISMS 61
2. MONEY AND MONETARY LEGAL THEORY IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES 68
1. MONEY IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES 68
1.1 OVERVIEW 68
1.2 ORIGINS 73
1.3 EXPANSION 81
1.4 DEBASEMENT AND TRANSFORMATION 87
2. THE MONETARY LEGAL THEORY UNDER THE TALMUD 92
2.1 INTRODUCTION 92
2.2 COINS AS MONEY AND ORDINARY CHATTELS: THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE MONEY
CHANGE TRANSACTION 97
2.3 COINS VALUED ON BASIS OF METAL: EFFECT OF EROSION 101 (I)
INTRODUCTION 101
(II) DEFICIENT COINS AS MONEY 103
(III) EROSION TO THE LIMIT OF FRAUD 103
(IV) EROSION BEYOND THE LIMIT OF FRAUD 105
2.4 PROPERTY RULES APPLICABLE TO COINS: FACILITATING CIRCULATION 107 2.5
CONCLUSION 110
3. FROM METALLISM TO NOMINALISM: EVOLUTION OF MONETARY LEGAL THEORY IN
ROMAN LAW AND THE COMMON LAW OF ENGLAND 111
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 115
3. FUNDS TRANSFERS IN ANTIQUITY: INSTRUMENTS, INSTITUTIONS AND
MECHANISMS 116
1. INTRODUCTION 116
2. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA 118
3. ANCIENT GREECE 124
4. ANCIENT ROME 132
5. GRECO-ROMAN EGYPT 140
6. SUMMARY 155
4. DERIVING HISTORY FROM LAW: ARE CHEQUES TRACEABLE TO THE TALMUD? 158
1. INTRODUCTION 158
2. DIRECTING A CREDITOR TO A PAYMASTER: THE BAVA METZIA TEXT 161
2.1 THE TALMUDIC TEXT IN BAVA METZIA: CREDIT EXTENDED BY PAYMASTER 161
2.2 TOSAFOT S COMMENTARY - RENUNCIATION OF RECOURSE 165 2.3 OTHER
COMMENTATORS - ELABORATING TOSAFOT S DISCUSSION 172
IMAGE 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
2.4 WHICH SCENARIO?- ASPECTS OF TOSAFOT S ANALYSIS REVISITED 176 2.5
TALMUDIC TEXT IN SHEVUOT - TOSAFOT S POSITION SUPPORTED 178 3. FINAL
MODERN LAWYER S OBSERVATIONS 184
APPENDIX: GLOSSARY OF POST-TALMUDIC JEWISH LAW SOURCES 186
5. THE PAYMENT ORDER UNDER ROMAN LAW 191
1. THE ORDER TO PAY AND COMPLIANCE: AN OVERVIEW 191
2. THE DEBT OWED BY PAYMASTER TO DEBTOR 194
3. THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE DELEGATION ORDER 201
4. EXECUTING THE DELEGATION: INTRODUCTION 208
5. IMPERFECT EXECUTION: KECEPTUM AND CONSTITUTUM 210
6. PERFECT EXECUTION OF THE DELEGATION: NOVATION BY STIPULATION 214 6.1
ENFORCEABILITY BY CREDITOR OF PAYMASTER S UNDERTAKING 214 6.2 SCOPE AND
IMPACT OF PAYMASTER S UNDERTAKING 217
7. PERFECT EXECUTION OF THE DELEGATION: NOVATION OTHER THAN BY
STIPULATION 223
7.1 LITIS CONTESTATIO 223
7.2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF AN ENTRY POSTED TO CODEX ACCEPTI ET EXPERTS? 225
8. ALL CARDS SHUFFLED: DELEGATION UNDER THE REFORM PROJECTS OF JUSTINIAN
229
9. CESSION: AN ALTERNATIVE TO DELEGATION 233
10. ROMAN LAW AND PRACTICE: MULTIPARTITE APPLICATIONS OF THE MECHANISMS
241
10.1 INTRODUCTION 241
10.2 CIRCULATION OF CREDIT 242
10.3 PAYMENT TO A DISTANT PARTY 244
11. FINAL OBSERVATIONS: THE UNCERTAIN HERITAGE OF ROMAN LAW 246
6. THE MEDIEVAL HAWALE: THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE SUFTAJ AND OTHER ISLAMIC
PAYMENT INSTRUMENTS 252
1. INTRODUCTION: BANKING AND PAYMENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE MEDIEVAL
ISLAMIC WORLD 252
2. TRANSFER OF DEBT UNDER ISLAMIC LAW: THE HAWALE 257
2.1 THE MANDATE FOR COLLECTION AND THE HAWALE CONCEPT 257 2.2 THE HAWALE
IN LEGAL DOCTRINE 259
1. WHO ARE THE PARTIES TO THE HAWALE AGREEMENT? 261 2. IS THE TRANSFEREE
(PAYMASTER) TO BE INDEBTED TO THE TRANSFEROR (ORIGINAL DEBTOR) ? 262
3. IS RECOURSE AVAILABLE TO THE CREDITOR AGAINST THE TRANSFEROR
(ORIGINAL DEBTOR) ? 263
IMAGE 4
XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS
4. WHAT ARE THE TRANSFEREE (PAYMASTER) S DEFENCES? 265 5. WHAT
SECURITIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CREDITOR? 266
2.3 CODIFICATION OF HANAFI LAW: THE HATVALE UNDER THE MEJELLE 268 3. THE
SUFTAJ AND OTHER ISLAMIC PAYMENT INSTRUMENTS: THE HAWALE APPLIED 277
3.1 ISLAMIC PAYMENT INSTRUMENTS AND THE HAWALE: AN OVERVIEW 277 3.2 THE
SUFTAJ UNDER HAWALE PRINCIPLES 284
3.3 THE LEGAL NATURE AND OPERATION OF THE SUFTAJ 290
3.4 THE OBJECTIONS TO THE SUFTAJ 299
4. CONCLUSION: HAWALE, SUFTAJ AND THE BILL OF EXCHANGE 301
7. FUNDS TRANSFERS UNDER TALMUDIC LAW. ORTHODOXY AND ADAPTATION 307 1.
INTRODUCTION 307
2. TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP IN MONEY OWED 309
2.1 MONEY OWED ON LOAN OR DEPOSIT 309
2.2 DIRECT MECHANISMS FOR THE TRANSFER OF MONEY OWED 312 2.3 TRANSFER OF
MONEY OWED BY AUTHORIZING THE CREDITOR TO COLLECT FROM THE PAYMASTER:
THE URCHETA 321 2.4 TRANSFER OF MONEY OWED BY TURNING THE CREDITOR S
AGENT
TO A PAYMASTER: THE DYOKANI 326
2.5 SUMMARY 329
3. INSTRUCTING A PAYMASTER TO PAY THE CREDITOR MONEY OWED BY MEANS OF A
PRESENCE-OF-ALL-THREE DECLARATION 330 4. REMITTING COINS TO A DISTANT
PLACE: THE DYOKANI TRANSFORMED 342 5. CONCLUSION: THE TALMUDIC
CONTRIBUTION 350
8. PAYMENT ORDERS IN MEDIEVAL CONTINENTAL EUROPE: BOOK TRANSFERS AND
BILLS OF EXCHANGE 352
1. INTRODUCTION: BANKERS, BANKING AND PAYMENTS IN MEDIEVAL CONTINENTAL
EUROPE 352
2. DEPOSIT AND TRANSFER BANKING IN MEDIEVAL CONTINENTAL EUROPE 357 3.
HERALDING THE BILL OF EXCHANGE: THE MEDIEVAL CONTINENTAL BILL OF PAYMENT
369
4. THE BILL OF PAYMENT: LEGAL RELATIONSHIPS 387
5. NEGOTIABILITY ACQUIRED: THE CONTINENTAL BILL OF EXCHANGE IN THE EARLY
POST-MEDIEVAL ERA 401
6. CONCLUSION: MEDIEVAL CONTINENTAL CONTRIBUTION ASSESSED 418
9. PAYMENT ORDERS UNDER ENGLISH COMMON LAW: THE BAILMENT OF MONEY AND
THE RECEPTION OF THE BILL OF EXCHANGE 423 1. INTRODUCTION 423
2. BAILMENT OF MONEY AND THE BAILOR-BAILEE RELATIONSHIP 425
IMAGE 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII
3. THE BENEFICIARY S RIGHT TO BAILED FUNDS 433
4. THE RECEPTION OF THE BILL OF EXCHANGE - PAYEE S REMEDY 442 5. THE
BAILMENT OF MONEY AND THE BILL OF EXCHANGE AS PAYMENT MECHANISMS: A
COMPARISON 453
6. CONCLUSION 464
10. EVOLUTION AND TRANSFORMATION: THE BIRTH OF THE MODERN PAYMENT SYSTEM
IN POST-MEDIEVAL ENGLAND 467
1. INTRODUCTION 467
2. THE GOLDSMITHS SYSTEM: BANKNOTES, CHEQUES, AND BANKING NETWORK 469
2.1 INTRODUCTION 469
2.2 GOLDSMITH BANKING OPERATIONS: NOTES, CHEQUES AND BILL DISCOUNTING
471
2.3 GOLDSMITH BANKING SYSTEM: THE NETWORK 481
3. BANK OF ENGLAND: NOTE ISSUE, CHEQUE SETTLEMENT AND CENTRAL BANKING
484
3.1 INTRODUCTION 484
3.2 BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES 487
3.3 BANK OF ENGLAND BECOMES A SETTLEMENT BANK 492
3.4 BANK OF ENGLAND BECOMES A CENTRAL BANK 497
4. PAPER MONEY AND THE PROMISE TO PAY MONEY: ARE BANKNOTES PROMISSORY
NOTES ? 505
5. GOLD REDUCED TO PAPER AND ENTRIES TO ACCOUNTS: METALLISM, NOMINALISM,
PAPER MONEY AND BANK MONEY 518
11. TURNING THE WHEELS OF POST-MEDIEVAL CHANGE: PAPER CIRCULATION AND
NEGOTIABILITY UNDER ENGLISH LAW 528
1. INTRODUCTION 528
2. NEGOTIATION OF BILLS PAYABLE TO ORDER 531
3. NEGOTIATION OF NOTES PAYABLE TO ORDER 533
4. NEGOTIATION OF INSTRUMENTS PAYABLE TO THE BEARER 541
5. NEGOTIATION OF CHEQUES 547
6. NEGOTIATION AND MATERIAL NEGOTIABILITY: CIRCULATION FREE FROM CLAIMS
AND DEFENCES 552
6.1 INTRODUCTION 552
6.2 FREEDOM FROM ADVERSE CLAIMS 554
63 FREEDOM FROM CONTRACT DEFENCES 568
7. CONCLUSION: FINAL REFLECTIONS ON NEGOTIATION AND NEGOTIABILITY
582
IMAGE 6
XVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS
12. STAYING ON COURSE: THE FOOTPRINT OF ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL DOCTRINE
AND PRACTICE ON MODERN PAYMENT LAWS 585
1. INTRODUCTION 585
2. PAYMENT SERVICES AND THEIR PROVIDERS 587
3. THE BANK DEPOSIT 596
4. THE PAYMENT ORDER AND ITS EXECUTION UNDER MODERN LAW 604 5. THE
PAYMENT ORDER AS A MANDATE 612
6. PAYMASTER S OBLIGATION: AUTONOMY AND DISCHARGE 622
7. CONCLUSION: A REVISIONIST VIEW ON A DECENTRALIZED NON-CUSTOMARY
LAW MERCHANT 637
EPILOGUE: FROM BARTER TO ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFERS AND THE ROLE OF LAW
640
ILLUSTRATIONS 642
BIBLIOGRAPHY 687
INDEX 713
|
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| spelling | Geva, Benjamin Verfasser aut The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history Benjamin Geva Oxford [u.a.] Hart 2011 XLVI, 736 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hart monographs in transnational and international law 6 Geschichte Anfänge-1500 gnd rswk-swf Payment / History Transfer payments / Law and legislation / History Negotiable instruments / History Banks and banking / History Bank Geschichte Recht Überweisung (DE-588)4218779-5 gnd rswk-swf Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd rswk-swf Überweisung (DE-588)4218779-5 s Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 s Geschichte Anfänge-1500 z DE-604 Hart monographs in transnational and international law 6 (DE-604)BV022822587 6 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024639552&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Geva, Benjamin The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history Hart monographs in transnational and international law Payment / History Transfer payments / Law and legislation / History Negotiable instruments / History Banks and banking / History Bank Geschichte Recht Überweisung (DE-588)4218779-5 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4218779-5 (DE-588)4048737-4 |
| title | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history |
| title_auth | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history |
| title_exact_search | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history |
| title_full | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history Benjamin Geva |
| title_fullStr | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history Benjamin Geva |
| title_full_unstemmed | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history Benjamin Geva |
| title_short | The payment order of antiquity and the middle ages |
| title_sort | the payment order of antiquity and the middle ages a legal history |
| title_sub | a legal history |
| topic | Payment / History Transfer payments / Law and legislation / History Negotiable instruments / History Banks and banking / History Bank Geschichte Recht Überweisung (DE-588)4218779-5 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Payment / History Transfer payments / Law and legislation / History Negotiable instruments / History Banks and banking / History Bank Geschichte Recht Überweisung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024639552&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV022822587 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gevabenjamin thepaymentorderofantiquityandthemiddleagesalegalhistory |