Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Braunschweig
Ges. zur Förderung des Inst. für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft
2011
|
| Series: | Veröffentlichung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft der Technische Universität Braunschweig
Heft 80 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | VII, 220 S. graph. Darst. 21 cm |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment |c Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ghazy. Hrsg.: Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig e.V. |
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3
1.2 AIMS OF THE WORK 3
1.3 THESIS
OUTLINE......,.......,.,*..,.......*.*.........................
.,*,.............................. A
2. BACKGROUND AND GENERAL OVERVIEW 6
2.1 SUSTAINABLE SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT 6
2.2 BENEFICIAL USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN AGRICULTURE 7
2.3 SELECTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OPTIONS 10
2.4 LIFE CYCLE THINKING (LCT) 11
2.5 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA) 12
2.5.1 LCA DEFINITION AND HISTORY BACKGROUND 12
2.5.2 LCA METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK 13
2.6 REVIEW OF LCA APPLICATION IN SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT 26
3. SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT 30
3.1 OVERVIEW OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS 31
3.1.1 EXISTING MUNICIPAL WWTPS 31
3.1.2 SYSTEMS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT 32
3.1.3 WASTEWATER CHARACTERISTICS 33
3.1.4 WASTEWATER TREATMENT O&M REQUIREMENTS AND COSTS 34
3.2 SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SCENARIOS 34
3.2.1 BASELINE SCENARIO 35
3.2.2 RECENTLY APPLIED SCENARIOS 35
3.3 SLUDGE PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISTICS 40
3.3.1 SLUDGE PRODUCTION AND QUANTITIES 40
3.3.2 SLUDGE QUALITY AND CHARACTERISTICS 42
I
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1017836337
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
IMAGE 2
3.4 BENEFICIAL USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE 44
3.4.1 AGRONOMIC VALUE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE 44
3.4.2 LOCAL POTENTIAL DEMAND OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN AGRICULTURE 45
3.4.3 SEWAGE SLUDGE MARKET DEMAND AND PRICE IN EGYPT 46
3.5 EGYPTIAN LEGISLATION RELATED TO THE USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN
AGRICULTURE 48
4. ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESSES 49
4.1 METHODOLOGY 49
4.2 THICKENING PROCESSES 50
4.2.1 GRAVITY THICKENING 50
4.2.2 FLOTATION THICKENING 51
4.2.3 CAPITAL COST 51
4.2.4 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE LABOUR REQUIREMENTS 52
4.2.5 ELECTRICAL ENERGY REQUIREMENT 53
4.3 STABILIZATION PROCESSES 54
4.3.1 AEROBIC DIGESTION 55
4.3.2 ANAEROBIC DIGESTION 55
4.3.3 CAPITAL COST 56
4.3.4 ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND O&M LABOUR REQUIREMENTS 57
4.3.5 AREA OF ANAEROBIC/AEROBIC DIGESTION APPLICATION 57
4.4 DEWATERING PROCESSES 59
4.4.1 DRYING BEDS 60
4.4.2 MECHANICAL DEWATERING 60
4.4.3 CAPITAL COST 60
4.4.4 ENERGY AND O&M LABOUR REQUIREMENTS 61
4.4.5 AREA OF MECHANICAL/NATURAL DEWATERING APPLICATION 61
4.5 COMPOSTING 63
4.5.1 CAPITAL COST 64
4.5.2 TOTAL OPERATION & MAINTENANCE COSTS 65
4.6 LANDFILL 66
4.6.1 CAPITAL COST 66
4.6.2 TOTAL OPERATION & MAINTENANCE COSTS 67
IMAGE 3
4.7 COMBINED SEWAGE STORAGE LAGOON AND AIR-DRYING 67
4.7.1 CAPITAL COST 68
4.7.2 TOTAL OPERATION & MAINTENANCE COSTS 69
4.8 TRANSPORT 69
4.8.1 LIQUID SLUDGE TRANSPORT 70
4.8.2 DEWATERED SLUDGE TRUCK TRANSPORTING 70
4.8.3 CAPITAL COST 70
4.9 ESTIMATION OF THE CORRESPONDING TREATMENT COSTS IN THE EGYPTIAN
MARKET 71
4.9.1 CAPITAL COST 72
4.9.2 O&M LABOUR REQUIREMENTS AND COSTS 74
4.9.3 COST OF LAND 74
5. SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SCENARIOS 76
5.1 CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE SLUDGE MANGEMENT IN EGYPT 76
5.2 SELECTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT SCENARIOS 77
5.3 SCENARIOS
DESCRIPTION.....*......................................................*...................*..........*..**. . . ... * ***.******.****
79
5.4 MATERIAL FLOW AND ENERGY ANALYSIS 82
5.4.1 MATERIALS MASS BALANCE 82
5.4.2 ENERGY BALANCE 85
5.5 EVALUATION OF THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS 86
5.5.1 BASE CAPITAL COST 86
5.5.2 TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS 88
5.5.3 TOTAL EQUIVALENT ANNUAL COST 89
5.6 AREA OF APPLICATION OF THE STUDIED SCENARIOS 90
6. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF SLUDGE TREATMENT OPTIONS 91
6.1 GOAL AND SCOPE DEFINITION ... A .......**....
........................*.......*.*.***.....*. *...***.*.*.*.**********..*
91
6.1.1 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 91
6.1.2 FUNCTIONAL UNIT 91
6.1.3 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES 92
6.1.4 DATA SOURCES AND QUALITY 100
III
IMAGE 4
6.1.5 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 101
6.2 LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY (LCI) 102
6.2.1 WINDROW COMPOSTING 102
6.2.2 ANAEROBIC DIGESTION 105
6.2.3 AEROBIC DIGESTION 107
6.2.4 MECHANICAL DEWATERING PROCESS (BFP) 108
6.2.5 NATURAL DEWATERING PROCESS (DRYING BEDS) 109
6.2.6 COMBINED STORAGE LAGOON AND AIR-DRYING 110
6.2.7 SANITARY LANDFILL I LL
6.2.8 TRANSPORTS 114
6.2.9 ENERGY CONSUMPTION 114
6.3 LIFE CYCLE IMPART ASSESSMENT (LCIA) 115
6.3.1 SELECTION OF LCIA METHODOLOGY/IMPACT CATEGORIES 116
6.3.2 CLASSIFICATION 122
6.3.3 CHARACTERIZATION 122
6.3.4 NORMALIZATION 123
6.3.5 WEIGHTING/GROUPING 124
7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 126
7.1 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT AND AREA OF APPLICATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE
TREATMENT OPTIONS 126
7.1.1 ANAEROBIC/AEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESSES 126
7.1.2 NATURAL/MECHANICAL DEWATERING PROCESSES 127
7.1.3 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SLUDGE TREATMENT SCENARIOS 128
7.1.4 AREA OF APPLICATION OF THE STUDIED SCENARIOS 128
7.2 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT 129
7.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESSES 129
7.2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT SCENARIOS 138
7.3 A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH FOR SUSTIANABLE SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN
EGYPT 151
7.3.1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIN EXISTING TREATMENT SYSTEMS 151
7.3.2 GENERAL APPLICATION OF THE STUDIED SCENARIOS 159
8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 162
8.1 CONCLUSIONS 162
IMAGE 5
8.1.1 EVALUATION OF THE CURRENT SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT 162
8.1.2 ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESSES/SCENARIOS 163
8.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION OF SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESSES/SCENARIOS
163
8.1.4 A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH FOR SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT 164
8.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 165
8.3 FUTURE OUTLOOK 167
APPENDICES 168
UE APPENDIX 1: SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT 168
* APPENDIX 2: ESTIMATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT COSTS 17S
D APPENDIX 3: SEWAGE SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SCENARIOS 178
Q APPENDIX 4: LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY DATA 186
REFERENCES 199
LIST OF FIGURES 215
LIST OF TABLES 219
1
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| author | Ghazy, Mohamed Rabie Mohamed 1973- |
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| dewey-full | 628.380962 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 628 - Sanitary engineering |
| dewey-raw | 628.380962 |
| dewey-search | 628.380962 |
| dewey-sort | 3628.380962 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Allgemeines Bauingenieurwesen |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:10:20Z |
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| spelling | Ghazy, Mohamed Rabie Mohamed 1973- Verfasser (DE-588)1017288410 aut Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ghazy. Hrsg.: Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig e.V. Braunschweig Ges. zur Förderung des Inst. für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft 2011 VII, 220 S. graph. Darst. 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Veröffentlichung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft der Technische Universität Braunschweig Heft 80 Zugl.: Braunschweig, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2011 Schlammbehandlung (DE-588)4133273-8 gnd rswk-swf Klärschlamm (DE-588)4030913-7 gnd rswk-swf Ägypten (DE-588)4000556-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Ägypten (DE-588)4000556-2 g Klärschlamm (DE-588)4030913-7 s Schlammbehandlung (DE-588)4133273-8 s DE-604 Veröffentlichung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft der Technische Universität Braunschweig Heft 80 (DE-604)BV001897953 80 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024596158&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ghazy, Mohamed Rabie Mohamed 1973- Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment Veröffentlichung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft der Technische Universität Braunschweig Schlammbehandlung (DE-588)4133273-8 gnd Klärschlamm (DE-588)4030913-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4133273-8 (DE-588)4030913-7 (DE-588)4000556-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment |
| title_auth | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment |
| title_exact_search | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment |
| title_full | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ghazy. Hrsg.: Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig e.V. |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ghazy. Hrsg.: Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig e.V. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ghazy. Hrsg.: Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Institutes für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig e.V. |
| title_short | Sustainable sewage sludge management in Egypt based on life cycle assessment |
| title_sort | sustainable sewage sludge management in egypt based on life cycle assessment |
| topic | Schlammbehandlung (DE-588)4133273-8 gnd Klärschlamm (DE-588)4030913-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Schlammbehandlung Klärschlamm Ägypten Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024596158&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV001897953 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ghazymohamedrabiemohamed sustainablesewagesludgemanagementinegyptbasedonlifecycleassessment |