Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle: principles and mechanisms
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2011
|
| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 404 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780521843690 |
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MARC
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE PAGE IX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XI
ILLUSTRATION CREDIT XII
PART I INTRODUCTION
I WHY IS THE OCEAN IMPORTANT? 3
1.1 WHAT IS SPECIAL ABOUT WATER? 3
1.2 HOW DOES THE OCEAN STORE AND TRANSFER HEAT? 5
1.3 WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE OCEAN IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE? 7 1.4 HOW
HAVE CLIMATE AND LIFE EVOLVED ON THE PLANET? 10
1.5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 15
1.6 RECOMMENDED READING 16
2 AN INTRODUCTORY VIEW OF THE OCEAN 17
2.1 OCEAN CIRCULATION 17
2.2 ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION 26
2.3 LIFE AND NUTRIENT CYCLES IN THE OCEAN 30
2.4 THE CARBON CYCLE IN THE OCEAN 34
2.5 SUMMARY 38
2.6 QUESTIONS 38
2.7 RECOMMENDED READING 40
P A RT II FUNDAMENTALS 41
3 TRANSPORT FUNDAMENTALS 43
3.1 HOW DO TRACERS SPREAD? 43
3.2 TRACER CONSERVATION AND T R A N S P O RT 49
3.3 W H AT IS T HE EFFECT OF A TIME-VARYING, EDDY CIRCULATION? 55
3.4 S U M M A RY 62
3.5 QUESTIONS 63
3.6 R E C O M M E N D ED R E A D I NG 65
4 PHYSICS FUNDAMENTALS 66
4.1 WHICH FORCES ARE IMPORTANT FOR THE OCEAN CIRCULATION? 66
4.2 HOW IS THE SURFACE CIRCULATION DETERMINED? 68
4.3 HOW IS THE INTERIOR CIRCULATION DETERMINED? 76
4.4 GLOBAL-SCALE PATTERNS OF ATMOSPHERIC FORCING 80
4.5 SUMMARY 89
4.6 QUESTIONS 90
4.7 RECOMMENDED READING 92
IMAGE 2
VI
CONTENTS
5 BIOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS
5.1 PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION 5.2 WHAT ARE MARINE MICROBES MADE OF?
5.3 HOW IS PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH AFFECTED BY THE ENVIRONMENT?
5.4 PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 5.5 PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND THE
FATE OF ORGANIC MATTER 5.6 CONSEQUENCES FOR OCEAN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
5.7 SUMMARY 5.8 QUESTIONS 5.9 RECOMMENDED READING
93
93
94
98
106
110
115
121
122
124
6 CARBONATE CHEMISTRY FUNDAMENTALS
6.1 SOLUBILITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE 6.2 WHAT ARE THE REACTIONS OF THE
CARBONATE SYSTEM IN SEAWATER? 6.3 WHAT CONTROLS DIC IN THE SURFACE
OCEAN? 6.4 COUPLING OF DIC AND ALKALINITY CYCLES WITH DEPTH 6.5 HOW ARE
CHANGES IN PCO 2 RELATED TO CHANGES IN DIC? 6.6 AIR-SEA EXCHANGE OF
CARBON DIOXIDE 6.7 SUMMARY 6.8 QUESTIONS 6.9 RECOMMENDED READING
125
125
128
131
139
142
145
152
154
155
PART III PHYSICAL PHENOMENA AND THEIR BIOGEOCHEMICAL
SIGNALS 157
7 I SEASONALLY OF THE UPPER OCEAN
7.1 SEASONALITY IN THE PHYSICS 7.2 SEASONALITY IN PHYTOPLANKTON 7.3
SEASONALITY IN THE CARBON CYCLE 7.4 SEASONALITY IN THE SHELF AND COASTAL
SEAS 7.5 SUMMARY
7.6 QUESTIONS 7.7 RECOMMENDED READING
159
159
164
172
175
179
180
182
8 OCEAN GYRES AND INTENSE CURRENTS 183
8.1 WHAT ARE OCEAN GYRES? 183
8.2 WHAT ARE WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENTS? 189
8.3 A THEORETICAL VIEW OF OCEAN GYRES AND BOUNDARY CURRENTS 191 8.4 HOW
IS THE SOUTHERN OCEAN DIFFERENT TO THE REST OF THE GLOBE? 203
8.5 SUMMARY 206
8.6 QUESTIONS 208
8.7 RECOMMENDED READING 210
IMAGE 3
9 OCEAN EDDIES 211
9.1 HOW DOES EDDY VARIABILITY ALTER OVER THE GLOBE? 211
9.2 A THEORETICAL VIEW OF OCEAN EDDY VARIABILITY 215
9.3 EDDY FLUXES OF TRACERS 222
9.4 SUMMARY 233
9.5 QUESTIONS 233
9.6 RECOMMENDED READING 235
10 VENTILATION 236
10.1 HOW DOES VENTILATION VARY OVER THE GLOBE? 236
10.2 A MECHANISTIC VIEW OF VENTILATION 243
10.3 SUMMARY 257
10.4 QUESTIONS 258
10.5 RECOMMENDED READING 259
I I CYCLING AND T R A N S P O RT OF NUTRIENTS AND CARBON 260
11.1 HOW ARE BASIN-SCALE CONTRASTS IN BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY
MAINTAINED? 260
11.2 HOW IS BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY SUSTAINED IN OCEAN DESERTS? 267 11.3
W H AT SETS THE N U T R I E NT DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE OCEAN INTERIOR? 276
11.4 QUANTIFYING THE OCEAN S CARBON RESERVOIRS 280
11.5 SUMMARY 287
11.6 QUESTIONS 287
11.7 RECOMMENDED READING 288
12 THE DEEP OCEAN AND OVERTURNING 290
12.1 WHY IS THE DEEP OCEAN IMPORTANT? 290
12.2 HOW DOES DENSE WATER FORM, MIX AND SPREAD? 300
12.3 HOW DOES THE DEEP OCEAN CIRCULATE? 311
12.4 HOW IS DENSE WATER R E T U R N ED TO THE SURFACE? 316
12.5 SUMMARY 324
12.6 QUESTIONS 324
12.7 RECOMMENDED READING 326
P A RT IV SYNTHESIS 327
13 INTEGRAL FRAMEWORKS 329
13.1 VARIATIONS IN THE OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE CARBON CYCLE 329
13.2 W H AT IS THE FATE OF FOSSIL-FUEL CARBON DIOXIDE? 331
13.3 GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CHANGES IN ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 338
13.4 WATER-MASS FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION 344
13.5 SUMMARY 350
13.6 QUESTIONS 351
13.7 RECOMMENDED READING 352
IMAGE 4
VIII
CONTENTS
14 OVERVIEW AND FURTHER CHALLENGES 354
14.1 INTERCONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 354
14.2 RESEARCH APPROACHES 356
14.3 CHALLENGES 357
APPENDIX 360
A.I MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS 360
A.2 DERIVATION OF T HE M O M E N T UM EQUATIONS 362
A.3 SOLVING T HE CARBONATE CHEMISTRY SYSTEM 368
SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS 370
BIOLOGICAL A ND CHEMICAL SYMBOLS 370
PHYSICAL SYMBOLS 371
MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS 374
GLOSSARY 375
BIOLOGICAL GLOSSARY 375
CHEMICAL GLOSSARY 376
PHYSICAL GLOSSARY 377
ANSWERS 381
REFERENCES 388
INDEX 400
THE COLOUR PLATES ARE SITUATED BETWEEN PAGES 20 AND 21.
|
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| language | English |
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| physical | XII, 404 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2011 |
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| spelling | Williams, Richard G. Verfasser aut Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms Richard G. Williams ; Michael J. Follows 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2011 XII, 404 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Kohlenstoffkreislauf (DE-588)4164552-2 gnd rswk-swf Dynamik (DE-588)4013384-9 gnd rswk-swf Meer (DE-588)4038301-5 gnd rswk-swf Meer (DE-588)4038301-5 s Dynamik (DE-588)4013384-9 s Kohlenstoffkreislauf (DE-588)4164552-2 s DE-604 Follows, Michael J. Verfasser aut SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024565623&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Williams, Richard G. Follows, Michael J. Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms Kohlenstoffkreislauf (DE-588)4164552-2 gnd Dynamik (DE-588)4013384-9 gnd Meer (DE-588)4038301-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4164552-2 (DE-588)4013384-9 (DE-588)4038301-5 |
| title | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms |
| title_auth | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms |
| title_exact_search | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms |
| title_full | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms Richard G. Williams ; Michael J. Follows |
| title_fullStr | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms Richard G. Williams ; Michael J. Follows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms Richard G. Williams ; Michael J. Follows |
| title_short | Ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle |
| title_sort | ocean dynamics and the carbon cycle principles and mechanisms |
| title_sub | principles and mechanisms |
| topic | Kohlenstoffkreislauf (DE-588)4164552-2 gnd Dynamik (DE-588)4013384-9 gnd Meer (DE-588)4038301-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kohlenstoffkreislauf Dynamik Meer |
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