Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století: = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | German Czech Slovak |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Praha
Ústav pro Studium Totalitních Režimů [u.a.]
2011
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. tschech., teilw. slowak. - Zsfassungen der Beitr. in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 347 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9788087211526 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století |b = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |c ed.: Zdeněk Hazdra ... |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| 264 | 1 | |a Praha |b Ústav pro Studium Totalitních Režimů [u.a.] |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a 347 S. |b zahlr. Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. tschech., teilw. slowak. - Zsfassungen der Beitr. in engl. Sprache | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1918-1990 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Adel |0 (DE-588)4000464-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte 1918-1990 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hazdra, Zdeněk |d 1983- |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)137852150 |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148589992083456 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | OBSAH
Uvod
......................................................................................................................................9
HANS-CHRISTOF KRAUS, Universität Passau ► Adelskrise und Umbruch 1918/19
Das Ende des Deutschen Kaiserreichs in den Adelsromanen
des
Fedor
von Zobeltitz........................................................................................................13
RUPERT QUADERER, Liechtenstein-Institut *■ Das Haus Liechtenstein und seine
Beziehungen zur Tschechoslowakei nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg............................21
LOTHAR HOBELT, Institut für Geschichte der Universität Wien ► Der österreichische
Adel zwischen Ständestaat und Drittem Reich............................................................35
PETER WIESFLECKER, Steiermärkisches Landesarchiv, Universität Graz ► Die Auflö¬
sung der adeligen Welt. Streiflichter zum innerösterreichischen Adel in der
ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts.................................................................................47
JUDIT PÁL,
Babes-Bolyai Universität, Cluj-Napoca ► Der Zerfall der siebenbürgis-
chen Aristokratie im Spiegel der Erinnerungen............................................................73
JANA
KNAPIKOVÁ
,
Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě
*■
Rodina Boos-Waldeck se sídlem
ve Vizovicích
-
konfrontace německé šlechtické tradice
s
nově vzniklým česko¬
slovenským státem
......................................................-.......................................................87
MARTINA OROSOVÁ,
Pamiatkový úrad Slovenskej
republiky
►
Zánik
šľachtického
sveta
na Slovensku
(1918-1948).......................................................................................93
DITA
JELÍNKOVÁ, Ústav pro studium totalitních režimů
*-
Transformace životní
reality Alfonse Clary-Aldringena v postimperiálním světě: postoje, strategie,
konsekvence
.........................................................................................................................107
ZDENKO MARŠÁLEK, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR
*■
S
modrou krví v republi¬
kánské armádě. Aristokraté v československém vojsku
1918-1945.....................131
TOMÁŠ
STERNECK,
Historický ústav
AV
ČR, pracoviště České Budějovice
►
„Velkora-
kušané v časech nacistické okupace. Pražská větev Daublebských a druhá svě¬
tová válka
............................................................................................................................
147
IVO PEJČOCH, Vojenský historický ústav Praha
*-
Jindřich Thun-Hohenstein
..........171
MILOŠ HOŘEJŠ, Národní technické muzeum v Praze
►
Šlechta a nacistická pozem¬
ková politika v českých zemích
........................................................................................
177
LUCIE LANÍKOVÁ, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci »-Rytíři Bauerové a rytíř Chlu-
mecký-Bauer proti nacionálnímu socialismu
...............................................................
201
ROMAN HOLEC, Historický ústav
SAV
►
Coburgovci v
tieni dvoch totalít
..............209
JAN
ŽUPANIČ, Univerzita Karlova v
Praze *- Mezi dvěma
ohni.
Colloredo-Mannsfel-
dové
ve čtyřicátých letech
20.
století
...........................................................................229
ZDENEK HAZDRA, Univerzita Karlova v Praze
►
František princ Schwarzenberg
(1913-1992)
„Masarykovský aristokrat v souboji
s
totalitními režimy
20.
století
....................251
LUKÁŠ NOZAR
JUDr. František hrabě
Schönborn (1899-1964),
úředník, voják
a agent zpravodajské služby
............................................................................................265
VÁCLAV HORČIČKA, Univerzita Karlova v Praze
►
Konfiskace majetku knížat z Lich-
tenstejna v
ČSR po
druhé světové válce. Pohled československých úřadů
.........281
JOHANNA
EL-KALAK-HAUGWITZ,
Wien ►
Heinrich
und Ottokar Haugwitz
- die späte Anerkennung „Vergessener Helden .......................................................287
JINDŘICH POKORNÝ, Nezávislý literární historik a překladatel, Praha
►
Hraběnka
Jacqueline Pillet-Will
a její pomoc našemu disentu za normalizace
.....................291
RADMILA ŠVAŘÍČKOVÁ-SLABÁKOVÁ, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
►
Odchod šlechty do exilu a jeho prožívání v očích mužů a žen
...............................297
NADĚŽDA KUBŮ, Národní památkový ústav
►
Historické počátky souboru zpří¬
stupněných hradů a zámků
u nás,
osudy šlechtických sídel po druhé světové
válce v návaznosti na vývoj památkové péče
.............................................................307
PAVEL DUFEK, Národní archiv
►
Restituce šlechtických velkostatků v Čechách
po druhé světové válce
......................................................................................................323
Abstracts
..........................................................................................................................339
Abstracts
HANS-CHRISTOF KRAUS
In
his novels published not long after World War I, Die
von
Schebitz
(1922)
and
Die
Entthronten (1923),
the aristocratic journalist and novelist
Fedor
von Zobeltitz
(1857-1934)
captured very precisely the reactions of German nobles to the social and
political convulsions of that period. His literary mapping of those events led him to
issue a challenge that the nobility not reject the social and political situation and mourn
the passing of a bygone order. Rather, he said, they should co-operate with bourgeois
and social-democratic forces in order to prevent a Communist revolution. At the same
time, aristocrats should not give up their singularity and traditions
b
ut
maintain their
heritage.
RUPERT QUADERER
The following paper contains in its first part an abstract of the history of Liechtenstein
in the years
1700
to
1918.
The second part is dedicated to a source dating from
1927
which gives an account of the financial damage caused to the House of Liechtenstein by
the land reform in Czechoslovakia after World War I.
LOTHAR HOBELT
Most Austrian aristocrats were neither democrats nor republicans; instead they
were loyal to the constitutional monarchy system of the 19th century. Their counter¬
revolutionary
erTorts
were curious, even comical. There was no place in inter-war
Austrian society for the restoration of the monarchy.
Heimwehr, an
above-party
movement, was meant to represent the politics of the aristocracy. It was a kind of
revolt of civil society against the government structure of the period, albeit one using
militant or even paramilitary means. Mussolini became their paradigm, although his
stato totalitario
was
-
perhaps rightly
-
not taken seriously. This was because fascist
Italy in the period of Ventennia represented, despite everything, a system of checks
and balances in comparison with the regimes of Stalin and Hitler. It is not surprising,
therefore, that the nobility preferred the German form of Bolshevism to the Soviet
original. Most of the old Great Austrians served the Great German homeland just
as previously they had served Little Austria, with the limitation that one colleague
of Starhembergs expresses in the study: Emotionally I remained detached from the
entire political development after the year
1918.
The engagement of the aristocracy in
Heimwehr in
this respect was the exception that proved the rule.
339
PETER WIESFLECKER
This paper is intended to offer the first overview of an Austrian aristocrat in the
period from the demise of the
Austro-
Hungarian Empire until several years after
1945.
It is based on current research about the Austrian nobility and maps the fate of
one Austrian aristocratic family during the Austrian Republic. The authors attention
is focused on reaction to the first constitutional laws, which were aimed against the
influence of the nobility, as well as the situation of the aristocracy following land reform
and so forth. Following that reform, the properties of the nobility were greatly reduced.
Changes after
1918
also affected members of what was called the second society , the
officer class and state officials, whose careers either came to an end with the demise of
the monarchy or were restricted.
JUDIT PÁL
The following paper examines the disintegration of the Transylvanian nobility
after
1945
and how it is reflected in the memoirs and recollections of Transylvanian
aristocrats in the 20th century. These individuals experiences of loss and defeat put
a different perspective on the political events of the 20th century. Much of this ego
literature features the recollections of individuals who either stayed in Romania or
emigrated but still wrote about the situation in the country. This article is an attempt to
map the positions of Transylvanian nobles with regard to events in the Second World
War, the Communist dictatorship, and the collapse of their aristocratic world.
JANA KNAPIKOVÁ
This historical research was focused on acquiring information about the identity
of the aristocracy in the 20th century. It is based on a study of a large number of
documents, mostly of personal character. The Boos-
Waldeck
family lived in Moravia
in the first half of the 20th century, inhabiting the
Vizovice
chateau until
1944.
The last
member of the Boos-
Waldeck
family, Marie Anne, had kept a diary. This diary, which
is preserved to the present day, records that she never agreed with the creation of a new
Czechoslovak state. Marie Anne and her husband Victor sympathized, after
1918,
with
the Nazi ideology because of their national feeling, the absence of any orientation in
the current political situation, and due to a feeling of umbrage. However, despite all of
this the Boos-
Waldeck
family remained in the position of members of the old historical
aristocracy and continued supporting the poor.
MARTINA
OROSOVÁ
The disintegration of the aristocratic world on the territory of todays Slovakia
commenced right after the creation of the Czechoslovak Republic in
1918.
Former
340
counts, barons and squires became ordinary citizens who persisted in claiming their
Hungarian or German nationality. The break-up of the Hungarian monarchy also
represented the extinction of the nobles own identity. The agrarian reform applied to
the aristocratic estates spelled the economic weakening of the aristocracy, and their
emigration abroad was a reaction to these events. The aristocracy either moved their
chattels or sold them at auction. They leased their residences or left them in the hands
of custodians. Aristocratic mansions were the subject of unbridled looting during
the liberation of Czechoslovakia in
1945.
The Slovak National Council started to
exercise its legislative power on the liberated territory. In accordance with its decrees,
the confiscation of the property of the ethnic Germans and Hungarians, as well as of
that of the traitors and collaborators of the Slovak nation, began. The last remnants
of the possessions were swept up by the nationalization initiated by the Communist
government after February
1948,
and the aristocracy finally vanished from the history
of Slovakia.
DITA JELÍNKOVÁ
With the disintegration of the Hapsburg monarchy
Alfons
Clary-
Åldringen
lost the
certainty that formed the basis of his existence and the borders that had bound his
world. As a former member of the imperial elite he stood in opposition to democratic
Czechoslovakia. In the new state his previously elite position was downgraded, while
he also suffered due to legislation aimed against the aristocracy as a social group
and against their property. The long-term result of these losses was that the nobility
developed a kind of negative identity based on frustration and antipathy towards
the new state. This identity had a destructive effect for Czechoslovakia, because it
led Sudeten Germans to try to recapture their dominant position. Hitler, National
Socialism and the Great Germany ideology promised them a return to the broader
German space. Clary-
Åldringens
inclination towards National Socialism represented
the culmination of his aspiration to acquire a new, post-imperial identity.
ZDENKO MARŠÁLEK
We can find no evidence of any member of an aristocratic family actively serving as
a career soldier in the Czechoslovak Army in the years
1918-1945
or later. The nobility
had a long time previously cleared ouf of the army and its command. That trend came
to a head in the 19th century, mainly as a result of industrial development and the
transformation of the military in that period. It was also due to changes in society and
a nationalist ideology. The break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire meant the end
of their world for Czech aristocrats. In his study, the author describes the situation
among nobles and compares it to the situation in neighbouring countries. He also
341
outlines the positions of individual conscripts in the Czechoslovak Army in the period
1918-1938
and during World War II, as well as their bitter end after
1945.
TOMÁŠ
STERNECK
This paper follows the fortunes of the Prague branch of the
Daublebský
of
Sterneck
noble family in the period prior to the outbreak of, during, and after the Second World
War. It attempts to map both common features of and individual
différences
in their
reaction to the advent of National Socialism. While they were citizens of Czechoslovakia s
First Republic, the Prague
Daublebskýs
had German nationality. However, they were
not connected with a politicized and radicalizing Germanness. Regarding the difficult
question of national self-identification, the most concise term in their case was Great
Austrian
(Großösterreicher),
reflecting their continuing Austro-Hungarian patriotism.
During the occupation several members of the family line in question were instantly
exposed to racial persecution due to their affiliations with Jewish families, while others
were sent to the front as soldiers of Germany s
Wehrmacht.
However, in no case is
there evidence of identification with or collaboration with the Nazi regime. On the
contrary, we find instead displays of passive or active resistance to it. However, after
WWII the great majority of the Prague Sterneck s were forced to leave the newly revived
Czechoslovakia. There was no room for them in a country that was embarking on the
path to the building of a new totalitarianism.
IVO PEJČOCH
Count
Jindřich Thun-Hohenstein,
who was born in Prague on January
23, 1913,
studied law at the city s Charles University. During the occupation he represented the
Czech aristocracy in the leadership of the organisation
Vlajka
(Flag), which adhered
to National Socialism of the German variety. Its members spread their views by means
of pamphlets, while Thun-Hohenstein served as a secret intermediary. In
1939,
Vlajka
attempted to boost its position and sought meetings with high-ranking protectorate
officials. Thanks to his polished social skills and education, Thun-Hohenstein became
one of the negotiators. As a leading functionary in the country s main collaborationist
organization he was arrested after the liberation and sentenced to death. However, he
managed to escape from prison in February
1948,
fleeing via Bavaria to London and
eventually to Canada, where he stayed.
MILOŠ HOŘEJŠ
The nobility in the Czech lands at the end of the
1930s
found themselves in a
complicated situation arising from the changes that had come about with the end of
World War I. In particular the first land reform and its results shook the ideological and
342
economie
world of the aristocrats. With the coming to power of the Nazis in Germany
and above all in the period of the Anschluss of Austria there was a split between on
one side those nobles who declared German nationality and were sympathetic to Nazi
Germany, and on the other those who expressed loyalty to Czechoslovakia. The latter
were greatly affected by the confiscation of lands by the Nazi authorities. In the end,
however, both groups sooner or later became the victims of Nazi land policy which
paid no heed to how old a dynasty was, or even whether they had served the Nazi
regime. The Nazi administration had no interest either in the simple restitution of
property to the nobility or in the return of original property to German owners as
a righting of wrongs . Any doubts
-
political, racial or economic
-
were exploited
uncompromisingly by the Nazi regime, without regard to origin or the prior credit of
the owner of the original property.
LUCIE LANÍKOVÁ
The Bauer and Chlumecky-Bauer dynasty was one of the most important noble
families in the 19th century, before their fortunes declined with the formation of
Czechoslovakia. In the
1920s,
when land reform impacted the estates of noble families,
they were stripped of two thirds of their property. As a result, their position towards
the Czechoslovak state did not differ from that of most other noble families and they
professed themselves German. However, in the early
1930s
the political opinions of
Viktor and
Petr
Bauer and their brother
Moritz
Chlumecký-Bauer
did not turn radical
and they did not back National Socialism. On the contrary, they rejected Hitlers
ideology. Viktor Bauer rejected the racial theory of National Socialism, as can be seen
in his book
Zentraleuropa. Ein lebendiger Organismus. Moritz
Chlumecký-Bauer,
meanwhile, escaped with his family to Great Britain after the Anschluss of Austria and,
along with his son, signed up with the Allied forces. Peter, the youngest brother, lived
till the end of World War II in South America, where he had set up the SCADTA airline
in
1919.
Most of the company s capital was German. As the power of the Nazis grew in
Germany, Peter Bauer sold bulk stock to the Americans to prevent the Nazis entering
the company. This family is an example of a noble dynasty that showed certain personal
courage in the face of the Nazi regime in Europe.
ROMAN
HOLEC
The cases of two members of the Coburg dynasty, Carl
Eduard
Herzog von Sachsen
Coburg
und
Gotha
(1884-1954)
and Ferdinand
von Sachsen
Coburg
-
Koháry
(1864
- 1948),
reflect two possible approaches the nobility could take towards the totalitarian
regime: collaboration and a reserved distance. Both took the side of Germany during
World War I, leading to their forced abdication in
1918.
Aristocrats, including the
343
Coburgs, were inclined towards Nazism because of opposition to the Weimar Republic,
hatred of the left and above all fear of Communism and dreams of returning to
political power. At first Ferdinand was a staunch supporter of pro-German policy, even
though as a cultured person he was put off by the arrogance and crudeness of the Nazi
movement and its representatives. He took a similar view of representatives of Slovak
politics.
Carl Eduard
represented one of the most important links between the British
aristocracy and German fascism. He had a strong German sentiment, joining the Nazis
as early as
1922,
and eventually becoming one of the most prominent aristocrats in the
movement.
JAN ŽUPANIČ
Restitution cases taken against the Czech state that originated in World War II and
the post-war period remain a live issue today. One of the most complicated involves
the Colloredo-Mannsfeld family. Despite maintaining close ties with relatives in other
states, the Colloredo-Mannsfelds identified with the Czech world of Czechoslovakia s
First Republic after the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This was seen in
1938
and
1939
when representatives of Czech noble families produced two declarations
rejecting German ambitions and aligning themselves with the Czech nation. Among the
signatories of those declarations were members of the Colloredo-Mannsfeld dynasty,
a fact which led in
1940
to their
Dobříš
estate being put into forced administration
and
Opočno
being confiscated. In
1942,
two members of the family attempted to get
around this seizure by signing a statement declaring German nationality (the so-called
Fragebogen).
However, their property was still confiscated and they were persecuted
by the Nazis. Furthermore, filling out that questionnaire had unpleasant consequences
for the Colloredo-Mannsfelds after the war. They became the victims of the political
machinations of the Communist Party and the subject of an anti-aristocratic campaign
which ended with the emigration of members of the family following the Communist
takeover of February
1948.
ZDENĚK HAZDRA
František Schwarzenberg
began to engage in public life in the second half of the
1930s
when pressure from Nazi Germany on the Czechoslovak state was growing. He
first expressed his own opinion during a graduation speech during the May mobilization
of
1938
(the same year as Munich ) and soon afterwards took part in a pro-Czech
declaration by aristocrats. He spent the war years in the protectorate of Bohemia and
Moravia. At one point Schwarzenberg served in the office of President
Emil Hácha,
although he only lasted there until the start of April the following year. He left at his
own request because he refused to sign an oath of allegiance to Hitler. In public he
344
kept a low profile, while in reality playing an active role in the resistance. In peace
time he returned to diplomacy. However, only three years after the war the Communist
totalitarian system was initiated in February
1948
and Schwarzenberg elected to go
into exile. He was a professor of political science at Chicago s Loyola University and
was a member of numerous exile organisations. He spent the final years of his life in
Unzmarkt, Austria, where he passed away in
1992.
LUKÁŠ NOZAR
The father and uncles of
František
Schönborn
were among the leading representatives
of the Austro-Bohemian state and church authorities. This biographical study outlines
Schönborns
early life (he was a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian army, served with
the Czechoslovak Army and was imprisoned in Canada) and his involvement in the
financial and political life of pre-Munich Czechoslovak republic. During the Nazi
occupation the German secret service suspected him of collaboration with the exile
government and he was arrested several times. The period
1945-1950
was the most
significant time in his professional life. He was a Czechoslovak repatriation and
liaison officer with the Western Allies until the end of
1946.
His contacts with foreign
embassies and Czechoslovak departments made him an influential person capable of
intervening on behalf of people endangered by the political events of
1945
and
1948.
The author attempts also to interpret
Schönborns
position through the prism of his
cooperation with the Czechoslovak secret services, while his four prison sentences for
homosexuality are not treated as taboo.
VACLAV
HORČIČKA
The Liechtenstein family were stripped of all their agricultural property on the
territory of Czechoslovakia by an order of the district national committee in
Olomouc
on June
30,1945.
The officials argumentation was mainly based on the claim the prince
had in the past declared himself to be of German nationality. However, there were weak
points in the book of evidence and the
Liechtensteins
appealed the verdict, claiming it
was in contravention of international law because the prince had been the head of a
neutral state during the war and therefore had the right to compensation. How the final
verdict might have looked is not dear but the situation did not appear to be without
hope for the
Liechtensteins.
However, in
1951
the Czechoslovak administrative court
ruled on the matter in line with the wishes of the new regime. Due to the opposition of
the Czechoslovak authorities the case was never brought before an international court
and to this day a definitive verdict has never been delivered.
345
JOHANNA
EL-KALAK-HAUGWITZ
This joint paper by Johanna El-Kalak-Haugwitz and
Alena Misková
deals with
the topic at hand from the angle of family memory and the relation between past
and present, as well as from the point of view of archival research. Both aspects are
linked by the fact that Count
Heinrich
Haugwitz, last lord of
Náměšť nad Oslavou
(Namiest an
der Oslau),
and his brother Count
Ottokár
Haugwitz provided assistance
to Czech families persecuted in various ways during the protectorate of Bohemia and
Moravia. Years after the brothers demise, Johanna El-Kalak-Haugwitz, the daughter
of
Heinrich,
discovered that there were files on precisely these activities in the Czech
archives. Neither of the brothers had talked about that subject and the municipal
office of
Náměšť
had painted the Haugwitz family as having been fanatical followers of
Nazism. In the first part of the essay, Johanna El-Kalak-Haugwitz depicts the family s
flight from
Náměšť
and her fathers detention in
1945.
Then she recounts activities that
the Haugwitz family carried out with the administration of the state-owned castle of
Náměšť.
It is important to the author to preserve the family s attachment to the region,
despite the painful historical fault lines.
JINDŘICH POKORNÝ
In the
1960s,
Madame
Pillét-
Will attached herself to traditional European (global)
anti-totalitarian activities dating back to
1950
when Berlin hosted the Congress for
Cultural Freedom. She dedicated her efforts to different institutions until August
1968,
when she became a key figure in the organization Friends without Frontiers, which
focused mainly on the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. As its chair, she maintained the
organisations programme: creative and social support for persecuted intellectuals and
the supply of prohibited or generally unavailable literature. Madame
Pillét-
Will visited
the then Czechoslovakia and gathered information about repression in order to report
to the world democratic community. In the West she contacted donors (and was among
their ranks). Though she died early (in
1983)
while still doing great work, her example
was followed until the democratic revolution in November
1989.
RADMILA ŠVAŘÍČKOVÁ-SLABÁKOVÁ
This study, which is based on interviews with
45
men and women, examines from
the psychological perspective the causes behind their emigration and their reaction
to it. It discovers that reasons for leaving differed between the sexes (women linked it
to the future of their children; men emphasized their own future and career). As for
reasons not to go into exile, the main motive was the parents of potential emigrants
and a feeling of responsibility for them. As well as conscious reasons, there were also
unconscious ones: separation from parents, identification with parents (children accept
346
their values and prepare to carry out their desires and visions) and fantasies of a lost
paradise (there is a universal conscious desire for a lost paradise, an imaginary happy
childhood where all needs are fulfilled). The women also often say they found it easier
to get used to life in exile than their husbands did, though the author believes this to
be a myth. In conclusion, the study returns to the children of executed fathers, where
the children appear as proof of their own success and as a certain continuation of the
family capital .
NADĚŽDA KUBŮ
The Czech Republics collection of castles and chateaux constitutes a specific part of
the country s heritage, and one of the most important. The author of the paper delves
into the history of how those buildings were made accessible to the general public,
the start of which we can today date to the beginning of the 19th century. The biggest
change in the ownership of noble properties occurred on the basis of the confiscation
decrees of President
Edvard Beneš
after the Second World War. On the basis of their
historical, artistic and architectural value the first
47
such buildings were opened to the
public in
1946.
The protected buildings selected for opening to the public were meant
to represent a chronological overview of the development of individual styles from the
Middle Ages up to the turn of the 20th century. The administration and maintenance
of castles and chateaux and their furniture and fittings was amended by more and more
laws and regulations, while they were greatly impacted by the restitution which followed
1989.
Presently the National Preservation Institute administers
95
publicly accessible
castles and chateaux, of which some are currently being prepared for opening.
PAVEL
DUFEK
In the period of the Nazi occupation of Bohemia and Moravia sequestration had
been imposed on many noble estates whose owners ranked among the opposition
to the Nazi regime. Due to sequestration the owners lost a substantial part of their
property rights. In fact, sequestration very often represented the first step toward the
complete confiscation of an estate. The numerous case studies presented in the paper
document the post-war process of rehabilitation of full property rights. The restitutions
of the confiscated noble estates which were solved by the
Zemský národní výbor
(Land
National Committee), as well as by other state authorities and individuals, are analyzed
in the paper. The case studies illustrate the real effort of the
Zemský národní výbor
to
observe the restitution laws and document how that committee acted in favour of those
who suffered confiscation during the Nazi occupation. These restitutions also enabled
post-war economic reconstruction.
347
|
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| discipline | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1918-1990 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1918-1990 |
| format | Book |
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Mitteleuropa (DE-588)4039677-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Mitteleuropa |
| id | DE-604.BV039713997 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:09:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788087211526 |
| language | German Czech Slovak |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024562261 |
| oclc_num | 767786366 |
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| owner | DE-12 DE-M457 DE-739 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M457 DE-739 |
| physical | 347 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| psigel | DHB_BSB_DDC DHB_JDG_ISBN_1 |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
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| publisher | Ústav pro Studium Totalitních Režimů [u.a.] |
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| spelling | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts ed.: Zdeněk Hazdra ... Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts Praha Ústav pro Studium Totalitních Režimů [u.a.] 2011 347 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. tschech., teilw. slowak. - Zsfassungen der Beitr. in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1918-1990 gnd rswk-swf Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd rswk-swf Mitteleuropa (DE-588)4039677-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Mitteleuropa (DE-588)4039677-0 g Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 s Geschichte 1918-1990 z DE-604 Hazdra, Zdeněk 1983- Sonstige (DE-588)137852150 oth Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024562261&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024562261&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4000464-8 (DE-588)4039677-0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| title_alt | Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| title_auth | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| title_exact_search | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| title_full | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts ed.: Zdeněk Hazdra ... |
| title_fullStr | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts ed.: Zdeněk Hazdra ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts ed.: Zdeněk Hazdra ... |
| title_short | Šlechta střední Evropy v konfrontaci s totalitními režimy 20. století |
| title_sort | slechta stredni evropy v konfrontaci s totalitnimi rezimy 20 stoleti der adel mitteleuropas in konfrontation mit den totalitaren regimen des 20 jahrhunderts |
| title_sub | = Der Adel Mitteleuropas in Konfrontation mit den totalitären Regimen des 20. Jahrhunderts |
| topic | Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Adel Mitteleuropa Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024562261&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024562261&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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