Climate change biology:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Burlington, Mass. [u.a.]
Academic Press
2011
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XI, 402 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780123741820 |
Staff View
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hannah, Lee Jay |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Climate change biology |c Lee Hannah |
| 264 | 1 | |a Burlington, Mass. [u.a.] |b Academic Press |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 402 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |c 24 cm | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Klimaänderung | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Climatic changes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Natural resources | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environmental impact analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Protected areas | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ökologie |0 (DE-588)4043207-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Anthropogene Klimaänderung |0 (DE-588)4290733-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804148493333299200 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
.............................................................................xi
Section
1
Introduction
CHAPTER
1
A New Discipline
:
Climate Change Biology
....................3
A Greenhouse Planet
....................................................................4
Boundaries of Life
.........................................................................7
Shifting Interactions
.....................................................................8
Chemistry of Change
....................................................................9
Linkages Back to Climate
.............................................................9
Climate Change Biology
.............................................................10
CHAPTER
2
The Climate System and Climate Change
.....................13
The Climate System
....................................................................13
Evolution of the Earth s Climate
................................................16
Natural Drivers of Change
.......................................................19
Major Features of Present Climate
............................................24
Stable States of the System
........................................................28
Human-Driven Change: Rising CO2
..........................................30
Rapid Climate Change
................................................................34
Change and the Global Carbon Cycle
.......................................39
Modeling the Climate System
....................................................41
Regional Climate Models
............................................................45
Commonly Used GCMs
...............................................................48
Emissions Scenarios
...................................................................50
GCM Outputs
..............................................................................50
Biological Assessments with Downscaled Data
......................52
Further Reading
..........................................................................52
Section
2
The Impacts of Human Induced
Climate Change
CHAPTER
3
Species Range Shifts
.......................................................55
First Sign of Change: Coral Bleaching
......................................56
Contents
Acidification
—
The CO2 Double Whammy
................................59
First Changes on Land
...............................................................60
Mounting Evidence of Range Shifts
..........................................62
Patterns within the Patterns
......................................................71
Extinctions
...................................................................................72
Freshwater Changes
..................................................................75
Pests and Pathogens
...................................................................76
Further Reading
..........................................................................79
CHAPTER
4
Phenology: Changes in Timing of
Biological Events Due to Climate Change
.....................81
Arrival of Spring
..........................................................................83
Freshwater Systems
...................................................................87
Spring Ahead, Fall Behind
.........................................................89
Tropical Forest Phenology
..........................................................89
Marine Systems
...........................................................................91
Mechanisms: Temperature and Photoperiod
...........................93
Life Cycles of Insect Herbivores
................................................94
Timing Mismatches Between Species
......................................97
Further Reading
........................................................................100
CHAPTER
5
Ecosystem Change
........................................................101
Tropical Ecosystem Changes
...................................................101
Cloud Forests
............................................................................103
Temperate Ecosystem Change
................................................107
High Mountain Ecosystems
.....................................................
Ill
Glacier and Snowpack-Dependent Ecosystems
.....................113
Polar and Marine Systems
........................................................116
Polar Food Webs
:
Changes in the Southern Ocean
...............120
Tropical Marine Systems
..........................................................120
Pelagic Marine Systems
............................................................123
Changes in Ocean Chemistry
..................................................125
Ecosystem Feedbacks to Climate System
...............................126
Further Reading
........................................................................130
Section
3
Lessons from the Past
CHAPTER
6
Past Terrestrial Response
.............................................133
Scope of Change
........................................................................133
The Earth Moves
.......................................................................134
Climate Runs Through It
..........................................................136
Fast and Far: The Record of the Ice Ages
..............................140
Ice Racing in North America and Europe
...............................141
Contents
Out of Land: The Southern Temperate Response
..................144
North Meets South
....................................................................145
Rapid Change: The Younger Dryas
.........................................148
Tropical Responses
...................................................................150
Milankovitch Forcing in the Biological Record
......................154
Lessons of Past Change
...........................................................155
Further Reading
........................................................................155
CHAPTER
7
Past Marine Ecosystem Changes
.................................157
Effects of Temperature Change
...............................................157
Effects of Sea Level Change
.....................................................161
Changes in Ocean Circulation
.................................................162
Changes in Ocean Chemistry
..................................................166
Further Reading
........................................................................171
CHAPTER
8
Past Freshwater Changes
.............................................173
Lakes as Windows to Past Climate
.........................................174
Types of Freshwater Alteration with Climate
........................179
Freshwater Biotas, Habitats, and Food Chains
......................183
Deep Time: Pace of Evolution and Species Accumulation....
184
Recent-Time (Tertiary and Pleistocene)
Records of Change
....................................................................186
Fast Forward
.............................................................................188
Further Reading
........................................................................188
CHAPTER
9
Extinctions
......................................................................189
The Five Major Mass Extinctions
............................................189
Causes of Extinction Events
....................................................193
Climate as the Common Factor in Major Extinctions
............194
Impacts and Climate
.................................................................195
Does Climate Change Always Cause Extinction?
..................196
Climate and Extinctions in Deep Time
....................................196
The Past
100
Million Years
.......................................................198
The Past
2
Million Years: Extinction at the Dawn of the
Ice Ages and the Pleistocene Extinctions
...............................201
The Missing Ice Age Extinctions
.............................................204
Patterns in the Losses
..............................................................204
Further Reading
........................................................................205
Section
4
Looking to the Future
CHAPTER
10
Insights from Experimentation
.....................................209
Theory
........................................................................................209
Laboratory and Greenhouse Experiments
..............................214
Contents
Field
Experiments.....................................................................220
Results of Whole-Vegetation Experiments
.............................224
Results of Field CO2 Experiments
...........................................226
Arctic Experiments
...................................................................229
Further Reading
........................................................................231
CHAPTER
11
Modeling Species and Ecosystem Response
...............233
Types of Models
........................................................................235
Dynamic Global Vegetation Models
........................................239
Species Distribution Models
....................................................243
Gap Models
................................................................................252
Modeling Aquatic Systems
......................................................253
Earth System Models
................................................................258
Further Reading
........................................................................259
CHAPTER
12
Estimating Extinction Risk from Climate Change
......261
Evidence from the Past
.............................................................263
Estimates from Species Distribution Modeling
......................265
Species-Area Relationship
.......................................................267
A Question of Dispersal
............................................................268
The Problem with Endemics
....................................................269
Checking the Estimates
...........................................................269
Not Just About Polar Bears Anymore
.....................................270
Are a Million Species at Risk?
..................................................272
Why the Future may not be Like the Past
..............................274
Further Reading
........................................................................275
Section
5
Implications for Conservation
CHAPTER
13
Adaptation of Conservation Strategies
........................279
Early Concepts of Protected Areas and Climate Change
......280
Protected Area Planning
..........................................................284
Planning for Persistence
...........................................................286
Resistance Resilience
...............................................................289
Protected Area Management
...................................................291
Marine Protected Areas
............................................................294
Protected Areas for Climate Change
.......................................300
Further Reading
........................................................................301
CHAPTER
14
Connectivity and Landscape Management
.................303
Area-Demanding Species
.........................................................304
Migratory Species
.....................................................................308
Species Range Shifts
.................................................................310
Contents
Planning
for
Connectivity.........................................................311
Managing Connectivity in Human-Dominated Landscapes....314
Regional Coordination
..............................................................315
Monitoring
.................................................................................316
Further Reading
........................................................................317
CHAPTER
15
Species Management
....................................................319
Threatened Species
..................................................................319
Climate Change Impacts on Threatened Species
..................322
Species Threatened by Climate Change
.................................322
Assessing Species Threatened by Climate Change
..............324
An Iconic Example
....................................................................326
Managing Species Threatened by Climate Change
...............328
Resources for the Job
...............................................................335
Further Reading
........................................................................336
Section
6
Finding Solutions: International
Policy and Action
CHAPTER
16
Mitigation: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions,
Sinks, and Solutions
.......................................................339
Climate Policy
............................................................................339
Stabilizing Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations
...341
Practical Steps for the Next
50
Years
......................................342
Energy Efficiency
......................................................................344
Renewable Energy Sources
......................................................344
Nuclear Power
...........................................................................348
The End of Oil
............................................................................350
Putting the Pieces Together
.....................................................355
Further Reading
........................................................................356
CHAPTER
17
Extinction Risk from Climate Change Solutions
.........357
Wedges Beyond
50
Years
.........................................................357
Past Experience
.........................................................................358
Land use Requirements of Alternate Energy
.........................359
Solar
............................................................................................360
Wind
...........................................................................................361
Biofuels
......................................................................................363
Hydropower, Tidal Power, and Geothermal Power
...............365
Nuclear Power
...........................................................................366
Carbon Sequestration
...............................................................366
Land use Requirements of Free Air Sequestration
Technologies Systems
..............................................................368
:
Contents
Geoengineering
.........................................................................368
Estimating Extinction Risk
.......................................................369
Snort-Term Wedges and Long-Term Pathways
.....................371
Further Reading
........................................................................371
CHAPTER
18
Assessing Risks, Designing Solutions
.........................373
Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation
...............................................373
The Assessment Process
..........................................................373
Domain and Grain
.....................................................................374
Biological Assessment
..............................................................375
Stand-Alone Biological Assessment
........................................377
Design of Adaptation Solutions
...............................................378
Two Examples
...........................................................................379
And Do It Again
........................................................................381
REFERENCES
..........................................................................................383
INDEX
......................................................................................................393
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| spelling | Hannah, Lee Jay Verfasser aut Climate change biology Lee Hannah Burlington, Mass. [u.a.] Academic Press 2011 XI, 402 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Klimaänderung Climatic changes Natural resources Environmental impact analysis Protected areas Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd rswk-swf Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd rswk-swf Klimaschutz (DE-588)7547705-1 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s Klimaschutz (DE-588)7547705-1 s DE-604 Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 s Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 s 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024489284&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Hannah, Lee Jay Climate change biology Klimaänderung Climatic changes Natural resources Environmental impact analysis Protected areas Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd Klimaschutz (DE-588)7547705-1 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043207-5 (DE-588)4290733-0 (DE-588)7547705-1 (DE-588)4164199-1 |
| title | Climate change biology |
| title_auth | Climate change biology |
| title_exact_search | Climate change biology |
| title_full | Climate change biology Lee Hannah |
| title_fullStr | Climate change biology Lee Hannah |
| title_full_unstemmed | Climate change biology Lee Hannah |
| title_short | Climate change biology |
| title_sort | climate change biology |
| topic | Klimaänderung Climatic changes Natural resources Environmental impact analysis Protected areas Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd Klimaschutz (DE-588)7547705-1 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Klimaänderung Climatic changes Natural resources Environmental impact analysis Protected areas Ökologie Anthropogene Klimaänderung Klimaschutz |
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