Handbook of hot dip galvanization:
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| Format: | Book |
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| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Weinheim
Wiley-VCH
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturangaben |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 460 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9783527323241 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of hot dip galvanization |c ed. by Peter Maaß ... |
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| _version_ | 1804148406454583296 |
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE TO THE THIRD GERMAN EDITION XVII ACKNOWLEDGMENT XIX PREFACE TO
THE SECOND GERMAN EDITION XXI LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXIII
1 CORROSION AND CORROSION PROTECTION 1 PETER MAAFI 1.1 CORROSION 1
1.1.1 CAUSES OF CORROSION 1 1.1.2 TYPES OF CORROSION 2 1.1.3 CORROSION
PHENOMENA 3 1.1.4 CORROSIVE STRESS 4
1.1.4.1 ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION 5 1.1.4.2 CORROSION IN THE SOIL 5 1.1.4.3
CORROSION IN WATER 6 1.1.4.4 SPECIAL CORROSIVE STRESS 7
1.1.4.5 AVOIDANCE OF CORROSION DAMAGES 7 1.2 CORROSION PROTECTION 7
1.2.1 PROCEDURES 7
1.2.1.1 ACTIVE PROCEDURES 7 1.2.1.2 PASSIVE PROCEDURES 9 1.2.2
COMMERCIAL RELEVANCE 10 1.2.3 CORROSION PROTECTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION 18
APPENDIX L.A 18
2 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF HOT-DIP GALVANIZING 21 PETER MAAFI
REFERENCES 27
3 SURFACE-PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY 29 PETER PEIFIKER
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1006150099
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
IMAGE 2
VI CONTENTS
3.1 AS-DELIVERED CONDITION 30
3.1.1 BASIC MATERIAL 30 3.1.1.1 STEEL COMPOSITION 30 3.1.2 SURFACE
FINISH 31 3.1.2.1 SIMILAR CONTAMINANTS 31
3.1.2.2 DISSIMILAR CONTAMINANTS 32 3.1.2.3 DEFECTS ON STEEL SUBSTRATES
34 3.1.3 STEEL SURFACE ROUGHNESS 35 3.2 MECHANICAL SURFACE-PREPARATION
METHODS 35
3.2.1 BLAST CLEANING 35 3.2.2 BARREL FINISHING 36 3.3 CHEMICAL CLEANING
AND DEGREASING 37 3.3.1 ALKALINE CLEANER 40
3.3.1.1 COMPOSITION 40 3.3.1.2 WATER 41 3.3.1.3 WORKING CONDITIONS 42
3.3.1.4 ANALYTICAL CONTROL, SERVICE LIFE, RECYCLING 44
3.3.2 BIOLOGICAL CLEANING 48 3.3.3 PICKLE DEGREASING 49 3.3.4 OTHER
CLEANING METHODS 51 3.4 RINSING OF THE PARTS 51
3.4.1 CARRYOVER 52 3.4.1.1 SURFACE DATA 52 3.4.1.2 WITHDRAWAL, DRIPPING
52 3.4.1.3 CARRYOVER 52 3.4.2 CALCULATION OF RINSING PROCESSES 53
3.4.3 RINSEWATER RECIRCULATION 56 3.5 PICKLING 57
3.5.1 MATERIAL AND SURFACE CONDITION 58 3.5.1.1 STRUCTURE OF THE OXIDE
LAYER 58 3.5.1.2 THE MATERIAL STEEL 58 3.5.1.3 TOPOGRAPHY 60 3.5.2
HYDROCHLORIC-ACID PICKLE 61
3.5.2.1 COMPOSITION 62 3.5.2.2 PICKLING CONDITIONS 64 3.5.2.3 INHIBITION
AND HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT 71 3.5.2.4 ANALYTICAL CONTROL, RECYCLING,
UTILIZATION OF RESIDUAL MATERIAL 75
3.5.3 PREPARATION OF CAST MATERIALS 79 3.5.4 DEZINCIFICATION 80 3.6
HOT-DIP GALVANIZING FLUXES 81 3.6.1 FLUXES ON ZNCL 2 /NH 4 CL BASIS 81
3.6.1.1 DRY GALVANIZING 82 3.6.1.2 WET GALVANIZING 83 3.6.2 THE ZNCL 2
/NACL/KCL SYSTEM 84
3.6.3 FLUX-INDUCED RESIDUES 84
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS VII
REFERENCES 85
STANDARDS 89 LIFTING DEVICES 90
4 HOT-DIP GALVANIZING AND LAYER-FORMATION TECHNOLOGY 91 W.-D. SCHULZ AND
M. THIELE 4.1 PROCESS VARIANTS 91
4.1.1 CONTINUOUS HOT-DIP GALVANIZING OF STEEL STRIPS AND STEEL WIRE 91
4.1.2 BATCH GALVANIZING 94 4.1.2.1 DRY GALVANIZING PROCESS 94 4.1.2.2
WET GALVANIZING PROCESS 94 4.1.3 SPECIAL PROCESSES 97
4.2 LAYER FORMATION IN HOT-DIP BATCH GALVANIZING BETWEEN 435 C AND 620
C 98 4.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 98 4.2.1.1 LOW-SILICON RANGE ( O.O35% SI) 100
4.2.1.2 SANDELIN RANGE (0.035-0.12% SI) 101 4.2.1.3 SEBISTY RANGE
(0.12-0.28% SI) 101 4.2.1.4 HIGH-SILICON RANGE ( 0.28% SI) 101 4.2.2
INFLUENCE OF MELTING TEMPERATURE AND IMMERSION TIME ON LAYER
THICKNESS 102
4.2.3 INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT OF STEELS PRIOR TO GALVANIZING 106
4.2.4 HIGH-TEMPERATURE GALVANIZING ABOVE 53OC 207 4.2.5 STRUCTURAL
ANALYSES 108 4.2.5.1 CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF
435-490 C 108 4.2.5.2 CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF
490-530C 110 4.2.5.3 CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE IN THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE
RANGE OF
5 30-620 C 111
4.2.6 HOLISTIC THEORY OF LAYER FORMATION 114 4.2.6.1 NORMAL TEMPERATURE
RANGE BETWEEN 435 AND 490C 114 4.2.6.2 TEMPERATURE RANGE BETWEEN 490C
AND 530C 115 4.2.6.3 HIGH-TEMPERATURE RANGE BETWEEN 53OC AND 620C 115
4.2.7 INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS OF THE MELT ON LAYER FORMATION 117
4.2.7.1 CONVENTIONAL ZINC MELTS 117 4.2.7..2 ALLOYED ZINC MELTS 127 4.3
LIQUID-METAL-INDUCED EMBRITTLEMENT (LME) 120
4.4 AFTER-TREATMENT 122
REFERENCES 122
5 TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT 125 R. MINTERT AND PETER PEISSKER 5.1 PRELIMINARY
PLANNING 125 5.1.1 PRELIMINARY STUDY 125 5.1.2 INTENSIVE STUDY 125 5.1.3
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL 126
IMAGE 4
VIII CONTENTS
5.2 LAYOUT VARIANTS OF PLANTS 126
5.2.1 LINEAR ARRANGEMENT 126 5.2.2 U-SHAPED ARRANGEMENT 126 5.2.3
MOUNTING AREA 130 5.2.4 FRAMES, CROSSBEAMS, AUXILIARY DEVICES 130
5.2.4.1 FEEDING DEVICES 133
5.2.4.2 TYPICAL EXAMPLES FOR FRAMES AND CROSSBEAMS 134 5.2.5 AUTOMATIC
BATCH GALVANIZING PLANT 136 5.3 PRETREATMENT PLANT 137 5.3.1
PRETREATMENT UNITS 137
5.3.2 PICKLING HOUSING 139 5.3.3 HEAT SUPPLY OF PRETREATMENT BATHS 140
5.3.4 FAVORABLE TANK COVERS 142 5.4 DRYING FURNACES 142
5.5 GALVANIZING FURNACES 145 5.5.1 IMMERSION BURNERS FOR HEATING OF
CERAMIC BATH FOR ZINC AND ZINC/ ALUMINUM 145 5.5.2 GALVANIZING FURNACES
WITH CIRCULATING HEATING 146
5.5.3 GALVANIZING FURNACES WITH SURFACE HEATING 146 5.5.4 GALVANIZING
FURNACES WITH IMPULSE BURNER HEATING 148 5.5.5 GALVANIZING FURNACE WITH
INDUCTION HEATING 148 5.5.6 GALVANIZING FURNACE WITH RESISTANCE HEATING
149
5.5.7 GALVANIZING FURNACES WITH CHANNEL INDUCTOR 149 5.5.8 SERVICE PLAN:
GALVANIZING KETTLE 150 5.6 GALVANIZING KETTLE 155 5.7 ZINC BATH HOUSINGS
155
5.7.1 TRANSVERSE HOUSING, STATIONARY 157 5.7.1.1 HOUSING WITH HINGED OR
SLIDING COVERS 257 5.7.2 TRANSVERSE HOUSING, CRANE DISPLACEABLE 258
5.7.3 LONGITUDINAL HOUSING 159 5.8 AFTER-TREATMENT 159
5.9 UNLOADING AREA 260 5.10 CROSSBEAM RETURN 160 5.11 CRANE UNITS 160
5.11.1 ADAPTATION OF CRANE SYSTEMS TO THE GALVANIZING OPERATION 162
5.11.2 EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW 262 5.12 FILTRATION PLANTS 263 5.13
SEMIAUTOMATIC GALVANIZING LINES FOR SMALL PARTS 264 5.14 GALVANIZING
FURNACE WITH CERAMIC TROUGH 165
5.15 AUTOMATIC GALVANIZING LINE FOR SMALL PARTS 169 5.15.1 FULLY
AUTOMATIC GALVANIZING PLANTS FOR HIGH-PRECISION BOLTS 169 5.15.2
AUTOMATIC ROBOT-OPERATED CENTRIFUGAL GALVANIZING LINE 170 5.16 PIPE
GALVANIZING LINE 170
5.17 APPLICATION OF VIBRATORS 172 5.18 ENERGY BALANCE 174
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS | IX
5.19 COMMISSIONING AND DECOMMISSIONING OF A HOT-DIP GALVANIZING KETTLE,
KETTLE CHANGE, METHOD OF OPERATION 176 5.19.1 HOT-DIP GALVANIZING
KETTLES AND GALVANIZING FURNACES 176 5.19.2 COMMISSIONING 177 5.19.3
OPTIMUM OPERATION 179 5.19.4 EFFICIENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND SERVICE
LIFE OF THE KETTLE 180 5.19.5 DECOMMISSIONING 281 5.19.6 GALVANIZING
KETTLE FAILURE 182
REFERENCES 283
6 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY IN HOT-DIP
GALVANIZING PLANTS 285 C. KAFINER 6.1 RULES AND MEASURES CONCERNING
AIR-POLLUTION CONTROL 285 6.1.1 RULES 185
6.1.2 AUTHORIZATIONS 187 6.2 MEASURES FOR THE CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION
288 6.2.1 VENTILATION EQUIPMENT IN THE HOT-DIP GALVANIZING INDUSTRY 188
6.2.1.1 VENTILATION SYSTEMS 189 6.2.1.2 COLLECTION SYSTEMS 192 6.2.1.3
RESTRAINT SYSTEMS 196 6.2.1.4 INDUCED DRAFT FANS 207 6.2.1.5 DISCHARGE
OF EMISSIONS 208 6.3 MEASURING SYSTEMS 210 6.3.1 EMISSION MEASUREMENT
210
6.3.2 MEASUREMENT IN THE WORKING AREA 220 6.3.3 TREND MEASURING 222 6.4
WASTE AND RESIDUAL MATERIALS 222 6.4.1 GENERAL NOTES 211 6.4.2 OILY
WASTES/RESIDUAL MATERIALS FROM DEGREASING 223 6.4.2.1 OILY WASTE
/RESIDUES FROM DEGREASING BATHES 223 6.4.2.2 OIL- AND GREASE-CONTAINING
SLUDGE AND CONCENTRATES 223 6.4.3 SPENT PICKLING SOLUTIONS 223 6.4.4
WASTES/FLUX TREATMENT RESIDUES 224 6.4.4.1 SPENT FLUX BATHS 214 6.4.4.2
IRON-HYDROXIDE SLUDGE 225 6.4.5 WASTES/GALVANIZING RESIDUES 215 6.4.5.1
DROSS 215 6.4.5.2 ZINC ASH 225 6.4.5.3 SPATTERED ZINC 226
6.4.6 FURTHER WASTES/RESIDUES 226 6.5 NOISE 216
6.5.1 GENERAL NOTES 216 6.5.2 NOISE PROTECTION IN HOT-DIP GALVANIZING
PLANTS 228 6.5.2.1 PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT 218
IMAGE 6
X I CONTENTS
6.5.2.2 OPERATIONAL MEASURES 228
6.6 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 229 6.6.1 GENERAL NOTES 219 6.6.1.1 LEGAL
FOUNDATIONS 219 6.6.1.2 ACCIDENTS IN HOT-DIP GALVANIZING COMPANIES 229
6.6.1.3 ACCIDENT COSTS 220 6.6.2 EQUIPMENT OF THE HOT-DIP GALVANIZING
COMPANY 221 6.6.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 221 6.6.2.2 WORKROOMS AND WORKING
AREAS 222
6.6.2.3 OPEN BATHS 222 6.6.2.4 FEEDING DEVICES 222 6.6.3 OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS/GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 223 6.6.4 PERSONAL PROTECTION
EQUIPMENT 223
6.6.5 PERSONAL RULES OF CONDUCT 223 6.6.6 HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES 227 6.6.7 SAFETY MARKING AT THE WORKPLACE 228 6.6.8 STATUTORY
REPRESENTATIVE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND LABOR PROTECTION 228
6.7 PRACTICAL MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 230 REFERENCES 234
FURTHER REFERENCES 237
7 DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING ACCORDING TO HOT-DIP GALVANIZING REQUIREMENTS
239 C. SCHEER AND M. HUCKSHOLD 7.1 GENERAL NOTES 239
7.2 REQUIREMENTS REGARDING SURFACE QUALITY OF THE BASIC MATERIAL 241
7.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 242 7.2.2 REMOVAL OF DISSIMILAR LAYERS 241
7.2.2.1 OILS AND GREASES 241 7.2.2.2 WELDING SLAG AND WELDING TOOLS 242
7.2.2.3 BLASTING, ABRASIVE RESIDUES 242 7.2.2.4 PAINT, OLD COATINGS,
MARKINGS 242 7.2.3 SURFACE ROUGHNESS 243 7.2.4 SHELLS, SCALES, OVERLAPS
243 7.3 DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS OF MATERIAL TO BE GALVANIZED 244 7.3.1
GENERAL NOTES 244
7.3.2 BATH DIMENSIONS, PIECE WEIGHTS 244 7.3.3 BULKY PARTS, OVERSIZED
PARTS 245 7.3.4 SUSPENSIONS 246 7.4 CONTAINERS AND TUBULAR CONSTRUCTIONS
(HOLLOW BODIES) 247
7.4.1 GENERA] NOTES 247 7.4.2 TUBULAR CONSTRUCTIONS 247 7.4.3 EXTERNAL
GALVANIZING OF TUBES AND CONTAINERS 248 7.4.4 CONTAINERS 249
7.5 STEEL PROFILE CONSTRUCTIONS 252
IMAGE 7
CONTENTS XI
7.5.1 MATERIALS/MATERIAL THICKNESS/STRESS 251
7.5.2 SURFACE PREPARATION 251 7.5.3 OVERLAPS 252 7.5.4 FREE PUNCHES AND
FLOW APERTURES 252 7.6 STEEL SHEET AND STEEL WIRE 255 7.6.1 SHEET
STEELWARE 255
7.6.1.1 JOINING METHODS 255 7.6.1.2 DESIGN 255 7.6.2 WIRE PRODUCTS 257
7.7 CONSTRUCTIONS OF HOT-DIP GALVANIZED SEMIFINISHED PRODUCTS 257 7.7.1
REQUIREMENTS 258
7.7.2 PROCESSING 259 7.8 AVOIDANCE OF DISTORTION AND CRACK FORMATION 260
7.8.1 COHERENCES 260 7.8.2 REMEDIES 262 7.8.3 REDUCTION OF
DISTORTION/CRACK RISK IN LARGE STEEL CONSTRUCTIONS 263
7.9 WELDING BEFORE AND AFTER HOT-DIP GALVANIZING 265 7.9.1 WELDING
BEFORE HOT-DIP GALVANIZING 265 7.9.1.1 GENERAL NOTES 265 7.9.1.2 SOURCES
OF DEFECTS 265 7.9.1.3 WELDING PRACTICE 266 7.9.2 WELDING AFTER HOT-DIP
GALVANIZING 268
7.9.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 268 7.9.2.2 WELDING PRACTICE 268 7.10 HOT-DIP
GALVANIZING OF SMALL PARTS 270 7.10.1 METHODS 270 7.10.2 WHAT ARE SMALL
PARTS? 271 7.10.3 APPEARANCE AND SURFACE QUALITY 271 7.10.4 PRODUCTS 271
7.10.4.1 FASTENERS 271 7.10.4.2 NAILS, PIVOTS, DISCS, HOOKS, ETC. 272
7.10.4.3 SMALL PARTS OF SECTIONAL STEEL, BAR STEEL AND SHEET 272
7.10.4.4 CHAINS 273 7.11 REWORKING AND REPAIR OF ZINC COATINGS 273
7.11.1 ZINC RIDGES, DRAINAGE RUNS 273 7.11.2 HINGES AND THREAD BOLTS 273
7.11.3 IMPERFECTIONS AND DAMAGES 274 7.12 HOT-DIP GALVANIZING OF CAST
MATERIALS 276
7.13 LOCAL AVOIDANCE OF ZINC ADHERENCE 277 7.14 STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
278 7.14.1 DIN EN ISO 1461 AND NATIONAL SUPPLEMENT 1 (NOTES) 278 7.14.2
DIN EN ISO 14713 281 7.14.3 FURTHER STANDARDS 281
7.15 DEFECTS AND AVOIDING DEFECTS 282 7.15.1 EXTRANEOUS RUST 282
IMAGE 8
XIII CONTENTS
7.15.2 GRINDING SPARKS 284
7.15.3 CRACKS IN WORKPIECES 284 7.15.4 DISSIMILAR LAYERS ON THE STEEL
STRUCTURE 284 7.15.5 THERMAL IMPACTS 286 7.15.6 DAMAGES THROUGH
STRAIGHTENING WORK 287
7.15.7 GALVANIZING DEFECTS THROUGH AIR INCLUSIONS 287 7.15.8 UNPROTECTED
FASTENERS 287 REFERENCES 288
8 QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HOT-DIP GALVANIZING COMPANIES 291 G. HALM 8.1
WHY QUALITY MANAGEMENT? 291 8.2 IMPORTANT CRITERIA 292
8.3 STRUCTURE OF THE QM SYSTEM ACCORDING TO DIN EN ISO 9001:2000 292 8.4
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF QM ELEMENTS SECTIONS 4-8 294 8.4.1 DOCUMENTATION
REQUIREMENTS SECTION 4 294
8.4.2 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES SECTION 5 295 8.4.3 RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT SECTION 6 295 8.4.4 PRODUCT REALIZATION SECTION 7 295 8.4.5
MEASURING, ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT SECTION 8 296
8.5 INTRODUCTION OF QM SYSTEMS 300 8.6 TRENDS 300
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 301 REFERENCES 301
9 CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF ZINC COATINGS 303 H.-J. BOETTCHER, W. FRIEHE, D.
HORSTMANN, C.-L KRUSE, W. SCHWENK, AND W.-D. SCHULZ
9.1 CORROSION-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 303 9.1.1 GENERAL NOTES 303 9.1.2
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CORROSION IN WATERS 305 9.1.3 THERMODYNAMIC
FUNDAMENTALS 309
9.1.4 BIMETALLIC CORROSION 312 9.1.5 THERMAL RESISTANCE 313 9.1.6
MECHANICAL RESISTANCE 314
9.2 CORROSION CAUSED BY ATMOSPHERE 324 9.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 324 9.2.2
CORROSION CAUSED BY NATURAL WEATHERING 325 9.2.2.1 CORROSION CAUSED BY
NATURAL WEATHERING WITHOUT RAIN
PROTECTION 316
9.2.2.2 CORROSION IN NATURAL WEATHERING WITH RAIN PROTECTION 319 9.2.3
INDOOR CORROSION 320 9.2.3.1 INTERIOR ROOMS WITHOUT AIR CONDITIONING 320
9.2.3.2 INTERIOR ROOMS WITH AIR CONDITIONING 321
IMAGE 9
CONTENTS I XIII
9.2.4 WHITE-RUST FORMATION 322
9.2.5 CORROSION DUE TO DRAIN WATER 324 9.3 CORROSION THROUGH WATER 324
9.3.1 DRINKING WATER 324 9.3.2 SWIMMING-POOL WATER 326 9.3.3 OPEN
COOLING SYSTEMS 326
9.3.4 CLOSED HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS 327 9.3.5 WASTEWATER 327
9.3.5.1 RAINWATER 327 9.3.5.2 DOMESTIC WASTEWATER 327 9.3.5.3 WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANTS 328
9.3.6 SEAWATER 328 9.3.6.1 COVER-LAYER FORMATION 329 9.3.6.2 BLISTERING
329 9.3.6.3 DUPLEX-SYSTEMS 330 9.4 CORROSION IN SOILS 330
9.4.1 FREE-CORROSION BEHAVIOR 331 9.4.2 POTENTIAL DEPENDENCE OF THE
CORROSION RATE 332 9.4.3 REACTION TO ELEMENT FORMATION AND STRAY CURRENT
IMPACT 333 9.4.4 REACTION TO THE IMPACT OF ALTERNATING CURRENT 333 9.5
CORROSION RESISTANCE TO CONCRETE 334 9.6 CORROSION IN AGRICULTURAL
FACILITIES AND CAUSED BY AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS 336
9.6.1 BUILDINGS AND BARN EQUIPMENT 337 9.6.2 STORAGE AND TRANSPORT 337
9.6.3 FOODSTUFFS 338 9.7 CORROSION THROUGH NONAQUEOUS MEDIA 338 9.8
CORROSION PROTECTION MEASURES AT DEFECTIVE SPOTS 340 9.8.1 GENERAL NOTES
340
9.8.2 REPAIR METHODS 340 9.8.2.1 THERMAL SPRAYING WITH ZINC 342 9.8.2.2
APPLICATION OF COATING MATERIALS 341
9.8.2.3 APPLICATION OF SOLDERS 342 9.9 EXAMINATION OF CORROSION
RESISTANCE AND QUALITY TEST 342 9.9.1 APPEARANCE 342 9.9.2 LAYER
THICKNESS 342
9.9.3 ADHESIVENESS 343 REFERENCES 343
10 COATINGS ON ZINC LAYERS-DUPLEX-SYSTEMS 349 A SCHNEIDER 10.1
FUNDAMENTALS, USE, MAIN FIELDS OF APPLICATION 349 10.2 DEFINITIONS OF
TERMS 352 10.3 PROTECTION PERIOD OF DUPLEX-SYSTEMS 353 10.4 SPECIAL
FEATURES OF THE CONSTRUCTIVE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS 353
IMAGE 10
XIV CONTENTS
10.5 QUALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ZINC COATING FOR PROTECTIVE PAINT
LAYERS 355
10.6 SURFACE PREPARATION OF THE ZINC COATING FOR THE PROTECTIVE PAINT
356 10.6.1 CONTAMINATIONS ON THE ZINC COATING 356 10.6.2
SURFACE-PREPARATION METHODS 357
10.6.3 DESCRIPTION OF PRACTICALLY APPLIED SURFACE-PREPARATION METHODS
359 10.6.3.1 SWEEP-BLASTING 359 10.6.3.2 HIGH-PRESSURE WATER JET OR
STEAM BLASTING 360 10.6.3.3 GRINDING WITH ABRASIVE FLEECE 362
10.6.3.4 CHEMICAL CONVERSION 362 10.6.4 CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE
PREPARATION AND PROTECTIVE PAINT COATING IN THE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
363 10.6.4.1 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS WITH LIQUID COATING MATERIALS 363
10.6.4.2 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS WITH POWDER COATING MATERIALS 364 10.7
COATING MATERIALS, PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS 364 REFERENCES 369
11 ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF HOT-DIP GALVANIZING 371 PETER MAAFI REFERENCES
377
12 EXAMPLES OF USE 379 PETER MAAFI 12.1 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 380 12.2
CIVIL ENGINEERING 383
12.3 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING 385 12.4 SPORT/LEISURE 388 12.5 PLANT
ENGINEERING 389 12.6 MINING 390
12.7 ENERGY SUPPLY 392 12.8 AGRICULTURE 393 12.9 COMPONENT
PARTS/FASTENERS 394 12.10 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 396
12.11 HANDICRAFT 397 12.12 ART 399
12.13 CONTINUOUS-SHEET GALVANIZING 400 12.14 CONCLUSION 401
13 APPENDIX 403
PETER MAAFI APPENDIX A DEFECT OCCURRENCE ON ZINC COATINGS AND AT HOT-DIP
GALVANIZED WORKPIECES 403 13.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ZINC COATING 403
13.1.1 DESIGN 403
IMAGE 11
CONTENTS XV
13.1.2 WORKPIECE PROPERTIES 404
13.1.3 COATING PROPERTIES 404 13.1.4 LAYER THICKNESS 404 13.1.5 REPAIRS
404 13.1.6 ADHESIVENESS 405 13.2 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR HOT-DIP
GALVANIZED COATINGS ON STEEL
STRUCTURES 405
13.3 MAJOR DEFECTS IN THE ZINC COATING OR AT THE HOT-DIP GALVANIZED
WORKPIECE 406 13.3.1 DEFECTS ORIGINATING FROM THE DESIGN OF THE
WORKPIECE 406 13.3.1.1 ACCUMULATIONS (ZINC BUILD-UP) 406 13.3.1.2
BLOCKED BOREHOLES 407 13.3.1.3 METAL EMBRITTLEMENT 407 13.3.1.4 FLASH
407 13.3.1.5 CLOSED HOLLOW BODIES 407 13.3.1.6 BURNED CASTINGS 408
13.3.1.7 DISTORTION 408 13.3.1.8 EFFLORESCENCE OF SALTS 408 13.3.1.9
INCLUSIONS OF PICKLE AND FLUX RESIDUES 408 13.3.2 DEFECTS ORIGINATING
FROM SURFACE COVERINGS ON THE WORKPIECE 409 13.3.2.1 DEFECTS DUE TO
PAINT, OIL CRAYON, TAR, ETC. 409 13.3.2.2 DEFECTS DUE TO GREASE AND OIL
409 13.3.2.3 DEFECTS DUE TO WELDING SLAG 409 13.3.2.4 BLACK AREAS 409
13.3.3 DEFECTS ARISING DUE TO THE PROCESS ENGINEERING APPLIED IN HOT-DIP
GALVANIZING 409 13.3.3.1 ASH, FLUX 409 13.3.3.2 THICK ZINC COATING 420
13.3.3.3 THIN ZINC COATING 410
13.3.3.4 PEELING 410 13.3.3.5 STICKING POINTS 410 13.3.3.6 PIMPLES 422
13.3.3.7 ROUGH SURFACE 412 13.3.3.8 FORMATION OF TEARS AND SAGS 422
13.3.3.9 DRAINAGE RUNS, DROPS, POINTS 412 13.3.4 DEFECTS CAUSED BY
TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND ASSEMBLY 422 13.3.4.1 EXTRANEOUS RUST 412
13.3.4.2 WHITE RUST 412 13.3.4.3 FLAKING 413 13.3.4.4 BROWN STAINING 413
13.3.4.5 BLISTERING 413 13.3.5 HANDLING AND ASSEMBLY OF HOT-DIP
GALVANIZED
COMPONENTS 424 APPENDIX B INFORMATION CENTERS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF
GERMANY 416
IMAGE 12
XVI CONTENTS
APPENDIX C HOT-DIP GALVANIZING COMPANIES IN GERMANY AS OF
15/8/2005 SOURCE: INSTITUT FUER FEUERVERZINKEN GMBH 419 APPENDIX D
WORLDWIDE GALVANIZING ASSOCIATIONS 439
INDEX 443
|
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| discipline | Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
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| spelling | Handbuch Feuerverzinken Handbook of hot dip galvanization ed. by Peter Maaß ... Weinheim Wiley-VCH 2011 XXIII, 460 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Feuerverzinken (DE-588)4154282-4 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Feuerverzinken (DE-588)4154282-4 s DE-604 Maaß, Peter Sonstige (DE-588)134237978 oth DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024428330&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
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| title | Handbook of hot dip galvanization |
| title_alt | Handbuch Feuerverzinken |
| title_auth | Handbook of hot dip galvanization |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of hot dip galvanization |
| title_full | Handbook of hot dip galvanization ed. by Peter Maaß ... |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of hot dip galvanization ed. by Peter Maaß ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of hot dip galvanization ed. by Peter Maaß ... |
| title_short | Handbook of hot dip galvanization |
| title_sort | handbook of hot dip galvanization |
| topic | Feuerverzinken (DE-588)4154282-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Feuerverzinken Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024428330&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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