Complete land law: text, cases, and materials
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Oxford Univ. Press
2011
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Rev ed. of: Complete land law. 2009. |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 799 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780199596812 |
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MARC
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| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV039543720 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Sexton, Roger |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Complete land law |b text, cases, and materials |c Roger Sexton, Barbara Bogusz |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Land law |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 799 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Rev ed. of: Complete land law. 2009. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Recht | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Real property |z England |v Cases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Land tenure |x Law and legislation |z England |v Cases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Real property |z Wales |v Cases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Land tenure |x Law and legislation |z Wales |v Cases | |
| 650 | 7 | |a LAW / General |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a LAW / Land Use |2 bisacsh | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bogusz, Barbara |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024395752&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024395752 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804148360880324608 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Guide
to using the book
vi
Guide to the Online Resource Centre
viii
Preface
x¡
Acknowledgements
xxix
Table of Cases
xxxi
Table of Statutes
xxxix
Table of Statutory Instruments
xlv
Part
1
Introduction: Estates and Interests in Land
1
Chapter
1
Introduction to the Types of Property
Rights in Land
3
1.1
Real Property and Personal Property
?
1.1.1
Real Property
8
1.1.2
Personal Property
8
1.2
Property Rights which Give Immediate Use and Enjoyment of Land
8
1.2.1
Fee Simple Estate
9
1.2.2
Leases
10
1.3
Property Rights against Land Owned by Other People
11
1.3.1
Mortgages
11
1.3.2
Restrictive Covenants
12
1.3.3
Easements
12
1.3.4
Profits
à Prendre
13
1.3.5
Rentcharges
13
1.3.6
Rights of Occupation: Home Rights
14
1.37
Interest under a Resulting or Constructive Trust (Implied Trusts)
14
1.3.8
Proprietary Estoppel
15
1.3.9
Estate Contracts
16
1.3.10
Options
1?
1.3.11
The Trust
18
1.4
Proof of Title to Land
22
1.4.1
Importance of Proof of Title
22
1.4.2
Methods of Proving that a Vendor has Good Title
22
1.4.3
Unregistered Title
23
1.4.4
Registered Title
25
Chapter
2
Tenures and Estates
29
2.1
Feudal Tenures
30
2.2
Leasehold Tenure
31
xiii
2.3
Commonhold-A New Tenure for the Twenty-first Century
31
2.3.1
The Problem Commonhold is Designed to Solve
2.3.2
Commonhold Tenure to the Rescue
2.3.3
Common Parts in a Commonhold
2.4
Estates
2.5
Fee Simple
2.5.1
Fee Simple Estates before
1926
2.5.2
Fee Simple Estates after
1925
2.5.3
Modified Fee Simple Estates
2.Б
Fee Tail ?J
2.6.1
The Inalienability of Fee Tail Estates (As Such]
2.6.2
Barringan
Entail
2.6.3
BarringaFeeTailbyWill
4П
2.?
Life Estates
2.8
Estates in Possession, Reversion, and Remainder
2.8.1
Estate in Possession
2.8.2
Estate in Reversion
2.8.3
Estate in Remainder
2.9
Interests Under Trusts
3
Chapters Creation of Legal and Equitable Rights in Land
46
£ 3.1
Legal and Equitable Property Rights ®
3 3.1.1
Legal Property Rights
**
3.1.2
Equitable Property Rights
3.1.3
Legal and Equitable Property Rights after
1925
^8
3.2
Creation and Transfer of Legal Property Rights *°
3.2.1
Formalities for a Deed: the Traditional Rule 49
3.2.2
Formalities for a Deed: the Modem Rule
3.3
Creation of Equitable Interests in Land 49
3.3.1
Equity Follows the Law as to Types of Property Right
3.4
Creation of Equitable Interests in Land By Express Trust
50
3.5
Creation of Equitable Interests by a Contract to Convey or Create a Legal
Estate or Interest
51
3.5.1
Contracts for the Sale of Estates or Interests in Land
51
3.5.2
Formalities for Contracts to Sell Estates or Interests in Land
51
3.5.3
Exchange of Contracts
5?
3.5.4
Estate Contracts
5?
3.5.5
A Contract to Create Rights in Land Itself Creates an
Equitable Interest in the Land
63
3.6
An Informal Grant of Rights in Land is Treated as a Contract and so
Creates an Equitable interest in Land w
З.Б.1
limits on the
Principie
that a Contract or Informal Grant Creates an
Equitable Interest
£5
3.?
Grant of an Estate or Interest by a Person who Owns Only an
Equitable Interest
68
3.8
Grants of Interests Which Can Exist Only in Equity 69
Part
2
Unregistered Land
?з
Chapter
4
Protection of Legal and Equitable Property
Rights before
1925
?5
4.1
Legal and Equitable Property Rights: Case Study—High Chimneys
76
4.1.1
The Legal Property Rights ofOlabode and Pierce
77
4.1.2
The Equitable Property Right of Gianluca
78
4.2
The Elements of the Doctrine of Notice
78
4.2.1
Bona Fide
79
4.2.2
Purchaser for Value
.79
4.2.3
Purchaser of a Legal Estate or Legal Interest
80
4.2.4
Without Notice of the Equitable Interest
82
4.3
Case Study—
Brakenhill
House
85
4.4
Position of Successors in Title to a Purchaser without Notice
89
Chapter
5
The Impact of the
1925
Legislation
92
5.1
Legal Estates and Interests and the
1925
Legislation
93
5.1.1
TheNumberofTypesofLegalEstatesandlnterestspriorto
1925 93
5.1.2
The Effect of the
1925
Legislation
93
5.1.3
Law of Property Act
1925,
si
93
5.2
Legal Estates Existing After
1925 94
5.2.1
Term of Years Absolute
95
5.2.2
Fee Simple Absolute in Possession
95
5.3
Legal Interests Existing after
1925 99
5.3.1
(a) Easements and Profits
99
5.3.2
(b) Rentcharges
99
5.3.3
(c) A Charge by Way of Legal Mortgage
99
5.3.4
(d) All Interests in Land which Arise by Operation of Statute
99
5.3.5
(e) Rights of Entry
100
5.4
Equitable Interests after
1925 101
5.4.1
The Status of Fees Tail, Fees Simple in Remainder, Determinable Fees,
and Life Estates
101
Chapter
6
Status of Equitable Interests after
1925 105
6.1
Registration of Land Charges
106
6.1.1
The Operation of the Land Charges Register
108
6.1.2
Searches of the Land Charges Register
109
6.1.3
Equitable Interests Registrable as Land Charges 111
6.1.4
Legal Interests Registrable as Land Charges
113
6.1.5
Consequences of Failure to Register a Land Charge
114
6.1.6
Other Registers Associated with the Land Charges Register
117
6.17
Searches of the Land Charges Register—The Importance of the
Official Search Certificate
118
6.2
Overreachable Equitable Interests
120
6.2.1
The Essence of Overreaching
120
6.2.2
Overreaching Where There is a Strict Settlement
121
.
6.2.3
Overreaching Where There
¡s a
Trust for Sale
121
6.2.4
Overreaching Where There is a Trust of Land
122
6.2.5
Overreaching on a Sale by Personal Representatives
122
6.2.6
Overreaching on a Sale by a Mortgagee of Mortgaged Land
122
6.3
Equitable Interests Still Subject to the Doctrine of Notice
123
Part
3
Registered Land
127
Chapter? Registration of Title—The Basic Principles
129
7.1
Registration of Title
130
7.1.1
Mirror Principle
131
7.1.2
Curtain Principle
131
7.1.3
Insurance Principle
131
7.2
The Form of the Register
132
7.2.1
The Property Part
135
7.2.2
The Proprietorship Part
135
7.2.3
The Charges Part
135
7.3
Categories of Rights in Registered Land
135
7.3.1
The Terminology Used by the Land Registration Act
2002
136
7.4
First Registration of Title
137
7.4.1
Compulsory First Registration
137
7.4.2
Voluntary Registration
139
7.5
Register of Estates Not Register of Plots
139
7.6
Procedure Where a Sale or Lease Gives Rise to First Registration
140
7.6.1
Applications for Rrst Registration
141
7.6.2
Which Third Party Interests Bind a Rrst Registered Proprietor?
142
7.7
Grades of Title
142
7.7.1
Freeholds
142
7.7.2
Leaseholds
144
7.8
Land Certificates
145
7.9
Conclusiveness of the Register
146
7.10
Dispositions of Registered Titles
146
7.10.1
Powers of Disposition
146
7.10.2
Registratile
Dispositions
146
7.11
Procedure on Transfer of a Registered Trtle
148
Chapter
8
Minor Interests and Overriding Interests I5i
8.1
Minor Interests
8.2
Protection of Minor Interests
8.2.1
Notice
8.2.2
Restrictions
8.3
Priorities of Interests in Registered Land
8.3.1
Fraud and Bad Faith
8.4
Searches of the Register
8.5
Overriding Interests
8.5.1
Local Land Charges
8.5.2
Easements and Profits
152
153
153
154
155
156
160
160
161
161
8.5.3
Short
Term Leases
164
8.5.4
Property Rights of a Person in Actual Occupation
165
8.5.5
Does the Doctrine of Notice Apply to Registered Land?
179
Part
4
Acquisition of Interests in Land (I)
18?
Chapters Trusts of Land
189
9.1
The Three Types of Trust Under the Old Law
190
9.1.1
The Bare Trust
190
9.1.2
The Strict Settlement
191
9.1.3
The Trust for Sale
191
9.2
Criticism of the Old Law Governing Bare Trusts of Land
191
9.3
Criticisms of Strict Settlements and the Settled Land Act
1925 192
9.3.1
An Anomalous Form of Trust
192
9.3.2
Limited Powers of Disposition of Life Tenants
192
9.3.3
Complex Documentation
192
9.3.4
Accidental Strict Settlements
193
9.4
Criticisms of the Trust for Sale
196
9.4.1
The Artificial Nature of the Duty to Sell
196
9.4.2
The Archaic Doctrine of Conversion
196
о
9.4.3
Doubts as to Whether Beneficiaries Have a Right to Occupy the Land
19?
ft
9.4.4
Limited Powers of Trustees for Sale
19? 3·
9.4.5
The Anomalous Concept of a Trust for Sale Subject to Consents
198
9.4.6
Old Law —Everybody Used Trusts for Sale
199
9.5
The Definition of a Trust of Land
199
χν^
9.5.1
Existing Trusts for Sale
200
9.5.2
Trusts for Sale Arising after
1996 201
9.5.3
Deliberately Created Trusts of Land after the Commencement of
the
1996
Act
201
9.5.4
Bare Trusts after
1996 202
9.5.5
Constructive Trusts Affecting Land
202
9.5.Є
Treatment of Transactions Which Would Have Been Strict Settlements
202
9.6
The Need for Two Trustees for a Trust of Land
205
9.?
Appointment, Retirement, and Removal of Trustees
205
9.7.1
The Original Trustees
205
9.7.2
Appointing Fresh Trustees to an Existing Trust
206
9.7.3
When May New Appointments Be Made?
206
9.7.4
Removal of Trustees
20?
9.7.5
Retirement of Trustees
208
9.7.6
Situations Where a Trustee is Also a Beneficiary
208
9.8
Method of Appointment of Trustees
209
9.9
Unanimity of Trustees
210
9.9.1
Exceptions to the Unanimity Rule
210
9.10
The Powers of Disposition of Trustees of Land
210
9.11
The Trustees Duties on Exercising their Powers
211
9.11.1
Specific Duties of Trustees of Land
212
9.11.2
Placing Trustees of Land Under a Duty to Consult the Beneficiaries
213
с
9.11.3 Personal
Occupation
of
Trust
Land by Beneficiaries
214
9.11.4
Investment (or Other Use) of Capital Money by Trustees of Land
216
9.12
Exclusion and Restriction on Trustees of Land Powers of Disposition
21?
9.12.1
Depriving the Trustees of Powers of Disposition
218
9.12.2
The Problem Posed by Restricting the Powers of the Trustees
218
9.12.3
Dispositions Infringings8(l) TOLATA
1996 218
9.12.4
Are There Ways of Escaping from a Clause Removing the Powers of
the Trustees?
219
9.12.5
Consent Clauses
221
9.13
Delegation of Trustees Powers to Beneficiaries
222
9.13.1
The Old Law Background
222
9.13.2
Delegation by Trustees under s9 TOLATA
1996 223
9.13.3
The Revocation of a Section
9
Power of Attorney
224
9.13.4
Liability ifaDelegatee Beneficiary
Provesto
be Incompetent
225
9.13.5
Total Delegation Almost like Settled Land
22?
Chapter
10
Co-ownership of Land—The Basic Principles
232
10.1
The Two Forms of Co-Ownership Existing Today
233
10.2
Joint Tenancy 233
10.2.1
Right of Survivorship
[lus Accrescendi)
234
10.2.2
The Four Unities
235
c
10.3
Tenancy in Common
236
Q
10.3.1
The Concept of Undivided Shares
236
10.3.2
Unequal Tenancies in Common
23?
10.3.3
The Problems with Tenancies in Common in the Early Twentieth Century
237
10.4
The Reform of Co-Ownership in
1925—
The Main Objective
239
10.4.1
Drastic Treatment for Tenancies in Common
239
10.4.2
Why Impose Trusts on Tenants in Common?
240
10.4.3
WhatlfThereAreMoreThanFourTenantsinCommontoStartWith?
241
10.5
Joint Tenancies in the Early Twentieth Century
242
10.5.1
Imposition of Trusts (for Sale) on Beneficial Joint Tenants
242
10.5.2
Why Impose a Trust (for Sale) on Joint Tenants?
243
10.6
The Current Conveyancing Practice to Create an Express Trust
244
10.6.1
Declaration of Trusts Now Strongly Encouraged by Land Registry Rules
246
10.7
No Express Declaration of a Trust—Joint Tenants or
Tenants in Common?
248
10.8
Resulting and Constructive Trusts: Introduction
254
10.8.1
ResultingTrusts
254
10.8.2
Constructive Trusts
256
10.9
Severance of Joint Tenancies—Introduction 260
10.10
Severance of a Legal Joint Tenancy is Impossible
260
10.11
Methods of Severance
261
10.11.1
Severance by Written Notice
262
10.11.2
An Act of Any One of the Persons Interested Operating Upon
His Own Share
267
10.11.3
Mutual Agreement
269
10.11.4
Course of Dealings
272
10.11.5
Matters Which Are Not a Severance
272
10.11.6
Severance by Will
273
Chapter
11
Co-ownership—The Resolution of Disputes 2?6
11.1
The Effect of Imposing a Trust Upon Co-Owners
2??
11.2
Tenancy in Common Arising Because There is an Implied Trust
2??
11.2.1
Dispositions by a Single Trustee 2?8
11.2.2
What if Alex did Appoint a Second Trustee?
280
11.2.3
Other Trusts of Land Where There is Only a Single Trustee
283
11.2.4
Summary
284
11.3
Sections
13
to
15
TOLATA
1996—
Disputes Between Owners
285
11.3.1
The Basic Pattern of ssl3 to
15
TOLATA
1996 285
11.3.2
Disputes Regarding Occupation of Trust Land—sl3
285
11.3.3
Courts Settling Disputes Regarding Trusts of Land—
s
14 28?
11.3.4
Factors to be Considered in Settling Disputes—sl5
289
11.3.5
Settling Disputes as to Whether the Trust Property Should be Sold
289
11.4
The Modern Position of Husband and Wife Co-owners on a Marriage Break-up
298
11.5
Rights of Co-Owners in Equity—Are They Interests in Land?
301
11.6
Law of Property (Joint Tenants) Act
1964 301
117
Co-ownership of Registered Land
302
Part
5
Acquisition of Interests in Land (II)
зор
Chapter
12
Licences and Proprietary Estoppel
309
о
ra
12.1
Licences
310
12.2
Bare Licences
311
xjx
12.3
Licences Coupled with an Interest
311
12.4
Contractual Licences
312
12.4.1
Revocation of a Licence by the Licensor
314
12.4.2
The Effect of Licences between the Licensee and a Third Party
316
12.5
Licences by Estoppel
321
12.6
Proprietary Estoppel
323
12.6.1
Gift
323
12.6.2
Common Expectation
324
12.6.3
Mistaken Belief
324
12.6.4
A Less Restrictive Approach Towards Common Expectation Cases
325
12.6.5
Modern Approach Towards Proprietary Estoppel
328
12.?
Satisfying the Equity
343
127.1
AWide Interpretation of Satisfying the Equity
345
12.8
Status of An Equity Before it Has Been Satisfied
349
Part6 Leases
355
Chapter
13
Leases—The Basic Requirements
35?
13.1
The Essential Requirements for a Lease
359
13.2
Duration of Leases
359
13.2.1
Fixed Term Leases
359
13.2.2
Periodic
Tenancies
362
13.2.3
Special
Problems Connected with the Duration of Leases
363
13.3
Some Concepts Related to the Law of Leases
366
13.3.1
Tenancy at Sufferance
366
13.3.2
Protected Tenancy
366
13.3.3
Statutory Tenancy
36?
13.3.4
Secure Tenancies
36?
13.3.5
Assured Tenancies
36?
13.3.6
Assured Shorthold Tenancies
367
13.4
The Distinction Between Leases and Licences
36?
13.4.1
Exclusive Possession as the Foundation of the Lease/Licence Distinction
368
13.4.2
The Meaning of Exclusive Possession 3?3
13.4.3
Retention of Keys by the Grantor 3?6
13.4.4
Possessory Licences after Street vMountford
377
13.4.5
Acts of Generosity, Charity, or Friendship Where there is No Intent to
Create Legal Relations
3??
13.4.6
Service Occupancies
378
13.4.7
Occupancy by Virtue of an Office
379
13.4.8
Occupancy Prior to the Completion of a Contract for Sale
379
13.4.9
Flat-sharingAgreements
379
13.4.10
Pretence Clauses Designed to Negate Exclusive Possession
383
£ 13.5
Formalities for Leases 385
Si
13.5.1
Legal Leases by Express Grant
385
О
13.5.2
Legal Leases by Operation of Law
386
13.5.3
Equitable Leases
38?
13.5.4
Equitable Lease and Legal Periodic Tenancy Existing Concurrently
38?
ж
■: ■;.-: ................................................................................................................
Chapter
14
Obligations in Leases 391
14.1
Implied Landlord s Covenants
392
14.1.1
Ouiet Enjoyment
392
14.1.2
Non-derogation from Grant
392
14.1.3
Liability to Repair—General 393
14.1.4
Implied Covenants—The Landlord and Tenant Act
1985 395
14.1.5
Sections
8
to
10
Landlord and Tenant Act
1985
395
14.1.Б
Sections
11
to
14
Landlord and Tenant Act
1985
^7
14.1.7
The Crucial Principle in O Brien
v
Robinson 40°
14.1.8
Landlord s Covenant to Repair Common Parts 402
14.1.9
What does Repair Mean? 403
14.1.10
The Repair/Reconstruction Distinction
^5
14.1.11
Uncomfortable Living Conditions 406
14.2
Remedies for Breach of the Landlord s Covenants to Repair 407
14.2.1
No Rent-strikes,But... 4°?
14.2.2
Specific Performance for Breach of a Repairing Obligation
^*09
14.2.3
Appointing a Receiver
4Ю
14.2.4
Appointing a Receiver-manager 4^
14.2.5
Local Authorities Taking Action against Private Landlords 411
14.2.6
Measure of Damages Against Landlords 411
14.3
Tenant s Covenants—Express and Implied 412
14.3.1
Rent—Form and Payment of Rent 413
14.3.2
Rent Reviews 413
14.4
Covenants Against Assigning, Sub-letting, and Parting with Possession
41?
14.4.1
Absolute Covenants
418
14.4.2
Qualified Covenants
418
14.4.3
Seeking the Landlord s Consent to a Proposed Transaction
424
14.4.4
Section
19 (
1A) Landlord and Tenant Act
192? 427
14.5
Remedies Against a Tenant in Breach of Repairing Obligations
428
14.5.1
Damages
428
14.5.2
Specific Performance—Enforcing the Tenant s Repairing Obligation
429
Chapter
15
The Running of Covenants in a Lease
433
15.1
Case Study—Kirby House
434
15.2
Pre-1996 Leases—Liability of Original Parties after Assignment
435
15.2.1
The Basic Principles of the Running of Covenants in Pre-1996 Leases
43Б
15.2.2
Which Covenants Touch and Concern the Land?
43?
15.2.3
Solution to Kirby House Case Study
438
15.2.4
Assignment of the Reversion to a Pre-1996 Lease
439
15.2.5
Assignment of a Pre-1996 Lease
439
15.2.6
Indemnities between Assignees of a Lease
440
15.2.?
Position of Covenants which Do Not Touch and Concern
441
15.2.8
Position of Options to Purchase the Reversion
441
15.2.9
Position of Options to Renew the Lease
441
Q
15.3
The Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act
1995 442 £
15.3.1
All Covenants in a Lease Now Touch and Concern the Land
443
S
15.3.2
Original Tenant s Liability Ceases on Assignment
444
15.3.3
Authorized Guarantee Agreements
445
15.3.4
Cessation of Original Landlord s Liability
44?
XX«
15.3.5
Notice to Tenant or Guarantor of Arrears
44?
15.4
Position of Equitable Leases
44?
15.4.1
Pre-1996 Equitable Leases
44?
15.4.2
Post-1995 Equitable Leases
448
15.5
Position of Sub-Tenants and Head Landlords
449
15.5.1
Forfeiture Clauses
449
15.5.2
Restrictive Covenants in the Head Lease
449
Chapter
16
Termination of Leases
453
1G.1 Ways in Which Leases May Terminate
454
16.1.1
Natural Expiry
454
16.1.2
Giving of Notice
454
16.1.3
Merger
454
16.1.4
Surrender
454
16.1.5
Frustration
455
16.1.6
Repudiatory Breach by the Landlord Accepted by the Tenant
456
16.1.?
Forfeiture
45?
16.2
Forfeiture of Leases
45?
16.2.1
The Need for a Forfeiture Clause
45?
16.2.2
Modes of Forfeiture
45?
16.2.3
Forfeiture of a Lease of a Dwelling House
459
16.3
Waiver of Forfeiture
460
16.4
Relief from Forfeiture
462
16.4.1
Relief from Forfeiture for Non-payment of Rent
4БЗ
16.4.2
Forfeiture for Breach of Covenant Other than Rent
464
16.4.3
The Four Stages Required by sl46 for Forfeiture by Court Proceedings
465
16.4.4
The sl46 Notice Must Be Drafted Correctly
465
16.4.5
Remediable or Irremediable Breaches?
46?
16.4.6
Relief to Sub-tenants 473
16.5
Leasehold Property (Repairs) Act
1938
4?6
Part? Informal Acquisition of Legal Estates
4βι
Chapter
17
Adverse Possession and the Limitation Acts
483
17.1
Rationale of Adverse Possession 484
17.1.1
Adverse Possession Human Rights Compliant
486
17.2
Possession Gives a Right to Sue Trespassers 48?
17.3
The Limitation Act
1980
48?
17.4
Commencement of Adverse Possession
488
17.4.1
Dispossession and Discontinuance 4°°
17.4.2
The Apparently Abandoned Plot Problem
489
17.5
Possession 492
17.5.1
Factual Possession 492
+5 17.5.2
Intention to Possess [Animus
Possidenti]
49^
Џ
17.6
Preventing the Acquisition of Title by Adverse Possession
497
Q
17.6.1
Time Starts Running Afresh by Acknowledgement of Title
49?
17.6.2
Acknowledgement of Title Made by Person in whose Favour Time has
Already Run is of No Effect 498
löd! --.-
177
The Effect of Adverse Possession 4
17.7.1
Unregistered Land 4
17.7.2
Registered Land 503
Part
8
Protection for the Purchaser of Registered Land
ѕи
Chapter
18
Rectification of the Register of Title 521
18.1
Rectification of the Register (Other Than Adverse Possession) 522
18.2
The Situations Where Rectification of the Register May Be Appropriate 524
18.2.1
Double Conveyancing1 52S
18.2.2
Other (Possibly Negligent) Mistakes 526
18.2.3
Registration Obtained through Fraud and/or Forgery 526
18.2.4
Rectif ¡cation Against a Registered Proprietor in Possession 52?
18.3
Indemnity
533
18.3.1
Indemnity for a Registered Proprietor Where Rectification is Granted 533
18.3.2
Indemnity for a Person Who is Refused Rectification 534
Part
9
Easements
ѕз?
Chapter
19
The Essential Characteristics of Easements 539
19.1
Preliminary Considerations S40
19-2
Characteristics of an Easement: Re Ellenborough Park 541
19.3
There Must be a Dominant and a Servient Tenement
542
19.4
The Easement Must Accommodate the Dominant Tenement
544
19.5
The Easement Must Be Owned or Occupied by Different People
54?
19.6
Case Study—Apple Tree Farm
548
197
An Easement Must Be Capable of Forming the Subject Matter of a Grant
548
197.1
There Must Be a Capable Grantor and Capable Grantee
549
19.72
An Easement must be Capable of Reasonably Exact Definition
549
197.3
The Easement ought to be Within the General Categories of
Established Easements
550
197.4
An Easement Must Not Involve Any Expenditure by the Servient Owner
553
197.5
An Easement Must Not be so Extensive as to Deprive the Servient
Owner of Possession
554
19.8
Access to Neighbouring Land Act
1992 560
Chapter
20
Creation of Express and Implied Grant of Easements
563
20.1
Creation of Easements (and Profits)—Legal or Equitable?
564
20.2
Express Grant of Easements (and Profits)
564
20.3
Express Reservation of Easements (and Profits)
565
20.4
Implied Grant of Easements (and Profits)
567
20.4.1
Ways of Necessity
568
o
20.4.2
Intended Easements
569 §
20.4.3
The Rule in IVheeWonv Burrows
571 §
2D.4.4 Section
62
Law of Property Act
1925 575
^
20.5
Implied Reservation of Easements
579
20.5.1
Necessity
579
јдјјјј
20.5.2
Intended Easements
580
20.6
Exclusion of the Rules Providing for Implied Grant and Reservation
580
20.7
Compulsory Purchase and the Rules for Implied Grant
581
20.8
Simultaneous Sales or Bequests
581
20.9
Express or Implied Easements?—Legal or Equitable?—Overriding or Minor?
581
20.9.1
Unregistered Servient Land
581
20.9.2
Registered Servient Land
581
Chapter
21
Prescription for Easements (and Profits)
586
21.1
Rules Common to All Three Forms of Prescription
588
21.1.1
User, to be Prescriptive, must be As of Right
588
21.1.2
User Which is a Criminal Offence
590
21.1.3
Presumed Acquiescence
591
21.1.4
User must be Continuous
593
21.1.5
User must be by or on behalf of a Fee Simple against a Fee Simple
593
21.1.6
User must be against a Servient Owner Capable of Granting an Easement
595
21.2
Prescription at Common Law
595
21.3
Prescription by Lost Modern Grant
59Б
21.4
Prescription Urjder the Prescription Act
1832 599
21.4.1
Shorter and Longer Periods under the Act
600
21.4.2
The Next Before Action and Without Interruption Rules
600
21.4.3
Differences between Longer and Shorter Periods under the
Prescription Act
1832 603
21.4.4
Prescription for Easements of Light
605
21.5
Prescriptive
Easements and Profits as Legal Interests
60?
21.6
Extinguishment of Easements
608
21.6.1
Express Release
608
21.6.2
Implied Release
608
21.6.3
Extinguishment by Operation of
Sch
3
para
3
of the
Land Registration Act
2002 610
Part
10
Freehold Covenants: Restrictive and
Positive Covenants
біб
Chapter
22
Freehold Covenants
61?
22.1
Case Study—Marchland Close
618
22.2
Restrictive and Positive Covenants Distinguished
619
22.3
Does the Burden or Benefit Run with the Land?
619
22.4
Common Law: Does the Burden of a Covenant Run with the Land?
620
22.5
Equity: Does the Burden of a Restrictive Covenant Run with the Land?
622
22.5.1
The Covenant must be Negative in Substance
624
22.5.2
The Covenant must, at the Date of the Covenant, be made to Benefit the
Dominant Land Retained by the Covenantee
624
с
22.5.3
The Covenant must Touch and Concern the Dominant Land
625
g
22.5.4
The Covenant must be Made with an Intent to Burden the Servient Land
625
3 22.6
Does a Covenant Bind the Original Parties?
627
22.6.1
The Benefit of
Restrittive
Covenants—Identifying the
Original Covenantees
62?
XXIV
22.6.2
Relaxing the Rules on Privity of Contract
629
22.?
Does the Benefit of a Covenant Run with Land?
630
22.8
Common Law: Doesthe Benefit ofa Covenant Run with Land?
631
22.8.1
Covenant must Touch and Concern the Land
631
22.8.2
At the Date of the Covenant, the Original Covenantee Held a
Legal Estate in Land
632
22.8.3
The Successor in Title must Derive their Title from or under the
Original Covenantee
632
22.8.4
At the Date of the Covenant, the Benefit must have been Intended to
Run with the Land
632
22.9
Equity: Does the Benefit of a Covenant Run with the Land?
633
22.9.1
Annexation
634
22.9.2
Assignment of the Benefit of Restrictive Covenants
645
22.9.3
Building Schemes or Schemes of Development
647
22.10
Positive Covenants are Never Enforceable. True or False?
652
22.10.1
Possible Ways of Making Positive Covenants Run 653
22.11
Restrictive Covenants as Equitable Interests
654
22.12
Remedies to Enforce a Breach of a Covenant 655
22.13
The Chaotic State of the Law on the Running of Benefits of Covenants
658
22.13.1
Land Obligations1
659
22.13.2 2008
Provisional Proposals
659
Chapter
23
Escaping from Restrictive Covenants
664
23.1
Carry on Regardless
665
23.2
Doing
a Parkside
Homes
666
23.3
Attempt to Buy Out the Dominant Owners
666
23.4
Is the Freehold Subject to a Restrictive Covenant? What is the Scope of
the Restrictive Covenant? Who Can Enforce It?
666
23.5
Modification or Discharge of a Covenant under s84(l]
668
23.5.1
The Grounds for Discharge or Modification of Restrictive Covenants
668
23.6
Balancing Interests of the Parties— Thin End of the Wedge
673
23.6.1
Case Study—The Firs 6?3
23.6.2
Compensation for Dominant Owners 6?4
Part
11
Mortgages 6?9
Chapter
24
The Creation of Mortgages
681
24.1
What is a Mortgage?
682
24.2
Form of a Legal Mortgage of a Fee Simple before
1926 683
24.2.1
Equitable Right to Redeem
684
24.2.2
The Equity of Redemption
684
24.2.3
Mortgagor Retaining Possession
685
24.3
Legal Mortgages after
1925—
Unregistered Land
685
n
24.3.1
Mortgage by Long Lease ( Mortgage by Demise )
686 §
24.3.2
Charge by Way of Legal Mortgage
686
ъ
24.4
Legal Mortgages of Registered Land
688 &;
24.5
Types of Mortgages
689
24.6
Mortgages of Leases
692
χχν
24.6.1
Pre
1926 692
24.6.2
Post
1925 692
247
Equitable Mortgages of Legal Estates
693
247.1
Equitable Mortgage by Deposit of Deeds—Unregistered Land
693
247.2
Equitable Mortgage of a Registered Title by Deposit of the Land Certificate
695
247.3
Comparison of Legal and Equitable Mortgages
pre
1989 698
247.4
Comparison of Legal and Equitable Mortgages after
1989 698
247.5
Mortgages of Equitable Interests
698
247.6
Protecting an Equitable Mortgage
699
Chapter
25
The Remedies of Mortgagees
702
25.1
Remedies of Legal Mortgagees—An Overview
703
25.2
Action on a Mortgagor s Covenant to Repay
704
25.3
Mortgagees Taking Possession
704
25.3.1
Court Proceedings for Possession Brought by a Mortgagee
705
25.3.2
Mortgagee Taking Possession of a Dwelling House
706
25.3.3
Duty of Mortgagee in Possession to Account Strictly
719
25.4
The Mortgagee s Statutory Power of Sale
720
25.4.1
When Does the Statutory Power Arise?
720
25.4.2
When Does the Statutory Power become Exercisable?
721
25.4.3
Protection for Purchasers in Good Faith from Mortgagees
722
25.4.4
Mortgagee s Duties on Selling the Property
723
25.4.5
Can a Mortgagee Sell to his Friends ?
729
25.4.6
Position of Purchasers and the Question of Price
729
25.47
The Effect
of Sale
^29
25.4.8
Destination of Proceeds of Sale
730
25.5
Power to Appoint a Receiver 731
25.5.1
Receiver Deemed to be the Mortgagor s Agent
732
25.6
Foreclosure 733
25.6.1
The Foreclosure Process 733
25.6.2
Judicial Sale in Foreclosure Proceedings ?34
25.6.3
Foreclosure and Dwelling Houses 734
25.7
Remedies of an Equitable Mortgagee or
Chargée
735
257.1
Taking Possession
257.2
Sale and Appointing a Receiver 73S
257.3
Foreclosure 73S
Chapter
26
The Operation of Mortgages
739
26.1
Rights of the Mortgagor
26.1.1
The Rules of Equity Protecting the Equitable Right to Redeem
740
26.1.2
No Irredeemable Mortgages
26.1.3
Postponement of Redemption
26.1.4
Collateral Advantages 745
26.1.5
Restraint on Trade
iß 26.1.6
Statutory Regulation of Mortgages
$i
26.2
Leasing of the Mortgaged Property
о
26.2.1
Leases Prior to the Mortgage
26.2.2
Leases Subsequent to the Mortgage
26.2.3
Unauthorized Leases 753
.106*1 26.3
Vitiating Factor—Undue Influence 754
26.3.1
What is Undue Influence According to O Brien?
26.3.2
Undue Influence—Reconsidered 758
7ΡΔ
26.4
Redemption of Mortgages
26.4.1
When May Redemption Take Place? 764
26.4.2
Who May Redeem? 764
26.4.3
The Effect of Redemption 764
26.4.4
Machinery of Redemption—Unregistered Land
26.4.5
Machinery of Redemption—Registered Land
26.4.6
Consolidation of Mortgages
26.5
Fire Insurance of the Mortgaged Property 76G
Chapter
27
Priority of Mortgages m
27.1
Priority of Mortgages Where an Unregistered Legal Estate is Mortgaged ??z
27.1.1
Positron of a Legal Mortgagee whose Mortgage is Not Registrable
27.1.2
Position of an Equitable Mortgagee whose Mortgage is Not Registrable 7
27.1.3
Mortgages Registrable as Land Charges
??3
27.1.4
Section
97
Law of Property Act 192S
??4
27.2
Tacking of Further Advances 776
27.2.1
The Economic Significance of Tacking of Further Advances 7
27.2.2
When Can a Further Advance be Tacked? ^
27.2.3
Mortgage Containing an Obligation to Make Further Advances 77
27.3
CaseStudy—Blackthorne House 778
27.4
Prjorhy of Mortgages in Registered
Und
7?8
2?. 5
Priorities of Mortgages by Registered Charge
778
27.5.1
Tacking prior to the LRA
2002 779
27.5.2
The pre-1989 Equitable Mortgage by Deposit of the Land Certificate
780
27.5.3
Post-1989 Equitable Mortgages of a Registered Title
780
27.5.4
Equitable Mortgages after the Commencement of the Land Registration Act
2002 782
Index
785
о
CD
xxvii
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Sexton, Roger Bogusz, Barbara |
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| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 2. ed. |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:05:54Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199596812 |
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| spelling | Sexton, Roger Verfasser aut Complete land law text, cases, and materials Roger Sexton, Barbara Bogusz Land law 2. ed. Oxford Oxford Univ. Press 2011 XIV, 799 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Rev ed. of: Complete land law. 2009. Recht Real property England Cases Land tenure Law and legislation England Cases Real property Wales Cases Land tenure Law and legislation Wales Cases LAW / General bisacsh LAW / Land Use bisacsh Bogusz, Barbara Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024395752&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sexton, Roger Bogusz, Barbara Complete land law text, cases, and materials Recht Real property England Cases Land tenure Law and legislation England Cases Real property Wales Cases Land tenure Law and legislation Wales Cases LAW / General bisacsh LAW / Land Use bisacsh |
| title | Complete land law text, cases, and materials |
| title_alt | Land law |
| title_auth | Complete land law text, cases, and materials |
| title_exact_search | Complete land law text, cases, and materials |
| title_full | Complete land law text, cases, and materials Roger Sexton, Barbara Bogusz |
| title_fullStr | Complete land law text, cases, and materials Roger Sexton, Barbara Bogusz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complete land law text, cases, and materials Roger Sexton, Barbara Bogusz |
| title_short | Complete land law |
| title_sort | complete land law text cases and materials |
| title_sub | text, cases, and materials |
| topic | Recht Real property England Cases Land tenure Law and legislation England Cases Real property Wales Cases Land tenure Law and legislation Wales Cases LAW / General bisacsh LAW / Land Use bisacsh |
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