Cantonese: a comprehensive grammar
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
2011
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Series: | Routledge comprehensive grammars
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 510 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780415471305 9780415471312 9780203835012 |
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Cantonese
A Comprehensive Grammar
2nd edition
Stephen Matthews and
Virginia Yip
p Routledge
jjj^^ Taylor amp; FrancisGroup
LONDON AND NEW YORK
Contents
Acknowledgements to the second edition xvii
Acknowledgements to the first edition xx
List of tables xxii
List of abbreviations xxiii
Introduction I
The language and its speakers 2
The descriptive approach 3
The fallacy of correct pronunciation 4
Cantonese and Mandarin 6
Spoken and written Cantonese 7
Cantonese characters 9
Romanization 10
Examples 13
Revisions to the second edition 14
Linguistic literature on Cantonese 15
Dictionaries 16
Learning Cantonese 1 6
I Phonology: the Cantonese sound system 18
1 1 Consonants 18
111 Initial consonants 18
112 Unreleased consonants 20
113 Nasal and liquid consonants 21
114 Syllabic nasals 22
VII
Contents Vowels
Syllable
Tone
Vowel quality
Vowel length
Diphthongs
: structure
Initials and finals
The basic tones
Tone change
Tone and intonation
Variation and change in pronunciation
Consonants
Tones
1 3 str t r 25
2 Word structure: morphology and word formation 38
2 1 Reduplication 38
211 Reduplication of nouns and classifiers 39
212 Reduplication of verbs and adjectives 39
213 Onomatopoeic and sound-symbolic reduplication 41
2 2 Prefixes and suffixes 43
221 Prefixes 43
222 Suffixes 45
223 Infixes 52
2 3 Compounding 54
231 Compound nouns 55
232 Compound adjectives 57
233 Verb-object compounds 58
234 Subject-verb compounds 62
3 Syntactic categories: parts of speech in
Cantonese 63
3 1 Comparability of syntactic categories
viii 3 1 8
Verbs versus adjectives
Verbs and auxiliaries
Coverbs/prepositions
Localizers/postpositions
Classifiers
Adverbs
Verbal and sentence particles
Conjunctions
4 Sentence structure: word order and contents
topicalization 77
4 1 Basic word order: subject, verb and object 78
411 [Subject + object + verb] order 79
412 [Verb + subject] order 80
413 Right-dislocation 82
4 2 Topicalization and topic prominence 83
421 Topicalization of the object 84
422 Hanging topics and double subjects 86
423 Secondary topicalization 87
424 Verb fronting 88
425 Definite subjects and existential sentences 89
426 Topic chains 90
5 Pronouns 92
5 1 Personal pronouns 92
511 Animate, inanimate and expletive keuih 95
512 Omitted pronouns 97
5 2 Reflexive pronouns 98
521 jihgei 98
522 [PronoTIn + jihgei] 100
523 Syntax of reflexive pronouns 101
5 3 Reciprocals: each other 102
6 The noun phrase 104
6 1 Definiteness and demonstratives 105
611 [Classifier + noun] phrases 105
612 Demonstratives 107
613 Demonstratives in apposition 108
6 2 Noun classifiers 109
621 Syntax and usage of classifiers 110
622 Measure (quantity) classifiers 114
623 Sortal (type) classifiers 120
624 Alternative classifiers 124
625 Verbal classifier phrases 125
6 3 Possessive constructions 127
631 Possessive constructions with ge 127
632 Possessive constructions with classifier 128
633 Associative constructions 129
t
contents 7 Prepositions and expressions of location 130
Location
711 Spatial location: coverbs and localizers
712 Distance and movement
713 Direction
714 Placement
Non-spatial relationships
721 Coverbs
722 Non-spatial localizers/postpositions
verb phrase
Types of verb
811 The verb haih be
812 Stative verbs
813 Verbs of perception
814 Verbs of cognition
Objects of the verb and transitivity
821 Direct and directional objects
822 Double object verbs and indirect objects
823 Quantified objects
824 Verb-object compounds
825 Adverbial objects
Serial verbs
831 Directional verbs and verbs of motion
832 Serial constructions expressing actions
833 The jeung construction
Passives
841 Indirect passives
842 Resultative passives
Causative and resultative constructions
851 Causative constructions
852 Resultative compounds
853 Resultative and extent complements
854 Inverted resultative constructions
Adjectival constructions: description
and comparison 178
9 1 Syntax of adjectives 179
911 Predicative adjectives 179
912 Attributive adjectives 180
913 Modification of adjectives 181
II
3 2 Reduplication of adjectives
921 AA and AABB reduplication
922 [Adjective + adjective + dei]
923 ABB adjectives
9 3 Comparison of adjectives
931 Degrees of comparison
932 Equal comparisons
933 Negative and interrogative comparisons
934 Excessives
935 Superlatives
9 4 Complementation: complex structures with adjectives
941 Adjectives of ease and difficulty
942 Evaluative constructions
Adverbial constructions
10 1 Adverbs modifying the verb phrase
10 1 1 dak
10 1 2 gam
10 1 3 gam and gam jaih
10 1 4 Reduplicated adverbs
10 2 Comparison of adverbs
10 3 Sentence adverbs: modifying the sentence
10 3 1 Position of sentence adverbs
10 3 2 Adverbs of quantity
10 3 3 Adverbs of time
10 3 4 Adverbs of frequency
10 4 Adverbial phrases
10 4 1 Viewpoint adverbs
Aspect and verbal particles
11 1 Aspect and the expression of time
11 2 Aspect markers
11 2 1 Syntax of aspect markers
11 2 2 Progressive: gdn, hdidouh
11 2 3 Continuous: jyuh
11 2 4 Perfective: jo
11 2 5 Experiential: gwo
11 2 6 yduh and mouh as auxiliaries
11 2 7 Delimitative: hah
11 2 8 Inchoative and continuative: hei-seuhng-laih
and lohk-heui
11 2 9 Habitua l: hoi and gwaan
1 G C
Contents
i
xi
Contents 11 3 Verbal particles 243
11 3 1 Directional particles 245
11 3 2 Resultative particles 250
11 3 3 Quantifying particles 255
11 3 4 Adversative/habitual chdn 260
12 Modality: possibility and probability 263
12 1 Modal verbs 263
12 1 1 Possibility and permission 264
12 1 2 Ability 266
12 1 3 Necessity 267
12 1 4 Obligation 269
12 1 5 Volition: wishes and desires 270
12 1 6 Preference 273
12 2 Modal adverbs 274
12 2 1 Adverbs of possibility 274
12 2 2 Adverbs of necessity 275
12 3 Syntactic constructions expressing modality 277
12 3 1 [Verb + ddk): expressing potential 277
12 3 2 [yduh/mouh ddk + verb] 280
12 3 3 [Verb + rhh + verbal particle]: expressing
inability 281
13 Negation 283
13 1 Lexical negation: negative verbs and adjectives 284
13 2 Adjectival negation 286
13 3 Verbal negation 287
13 4 Indefinite negation: not any 294
13 5 Double negatives 297
13 6 Negative ^-constructions 298
14 Quantification and existential sentences 300
14 1 Universal quantification: all, every and each
14 1 1 Syntax of dou
14 1 2 Reduplicated quantifiers
14 1 3 so yduh (ge)
• , 14 1 4 muih each, every
14 1 5 Any
xii
(
14 2 Relative quantities: much/many, little/few 311 Contents
14 2 1 Comparing quantities: more and less 314
14 2 2 Most 316
14 3 Existential sentences 317
14 3 1 Indefinite some 318
14 3 2 Negative none, no one, nothing 321
15 Relative and noun-modifying clauses 326
15 1 Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses 327
15 2 Relative clauses with ge 328
15 3 Relative clauses with, classifier 328
15 4 Resumptive pronouns 330
15 5 Attributive clauses 332
15 6 Free relative clauses 333
16 Coordination and subordinate clauses 335
16 1 Coordination 335
16 1 1 Coordination of words and phrases 335
16 1 2 Lists 336
16 1 3 Coordination of clauses 338
16 1 4 Disjunction: either or 340
16 2 Subordinate clauses 341
16 2 1 Time clauses 342
16 2 2 Reason clauses 346
16 2 3 Purpose clauses 348
16 2 4 Concessive clauses: although 348
16 3 Conditional sentences 350
16 3 1 Explicit conditionals 351
16 3 2 Implicit conditionals 353
16 3 3 Negative conditionals: if not, unless 355
16 4 Cleft sentences and emphasis 356
16 5 Indirect speech 356
17 Questions 359
17 1 Yes/no questions 359
17 1 1 Particle questions 359
17 1 2 A-not-A questions 360
17 1 3 Copular questions: haih-mhaih 361
Contents
Perfective questions: meih
Existential questions: yduh-mduh
Tag questions
Intonation and echo questions
Responses to yes/no questions
Replies to negative questions
Alternative questions
W/7-questions
17 3 2
Indirect
Multiple
Who questions
What questions
Which questions
Where questions
When and time questions
Why questions: reason and purpose
How questions: manner and degree
How many/how much
Fronted w/^-questions
questions
; questions
Exclamatory questions
18 Sentence particles and interjections 389
18 1 Role of the sentence particle 389
18 1 1 Pronunciation: tone and intonation 390
18 2 Syntax of sentence-final particles 393
18 2 1 Topic particles 393
18 2 2 Clause-final particles 394
18 2 3 Particle combinations 394
18 3 Functions of the particles 397
18 3 1 Question particles 397
18 3 2 Assertive particles 401
18 3 3 Imperative and persuasive particles 403
18 3 4 Evidential particles 404
18 3 5 Exclamatory and affective particles 407
18 3 6 Adverbial particles 408
18 4 Interjections 410
18 4 1 Place-fillers 410
18 4 2 Exclamations 411
xiv
19 Imperative sentences: commands and ]Contents
requests 4 1 3
19 1 Second person imperatives 414
19 2 First person imperatives 415
19 3 Third person imperatives 416
19 4 Negative imperatives 4 1 8
19 5 Indirect commands 420
20 Cantonese speech conventions: politeness and
terms of address 422
20 1 Politeness conventions 423
20 1 1 Requests 423
20 1 2 Thanks 424
20 1 3 Apologies 426
20 1 4 Compliments 427
20 1 5 Introductions 428
20 2 Terms of address 429
20 3 Kinship terms 431
20 3 1 Parents and grandparents 432
20 3 2 Brothers, sisters and cousins 433
20 3 3 Relations by marriage 434
20 3 4 Children and grandchildren 436
20 3 5 Kinship dyads 437
20 4 Greetings 438
20 5 Telephone expressions 441
20 6 Trendy language 442
21 Numerals and times 444
21 1 Numerals 444
21 1 1 Decimals and figures 446
21 1 2 Abbreviations 447
21 1 3 Approximations 448
21 1 4 Cardinal numbers 449
21 1 5 Ordinal numbers 452
21 1 6 Fractions and percentages 453
21 1 7 Lucky and taboo numbers 455
21 2 Days and months 456
21 2a Dates 457
21 3 Times of day 458
xv
Contents Appendix: Romanization systems
Glossary of grammatical terms
Notes
References
Index (English and Yale romanization)
Index (Chinese characters)
XVI
|
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| author | Matthews, Stephen 1963- Yip, Virginia 1962- |
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| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen Literaturwissenschaft |
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| spelling | Matthews, Stephen 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)130534773 aut Cantonese a comprehensive grammar Stephen Matthews ; Virginia Yip 2. ed. London [u.a.] Routledge 2011 XXIII, 510 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge comprehensive grammars Includes bibliographical references and index Teils in latein., teils in chin. Schriftzeichen Grammatik Cantonese dialects Grammar Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Kantonesisch (DE-588)4197216-8 gnd rswk-swf Kantonesisch (DE-588)4197216-8 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 Yip, Virginia 1962- Verfasser (DE-588)143722344 aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024184784&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Matthews, Stephen 1963- Yip, Virginia 1962- Cantonese a comprehensive grammar Grammatik Cantonese dialects Grammar Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd Kantonesisch (DE-588)4197216-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4021806-5 (DE-588)4197216-8 |
| title | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar |
| title_auth | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar |
| title_exact_search | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar |
| title_full | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar Stephen Matthews ; Virginia Yip |
| title_fullStr | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar Stephen Matthews ; Virginia Yip |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cantonese a comprehensive grammar Stephen Matthews ; Virginia Yip |
| title_short | Cantonese |
| title_sort | cantonese a comprehensive grammar |
| title_sub | a comprehensive grammar |
| topic | Grammatik Cantonese dialects Grammar Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd Kantonesisch (DE-588)4197216-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Grammatik Cantonese dialects Grammar Kantonesisch |
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