Verfügbarkeit: Paupertate styloque connecti

Paupertate styloque connecti: utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Storchová, Lucie 1979- (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Czech
Veröffentlicht:	Praha Scriptorium 2011
Ausgabe:	Vyd. 1.
Schlagworte:	Geschichte 1500-1700 Latein Humanismus Schrifttum Böhmische Länder
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract
Beschreibung:	Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
Beschreibung:	538 S. Ill.
ISBN:	9788087271230

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Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1804145770025189376
adam_text	OBSAH Předmluva ........................... 12 Úvodní poznámka ....................... 15 1 ÚVOD ........................... 17 1.1 NAŠE PREMODERNÍ MODERNA .................. 19 1.1.1 Příběh první: zrod egalitarni literární veřejnosti .......... 20 1.1.2 Rozuzlení: transformace učeneckého egalitarismu a vznik kritické veřejnosti ........................ 25 1.1.3 Příběh drahý: oživení antické humanity a zrod moderního indivi¬ dualismu ........................ 27 1.2 FORMALIZOVANÝ DISKURSIVNÍ MODUS A HUMANISTICKÁ LATINSKÁ LITERATURA . 32 1.2.1 Citátovost, kombinatorní psaní a diskursivní komunita ...... 36 1.2.2 Jak si humanisté osvojovali formalizovaný diskursivní modus? .... 40 1.2.3 Intencionalita a reflexe formalizovaného modu ......... 44 1.2.4 Intertextovost a kvaziautomatický rozměr formalizovaného modu . . 48 1.3 Formalizovaný diskursivní modus a koncept „literárního pole ... 55 1.3.1 Koncept literárního pole .................. 56 1.3.2 Záměna za literární pole. Historický výzkum intelektuálních konstelací a sociálních sítí ...................... 57 1.3.3 Literární pole a výzkum renesančního humanismu ........ 60 1.4 Formalizovaný diskursivní modus, řečové reprezentace a „slabá performativita ....................... 70 2 LITERÁRNÍ POLE A UTVÁŘENÍ HUMANISTICKÝCH UČENEC- KÝCH KOMUNIT V ČESKÝCH ZEMÍCH ............ 75 2.1 „český humanismus , paradigmata komunikace a literárního pole . . 79 2.2 Formalizovaný diskursivní modus a jeho institucionální zakotvení . . 85 2.2.1 Melanchthonský ciceronianismus a specifika textualizace v latinském záaplském humanismu 16. a 17. století ............. 85 2.2.2 Etablování melanchthonského ciceronianismu v českých zemích ... 88 2.2.3 Techniky osvojování si formalizovane diskursivity I. Normativní příručky ......................... 93 2.2.4 Techniky osvojování si formalizovane diskursivity II. Studijní a učenecké praxe ..................... 97 2.3 Príležitostná poezie a humanistická literární pole v Českých zemích . 101 2.3.1 Komunikace a humanistická epistolografìe ........... 101 2.3.2 Literární pole a humanistická příležitostná poezie ......... 103 2.3.3 Literární pole a humanistická příležitostná poezie v českých zemích . . 106 2.4 Básnická skupina korespondentů Jana st. Hodéjovského z Hodë- jova. Etablování formalizovane diskursivity, mecenát a utváření učenecké komunity .....................110 2.4.1 Komunikace v okruhu Hodějovského korespondentů a formování melanchthonského diskursivního modu ............111 2.4.1.1 Farragines poematum. Hlavní projekt korespondentů Hodějovského . 113 2.4.1.2 Další kolektivní sborníky Hodějovského okruhu ........115 2.4.2 Reprezentace mecenátu a utváření učenecké komunity v literární produkci Hodějovského korespondentů ............120 2.4.2.1 Topika mecenátu ...................120 2.4.2.2 Žánry a motivika relevantní pro pohyb v literárním poli, repre¬ zentace mecenáše ...................121 2.4.2.3 Formy mecenátu ...................125 2.4.2.4 Reprezentace vztahu mecenáš - básník ...........126 2.4.2.5 Reprezentace a textové utváření humanistické učenecké komunity . 128 2.4.3 Inscenace Bohuslava Hasištejnského z Lobkovic, agonalni diskurs národa a sebeidentifikační praktiky Hodějovského okruhu .....140 2.4.3.1 Reprezentace Bohuslava Hasištejnského a koncept tzv. agonálního diskursu národa ....................142 2.4.3.2 Agonalni diskurs národa a utváření učenecké komunity .....151 2.4.3.3 Agonalni diskurs národa a strategie pohybu v literárním poli . . . 152 2.4.3.4 Reprezentace Hasištejnského v pozdějších literárních polích . . . 155 2.4.4 Hodějovského korespondenti a mecenát městských okruhů .....156 2.4.4.1 Rakovského Descriptio Lunae (1558). Prototyp sborníku oriento¬ vaného na vznikající městské okruhy a formování kánonu literár¬ ního pole pražské univerzity ...............157 2.4.5 Hodějovského korespondenti a reprezentace pražské akademie .... 162 2.4.6 Hodějovského korespondenti a orientace na dvorský mecenát .... 167 2.4.6.1 Nejblíže dvorské figuraci. Collinova korespondence s Casparem Nidbruckem .....................168 2.4.6.2 Formální básnické vazby к panovnickému dvoru. Kolektivní sborníky к „oficiálním příležitostem ............172 2.4.6.3 Strategie získávání dvorského mecenátu a „dvorská motivika . . .175 2.4.7 Cropaciova laureace a institucionalizovaný vztah к dvorskému mecenátu ........................178 2.5 Komunikace, reprezentace a utváření učenecké skupiny v literárním poli pražské univerzity ....................183 2.5.1 Institucionální zakotvení literární produkce ...........184 2.5.2 Kolektivní univerzitní sborníky (kolektivní autorské praxe, typologie sborníků, utváření učenecké komunity v univerzitních epicediích a apophoretech) .....................188 2.5.3 Univerzitní teze jako textový prostor pro utváření učenecké komunity . 198 2.5.3.1 Ostraciova teze o významu gramatiky - definice učenecké sku¬ piny, vyloučení nepřátel a strategie získávání mecenátu .....200 2.5.3.2 Galerinova teze o básnické inspiraci, Ambrosiová oslava učenecké svobody a Krapského skladba o vera nobilitas......... 205 2.5.4 Historické narativy v literárním poli pražské univerzity .......207 2.5.4.1 Fatální periody jako vztahový rámec univerzitních historických narativů a mecenátu ..................210 2.5.4.2 Historické narativy v Rokycanského deklamaci De studiorum progressi* .......................211 2.5.4.3 Historické narativy v Rosaciově Oratio panegirica....... 214 2.5.4.4 Pláč nad zemřelou matkou. Martiniova orace po zániku univer¬ zitního pole .....................219 2.5.4.5 Utváření učenecké komunity v Lupáčově Ephemeridě ......222 2.5.5 Městské literární okruhy a literární pole pražské univerzity .....231 2.5.5.1 Literární provoz v „městských okruzích , praxe vydávání kolek¬ tivních sborníků ....................232 2.5.5.2 Nekatoličtí faráři v literárním poli pražské univerzity ......236 2.5.5.3 Mecenáši v literárním poli pražské univerzity .........240 2.5.5.4 Utváření učenecké komunity v literárním provozu městských okruhů .......................243 2.5.5.4.1 Definice městské učenecké komunity v Crinitových Funda- tiones et origines urbium (1575) .............244 2.5.5.4.2 Reprezentace učenecké komunity v instalačních oráčích (Strejc, Strabo, Berounský) .................245 2.5.5.5 Sociální praxe v městských okruzích - sňatkové strategie učenec- kých klanů ......................253 2.5.6 Pozdní literární pole pražské univerzity a reorientace na dvorskou figu¬ raci a mecenát Fridricha Falckého ...............255 2.5.7 Fradeliův sborník Musa pulla (1618) a vymaňování se z literárních praxí univerzitního pole .....................258 2.5.8 Spis Matyáše ze Sudetu De origine Bohemorum (1615) a polemické strategie v literárním poli pražské univerzity ...........262 2.5.8.1 Heterodoxní výklad o zakarpatském původu Čechů ......262 2.5.8.2 Boj univerzity o historickou interpretaci. Techniky invektívy a diskuse o akademických titulech .............266 2.5.9 Spor o hegemonii v univerzitním literárním poli - skupina říšských luteránských humanistů a škola u sv. Salvátora ..........273 2.5.9.1 Humanistické komunikační struktury v ostatních německojazyč- ných oblastech ....................275 2.6 MlMOUNrVERZITNf HUMANISTICKÉ KOMUNIKAČNÍ STRUKTURY A LITERÁRNÍ POLE ORIENTOVANÉ NA MECENÁT RUDOLFÍNSKÉHO DVORA ........279 2.6.1 Univerzitní sborníky orientované na dvorskou figuraci .......280 2.6.2 Dedikační strategie autorů orientovaných na dvorskou figuraci . . . .281 2.6.3 Skupina spolupracovníků Pavla z Jizbice. Pohyb a sebeprezentace v literárním poli .....................284 2.6.3.1 Utváření učenecké prestiže prostřednictvím reprezentace zahra¬ ničních kontaktů ....................285 2.6.3.2 Strategie získání dvorského mecenátu a kontaktů .......288 2.6.3.3 Kritika univerzitních literárních postupů a autorit melanchthon- ského ciceronianismu ..................289 2.6.3.4 Invektívy (nejen) proti univerzitním mistrům .........294 2.6.4 Laureace jako symbolická praxe básníků orientovaných na dvorský mecenát ........................297 2.6.4.1 Etablování reprezentací laureace - sborník pro M. Baldhofena z roku 1600......................298 2.6.4.2 Propojení dvorského pole a mecenátu městských okruhů I - sborník pro Tomáše Smichaea ..............300 2.6.4.3 Propojení dvorského pole a mecenátu městských okruhů II - sborník pro Caspara Cunrada ..............303 2.6 A A Reprezentace laureaci v příležitostných básních dvorské skupiny . 304 2.7 Specifické formy „klášterního humanismu ? Literární pole humanistú- -katolických duchovních ...................308 2.8 Komunikační struktury a praxe po rozpadu literárního pole pražské univerzity .........................315 2.8.1 Přetrvávání univerzitních literárních praxí v českých zemích .....315 2.8.2 Exulantská literární pole a využití básnických kompetencí získaných v rámci literárního pole pražské univerzity ...........316 2.8.2.1 Literární praxe exulantských skupin v Horních Uhrách .....316 2.8.2.2 Literární praxe exulantských skupin v Sasku .........317 2.8.2.3 Literární praxe „putujících exulantů (Clemens, Partlicius, Sictor, Stolczius) ......................320 3 „SLABÁ PERFORMATIVITA : SUBJEKTIVITA, GENDER, TĚLO A UTVÁŘENÍ UČENECKE KOMUNITY ............323 3.1 Blandula puellula. Podagra, humanistické autorství a inteligibilita TĚLA ............................326 3.1.1 Podagra a subjektové pozice v příležitostné humanistické poezii . . . 328 3.1.2 Podagra, gender a utváření učenecké komunity v humanistických enkomiích ........................ 330 3.1.3 Materializace humanistického těla .............. 337 3.1.4 Podagra na průsečíku diskursů diference ............ 338 3.2 Ecce Novus sexus! Gender, humanistické autorství a subjektové POZICE V TZV. WESTONIANECH ..................343 3.2.1 Literární pole a vznik westonian ............... 345 3.2.2 Gender, subjektové pozice a diskurs intelektuální nekompetence . . . 347 3.2.3 Genderování a strategie exkluze v textech adresovaných Westonii . . 354 3.2.4 Genderová (sebe)marginalizace jako prostředek zapojení do učenecké komunikace? ....................... 367 3.3 Autobiografické psaní. Artikulace „já a modely učenecké hetero- logie ...........................370 3.3.1 Od autonomie k heterologii - konceptualizace autobiografického psaní v raném novověku ..................370 3.3.2 Modely heterologie a ířagmentarizované autobiografické psaní v literárním poli pražské univerzity ..............377 3.3.3 Modely heterologie v Proxenově cestovním deníku ........384 3.3.4 Modely heterologie v Borboniových denících .......... 389 3.3.5 Modely heterologie v humanistické příležitostné poezii ...... 395 4 ZÁVĚR ........................... 401 5 SEZNAM POUŽITÝCH PRAMENŮ A LITERATURY ....... 409 5.1 Prameny vydané (moderní edice) ................ 411 5.2 Prameny nevydané v moderních edicích (rukopisy, staré tisky) . . . .412 5.3 Seznam použité literatury .................. 430 5.4 Seznam použitých zkratek .................. 492 6 OBRAZOVÁ PŘÍLOHA .................... 493 Summary ........................... 515 Jmenný rejstřík ......................... 523 SUMMARY This monograph is an abbreviated and slightly reworked version of a PhD thesis defended at the Faculty of Humanities at Charles University of Prague in February 2009 under the title Paupertate stybque connecti. Formální diskursivnt modus, literární pole a textové utváření humanistické učeneché komunity v českých zemích („Paupertate styloque connecti: A Formalised Mode of Writing, Literary Fields and Performances of Hu¬ manist Scholarly Community in the Czech Lands ). First, the study s main axis represents a theoretical analysis of the potential of several concepts for research into the intellectual history of the early modern period; second, it is an application of this conceptual frameworks to the construction and rep¬ resentation of humanist community of scholars writing in Latin in the Czech Lands during the 16th and 17th centuries. The study attempts to respond to the following questions. What are the peculiarities of the humanistic Latin mode of writing in this period in the Czech Lands? How did communication between scholars take place within the so-called formalised discursive mode - writing in excerpts - as I have named this writing model? Is it possible on the basis of the surviving source materi¬ als to distinguish several humanist literary fields in Bohemia? How did they function and what made them distinct? How were patronage relationships modelled and rep¬ resented in humanist literary fields, heteronymous in their very principle? How in the process of humanist Latin communication was the scholarly community performed and how did individual scholars fashion themselves? In the following paragraphs, I shall summarise, in keeping with the structure of the book, the conditions under which these questions are posed as well as the conceptual framework and the results of my research. In the first part, analysing interpretations of Renaissance humanism in European and Anglo-American historiography to date, I refer to two narratives on the founda- tional role of humanist sociability in modernising processes of the West. The first is a teleological story on the humanist birth of a rational, egalitarian and tolerant schol¬ arly dialogue which is commonly associated with the formation of the modern demo¬ cratic public as well as an offshoot of the scholarly res publica literaria. Second, Renais¬ sance humanism is considered to be the first modern eruption of Roman humanitás which characterises Western European civilisation; this moral value was supposed to have influenced not only the scholarly republic with its normativity of cooperation, but also the rise of a humanist autonomous subjectivity, individuality and the con¬ comitant modern creative genius. The traditional concentration of historiography on the Ideengeschichte of humanism - that is, the interpretation of humanism as a scholarly current with innovative intellectual and philosophical contents (Jacob Burckhardt, August Buck, Eugenio Garin) - led, beginning in the 1980s, to a turn toward the social history of the humanists , not of humanism , in German-language historiography. As 515 Summary I have shown, they sometimes lapse into the opposite extreme, for they do not reflect the textual character of humanist social practices and their sources; the quotation of F. R. Ankersmit from the Introduction, that is that Text are all we have seems to be especially pregnant in the case of Renaissance humanism. This study sets itself apart critically from both of these interpretations. With refer¬ ence to the work of P. O. Kristeller, I have placed emphasis on the primary rhetori¬ cal and in particular the grammatical dimension of humanist textual production and thus rejected the thesis that Renaissance humanism was to be considered a school of thought or a philosophy of man (an aggregate of doctrines and knowledge rather than a method of textual production). I understand Renaissance humanism in this study not as a philosophical concept, but as a type of specific discursive activity (a mode of writing) which laid the basis for a humanist interpretational or linguistic commu¬ nity. Such a formalised discursive mode was a (largely unreflexive) form of consensus on textual production outside of which it was not possible for the given textual com¬ munity to write. In the case of Bohemian humanism, this type of humanist reading and writing centred on the combination of excerpts ( writing in excerpts ) - which did not change for several decades, until the literary circle of the University of Prague disintegrated - was based on a Ciceronianism mediated by Melanchthon s school sys¬ tem. In comparison with other countries in Europe, it was self-contained and relatively rigid. This type of humanist formalised writing consisted in subtexts, authorities and literary approaches adopted in the institutionalised process of education which was based on excerpting and imitation. In addition to this intentional level, intertextual processes also enter into the formalised mode of writing (on the basis of unconscious intemalisation or as a result of textualisation itself). I subsequently connected this interpretation of Renaissance humanism with the concepts of a literary field, speech representations and weak performativity - repre¬ sentations occurred in humanist textual production originating within the formalised mode and in literary fields; in this regard, the scholarly community is one of the reality effects of the writing at the time. Initially, I concentrated on Pierre Bourdieu s symbolic sociology and the concept of the literary field applied most fruitfully in re¬ cent years in the studies of German historian Albert Schirrmeister. He dealt first and foremost with the relations of humanists and the court sphere, hureatio (coronation by a laurel) as a characteristic practice within such relations and other social practices and representations pointing to the processes by which humanists gained autonomy from patrons. The literary text, its contents and its form depend, according to symbolic sociology, on the creator s position in the literary field, which represents an organised space of relations between actors with different measures of cultural capital (writers, critics, patrons, publishers), which tends towards the autonomisation of writers in the modern period. According to Bourdieu, movement strategies in the field are de¬ termined by objective social structures and distinctions. Modifications in the system of positions and relations within the field influence formal literary changes as well, such as in the system of genres; straggles in the literary field take place for definitional monopoly, such as the definition of the category of writer , or of stylistic orthodoxy. For the purposes of my study, I modified the notion of the field in symbolic sociology in that I do not link the adoption of the formalised mode or movement in the literary field with a particular type oí habitus, with the category of the illusio, or with objective 516 Summary social structures or distinctions. I do so only to the extent that I acknowledge the het- eronomy of the humanist literary field and concentrate on its textual representations and modelling. I thus do not see the reasons for concrete social dealings in positions within so¬ cial structures. I view the literary field as a specific spatial metaphor, as a space in which speech representations take place, things are made textually, reality effects arise and significances are ascribed. It is only then that all categories and phenomena are constructed and constantly reinterpreted at the same time, in particular humanist texts and in the course of humanist communications. The humanists habitus and the objective social structures it was ostensibly anchored in may for this type of analysis be reduced to the thesis that in the (indisputable) heteronymous literary field the humanists endeavoured to obtain support from patrons. I thus did not make use of the metaphor of the literary field as a space in which texts originate and a certain group appears in the role of scholars as a reference to objective structures moving the literary field (and thus as an answer to the question regarding why texts arise), but rather for an analysis of concrete performances (and thus as an answer to the ques¬ tion regarding how reality is constructed by various speech acts). I focused on how relations with patrons in humanist texts were played out in parallel with the imagina¬ tion of humanist authorship and the scholarly community and the ways it fashioned itself. In the literary field, in the course of communication and the textual production which takes place therein - and is in this case conditioned by a formalised discursive mode - subjective positions are also generated, subjectivity is constructed in relation to authorship and gender is performed. I tied these textual processes with the concept of weak performativity , which I interpreted by contrast with strong performativity not as the constitution of reality in particular social and communicative situations, but as speech acts in Latin humanist textual production. In the second part of the book, I analyse ways how humanist literary fields func¬ tioned in the Czech Lands, demarcating the area geographically not by availing myself of the concept of national humanism , but according to the mode of writing used and the institutions where it was cultivated. In the case of the Czech Lands, this mode was a relatively conservative Melanchthonian Ciceronianism which was established as a result of the literary activities of the humanists in the so-called Hodejovský s circle during the late 1540s and 1550s and was passed on to the literary field of the University of Prague until its dissolution following the demise of this central academic institution in 1621. The introductory chapters describe this mode of humanist writ¬ ing, which was specific to the Czech Lands; the role of casual poetry is discussed and a periodisation in connection with shifts in the discursive mode is proposed. The following chapters are structured in connection with it. I concentrated first on the circle of Czech vice-adjudicator Jan the Elder Hodějovský of Hodějov (Hod- deiovinus), on their strategies for obtaining patronage and on how their literary pro¬ duction represented and produced this scholarly community. Beginning in the 1550s, a Melanchthonian Ciceronianism established itself in this field s literary production as the basis for humanist writing; in addition, literary approaches and quotational corpuses were constituted. Moreover, Hodejovský s correspondents established gen¬ res of casual poetry that would become binding in the future - they put together the first collections of epithalamia, genethliacs and the first volumes for university 517 Summary celebrations, as well as the first collections celebrating the town and the social activi¬ ties of educated burghers. Numerous literary activities took place in this field, opening up a space for the textual construction of a scholarly community, for the modelling of relationships to patrons, and dynamising relationships with other fields (such as that of the imperial court, which is a particularity of Cropacius laureation), or for the self-fashioning of individual poets. In poetry, of course, it would also be possible to search for the biographic data or information on the realia of humanist communica¬ tion; however, my analysis focused on the representation of communicative practices in humanist texts instead, rather than on their facticity. Concretely, I analysed the representation of relations with patrons and the contradictions this entailed - the contradictory claims to autonomous writing, the representation of gifts, the ritualised entry into the communicative structure, the exclusion of enemies or definitional and sef-identificational discourses such as nobilitas, amiciţia and paupertas. The so-called agonal discourse of nation - that is the representation of the scholarly community as capable of intellectual competition (a concept derived from Caspar Hirschi) - may be considered a peculiarity of fashioning this scholarly community. Particularly valu¬ able for my analysis of the arguments and rhetorical figures of agonality were a series of paratexts to editions of the works of Bohuslav Hasištejnský-Hassisteinius from the 1560s which were published by Thomas Mi tis, in which Hassisteinius played the role of a paradigmatic figure showcasing the high level of poetry in the Czech Lands. In the next chapter I analysed texts which originated in the literary field of the University of Prague, distinguished by its total character which determined commu¬ nicative structures in a larger area than was usual in university fields of other European regions. Essential for the formation of the university field was, first and foremost, the closedness of its writing mode based on the Ciceronianism of Melanchthon and Sturm and oriented toward casual poetry, which established itself at the only functioning faculty at Charles University - that of arts - at a time when the poets in Hodejovský s circle (particularly Matthaeus Collinus) were under the influence of their studies at Saxon universities before the middle of the century. It retained its rigid form until the demise of the communicative structures at the university. I analysed not only literary production tied to the university itself as an institution (anthologies, university theses), but also the literary production of the entire field attached to the university, including literary circles in towns controlled by the university, the literary activities of Utraquist priests collaborating with the university, and so on. The literary field of the University of Prague functioned as a closed communica¬ tive structure comprising elaborate and institutionally anchored practices of collec¬ tive authorship and shared strategies for legitimation, representations of the scholarly community and the humanist forms of self-fashioning. Of these extremely typified argumentational and figurative approaches, the texts evince the repetition of the le¬ gitimation of poetry, gendering and the mothering of the university as a strategy for obtaining patronage (the patron would occupy a protective male role) or legitimising historical narratives. At issue are narratives on the history of Bohemian education with a focus on the role of the university in which a certain Orthodox historical inter¬ pretation was developed and turning points and narratives were shared (for the most part, a continuous, uninterrupted progression of education from the golden era of Charles IV s reign is assumed). In university-based historical narratives we also find the 518 Summary motif of divinely sanctioned scholarship and educational institutions; Christ is por¬ trayed as an analogue to the patron. Education and strategies for securing patronage are based on the thesis that the patron is participating in the historically substantiated divine aim of learning dissemination. At the end I concentrated on literary practices which attempted to extricated themselves from this constricting university-based lit¬ erary field. For example, Fradelius volume Musa pulla (1618) may be interpreted as an attempt to reappraise the dominant formalised writing mode; it did not bring the conflict in the literary field to an end, however. On the contrary, disputes followed re¬ garding interpretive hegemony over history and university titles (such as that between Johannes Matthias of Sudet and the university masters), or institutional hegemony and the right to pass on the Orthodox form of the writing mode (such as that between the German Lutheran school at the Church of the Holy Saviour-Salvator). In the production on the periphery of the University of Prague s literary field, in the so-called town circles controlled by the university, I analysed the transmission of numerous arguments and figures characteristic of the representation and legitimation of the university s humanist community (such as the transfer of university literary practices to the field of regional aristocratic patronage). Town circles - understood as regionally collaborating groups of former graduates, students, teachers at town schools or other literati engaged in the university field, some of whom found their way into municipal offices - represented a primary public, a source of financial sup¬ port, a source of social events for casual poems (weddings, deaths, etc.) and were, at the same time, a site where literarily active humanists with ties to the university who contributed to collective volumes worked. Such collaboration was based on the in¬ stitution of the university as the main initiator of regional literary production, which took place almost exclusively within the field of influence of a town schools system controlled by the university and was founded on scholarly contacts also tied to the university. In addition to textual representations, humanist communication within town circles also enabled me to analyse the social practices of humanist scholars, which are otherwise practically inaccessible in the sources - concretely, I concentrated on the marriage strategies between humanist clans which influenced literary collabora¬ tion and forms of collective authorship in collections of casual poetry as well. Finally, I focused on communication and scholarly representations in extra-uni¬ versity literary fields which were formed at a time when activities in the university field were at their most intensive and thus had to come to terms with it (for example, the circle of court poets, forms of catholic humanism or exile groups following the disintegration of university-based communication structures). The most interesting set of strategies outside the literary field of the University of Prague was developed by Pavel of Jizbice (Jizbický, Paulus Gisbicius) and his group of collaborators. Gisbicius not only wrote invectives against university humanists, but also critically reflected the conservative mode of writing passed down within the education at town schools and at the university, which was based on a mid-century Melanchthonian Ciceronianism. With respect to courtiers living in Prague, Jizbický tried to assert a different archaic style based on a different set of authorities and subtexts which he also tied to the capi¬ talisation of study abroad and his own foreign contacts. Moreover, in the production of poets oriented toward court patronage, I analysed the symbolic practices associated with laureations and the volumes of gratulations to them created in the short period 519 Summary following 1600 in connection with the title comes palatínus of Iacobus Chimarrhaeus and later of Bartholomaeus Bilovius. The third and final part of the book describes particular cases of production of the scholarly community which (as I have already indicated in connection with the concept of weak performativity ) cannot be tied solely to concrete social situations in the case of early modern texts. When analysing them, the formalised writing mode itself must be taken into account, particularly the shared corpus of quotations, the intertextual connections between texts bound up with different social occasions, gen¬ res, etc. Using concrete texts, I analysed how subjectivity was articulated or various types of subjective positions Occupied and how gender was performed and the body produced with respect to humanist authorship. These textual processes are also closely tied to the formation of the humanist community. Nonetheless, individual cases of performativity partly fall afield of shared scholarly representations in the literary field of the University of Prague; at issue here are exceptional textual situations in which, in connection with gender, subject positions or the imagination of humanist diseases, the scholarly community was constructed as a reality effect. As my first example, I analyse the gendering of gout (the humanist fashionable disease ) in the genre known as laudes podagrae. The representation of the disease and its relationship to humanist scholars are bound up with the textual construction of the body of the humanist author as well as that of the personified disease itself. Podagra was gendered both on the level of a dominant and aggressive femininity, and on that of a submissive femininity requiring protection; at the same time, texts portrayed an erotic relationship between humanist poets and podagra, which - within the frame¬ work of the early modern heterosexual imagination - coded humanist authorship as being primarily masculine. Podagra was associated with other discourses of difference as well, including social ones; the disease became a component of the self-identifica¬ tion of humanist scholars and was thus bestowed with a semiotic potential for exclu¬ sion and inclusion in the scholarly community. As my second example of performance connected with the construction of the scholarly community, I selected the performativity of gender in the so-called westo- niana corpus, on whose basis masculine humanist authorship was defined and con¬ structed; two reality effects were the production of the scholarly community and, at the same time, the exclusion of the other (an inferior femininity). In the texts written by Johanna Elisabetha Westonia, the only humanist female author active in the Czech Lands, we see the formation of gendered subject positions suitable for persisting within humanist communicative structures. These were tied to numerous self-marginalising rhetorical devices, such as the focalisation of the author s voice, the motif of being compelled to write, the acknowledgement of paternal authority and writing from the position of feminine intellectual incompetence. Those who cor¬ responded with and feted her ascribed to Westonia a specific multi-relational gender which, although it departed from shared notions of feminine inferiority, actually pet¬ rified the existing discourse of gender difference. The humanists also used a series of further isolating rhetorical strategies, such as placing an emphasis on the singularity and miraculousness of this woman poet, raising her to a deity and reducing her to wellsprings of inspiration. On the basis of these communicative games, an intelligible 520 Summary position was created which ensured Westonia great acclaim and moved her to the centre of contemporary European intellectual structures. The third chapter concentrates on the articulation of subject positions in human¬ ist autobiographical texts and their limits as determined by a formalised Latin writing mode. Within the sphere of humanist autobiographical writing - or ego-documents, as they are defined by present-day historiography - I distinguish several levels of the het- erological self, which is an important concept in recent German historiography and literary criticism (e.g. Eva Kormann). Both in texts written in fragmentary form (such as texts added in the margins of calendars) and in more extensive narratives, there is a prevailing orientation toward the exemplary scholarly axis of heterology associated with teachers, the humanists social contacts, patronage and literary works. Also in the case of autobiographical writing, we encounter stereotyped argumentational and figu¬ rative approaches, similar to those in University of Prague s literary field; the example of Caspar Dornavius autobiography based on widely differing subtexts shows how dramatically formalised writing predetermined how the self was articulated. In addition to answering the questions regarding how the humanist literary field functioned and how the scholarly community was constructed textually within it, the aim of this work was to point to the analytical and explanatory potential of the con¬ cepts of the literary field, speech representations and performativity. Humanist schol¬ arly communication is characterized by a rather specific formalised mode of articula¬ tion and discursivity outside of which it was not possible to write; this is why I have devoted particularly close attention to this phenomena. Still, the construction of the scholarly community seems to be the result of extremely stereotyped argumentational and figurative approaches shared among humanist poets. For a modern reader, they remain practically inaccessible without extensive commentary, even if they are inter¬ twined with interesting examples of weak performativity . Even in such a specific case of textual production, the ways I operationalised the concepts of the literary field and of textual representations give an idea of the potential for analyzing the making and functioning of scholarly communities in the modern period - whether one might be dealing with performativity in particular social situations that hardly can be attested for earlier periods, with the question of the limits of writing, with shared strategies of legitimation and historical narratives or with strategies for obtaining patronage. I hope such a research will discuss also the present monograph. 521
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author	Storchová, Lucie 1979-
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spelling	Storchová, Lucie 1979- Verfasser (DE-588)138188238 aut Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích Lucie Storchová Vyd. 1. Praha Scriptorium 2011 538 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1500-1700 gnd rswk-swf Latein (DE-588)4114364-4 gnd rswk-swf Humanismus (DE-588)4026140-2 gnd rswk-swf Schrifttum (DE-588)4255550-4 gnd rswk-swf Böhmische Länder (DE-588)4069573-6 gnd rswk-swf Böhmische Länder (DE-588)4069573-6 g Humanismus (DE-588)4026140-2 s Latein (DE-588)4114364-4 s Schrifttum (DE-588)4255550-4 s Geschichte 1500-1700 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022616332&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022616332&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract
spellingShingle	Storchová, Lucie 1979- Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích Latein (DE-588)4114364-4 gnd Humanismus (DE-588)4026140-2 gnd Schrifttum (DE-588)4255550-4 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4114364-4 (DE-588)4026140-2 (DE-588)4255550-4 (DE-588)4069573-6
title	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích
title_auth	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích
title_exact_search	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích
title_full	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích Lucie Storchová
title_fullStr	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích Lucie Storchová
title_full_unstemmed	Paupertate styloque connecti utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích Lucie Storchová
title_short	Paupertate styloque connecti
title_sort	paupertate styloque connecti utvareni humanisticke ucenecke komunity v ceskych zemich
title_sub	utváření humanistické učenecké komunity v českých zemích
topic	Latein (DE-588)4114364-4 gnd Humanismus (DE-588)4026140-2 gnd Schrifttum (DE-588)4255550-4 gnd
topic_facet	Latein Humanismus Schrifttum Böhmische Länder
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022616332&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022616332&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT storchovalucie paupertatestyloqueconnectiutvarenihumanistickeuceneckekomunityvceskychzemich

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