Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Bulgarian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Plovdiv
Fondacija Bălgarsko Istoričesko Naslestvo
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Fiscal system of medieval Bulgaria |
| Beschreibung: | 247 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789549198386 |
Internformat
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| 500 | |a In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Fiscal system of medieval Bulgaria | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 700-1500 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1806960780551127040 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Съдържание
Предговор
XI
Увод
1
I.
Произход и характеристика на фискалноправната лексика
7
II.
Държавни вземания и различни права
11
1.
Общи понятия
11
i.i.
дан
11
li.
БИРК
12
1.3-
ДОХО
ДЪК
13
1.4-
ЕМСТВО
14
1.5.
ПРИПЛАТА
15
2.
Данъци
16
1.1.
ДЕСЯТЪК
16
i.i.
волоберщина/зевгар
19
1.3.ДИМНИНА
22
i.A.
Арико
24
1.5-
комод
27
1.6.
ПЕРПЕР
30
1.7-
ОТРОЧИНА
32
1.8.
КУМЕРКИ
33
1-9.
ЦАРИНА
35
3.
Такси и различни права
37
З.І.ТРАВНИНА
37
3.1.
ГОРНИНА
39
3.
з
·
кошарщин а
44
VIII
ФИСКАЛНА СИСТЕМА
3·4·
СЛОНОВЩИНА
46
3.5-БРОДНИНА
48
З-б. ДИАВАТО
49
3-7-
СЪДБИНА
50
III.
Ангарии и задължителни доставки
53
1.
Общи понятия
53
І.І.АНГАРИЯ
53
1.1.
ПАРАНГАРИЯ
54
2.
Ангарии, свързани
с
осигуряването на храна и подслон
55
2.І.МИТАТ
55
Ζ.Ζ.
ПРИСЕЛИЦА
57
г.З-ЖИТАРСТВО
61
Ζ.4-
НАМЕТЪК
63
2.5-
ПАДАЛИЩЕ
65
Ζ.6.
ДРУГИ
66
3.
Транспортни ангарии
71
3-І.
ПОДВОДА
71
3.
ζ.
други
73
4.
Строителни ангарии
75
4-І.
ГРАДОЗИДАНИЕ
75
4.Ζ.
мостнинА
78
5.
Ангарии и задължения, свързани
с
царския лов и
изпълнението на военни, охранителни и полицейски
80
функции
IV.
Фискална администрация и съпътствуващи структури
87
1.
Централна фискална администрация
87
Ι.Ι.
ВЕСТИАРИЙ
87
Ϊ.Ζ.
ПРОТОВЕСТИАРИЙ
90
2.
Фискална инфраструктура
94
Ζ.Ι.
ДАНЪЧЕН КАДАСТЪР
94
Ζ.Ζ.
АПОДОХИЯ
96
СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ
IX
3.
Фискална администрация в провинцията
97
3-І.
ПРАКТОР
97
3.2.
ПИСЕЦ
98
3-3-
АПОДОХАТОР
99
3-4-
ПЕРПЕРАК
101
3-5-
ДЕСЕТКАР
102
3.6.
ПОБИРЧИЯ
106
3-7·
ГЕРАКАР И КРАГУЯР
106
3-8.ПСАР
109
3-9-
МИТАТ
111
3-Ю.
ЖИТАР
111
3-І
I.
ВИНАР
113
3-іг. СЕНАР
114
3.13.
ПОВАР
115
3-І4-
АПОКРИСИАРИЙ, ИЗГОНЧИЯ И НАХОДНИК
116
3-І 5-
ГРА
ДАР
117
3-І6.
ВАРНИЧИЯ
118
V.
Категории население според
фиска
119
І.Роби
119
2.
Отроци
121
3.
Парици
123
4.
Технитари
125
5.
Наемници
128
6.
Поповяне
129
VI.
Регламентация на външната търговия на средновековна
България
131
1.
Договорът от
716
г.
131
2.
Войната от
894
г.
139
3.
Дубровник и България през
XIII
век
141
4.
Отношенията
с
Венеция според документите
от
XIV
век
148
X
ФИСКАЛНА СИСТЕМА
5.
Връзките със саксонския град Брашов (Кронщадт)
от Седмоградско
154
6.
Договорът
на деспот
Йоан Тертер
с генуезците
от Пера оті
387
г.
155
Заключение
169
Словник фискалноправната лексика
173
I.
Домашни паметници
181
II.
*^λκοΝΤ»
сеудычъш людьмъ
209
НІ. Документи на цар
Йоан Александър, адресирани
до Венеция
213
IV.
Договор
на деспот
Йоан Тертер
с
генуезците от Пера
от
1387
г.
217
Литература и съкращения
227
Fiscal System
of
Medieval
Bulgaria
245
Fiscal System
of
Medieval
Bulgaria
Data, available on the fiscal system, and the use of specific termi¬
nology draw us to conclude that the influence of the Byzantine Empire
was considerable. This phenomenon applies to the rest of the primary
realms of the social order. It concerns the reception or financial and tax
law, as well as the fiscal system with its adjacent institutions, offices, re¬
ceipts, duties, etc. This was a token of cultural adherence of medieval
Bulgaria to the Orthodox Commonwealth, whose pertinent center was
Constantinople. At the beginning of the eleventh century Basil II the
Boulgaroctonos conquered the empire of Tsar Samuils heirs and created
from its territory the themes of Bulgaria, Paristrion, Sirmium, as well as
other territorial-administrative units. Many instances
oí
the status quo
were preserved and functioned furthermore under Byzantine rule
-
it is
evident that Byzantines inaugurated some fiscal establishments
-
such as
ikomodion/komod
-
borrowing from the Bulgarian tax modus
operandi.
Bulgaria constituted a territory under the Empire's rule until the very
last decades of the twelfth century, and following the restoration, adopt¬
ed and preserved the Byzantine tax system. This course of history posed
an immediate influence on the fiscal terminology that for the most part
underwent no further modification.
Bulgaria, which by then had been an independent state, kept on with
its development, following the "Byzantine" model, despite the fact in¬
stitutions which initially had not been borrowed from it, later came to
be adopted. This clarifies the sophisticated, likewise richer system at the
end of the autonomous existence of the Bulgarian state in the fourteenth
century, whose establishment bore evidence of a certain slavization of
the terminology. This trend, nonetheless, should not be interpreted as
distancing from the "Byzantine" model. Apart from borrowing patterns
from the Empire, the Bulgarian state also adopted their denominations.
The fact they were translated or calqucd, does not imply the slightest
246
FISCAL SYSTEM OF MEDIEVAL BULGARIA
terminological emancipation, yet on the contrary
-
intercalating the
model, thus forming terms not as to dispose of it, but cast it in the same
mould.
The records of contracts, and various other written documents to
have reached us, do not considerably influence the Bulgarian law and its
terminology. Contracts, being two-sided documents of matters of law
represented instances of resident law
-
that or the Bulgarian state or var¬
ious state establishments, such as the Principality of Dobrudja. Still, all
of them resulted from the development of West European law civiliza¬
tion. The form and protocol of
Dubrovnik
and Genoa were observed,
with the Bulgarian party being represented only at a formal level. In this
instance, the terminology to have been used in the written data could
hardly be defined as purely "Bulgarian", and at that, not only because of
formal linguistic distinction.
Contracts, which contained regulation of trade relations of the me¬
dieval Bulgarian state, were of political nature. Matters, concerning com¬
merce, included in them were of minor importance, even if the remote
purpose of signing the political contract was to develop trade, or gen¬
erally speaking, ameliorate commerce. One can ascertain that entering
into contract with
Dubrovnik
in
1253
was after forming an alliance, and
envisaged military collaboration against Serbia, while the eighth century
contracts, as well as the one of despot John Terter with the Genoese from
Pera,
were mostly peace treaties that stressed on cessation of hostilities
between the states. We should emphasize on the fact that the
1387
con¬
tract was of unconditional surrender and bore witness to Genoa's policy
in the Levant and the warranty of interests (in connection to trade and
commerce) through the use of political means and military measures.
The fiscal regime, set up in the regulation of the presented docu¬
ments, is of privileged status. It is here that we find the solitary evidence
from the Bulgarian Middle Ages on the regime of the "most favoured
nation" and the one of capitulations. Duties and taxation
-
in so far as
such had been stipulated
-
were low, with a variety of facilitations in
provision. It should be noted, there were discriminations in the particu¬
lar documents, which depended on the degree of equality on both parts.
Undoubtedly, the most vivid display of subordination is being present in
the contract entered into by despot John Terter and the Genoese, where
FISCAL SYSTEM
OF
MEDIEVAL
BULGARIA
247
many or the privileges
de
facto or
de
jure do not imply the contract hav¬
ing a two-sided nature. It all resulted from the specific political state of
affairs in Southeastern Europe at the end of the fourteen century.
r
J |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| geographic | Bulgarien (DE-588)4008866-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Bulgarien |
| id | DE-604.BV036958610 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-10T01:08:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789549198386 |
| language | Bulgarian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020873532 |
| oclc_num | 706970270 |
| open_access_boolean | |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 247 S. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Fondacija Bălgarsko Istoričesko Naslestvo |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Biljarski, Ivan 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)122212061 aut Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija Ivan Biljarski Plovdiv Fondacija Bălgarsko Istoričesko Naslestvo 2010 247 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Fiscal system of medieval Bulgaria Geschichte 700-1500 gnd rswk-swf Steuersystem (DE-588)4183215-2 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarien (DE-588)4008866-2 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarien (DE-588)4008866-2 g Steuersystem (DE-588)4183215-2 s Geschichte 700-1500 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020873532&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020873532&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Biljarski, Ivan 1959- Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija Steuersystem (DE-588)4183215-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4183215-2 (DE-588)4008866-2 |
| title | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija |
| title_auth | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija |
| title_exact_search | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija |
| title_full | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija Ivan Biljarski |
| title_fullStr | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija Ivan Biljarski |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija Ivan Biljarski |
| title_short | Fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna Bălgarija |
| title_sort | fiskalna sistema na srednovekovna balgarija |
| topic | Steuersystem (DE-588)4183215-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Steuersystem Bulgarien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020873532&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020873532&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT biljarskiivan fiskalnasistemanasrednovekovnabalgarija |