Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Warszawa
Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego, Departament Dziedzictwa Kulturowego
2010
|
| Series: | Polskie dziedzictwo kulturalne : Seria A, Straty kultury polskiej
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T: Libraries of Warsaw, 1939 - 1945 |
| Physical Description: | 367 S. Ill. 1 gef. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9788392922766 |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | SPIS TREŚCI
WSTĘP
...................................................................................................................9
WYKAZ SKRÓTÓW
...............................................................................................19
I. PRZED I PO WRZEŚNIU
1939
ROKU
1.
Biblioteki Warszawy
........................................................................................21
2.
Burza wojenna
....................................................................................45
3.
Rejestracja pierwszych strat. Biblioteki wznawiają prace
..................................67
4.
Rabunki księgozbiorów
...................................................................................75
- Kommando
Paulsen
..............................................................................75
-
Komisja Kajetana
Mühlmanna............................................................85
-
Zakusy
„Das Ahnenerbe
i berlińskich ministerstw
...................................92
5.
Biblioteki warszawskie we władaniu
Wernera Tzschaschela
...........................99
-
Książnice naukowe
....................................................................100
-
Biblioteki publiczne, szkolne i wypożyczalnie
platne
...........................112
II.
W PIERWSZYCH LATACH OKUPACJI
1.
Główny Zarząd Bibliotek.
Gustav
Abb
i Wilhelm
Witte
w Warszawie
.... 123
2.
Biblioteka Państwowa w Warszawie.
Zadania, organizacja pracy, budżety, uposażenia
............................................133
3. Gustav
Abb
rewindykuje warszawskie zbiory
...............................................147
4.
Wielka przeprowadzka w
1941
roku
.............................................................163
5.
Wilhelm
Witte -
portret bibliotekarza i człowieka
..............................................183
6.
Biblioteki ordynackie, kościelne i klasztorne,
zbiory getta, Biblioteka Publiczna m.st. Warszawy
.......................................195
7.
Codzienność
-
gromadzenie zbiorów,
katalogowanie, udostępnianie jawne i tajne, dublety
......................................209
8.
Czas konspiracji
............................................................................................235
Spis
tresei
III.
OSTATNIE ETAPY (SIERPIEŃ
1944 -
STYCZEŃ
1945)
1.
Powstanie warszawskie
.......................................................................243
-W oczekiwaniu zdarzeń
....................................................................243
-Naposterunku
..................................................................................249
-
Po upadku powstania
........................................................................256
2.
Akcja pruszkowska
...............................................................................261
IV.
PO WOJNIE
1.
Rewindykacje i przemieszczenia
..................................................................281
2.
Bilans strat zbiorów bibliotecznych
...............................................................289
3.
Bibliotekarze
........................................................................................297
ZAKOŃCZENIE
......................................................................................................301
WYKAZ BIBLIOTEK I KSIĘGOZBIORÓW PRYWATNYCH PRZEJĘTYCH
PRZEZ BIBUOTEKĘPAŃSTWOWĄW CAŁOŚCI LUB FRAGMENTACH
..............................307
KALENDARIUM
................................................................................................... 321
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG............................................................................................325
SUMMARY
...........................................................................................................335
BIBLIOGRAFIA
.....................................................................................................343
INDEKS OSÓB
.......................................................................................................355
SPIS ILUSTRACJI
...................................................................................................365
SUMMARY
LIBRARIES OF WARSAW,
1939-1945
Before the outbreak of World War II, Warsaw had
1.3
million inhabitants,
and its
839
libraries contained
5
million books. The most significant and nu¬
merous were scientific libraries, together holding ca.
4
million volumes. Among
them was the National Library
[Biblioteka Narodowa],
founded in
1928
as the
central national library whose activities included the preparation and publish¬
ing of a national bibliography. That library received manuscripts and imprints
of great significance repossessed from the Soviet Union after
1921,
originating
from the
Załuski
Library plundered from Poland in
1795.
By
1939,
the Na¬
tional Library had collected ca.
804,000
volumes.
Of the academic libraries (holding a total of
1.8
million volumes), the most
prominent was that of the Warsaw University
[Biblioteka Uniwersytetu w Warsza¬
wie],
founded in
1817
and containing, along with the libraries of its institutes,
1.3
million books. In the interwar period, it was the largest library in Poland. Besides the
books serving professors and students, the library contained extensive special collec¬
tions, especially in the prints and drawings department, which held graphics from
Poland and abroad, artistic drawings and architectural plans
-
in all,
103,600
items.
Rich collections relating to Polish history were contained in the libraries of en¬
tailed landed estates of the Zamoyskis,
Krasińskis,
Przezdzieckis
- 380,000
volumes.
About a million books were held in school libraries, and another million in
public libraries, the most significant among them being the Public Library of the
Capital City of Warsaw
[Biblioteka Publiczna m.s. Warszawy],
whose branches
contained a total of
0.5
million items.
Just before the war, Warsaw s inhabitants included
375,000
Jews, which was
29.1%
of the population. They founded
50
libraries, mostly public ones, whose
readers were mostly workers and small business owners.
The war surprised Polish libraries which did not have opportunity to prepare.
Only the National Library managed to transport part of its manuscripts to safe
forts, and rare books to the Bank of National Economy [Bank
Gospodarstwa Kra¬
jowego].
In September of
1939, 20%
of Warsaw was destroyed in the resistance
to the invading German
Wehrmacht.
Several library buildings were destroyed and
burned along with their contents. Among them was the Central Military Library
336
Summary
[Centralna Biblioteka
Wojskowa],
including a portion of the collection from
the Rapperswill Museum which had been deposited there by the National Li¬
brary. The Przezdziecki Library was burned, and buildings of the
Krasiński
Li¬
brary and the National Library were damaged. In all,
370,000
volumes were lost.
The occupation of Warsaw by the Germans began in October of
1939
and lasted
until January
1945.
Almost all academic, scientific and educational institutions of
the Polish state were abolished, suspended or greatly reduced in scope of activities.
With minor exceptions, all libraries of secondary schools were closed, as well as
those of social, scientific and public institutions. Closing of these libraries most of¬
ten meant the total destruction of their holdings by sending them to paper mills. But
the Public Library of the Capital City continued its operations even during the siege.
Immediately after the cessation of hostilities, the librarians of the National
Library, the University Library and the Zamoyski Library began the work of
cleaning up. The University Library had an unusually difficult situation, be¬
cause its building was taken over by a battalion of security police which allowed
access to the collections only to a handful of workers. These workers were oc¬
cupied with transferring to the main library the collections from the closed and
damaged auxiliary libraries of the university s seminars. Over
100,000
books
were saved, which after the war were transferred to the reborn university.
In the first phase of the occupation, the fate of the Polish libraries was inde¬
terminate. The future disposition of their collections, especially of the most valu¬
able items, was unclear. The police authorities of the Reich represented in the
Head Office of Reich Security
{Reichssicherheitshauptamt, RSHA]
acted on the
presumption that all assets, including cultural ones, were fair game for plunder¬
ing to the Reich. A unit commanded by professor of archeology Peter Paulsen,
known in the literature as Commando Paulsen , set out for the territory of the
General Gouvernment
[Genera/gouvernement,
GG]1.
We sent to Berlin a number
of objects of art, including the Gothic altar piece of
Veit Stoss
from the Church
of St. Mary in Krakow, and
200,000
books from the libraries of Warsaw. Among
them were the collections of the Library and Archive of the Polish Seym and
Senate
[Biblioteka i Archiwum Sejmu i Senatu],
and the Main Judaical Library
of the Great Synagogue
[Główna Biblioteka Judaistyczna przy Wielkiej Syna¬
godze].
In the
Zamoyski
Library he requisitioned a chest containing valuable me¬
dieval manuscripts, which he deposited at the Gestapo headquarters in Warsaw.
Other plundering of library collections, although on a smaller scale, were
conducted by various authorities of the Reich. For example, representatives of
Einsatzstab Reichsleiter
Rosenberg (ERR) requisitioned the musical manuscripts
of the National Library and the
Krasiński
Library.
In the General Gouvernment, the distribution of works of art was conducted by
the commission under the direction of
Kajetan
Mühlmann.
Its activities included
1 Generalgouvernement,
name given to occupied Poland not annexed to the Reich, administered from
Krakow and meant as a source of slave labor and agricultural and light industrial products for the Reich.
Summary
337
the identification of objects of art and transporting them to storage in Warsaw
and Krakow. In libraries, its interest was drawn primarily by illuminated medi¬
eval manuscripts and drawings. The commission requisitioned the most items
from the prints and drawings section of the University Library
(17%
of its
holdings), including three drawings by
Albrecht Dürer.
Four hundred and ten
medieval manuscripts were taken from the National Library.
Once administrative structures in the General Gouvernment were organized,
its administrator Hans Frank issued a series of directives preventing the removal
of objects of art from the GG. The collections of libraries which were not slated
for destruction, primarily scientific ones, were placed under control of the Central
Administration of Libraries
[Hauptverwaltung Bibliotheken im Generalgouverne¬
ment].
This
Administration was
part of the governing structures of the GG and
was funded from the central budget. Its director was
Gustav
Abb, a prominent
figure in Nazi librarianship, director of the University Library in Berlin. He cre¬
ated so-called state libraries in Krakow, Warsaw, Lublin and
Lwów,
which were
to collect the contents of scientific libraries within their regions. In Warsaw, the
State Library was opened in July
1940,
based on the collections of the National
Library, which became its 2nd Section, and of the University Library (1st Section).
In May of
1941,
the
Krasiński
Library was incorporated into it, and subsequently
the State Library took over the professional oversight of the Zamoyski Library.
It was housed in
4
buildings and its entire collections totaled
2.3
million volumes.
Eighty-three persons were hired, including all of the leading librarians of Warsaw.
Its director was
Wilhelm
Witte
of Wroclaw. While providing funds for enlarging
the collections, the administration was unable to pay adequate wages, and illnesses
spread through the library staff- sometimes as many as
1/3
of the librarians were
ill. Lack of fuel meant that in winter, interior temperatures dropped below freezing.
Upon assuming the post of director of the Central Administration of Libraries,
Abb initiated efforts aimed at the return of collections removed from Warsaw by
individual German units. The four hundred ten medieval manuscripts which had
been taken to Krakow were returned to the National Library. After extensive el-
forts, the Head Office of Reich Security returned a case of precious manuscripts
from the Zamoyski Library, which had been held in the headquarters of the Ge¬
stapo. However, the collections of the Library and Archive of the Polish Seym and
Senate, and those of the Main Judaical Library of the Great Synagogue, were not
returned
-
they were incorporated into the RSHA Library under contraction in
Berlin
-
nor were those of the Library of the Ukrainian Institute hi
t
Warsaw.
Tbs
last was destroyed when the building of Wannsee-Instytut was flooded. Also after
extensive efforts, exhibits lent in
1939
to the city of
Krzemieniec
for an exhibi¬
tion honoring romantic poet
Juliusz Słowacki
were returned. Among them was
a manuscript of the epic poem
Baliadyna
by this eminent poet
Gustav
Abb also succeeded in regaining the manuscripts of
Jozef
Eisner com¬
poser and music teacher of
Fryderyk
Chopin, which had been removed in
1940
338
Summary
by the Musical Staff of ERR. But it was not possible to recover other valuable
manuscripts looted by this unit.
Drawings and architectural plans from the prints and drawings section of
the University Library remained in Krakow there graphic works, because Abb
did not seek their return.
In
1941,
the libraries of Warsaw were subjected to a shock, by virtue of a great
regrouping of the collections.
Wilhelm
Witte,
at the suggestion of a worker of the
National Library, musicologist Julian Pulikowski, decided to divide the holdings
of the State Library into:
Polonica,
which he placed in the National Library, and
foreign-language literature, which he placed at the University Library. Special col¬
lections, encompassing manuscripts, old imprints, cartography, musicalia, prints
and drawings, were transferred to the building of the
Krasiński
Library. Collected
therein were
55,000
volumes of old imprints,
32,500
manuscripts,
160,000
prints
and drawings,
76,000
volumes of items relating to music and theater,
33,867
car¬
tographic objects. These were the most valuable collections in Warsaw. Only the
foreign-language old imprints from the 17th and 18th C. found their way to the
University Library. The last phase of the regrouping of the collections was halt¬
ed by the director of the Central Administration of Libraries, who felt that
concentrating such valuable collections in one place risked their wholesale loss.
The collection of the
Krasiński
Library was dispersed. New Polish imprints fo¬
und their way to the National Library, foreign-language ones to University Library.
Old imprints were similarly divided between the other two libraries, while other
special collections remained in the
Krasiński
Library building. After the regrouping,
librarians began cataloguing the collections and making them available to readers.
The moving of the collections, which was very difficult because of logistical
reasons, problems with transport, opposition of Polish librarians, was the work
of
Wilhelm
Witte.
He played a very important role in the history of scienti¬
fic libraries in Warsaw at the time of the occupation. Evaluation of his acti¬
vities is a complex issue. He was a members of
NSDAP,
but in fact abhorred
Nazism and never reported to the police about the political transgressions of
the library staff, although he knew of their resistance activities. Polish libra¬
rians had a generally negative opinion of him. They regarded him as a petty,
bothersome administrator who held on to his post in Warsaw to avoid servi¬
ce at the front. But nobody questioned his professional qualifications, and his
concern for the material well-being of his workers was appreciated. Witte s re¬
cord is marred by neglecting the preparation of the facilities under his admi¬
nistration for the Warsaw Uprising. He had neither the will nor the ability to
move the collections outside of the city, resulting in their near-total loss by fire.
Wilhelm Witte also
strove to incorporate into the State Library the biblio¬
graphic collections of churches and abbeys in Warsaw and the region. But this
goal was not supported by
Gustav
Abb, and no libraries of Church institutions
were merged into the State Library.
Summary
239
Attempts to incorporate the collections remaining in the ghetto were also unsuc¬
cessful. The
SS
began the liquidation of the ghetto in July of
1942,
transporting its
inhabitants to concentration camps, mainly to Auschwitz. Left behind were some
500,000
books, which were either destroyed or stolen.
Witte
intended to acquire
the building of the Main Judaical Library of the Great Synagogue, and there to
place the collections abandoned in the ghetto and duplicates from the State Library.
The
SS,
however, refused this request, and the boob remained in the ruins of the
ghetto, while the library building served as a storehouse of looted Jewish property.
The Zamoyski Library maintained its administrative independence and re¬
mained the property of the Estate. The State Library provided professional
oversight, cataloguing anew the books and manuscripts, because the library s
catalogs had burned in
1939.
In November of
1942,
by order of the governor of GG, the Public Library of
the Capital City of Warsaw was closed. It had been the only public library in the
GG which until
1942
had been open to Polish readers. All libraries open during
the occupation were forced by the Propaganda Office
[Propagandaamt]
to cull their
collections according to directives printed by the authorities of the GG in Krakow.
The State Library collected, catalogued and made available its collections.
Such activities were rather limited, due to the difficult operating conditions,
caused by, among others, the constant moving of the collections, and their inac¬
cessibility to Polish readers. However, the Library was enlarging its collections,
thanks to relatively large budget allocations. Possibilities of obtaining new items
were, however, limited, because Polish books were no longer being published.
Accordingly, German editions were purchased, and also some from Allied co¬
untries and France. But primarily, acquisitions were intended to fill gaps in the
collections, including periodicals, by purchases in used-book stores. In Sections
1
and
2,
acquisitions were from
3,000
to
6,000
volumes per year. The most valu¬
able acquisitions were for the special collections. They included, for example,
a manuscript of
Fryderyk
Chopin s Preludes, and the cultural effects of the Polish
writer and editor of the periodical Chimera,
Zenon Przesmycki.
Whereas the State Library was allocated relatively large sums of money, no such
funds were given to the Public Library, nor did the Zamoyski estate provide any for
its library. As a result, these libraries made no acquisitions during the occupation.
Acquisitions were catalogued and incorporated into the collections. Libra¬
rians had to peruse the existing catalogs to catch duplicates, recatalog the items
transferred, including periodicals exchanged between Sections
1
and
2.
The
method of cataloging remained unchanged, but the German system of numbe¬
ring
-
the so-called Abb numbering
-
was introduced in Section
2.
In Section
1,
the test of introducing the German system was not successful.
The staff of the Zamoyski Library achieved very good results in cataloguing
their collections. All of its catalogues burned in September
1939,
but by
1944
the eager staff had catalogued
65,000
books.
340
Summary
Various rules were in place governing access to the libraries of Warsaw. The
Zamoyski Library was forbidden to provide any form of access. The Public Li¬
brary, both the central one and its branches, lent out popular literature to inha¬
bitants of the city without restrictions, and traffic was quite high
-
up to
500
readers a day at the central library. In the period from October
1939
to November
1942, 3.5
million books had been checked out. After the library was closed, re¬
aders patronized private paid lending libraries, which held almost
1
million books.
The State Library made its collections available only to Germans and to Po¬
les who worked in German institutions. These restrictions resulted in making
these collections inaccessible to Polish scientists and students of the undergro¬
und universities. Traffic was minimal
-
in the Special Collections section, the
report for the year
1942/43
shows that visitors averaged
0.8
persons per day.
Section
2
had even fewer visitors, so the administration considered closing that
section. Utilization was relatively higher in Section
1,
which contained foreign-
language literature. In
1942,
there were
1,420
readers.
All of Warsaw s libraries made materials available clandestinely. Effective
secret procedures were put in place, and books were lent to students of secret
secondary schools and universities.
Librarians were actively engaged in the Resistance. They worked within the
structures of the Govemment-in-Exile, often they were officers in the undergro¬
und Home Army
[Armia Krajowa].
Conditions for resistance activities were favo¬
rable, because the library staff was dispersed over many sites in Warsaw, and there
were no enemy agents within the staff. Librarians copied illegal materials, moni¬
tored radio transmissions, gathered and copied the underground press, and con¬
ducted secret activities aimed at the postwar organization of Polish librarianship.
In the face of the advancing front from the east, the libraries attempted to
safeguard their collections, but without success. At most, materials were taken
into basements. After the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising on August
1,1944,
only skeletal staff remained at some of the sites. In Section
1
of the State Libra¬
ry, a handful of librarians was led by
Bohdan
Korzeniewski, in Section
2,
Józef
Grycz, at the Special Collections,
Jerzy
Zathey, and at the Public Library, first
Leon Bykowski, followed by
Janina Peszyńska.
On September
5,
incendiary bombs burned the building of the
Krasiński
Li¬
brary containing the Special Collections. The most valuable items, stored in the
basement, survived. At the beginning of September, the Zamoyski Library building
was destroyed; again, only the books stored in the basement were saved. The most
numerous staff was at the Public Library, which found itself in the center of the in¬
surgent hostilities and was a point of support for the local inhabitants and the com¬
mand of the Home Army, which located several of its staff offices in the building.
The Uprising ended with the signing on October
2
of a cease-fire, which allo¬
wed the start of the so-called Operation-
Pruszków.
This consisted of removal from
Warsaw, which the Germans intended to completely destroy, of the most valuable
Summary 34J
cultural assets, including bibliographic collections, to the Reich, where they
were to be protected from destruction. The library staff transported ca.
300,000
books to
Garbisch
near Frankfurt-an-Oder and to Adelin, near Legnica in Lo¬
wer Silesia.
80,000
volumes were taken to the railroad workshops at
Pruszków,
a distant suburb of Warsaw.
In the middle of October,
Brandkommando
burned ca.
360,000
items of the
Special Collection, hidden in the basement of the
Krasiński
Library building.
The
Wehrmacht,
leaving Warsaw on January
17, 1945,
burned down the store¬
house of the Public Library.
Once the Germans were expelled from Warsaw in January
1945,
reposses¬
sions began, both from within the country and from the territories of the former
Reich. Collections were for the most part regained, although ca.
25%
of the
books taken to
Pruszków
never returned to Warsaw.
Attempts at accounting for the losses in bibliographic collections indica¬
te that the greatest number of books were saved by scientific libraries, which
held
2.4
million volumes in
1939.
Virtually total losses were suffered by school
libraries (ca.
1
million), public libraries
(1
million), government institutions
(650,000).
In all, the losses from Warsaw s libraries totaled ca.
3.6
million of
5
million volumes held in
1939 -
a loss rate of over
70%.
Translated by
Tadeusz Mirecki
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Mężyński, Andrzej 1938- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128426780 |
| author_facet | Mężyński, Andrzej 1938- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Mężyński, Andrzej 1938- |
| author_variant | a m am |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV036662673 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)705799218 (DE-599)BVBBV036662673 |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1945 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Warschau (DE-588)4079048-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Warschau |
| id | DE-604.BV036662673 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:45:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788392922766 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020581948 |
| oclc_num | 705799218 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-188 |
| physical | 367 S. Ill. 1 gef. Kt. |
| psigel | DHB_JDG_ISBN_1 |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego, Departament Dziedzictwa Kulturowego |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Polskie dziedzictwo kulturalne : Seria A, Straty kultury polskiej |
| spelling | Mężyński, Andrzej 1938- Verfasser (DE-588)128426780 aut Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 Andrzej Mężyński Warszawa Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego, Departament Dziedzictwa Kulturowego 2010 367 S. Ill. 1 gef. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Polskie dziedzictwo kulturalne : Seria A, Straty kultury polskiej Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T: Libraries of Warsaw, 1939 - 1945 Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd rswk-swf Bibliothek (DE-588)4006439-6 gnd rswk-swf Warschau (DE-588)4079048-4 gnd rswk-swf Warschau (DE-588)4079048-4 g Bibliothek (DE-588)4006439-6 s Geschichte 1939-1945 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020581948&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020581948&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Mężyński, Andrzej 1938- Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 Bibliothek (DE-588)4006439-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006439-6 (DE-588)4079048-4 |
| title | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 |
| title_auth | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 |
| title_exact_search | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 |
| title_full | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 Andrzej Mężyński |
| title_fullStr | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 Andrzej Mężyński |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 Andrzej Mężyński |
| title_short | Biblioteki Warszawy w latach 1939 - 1945 |
| title_sort | biblioteki warszawy w latach 1939 1945 |
| topic | Bibliothek (DE-588)4006439-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bibliothek Warschau |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020581948&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020581948&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mezynskiandrzej bibliotekiwarszawywlatach19391945 |