International migration in the age of crisis and globalization: historical and recent experiences
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2010
|
| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XV, 223 S. graph. Darst. 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 0521194253 9780521194259 0521142482 9780521142489 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a International migration in the age of crisis and globalization |b historical and recent experiences |c Andrés Solimano |
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| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgments page
xv
1.
Introduction: Understanding the Trends, Themes,
and Strata of International Migration
1
1.1
International Migration: Incentives and Drive
Face Barriers
3
a. People Are Now Migrating Internationally
in Patterns that Differ from Historical
Patterns
4
b. Free Immigration Has Evolved into Visas,
Walls, Deportation
6
1.2
Eight Critical Themes Underscore the International
Migration Process
8
a. Critical Theme I: Why Is International Migration
Such a Contentious Issue and Internal Consensus
So Difficult to Reach?
8
b. Critical Theme II: Migration Flows Have Flourished
in Periods of Capital Mobility and Globalization,
and Have Declined in Periods of Crisis and
Economic and Political Nationalism
9
с
Critical Theme III: Migration as a Consequence
and Mitigation of Income Disparities in Our
Global Society
10
d. Critical Theme IV: Are Goods and Capital More
Important in Globalization than People?
11
viii Contents
e.
Critical Theme V: Why Are Talented Elites More
Internationally Mobile than Workers?
12
f. Critical Theme VI: Don t Always Blame the
North: International Migration Is also a Response
to Economic and Political Failures in the South
15
g. Critical Theme
VII:
The Rise of Irregular Migration
and the Fragmentation of Global Labor Markets
17
h. Critical Theme
VIII:
A Multilateral Framework for
Regulating International Migration?
18
1.3
Setting the Stage: A Brief Tour of the Book
19
2.
Why People Move or Stay Put: International Migration
Is the Result of Compelling and Conflicting Factors
22
2.1 Cross-Country
Income Differentials throughout
the World Are Wider than Ever
25
2.2
People Need to Make More Money for
Their Families: Remittances That Are Sent
Back Home
27
2.3
Immigrants Want a Better Standard of Living: Social
Services, Safe Communities, Healthy Environment,
and Overall Security
28
2.4
Communal Ties May Precede Economics in the
Decision to Migrate
30
2.5
Beyond National Comparisons: Buoyant Cities
and Mega-Regions Attract Migrants
31
2.6
Economic and Financial Crises in Developing and
Wealthy Nations Are
a Macroeconomic
Catalyst
for Migration Flows
32
2.7
Political Instability, Civil War, and the Dissolution
of Empires Force or Compel People to Migrate
34
a. Recent History Provides Compelling Examples
of Political Migration
35
2.8
Why People Might Not Migrate: Migration Entails
Financial, Family, and Social Costs
38
2.9
Concluding Remarks about Why
People Migrate
39
Contents ix
3.
What
Happens
When
International Migration Happens?
The Dilemmas
Posed by
Migration 41
3.1 Dilemma
I:
Illegal Migration -
A Conflict between
Economic Logic and the Law? Does Economic
Logic also Conflict with Immigrants Rights?
42
a. How Effective Are Immigration Restrictions?
46
b. All Immigrants Face a Marginalizing Set of Rights
47
3.2
Dilemma II: Does a Country Export People or
Import Capital? Or Do People and Capital Move
in Tandem?
49
a. Instability
51
b. Economic Opportunity
52
с
Natural Resources
54
3.3
Dilemma III: Are Income Convergence
and Restricted Migration Compatible?
55
a. The Magnitude and Speed of Wage Convergence
across Countries Will Depend on the Size
of Migration
55
3.4
Dilemma IV: Does Immigration Boost Economic
Growth in Destination Countries?
59
3.5
Dilemma V: Does Emigration Retard Growth in Origin
Countries? Brain-Drain Effects
60
3.6
Dilemma VI: Are Remittances the Only Benefit
of Exported People for the Origin Country? Or
Can a Brain Drain Ultimately Have Positive Effects?
63
a. At
a Macroeconomic
Level, Remittances from
Migrants Are Currently a Growing and Relatively
Stable, Market-Based External Source of
Developmental Financing
66
3.7
The New Developmental Effects of Migratory Talent
Can Supersede the Brain Drain If Return Migration
and Diaspora Contacts Are Present
68
a. Return Migration Is Not Yet a Guarantee
71
b. Depredatory Migration: The Medical Brain Drain
72
с
Brain Circulation: The Case of International
Students
74
x
Contents
3.8
Concluding Remarks about What Happens
When People Migrate
76
4.
How Empires, Policy Regimes, and Economic Imperatives
Influenced the Mobility of Capital and People
in the 20th Century
78
4.1
The Patterns of Capital and Labor Mobility
Confirm Their Parallel Movement
80
4.2 1870-1914:
Economic Liberalism in the Era of Empires
Propelled the First Wave of Globalization for Labor
and Capital Markets
86
4.3
Global Capital Markets Moved Freely, Expanding Global
Commerce and Transactions
88
a. London Was the World s Financial Center
89
4.4
Capital Flows Drove Labor Flows
90
4.5
Migration Patterns to Resource-Rich, Higher-Wage
Countries: Who They Were and Why They Migrated
93
a. Liberal Immigration Policies and Politics Gradually
Became More Restrictive toward the End
of the Period, Affecting Migration Patterns
98
4.6 1913-1945:
Deglobalization: Economic Instability
and Political Turbulence Disrupted Global Markets
and Restricted Immigration Flows
101
a. Global Capital Markets Were Disrupted
101
b. A Backlash against Globalization Restricted
Immigration Flows but Did Drive Political
Migration
103
4.7
Rising Nationalism Was an Important Determinant
of Migration Flows during the Period
105
4.8 1945-1971/73:
Reconstruction and the
Bretton
Woods Era Brought Stability to Incipient Capital
Mobility and Provided a Basis for Accelerating
Immigration in Todays World
108
4.9
1971/73-Today: The Second Wave of Globalization
-
Floating, Freer Capital Mobility Has Been Accompanied
by Rising Migration
110
Contents xi
4.10 Capital
Flows in the Second Wave of Globalization
Have a Different Direction, Composition, and Origin
than in the First Wave
110
a. Managed Migration Has Yielded to Growing
Pressures for People
s
Mobility
113
4.11
Concluding Remarks about the Historical Analysis
of Capital and Labor Mobility
115
5.
Latin America: Where Volatile Economic Development,
Political Crises, Poverty, and Remittance Income Is a
Laboratory for Studying the Determinants of
International Migration
117
5.1
The Developmental Gaps between Latin America
and Europe and the New World Have Reversed since
the 19th Century
120
a. Argentina in Focus: The Country Has Reversed Its
Course from Massive European Immigration to
Emigration to Europe
123
b. Emigration from Latin America Is Outpacing
Immigration in the Late 20th and Early
21st Centuries
125
с
Emigration from Latin America and the Caribbean
Is Primarily to One Destination County
-
the
United States
128
5.2
The Socio-demographic Characteristics of Latin
American Migration: Women and Educated
Persons Are Two Prominent Groups
131
5.3
The Emigration of Elites: The Disproportionate
Numbers Beg for Action from the Global Community
135
5.4
The Determinants of Migration to, from, and within Latin
America Mirror Those throughout the Developing World
138
a. Developmental Gaps Are Persistent in Latin America
139
b. Growth Crises and Financial Crises Are Endemic
in Latin America
142
с
Political Crises and Internal Violence Are also
Serious in Latin America
143
xii Contents
5.5 Remittances in Latin America:
The Money Emigrants
Send Back
Home Is
a
Prominent
Source of Financing
for the Domestic Economies of Origin Countries
146
a. Remittances Affect Economic Development
in Latin America in Diverse Ways
149
b. Remittances Are Used for Current Spending,
Durable Goods Purchases, and Education
151
с
Remittances Seem to Reduce Poverty, but Evidence
Is Mixed on the Extent to which They Do So
152
5.6
Concluding Remarks about the Latin
American Experience
155
6.
Who Migrates and What They Offer: A Focus on
People and Elites with Talent, Knowledge, and
Entrepreneurial Skills
157
6.1
The Concept of Elites
159
6.2
The Value of Talent and the Value of Political
Connections
-
Each Has Economic Rewards to Elites
161
6.3
Inside the Talented Elite: A Variety of International
Market Destinations Exist for Different Types of Talent
163
a. Where Productive Talent Moves
164
b. Scientific Talent: Where Academics, Scientists,
and International Students Move
167
с
Where Health and Cultural Talent Moves
168
d. Mobility in International Public Organizations
170
e. Mobility in Multinational Corporations and
International Banks
172
6.4
The International Market for Talent Is Characterized
by a Concentration of Rewards among a Few
172
a. Winners-Take-All Market Theory in Talent Markets
173
6.5
Talent Concentrates in the North because the Costs
Are as Attractive as Its Rewards
174
a. Earnings Differences and Developmental Gaps
in the South Are Large
175
b. The Concentration of Talent, Capital, and
Technology Can Reach a Critical Mass
175
Contents xiii
c.
Driving Away Talented Elites Are the Costs
of Doing Business, Distorted Rewards, and
Rent-Seeking in Origin Countries
176
d. Special Immigration Policies Can Attract
Foreign Talent
179
6.6
The Return Flow: Concentration in the North,
Talent Circulation and Outsourcing
182
6.7
Empirical Evidence Shows that Talented Elites Will
Be Going to Economies that Are at the Top of the
Developmental Ladder
184
6.8
The Use of Talent Is Another Way to Look at
Its Distribution in the Global Economy
185
a. The Number of Nobel Prizes in the Sciences
Is Another Measure
186
6.9
A Much More Even Distribution of International
Talent Is Devoted to Culture and the Arts
187
6.10
Concluding Remarks about the Mobility
of Talented Elites
188
7.
A Fair and Orderly International Migration Process
Requires a Global Social Contract
190
7.1
Recap of Some of the Main Themes
192
7.2
Where Do We Go from Here?
196
7.3
The Institutional Vacuum Should Be Filled
-
What an
International Organization Can (and Can t) Do
203
References
207
Index
215
|
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| spelling | Solimano, Andrés Verfasser aut International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences Andrés Solimano 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2010 XV, 223 S. graph. Darst. 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1870-2010 gnd rswk-swf Emigration and immigration Emigration and immigration / Social aspects Emigration and immigration / Economic aspects Gesellschaft Migration Migration (DE-588)4120730-0 gnd rswk-swf Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 gnd rswk-swf Migration (DE-588)4120730-0 s Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 s Geschichte 1870-2010 z DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020476166&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Solimano, Andrés International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences Emigration and immigration Emigration and immigration / Social aspects Emigration and immigration / Economic aspects Gesellschaft Migration Migration (DE-588)4120730-0 gnd Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4120730-0 (DE-588)4557997-0 |
| title | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences |
| title_auth | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences |
| title_exact_search | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences |
| title_full | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences Andrés Solimano |
| title_fullStr | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences Andrés Solimano |
| title_full_unstemmed | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences Andrés Solimano |
| title_short | International migration in the age of crisis and globalization |
| title_sort | international migration in the age of crisis and globalization historical and recent experiences |
| title_sub | historical and recent experiences |
| topic | Emigration and immigration Emigration and immigration / Social aspects Emigration and immigration / Economic aspects Gesellschaft Migration Migration (DE-588)4120730-0 gnd Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Emigration and immigration Emigration and immigration / Social aspects Emigration and immigration / Economic aspects Gesellschaft Migration Globalisierung |
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