Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kielce ; Warszawa
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego [etc.] ; Muzeum Historii Polskiego Ruchu Ludowego
2009
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache: Polish Armed Forces |
| Beschreibung: | 684 Seiten, [88] Tafeln zahlreiche Illustrationen 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788361982005 9788388161315 9788362171200 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej |c Stefan Józef Pastuszka |
| 264 | 1 | |a Kielce ; Warszawa |b Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego [etc.] ; Muzeum Historii Polskiego Ruchu Ludowego |c 2009 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804142929736892416 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis
tresei
Wstęp
........................................................... 11
Rozdział I
Stosunki polityczne i nastroje w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych
na Zachodzie
.................................................... 19
Francja i Wielka Brytania
........................................ 19
Po klęsce Francji
...............................................28
Stosunek do układu Sikorski-Majski
...............................34
Rywalizacja generałów i jej wpływ na stosunki w wojsku
................44
Nastroje i postawy w Armii Polskiej w ZSRR
(1941-1942)..............50
Kondycja fizyczna i psychiczna żołnierzy
..........................50
Struktura narodowa i społeczna wojska
...........................56
Warunki socjalne
............................................57
Postawy żołnierzy
............................................60
Stosunek rządu radzieckiego do Armii Polskiej
....................64
Ewakuacja
..................................................66
Armia Polska na Wschodzie
......................................70
Brygada Karpacka
..............................................73
Nastroje
.......................................................74
Warunki klimatyczne
............................................81
Stosunki z miejscową ludnością
....................................82
Przestępczość
..................................................85
Penetracja komunistyczna
........................................88
Propaganda niemiecka
...........................................89
Po kapitulacji Niemiec
...........................................91
Przejawy antysemityzmu w PSZ i ich zwalczanie
....................94
Dezercje
.....................................................101
Kampania antypolska
............................................108
Rozdział
II
Praca kulturalno-oświatowa
......................................115
Cele
..........................................................115
Realizacja w jednostkach wojskowych
...............................125
Rozdział III
Organizacja życia kulturalnego
....................................135
Centralny aparat kulturalno-oświatowy
..............................135
Podnoszenie kwalifikacji
.........................................
145
Bariery
.......................................................
I«
Kadry
.......................................; ·................
^
Organizacja pracy kulturalno-oświatowej w Armii Polskiej
w ZSRR na Wschodzie
..........................................
155
Rozdział W
Prasa wojskowa i książka
-
rozwój i czytelnictwo
163
Geneza prasy wojskowej
.........................................
*63
Geografia prasy wojskowej i jej profil
...............................164
Jugosławia- Grecja -Turcja
.....................................165
Francja
....................................................
165
Wielka Brytania
.............................................
167
Armia Polska w Związku Radzieckim
............................
I72
Środkowy i Bliski Wschód
.....................................
I75
Iran
.......................................................
179
Irak
.......................................................
179
Palestyna
-
Egipt
-
Libia
......................................
ll
Włochy
....................................................
Działalność wydawnicza
..........................................
Biblioteki wojskowe i kolportaż książek i prasy
.......................
iyu
Czytelnictwo
...................................................
I ·
Rozdział
V
Twórczość literacka żołnierzy
......................................203
Poezja
.....................................................203
Martyrologia obywateli
II
Rzeczypospolitej w „sowieckim domu niewoli
. .203
Patriotyzm i obraz ojczyzny
....................................21
Ukochane polskie miasta w świetle poezji żołnierskiej
...............234
Warszawa
................................................234
Lwów
-
najbardziej polskie miasto na wschodzie
................240
Wilno
...................................................241
Poznań
..................................................242
Poetycka wizja żołnierskiego obowiązku
..........................243
Monte
Cassino
w poezji żołnierskiej
.............................
24o
Życie wojskowe
..............................................252
Przyroda
...................................................256
Żołnierska tęsknota za matką i rodziną
...........................263
Miłość żołnierska w poezji
.....................................267
Obraz dowódców Wojska Polskiego
..............................272
Utwory dedykowane przyjaciołom i znajomym
.....................274
Śmierć w poezji żołnierskiej
....................................277
Żołnierskie liryki religijne
.....................................279
Gehenna Żydów polskich w poezji żołnierskiej
.....................288
Poetycki obraz emigracji polskiej
................................291
Alianci
................. ...............293
Refleksje o życiu
.............................................305
Fraszki
.......................................................309
Proza beletrystyczna i dramatopisarstwo
.............................309
Dramat
.......................................................313
Wieczory literackie
..............................................315
Rozdział
VI
Teatr i jego oddziaływanie
........................................319
Geneza teatru żołnierskiego
......................................319
Rozwój organizacyjny teatru żołnierskiego i jego repertuar
..............320
Francja i Wielka Brytania
........................................321
„Lwowska Fala
................................................322
Lotnicza Czołówka Teatralna
.....................................344
Teatr Polowy
1.
Brygady Strzelców
.................................347
Teatr Brygady Karpackiej
.........................................348
Teatr w ZSRR
.................................................353
Teatr
6.
Dywizji Piechoty
.........................................359
Teatr Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie
.................................361
Teatr Dramatyczny
..............................................367
Teatr Polowy JWSW
.............................................375
Teatr Objazdowy
...............................................375
Teatr Żołnierski Domu Uzdrowieńców APW „Bzowiak
...............377
Inne zespoły teatralne
...........................................378
Funkcje teatru
.................................................379
Rozdział
VII
Piosenka i muzyka na szlaku wojennym
.............................401
Geneza piosenki i jej rola
........................................401
Znane pieśni i piosenki
..........................................403
Oddziaływanie piosenki
..........................................414
Piosenki i pieśni śpiewane przed walką i w czasie marszu do boju
........415
Piosenki liryczne
................................................417
Marsze
.......................................................419
Chór Wojska Polskiego
..........................................423
Zespoły muzyczne
..............................................434
Orkiestra Jednostek Wojska Środkowego Wschodu
....................436
Rozdział
VIII
Życie artystyczne w jednostkach i oddziałach wojskowych
.............439
Wielka Brytania
................................................439
1.
Brygada Strzelców
.........................................439
1.
Samodzielna Brygada Spadochronowa
.........................440
10.
Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej
................................442
Dywizjony Pociągów Pancernych
................................443
Dywizjon Rozpoznawczy Korpusu
...............................445
1.
Pułk Artylerii Ciężkiej
......................................445
Pułk Artylerii Motorowej
......................................446
Komenda Uzupełnień nr
1.....................................446
Centrum Wyszkolenia Łączności
...............................446
1.
Kolumna Samochodów Sanitarnych
...........................447
Obóz Rozdzielczy
............................................447
Szpitale
....................................................447
Udział żołnierzy w życiu kulturalnym Londynu
.....................449
Armia Polska w ZSRR
...........................................449
7.
Dywizja Piechoty (gen. Okulickiego)
...........................450
Żywy Dziennik
.................................................451
Rozdział
IX
Uroczystości religijne, wojskowe i narodowe
.........................453
Święta religijne
.................................................453
Zaduszki
.....................................................462
Uroczystości wojskowe i narodowe
.................................463
Duszpasterstwo wojskowe
........................................472
Rozdział
X
Sztuka
..........................................................477
Malarstwo i plastyka
............................................477
Rumunia i Węgry
............................................477
Francja
....................................................477
Anglia
.....................................................478
Wystawy
...................................................481
Armia Polska w ZSRR
........................................485
Armia Polska na Wschodzie
...................................487
Italia
.....................................................490
Wydawnictwa
......................... .493
Fotografia
......................... 495
Film
................................. 497
Zakończenie
......................
503
Przypisy
................................ 507
Wstęp
- 507;
I
- 511,
II
-547;
III
- SSO ;
IV
-554;
V
-564;
VI
-
58ο ;
VII-
596;
VIII - 601;
IX
- 604;
X
- 608;
Zakończenie
- 612
Bibliografia
....................
Summary
.................. .................
Indeks nazwisk
..................... .............................
g41
Indeks nazw geograficznych
.......... . . ............................671
Spis fotografii
.................... ............................
10
Summary Polish Armed Forces
The cultural life of the Polish Armed Forces in Western Europe during the
second world war belongs to an extraordinary phenomenon in Europe that was
going through the second world war drama. This consists of professional and
amateur theatres, choirs and and orchestras, vocal musical groups, cabarets,
publication activity, readership of books and press,
untramelled
literary works
in the form of poetry, prose and drama, painting, fine arts, sculpture, photog¬
raphy, cinematography, the art of exhibition,applied art, radio. It had, on one
side, especially at the beginning, a spontaneous character which was later
inspired and coordinated by the, appointed for this purpose,military institution.
This was an important instrument in the accomplishment of the cultural and
educational policies of the government and military authorities. The priorities
in this direction were defined by the leader and minister of defence by setting
up special military institutions for their incorporation. They constituted the
basis of the Republic of Poland s policies, attitude and mood of the soldiers, the
relations between soldiers of different nationalities and religious denomina¬
tions, especially between Poles and Jews, the aspiration of the government to
educate and bring up the society along civic and democratic values was very
significant. The plan of emphasis for the accomplishment of the above-mentioned
directives as well as the methods of work were employed to satisfy the needs of
the individual army units.
The press and books have played a key role in the cultural and educational
life of the army. Its establishment provided an answer to soldiers needs and had
an Impact on their attitude which was going through fluctuations in connection
with the situation at the front, relatively important internbational Polish affairs,
information
from the country, the prevailing atmosphere
The artistic life defused tensions in the army which adversely influenced
soldiers morale. Artistic events provided soldiers with moments of oblivion
which appear to be essential for mental health; they created a kind of bridge to
their families, relatives and the homeland; as well as brought them together
through experiencing shared values acted on the stage.
During wartime soldiers were accompanied by not only light, lyric and patriotic
^gs, but also religious and religious-patriotic pieces. Some of them are included
|n the canon of Polish songs e.g.
Modlitwa obozowa
by Adam
Kowalski,
Czerwone maki
na Monte
Cassino
by Feliks Konarski, Ale serce tęskni by
637
F. Konarski,
Serce w plecaku by Michał Zieliński, Karpacka Brygada by
Marian Hemar, Antoni Kociubiński by F. Konarski, Polacy do broni by
Henryk Warsa
(music) and F.
Konarski
(lyrics).
Military song was a form of escape from daily routine and wartime stressful
life. It also helped soldiers gain self-confidence, raised their spirits, connected
with families and home country, played educational role, as well as promoted
Poland and the Polish Armed Forces. The Polish Army Choir conducted by
Jerzy Kołaczkowski
and acted in Great Britain, later on the Continent, rendered
considerable services to this field. Its repertoire covered among others
Fryderyk
Chopin,
Stanisław Moniuszko,
B.W.
Walewski,
E.
Elgar,
Mieczysław Karłowicz
compositions, and Polish, Scottish and English folk songs. The Choir cooperated
with outstanding Scottish and English artists, as well as frequently performed
with English, Scottish and Welsh bands. It significantly promoted Polish culture
and raised the matter of Poland during WW2.
Intensity and standard of artistic life in military units were diversified.
The most outstanding units were those employing highly educated soldiers
e.g.
Brygada Karpacka
(The Carpathian Brigade); as well as training units and
special tasks forces, such as
Samodzielna Brygada Spadochronowa
(1st
Independent Parachute Brigade) or
10
Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej
(10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade). Intensity of cultural life in military hospitals
depended basically on education officers and medical personnel s involvement.
Particular role in military life was played by cultural movement of the Polish
Army in the USSR, especially because of traumatic experiences suffered by
Polish soldiers in Soviet captivity and difficult conditions for the Polish Army in
the USSR.
An important aspects of soldiers cultural life were: artistic work, painting,
sculpting, photography and cinema. The works of Polish artists won recognition
of English public opinion and critics.
Feliks
Topolski,
Henryk
Gotlib,
Marek
Żuławski, Tadeusz
Kopera and Adam Kossowski were the most popular artists.
Feliks
Topolski, excellent WW2
documentarían,
was the author of well-known
during the War image of Winston Churchill, spread in thousands of lithographic
copies.
Henryk
Gotlib, whereas, in token of his appreciation, was invited to join
the London Group established by
Sickert
and gathering the most outstanding
British modern artists. Gotlib, together with another foreigner
-
Oskar
Kokoschka, was
a board member. Among others highly regarded painters were:
Stanisław Wąsik, Antoni
Wasilewski, Marian Walentynowicz, Adam Bunsch
(Andrzej Wart), Wojciech Jastrzębowski, Józef Czapski, Krystyna Domańska,
Józef Jarema, Edward Matuszczak, Młodnicka, Henryk Siedlanowski, Anna
Stahlow-Załęska, Zygmunt Turkiewicz, Aleksander
Werner,
Stanisław
Westwalewicz, Włodzimierz Kowańko, Zygmunt Turkiewicz.
Polish artists with great satisfaction participated in exhibitions organized in
Great Britain. Presenting their works to the public was not only the need for
638
artistic
fulfillment, but also a sense of duty to their homeland, and even a form
of struggle for independence.
In April,
1941,
in Royal Scottish Academy and National Gallery of Scotland,
The Royal Exhibition was opened which soldiers from seven allied countries
took part in.
48
Polish artists including
34
painters and visual artists had pride
of place there.
100
artefacts were exhibited. Capt.
Oktawian Jastrzębski,
watercolourist, was the exhibition organizer. The exhibition fully met the
expectations and was particularly valuable in terms of propaganda. An exotic
housing estate designed by five architects was found particularly interesting.
Religion, as one of the most important factors, plays a significant role in an
individual s life, social groups and countries lives. It is not only a value itself
which influences entire human life, but also impacts individual s mental health.
What a person believes in influences his/her physical and mental condition.
Religion played a significant role in Polish soldiers lives. It helped soldier
eliminate or decrease depression, reduce feelings of fear and anxiety, especially
fear of death, and reduce a sense of inferiority. Religion was also a therapeutic
factor which met essential psychological needs, helped soldiers feel
joie de vivre
and was the source of self-confidence. Thanks to the sacrament of penance,
religion decreased egoism, but revealed a sense of life and the system of values,
as well as was an important factor in spiritual treatment.
Polish military authorities and units commanders promoted religious values
in the process of building soldiers psychological safety, developing confidence
in commanders and eliminating prejudices arising from different soldiers life
experiences. Units commanders were making use of religion in soldiers
education in terms of respect to Christian symbols and soldiers religious
sensibilities.
Religious ceremonies were often theatrically celebrated and troops
stationed were involved in their organisation. The most significant religious
feast were: Christmas, Easter, and Corpus
Christi. An
exceptional experience
for Polish II Corps soldiers was the Midnight Mass on Christmas Eve celebrated
in the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter, Rome, in
1944
by the Pope Pius 12th
.
Polish
Christmas carols
Bóg się
rodzi ( God
Is Being Born ) and
Wśród nocnej
ciszy
( In the Night Silence ) were sung by the Choir of
1000
Polish
D
Corps soldiers.
Soldiers of various ranks were deeply moved by the ceremony of military
flags consecration. The presence of military commanders and authorities
gained prestige for religious ceremonies. Military choirs and orchestras performed
и
Masses which were commonly theatrically celebrated.
Military artistic movement played a significant role in promoting Poland and
lts
Sturai
heritage. Its impact increased thanks to affiliation with the Polish
Armed Forces which covered themselves in glory during WW2.
639
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Pastuszka, Stefan Józef 1941- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1031099778 |
| author_facet | Pastuszka, Stefan Józef 1941- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Pastuszka, Stefan Józef 1941- |
| author_variant | s j p sj sjp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV036445335 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | D810 |
| callnumber-raw | D810.E8 |
| callnumber-search | D810.E8 |
| callnumber-sort | D 3810 E8 |
| callnumber-subject | D - General History |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)705499155 (DE-599)BVBBV036445335 |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1945 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV036445335 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:39:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788361982005 9788388161315 9788362171200 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020317605 |
| oclc_num | 705499155 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 684 Seiten, [88] Tafeln zahlreiche Illustrationen 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego [etc.] ; Muzeum Historii Polskiego Ruchu Ludowego |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Pastuszka, Stefan Józef 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)1031099778 aut Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej Stefan Józef Pastuszka Kielce ; Warszawa Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego [etc.] ; Muzeum Historii Polskiego Ruchu Ludowego 2009 684 Seiten, [88] Tafeln zahlreiche Illustrationen 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache: Polish Armed Forces Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd rswk-swf Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 gnd rswk-swf Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 b Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 s Geschichte 1939-1945 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020317605&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020317605&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Pastuszka, Stefan Józef 1941- Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4439480-9 (DE-588)4126540-3 |
| title | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej |
| title_auth | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej |
| title_exact_search | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej |
| title_full | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej Stefan Józef Pastuszka |
| title_fullStr | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej Stefan Józef Pastuszka |
| title_full_unstemmed | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej Stefan Józef Pastuszka |
| title_short | Życie kulturalne w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych na Zachodzie w czasie II wojny światowej |
| title_sort | zycie kulturalne w polskich silach zbrojnych na zachodzie w czasie ii wojny swiatowej |
| topic | Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie Kulturleben |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020317605&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020317605&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pastuszkastefanjozef zyciekulturalnewpolskichsiłachzbrojnychnazachodziewczasieiiwojnyswiatowej |