Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Poznań
Biblioteka Telgte
2009
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 209, [1] s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788361845010 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Liczbińska, Grażyna |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania |c Grażyna Liczbińska |
| 264 | 1 | |a Poznań |b Biblioteka Telgte |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a 209, [1] s. |b il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., graph. Darst. |c 24 cm. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache | ||
| 648 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Statistik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mortality |z Poland |z Poznań |x History |y 19th century |v Statistics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Religion and social status |z Poland |z Poznań | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Todesursache |0 (DE-588)4060308-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Katholik |0 (DE-588)4163454-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Protestant |0 (DE-588)4130730-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Polen | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Poznań (Poland) |x Population |x History | |
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| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Posen |0 (DE-588)4046868-9 |D g |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018961450&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804141120777617408 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | SPIS TREŚCI
I.
WSTĘP
/ 5
1.
Specyfika
XlX-wiecznego
Poznania
/ 5
2.
Struktura wyznaniowa i narodowościowa
XlX-wiecznego
Poznania
/ 9
3.
Związek między wyznaniem a miernikami demograficznymi
/ 11
4.
Cele pracy
/ 14
II.
MATERIAŁY
/15
1.
Charakterystyka źródeł historycznych
/ 15
1.1.
Statystyki pruskie
/ 15
1.2.
Księgi metrykalne
/ 16
1.2.1.
Parafie katolickie
/ 18
1.2.1.1.
Parafia św. Małgorzaty
/ 18
1.2.1.2.
Parafia św. Marii Magdaleny
/ 19
1.2.2.
Ewangelicka parafia św. Krzyża
/ 20
2.
Ocena rzetelności materiałów metrykalnych
/ 25
III. STRUKTURA SPOŁECZNO-ZAWODOWA ZMARŁYCH PARAFIAN
/ 32
1.
Katolicka parafia św. Małgorzaty
/ 33
2.
Katolicka parafia św. Marii Magdaleny
/ 36
3.
Ewangelicka parafia św. Krzyża
/ 37
IV.
RUCH NATURALNY
/ 39
1.
Współczynniki urodzeń, zgonów i dynamiki demograficznej
/ 39
2.
Współczynniki przyrostu naturalnego
/ 42
V.
STOSUNKI UMIERALNOŚCI
/ 45
1.
Współczynniki umieralności neonatalnej, postneonatalnej i umieralności niemowląt
/ 45
2.
Współczynnik umieralności perinatalnej. Problem martwych urodzeń
/ 50
3.
Parametry tablic wymieralności
/ 53
4.
Mierniki sposobności do działania doboru naturalnego
/ 63
209
VI.
ANALIZA PRZYCZYN ZGONÓW
/ 67
1.
Diagnozowanie chorób i nazewnictwo przyczyn zgonów
/ 67
2.
Charakterystyka przyczyn zgonów
/ 68
2.1.
Katolicka parafia św. Małgorzaty
/ 69
2.2.
Katolicka parafia św. Marii Magdaleny
/ 81
2.3.
Ewangelicka parafia św. Krzyża
/ 86
VII.
ANALIZA SEZONOWOŚCI ZGONÓW
/ 95
VIII.
STATYSTYCZNA OCENA WPŁYWU ZMIENNYCH BIOLOGICZNYCH
I KULTUROWYCH NA UMIERALNOŚĆ
/ 107
1.
Test chi
kwadrat
/ 108
2.
Analiza czynnikowa
/ 114
3.
Analiza korespondencji
/ 116
IX.
UWAGI KOŃCOWE
/ 122
X.
LITERATURA
/ 125
XI. SUMMARY
/141
XII.
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES /
148
XIII.
ANEKS
/ 155
Bayerische )
Staatsbibliothek
München
I
XL SUMMARY
In the early years of the 19th century by a decision of the Prussian authorities
Po¬
znań
was turned into a fortress. This decision had an impact on the city s growth and
development over the next hundred years. As the city of
Poznań
was situated mere
60
kilometres away from the border with Russia at that time it was treated as an im¬
portant element in the Prussian defence system. The fortifications around
Poznań
were to prevent the possible danger from the side of Russian army invading Prussia
in case of an armed conflict
(Makowski
1992;
Wędzki
1994).
Turning
Poznań
into a fortress surrounded by walls seriously inhibited its spatial
development. The law of
1847
which prohibited settlement in the neighbourhood of
the city was an additional inhibitor. The small 50-hectare area within the fortifications
perimeter was in a large part in the hands of the military
(Wędzki
1994;
Zaleski 1
929
a,
b; Topolski
1973;
Topolski
&
Trzeciakowski
1994;
Trzeciakowska
&
Trzeciakowski
1987).
With time the city started to suffer due to lack of free space, and at the end of
the 19th century it was virtually suffocating within the enclosing walls. At that time
most of the European cities were experiencing a period of remarkable urban growth
and dynamic modernization. Unfortunately, owing to Prussian military plans, the
development of
Poznań
was at a standstill. The city suffered from a deficiency of in¬
frastructure. Until the mid
1
860s it had no modern water supply system, and the muni¬
cipal sewage system was built only at the end of the century. For these reasons, its po¬
pulation often suffered from outbreaks of epidemics and from flooding of the
Warta
river (Topolski
1973;
Trzeciakowska
&
Trzeciakowski
1987).
For years the City
Council
(Magistrat)
was making futile attempts to persuade the Prussian authorities to
demolish the walls and thus provide normal conditions for the city development. The
crowded and very densely built-up city was also at a very high risk of fire. In
1838
the authorities issued a number of ordinances pertaining to the construction of buil¬
dings, fire safety and health conditions. The regulations prohibited, for instance,
erection of wooden buildings and thatching of roofs. The technical and sanitary con¬
dition of the city streets was very poor, too. Road improvements were initiated as late
as in the middle of the 19th century, when walkways were paved and street gutters
were constructed (Dohnalowa
1994).
Confining the city within a small enclosed area
inhibited its demographic growth. The commencement of the fortification construc-
141
tion
works entailed a certain growth of the city s German population and influx of la¬
bourers from the local villages, however, the following years were difficult for the
local population. Hunger, repercussions of the wars waged in Europe, outbreaks of
epidemics, crop failures and natural disasters resulted in the decline of the city s po¬
pulation. In
1863
a considerable outflow of the Polish male population was noted.
Many men departed for the neighbouring Kingdom of Poland to participate in the
uprising against the Russian occupation. After
1867
the city s population started to
grow again. The main factor, which substantially determined the city s demographic
dynamics, was the population influx due to migration. After
1867
major barriers in¬
hibiting the influx of population from rural areas disappeared as all previously appli¬
cable charges for permanent residence registration were abolished. This triggered
a mass population movement into
Poznan.
After
1870
the demand for labour force
increased further. Along with industrial development the economic situation of the
city slowly started to improve.
Poznan
became an attractive destination for the popu¬
lation of Great Poland
(Wielkopolska)
rural areas looking for jobs. Due to the lack of
space in the overcrowded city centre, the incoming migrants settled mainly on its
outskirts
(Kędelski
1994;
Topolski
1973;
Trzeciakowska
&
Trzeciakowski
1987;
Zaleski 1929a, b).
Among the followers of various religions living in the
1
9th-century
Poznań,
Ca¬
tholics and Lutherans were the largest groups. The populations differed not only in
terms of religious denomination, nationality and language but also in terms of eco¬
nomic and professional status, and education level. Therefore, it may be presumed
that social, economic and religious differences had an impact on the style and qua¬
lity of life of both groups, which in turn translated into differences in the mortality
indices. As far as historical populations are concerned, the existence of a relation¬
ship between the death rate in a population and its religious denomination was indi¬
cated by numerous authors (Condran
&
Kramarow
1991;
Derosas
2003;
McQuil¬
lan
1999;
van Poppel
1992;
van Poppel
et. al
2002;
Kemkes-Grottenthaler 2003a,
b).
Through various norms, imperatives, prohibitions and values a certain distinctive
lifestyle of a religious community had developed, which eventually manifested it¬
self also in the community members personal health care and hygiene, care for
cleanliness of households, in certain methods of coping with infectious disease
outbreaks, and even in a specific attitude towards birth control. Differences in the
life styles of individual communities translated into differences in their demogra¬
phic dynamics, including mortality. The aim of this study is to show differences in
mortality among Catholics and Lutherans from
Poznań
in the second half of the
nineteenth century.
Two kinds of sources were used in this study:
1.
Original Prussian statistical yearbooks (Preussische
Statistik
1869-1875)
from which numbers of deaths
(N=17,289)
and births (N=
18,655)
in
Poznań
during
the period
1865-1874
were extracted.
2.
Parish death registers
(Libri
mortuorum) and parish birth registers
(Libri bap-
142
tisatorum) for the years
1855
to
1874,
deposited in the State Archives in
Poznan.
Re¬
cords for the two following Roman-Catholic parishes were used:
a) St. Maria
Magdalena
Parish, situated in elevated, free from flooding city centre,
characterized by a higher standard of living (N=
6893
deceased and
N=5770
births),
b) St. Margaret Parish, situated on the right bank of the
Warta
river, encompassing
districts of Chwaliszewo and
Środka
-
some of the poorest, exceptionally dilapidated
and lacking infrastructure districts of
Poznań
(N=5376
deceased and
N=4859
births).
The Lutheran parish chosen for the study was the Parish of St. Cross (Kreutzkir-
che)
(N=7589
deceased and
N=8088
births). At the beginning of its existence, the
parish of St. Cross encompassed the areas in the city centre and in particular, the di¬
stricts of
Grobla
and Garbary. In the second half of the 19th century St. Cross Parish
covered a much larger area in the city, and hence the variety of living conditions, re¬
sulting from different access to the city infrastructure in different places
(Kędelski
1994).
With time the parish grew to encompass also areas outside the administrative
bonders of
Poznań.
According to
Gemeindelexikon (1898)
in the second half of the
19th century St. Cross encompassed approximately
40
municipalities situated within
an average distance of several kilometres from
Poznan (in 1895
the number rose fur¬
ther up to
48
municipalities;
Gemeindelexikon 1898),
as it was extended to include
the villages situated near
Poznań
such as Czerwonak,
Głuszyna, Kiekrz, Kliny,
Ko-
ziegłowy, Krzesiny, Radojewo, Suchy
Las,
Skórzewo
and
Złotkowo.
Initially, on the basis of the above mentioned sources, a number of demographic
measures were estimated:
1.
The crude death rate (CDR), the crude birth rate
(CBR)
and the coefficient of
natural increase were estimated. The CDR relates the overall number of deaths to the
population size in a given period of time. The
CBR
expresses the number of births in
relation to the population size in the period under study. The coefficient of natural in¬
crease (r) was calculated as a difference between the crude birth rate and the crude
death rate
(Holzer 2003;
Pressât
1966).
Finally, the demographic dynamics rate as
the ratio of the number of births and the number of deaths was calculated.
2.
The infant death rate (IDR) expresses the ratio of mortality of children below
1
year of age to the total number of live births in a studied period
(Hölzer 2003;
Szulc
1951,1956).
It has two components: the neonatal death rate and the postneonatal de¬
ath rate. The neonatal death rate expresses the ratio of the number of deaths up to an
infant s 28th (sometimes to the 30th) day of life to the total number of live births. The
postneonatal death rate is a number of deaths among infants older than
28
days and
younger than one year of age, related to the number of live births
(Hölzer 2003).
Additionally, the perinatal rate was calculated. It expresses the ratio of numbers of
stillbirths and deaths of infants up to
7
days old to the total number of live births
and stillbirths (Lynch
&
Greenhouse
1994).
Intergroup differences in values of all
above mentioned measures were tested using
и
test (Oktaba
1976).
3.
Life tables were constructed for two model situations:
1 )
a stationary popula¬
tion model, based on an assumption that fertility and mortality balance each other
143
and that sex and age structure do not change with time,
2)
a stable population model,
making an allowance for the natural increase
(Acsádi
&
Nemeskéri
1970).
Intergro-
up differences in eo values were assessed using nomographs and tables of standard
errors for respective values
(Henneberg
&
Srzalko
1975).
4.
On the basis of the life table parameters the measures of the opportunity for
natural selection were calculated. One of them was the classical Crow s Index Im
(Crow
1958).
This index determines the proportion of a number of children who fai¬
led to live to reproductive age to the number of children who lived beyond reproduc¬
tive age. The Crow s index does not reflect the differences in adult death rates. More
complete information on mortality in a population is provided by the biological state
index Ibs
(Henneberg
1976;
Henneberg
&
Piontek
1975).
It reflects both mortality
among sexually immature individuals and among those at reproductive age. The bio¬
logical state index lbs has as its component the potential gross reproductive rate Rpot·
It is defined as a measure of opportunity for natural selection by differential mortali¬
ty of adult individuals
(Henneberg
1975, 1976).
5.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of death causes for the following age
groups was carried out:
0-Г
month; 2nd month
-
1st year;
2-14
years and
50
years
-
over. The significance of intergroup differences was assessed using the
и
test (Okta-
ba
1976).
6.
Seasonality of deaths and its causes were analysed for the material as a whole
and for the following selected age groups: 1st month
-
1st year and
50
years
-
over.
The occurrence of seasonality of deaths was assessed with the Chi-squared test (Bla-
lock
1977).
Differences between distributions of deaths of the studied populations
were assessed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Ballock
1977).
7.
Statistical assessment of the influence of both biological and cultural variables
on mortality was performed. Three methods were used: Chi squared test, factor ana¬
lysis, and correspondence analysis. The
STATISTICA
7,1
program was used.
8.
Finally, socio-occupational structure of deceased individuals was shown.
The values of
CBR
in all parishes were statistically insignificant (Table
4;
in the
Parishes of St. Margaret, St. Maria
Magdalena
and St. Cross respectively:
30,1; 33,7;
35,1)
while the values of CDR differed in all populations under study: the highest va¬
lue of CDR was noted in the Catholic Parish of St. Maria
Magdalena
(40,3
per
1,000
persons) and the lowest value
(27,3
per
1,000
persons) was observed in the Lutheran
Parish of St. Cross. In the poor Catholic Parish of St. Margaret the CDR value was
33,6
per
1,000
persons (Table
4).
The greatest natural increase was observed in the
Lutheran Parish of St. Cross (r=7,7%o), the smallest in the Catholic Parishes of
St. Maria
Magdalena
and St. Margaret (respectively:
-
6,6%o and -3,5%o). The demo¬
graphic dynamics was the smallest in both Catholic Parishes of St. Margaret and
St. Maria
Magdalena
(respectively:
0,86
and
0,84)
the highest in the Lutheran Parish
of St. Cross
(1,2;
Table
4).
The highest values of infant death rates and neonatal and postneonatal death rates
were obtained for the poor Catholic population of the St. Margaret Parish (IDR, neo-
144
natal
and postneonalal death
rates
respectively:
386,7; 114,7; 271,8
deaths per
1,000
live births; Table
5).
In turn, in the Catholic Parish of St. Maria
Magdalena,
living in
the more affluent city centre, the infant death rates and their components have the lo¬
west values (respectively:
265,3; 91,5; 173,9
deaths per
1,000
live births; Table
5).
In the Lutheran Parish of Si. Cross infant death rates and
neonata]
and postnconataJ
death rates reach significantly higher values than in the Parish of St. Maria
Magdale¬
na
but significantly lower than in the poor Catholic Parish of St. Margaret (respec¬
tively:
293,1; 99,1; 193,9
deaths per
1,000
live births; Table
5).
The presented infant death rates and their components in the Lutheran Parish of
St. Cross make it possible to capture the social stratification among the
19th-century
Lutherans from the city of
Poznań
and the surrounding rural region, depending on
the size of the place of residence. The infant death rate among the Lutherans from the
Poznań
city reached a very high level of
351,1
deaths per
1,000
live births and was
twice as high as the same rate obtained for the rural areas around
Poznań
(188,4
per
1,000
live births; Table
6).
Also neonatal and postneonatal death rates have much hi¬
gher values for Lutherans from the urban population of
Poznań
than for the surroun¬
ding rural population (respectively:
108,2; 243,0
and
70,3
and
118,1;
Table
6).
Perinatal mortality ranged between 83%o (the Catholic Parish of St. Maria
Mag¬
dalena)
and 101%o (the Lutheran Parish of St. Cross). In the poor Catholic Parish of
St.
Małgorzata
the value of perinatal mortality was at the level of 85%o (Figure
13).
Life tables show that the mortality situation in the Catholic Parish of St. Margaret
was the least favourable. Newborn life expectancy e0 was only
16,1
years, which was
8
years less than in the Catholic parish of St. Maria
Magdalena
(eo=24,6) and
12
years
less than in the Lutheran Parish of St. Cross (eo=28,O) (stable population model; Ta¬
ble
8,
Figure
15).
Parameter e0 for the Lutherans from
Poznań
and from rural areas is
respectively
28,51
years and
26,04
years (stable population
modei;
Table
10,
Figure
17).
The dramatically bad biological condition in the Catholic Parish of St. Margaret
was confirmed by the measures of opportunity for the natural selection (Table
12;
stable population model). The value of Crow s index Im was the highest in the Catho¬
lic Parish of St. Margaret (Im=2,47). The biological state index Ibs indicates a high
mortality of both children and adults during the period under study: only
24%
of sub¬
jects had a chance to fully participate in reproduction. A component value of the bio¬
logical state index, is the potential gross reproductive rate Rpot, in the Catholic Pansh
of St. Margaret was at the level of
83%.
In the Lutheran Parish of St. Cross, by con¬
trast, the Im index had the lowest value among all populations (Im=0,92) and
44%
of
population had a chance to participate fully in reproduction. The Rpot value was at the
level of
84%
(Table
12).
With regard to the values of measures of opportunity for
the natural selection in the Lutheran Parish of St. Cross a social stratification depen¬
ding on the size of the place of residence was captured (Table
14).
The Crow s index
Im has a lower value in
Poznań
(Im=O,88) than among the parishioners living outside
the city (Im=l,08) The biological state index Ibs values indicate that in the parish
s
urban and rural areas
45
and
40%
of population respectively had a chance to reproduce.
145
The values of the potential reproductive rate of Rpo, for
Poznan
and for the surrounding
rural areas were at a same level, respectively
85%
and
83%
(Table
14).
In all studied populations a high toll of deaths resulting from infectious diseases
(diphtheria, whooping cough, measles, smallpox, scarlet fever) was noticed (Figu¬
res:
18, 20, 22;
Table
15).
In the poor Catholic Parish of St. Margaret and in the Lu¬
theran Parish of St. Cross frequencies of deaths due to infectious disease are the hi¬
ghest (respectively:
11,8%
and
10,5%).
Similarly, the frequency of deaths resulting
from digestive system infections (diarrhoea, whopping cough) was also very high in
the three communities (in the parishes of St. Margaret, St. Maria
Magdalena
and
St. Cross respectively:
4,8; 6,6; 5,3%).
The parishes had also significantly higher
fraction of deaths due to tuberculosis. Deaths resulting from tuberculosis are the lo¬
west in the Parish of St. Cross
(12,9%),
the highest in both Catholic Parishes:
St. Margaret and St. Maria
Magdalena
(14,9%
and
15,7%
respectively) (Table
15).
The distribution of causes of death among Lutherans from the city of
Poznań
and
rural areas is not identical. Infectious diseases took a greater toll among the Lutheran
population from the rural areas than from
Poznań
(Figure
23;
Table
LI). Poznań
on
the other hand, was distinguished by a higher mortality due to neurological causes
(spasms), disease of circulatory system and due to tuberculosis (Table LI).
In all populations the maximum of deaths occurred in summer months (Figure
26)
and was caused by an increase in number of deaths of infants due to infectious
diseases and gastric infections (Figures:
27-29)
and elderly people due to cholera
(Figure
31).
Additional death peaks of people aged
50
years and over during winter
months appeared in the Catholic Parish of St. Maria
Magdalena
(Figure
32)
as well
as in the Lutheran Parish of St. Cross outside the city of
Poznań
(Figure
34),
and were
caused by an increased number of deaths resulting from diseases of circulatory sys¬
tem and respiratory system.
The Chi-squared analysis showed that such variables as historical period, reli¬
gious denomination, sex, month of death, place of residence, cause of death and
occupation of deceased (in the case of children
-
occupation of parents) influenced
age at death. Some of these relationships were confirmed by Spearman rank correla¬
tion (Tables:
20-30).
Moreover, the factor analysis extracted
3
groups of factors in¬
fluencing mortality: first factor-Denomination
&
Place of Residence, second factor
-
Sex, Age at Death
&
Causes of Death, commonly known as „Biological Factor
and the third factor
-
Occupation
-
known as „Social Factor . Together, the above-
mentioned factors were responsible for
50%
of variance (Tables:
32-33).
Finally, the
correspondence analysis provides information about the relationship between the ca¬
tegories of variables. Generally speaking, to define
1
dimension (described by
9,5%
of Inertia) the following two groups of variables were used:
1.
Lutheran denomination, man-made diseases, being a member of intelligentsia
and a group of business owners, productive period of life.
2.
Age of a child, being a girl, Catholic denomination from the city centre and in¬
fectious diseases.
146
The
2
dimension (described by
8,1%
of Inertia) was defined by the following two
variables:
1.
Catholic denomination, workers, death due to tuberculosis.
2.
Being a girl from a Lutheran family, deaths due to infectious diseases (Table
34-35;
Figure
36).
In other words, a following picture of the three populations emerged: Lutherans
were mainly represented by intelligentsia and business owners, and the main causes
of death among people during productive period of life were man-made diseases. Ca¬
tholics, by contrast, recruited mainly from lower social groups and were represented
by labourers and unskilled workers dying from tuberculosis. There was one group
common for both dimensions: the main reason for deaths among Catholics and Lu¬
therans were infectious diseases of infants and children.
In this study such demographic measures as crude death rate, infant death rate and
neonatal and postneonatal death rates as well as life table parameters and measures of
opportunity for natural selection indicated unfavourable biological condition and high
mortality among Catholics and Lutherans caused mainly by high infant and child mor¬
tality. The above presented insight into rates of mortality, values of life expectancy
and measures of the opportunity for natural selection reflect broadly understood eco¬
logical conditions in the
1
9th century
Poznań.
Then
Poznań
was overpopulated and
suffered from lack of infrastructure such as lack of clean water or insufficient sewage
system. The Lutherans from the St. Cross Parish, despite their better economic posi¬
tion, better education, and hence higher awareness were unable to cope with all infra¬
structure deficiencies
-
and as a result were unable to reduce the high infants and
children mortality.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Liczbińska, Grażyna |
| author_facet | Liczbińska, Grażyna |
| author_role | aut |
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| callnumber-subject | HB - Economic Theory and Demography |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)578908602 (DE-599)BVBBV036070165 |
| era | Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1800-1900 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Polen Poznań (Poland) Population History Posen (DE-588)4046868-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen Poznań (Poland) Population History Posen |
| id | DE-604.BV036070165 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:10:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788361845010 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018961450 |
| oclc_num | 578908602 |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 209, [1] s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Biblioteka Telgte |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Liczbińska, Grażyna Verfasser aut Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania Grażyna Liczbińska Poznań Biblioteka Telgte 2009 209, [1] s. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Statistik Mortality Poland Poznań History 19th century Statistics Religion and social status Poland Poznań Todesursache (DE-588)4060308-8 gnd rswk-swf Katholik (DE-588)4163454-8 gnd rswk-swf Protestant (DE-588)4130730-6 gnd rswk-swf Polen Poznań (Poland) Population History Posen (DE-588)4046868-9 gnd rswk-swf Posen (DE-588)4046868-9 g Katholik (DE-588)4163454-8 s Protestant (DE-588)4130730-6 s Todesursache (DE-588)4060308-8 s Geschichte 1800-1900 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018961450&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018961450&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Liczbińska, Grażyna Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania Geschichte Statistik Mortality Poland Poznań History 19th century Statistics Religion and social status Poland Poznań Todesursache (DE-588)4060308-8 gnd Katholik (DE-588)4163454-8 gnd Protestant (DE-588)4130730-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4060308-8 (DE-588)4163454-8 (DE-588)4130730-6 (DE-588)4046868-9 |
| title | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania |
| title_auth | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania |
| title_exact_search | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania |
| title_full | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania Grażyna Liczbińska |
| title_fullStr | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania Grażyna Liczbińska |
| title_full_unstemmed | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania Grażyna Liczbińska |
| title_short | Umieralność i jej uwarunkowania wśród katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludności historycznego Poznania |
| title_sort | umieralnosc i jej uwarunkowania wsrod katolickiej i ewangelickiej ludnosci historycznego poznania |
| topic | Geschichte Statistik Mortality Poland Poznań History 19th century Statistics Religion and social status Poland Poznań Todesursache (DE-588)4060308-8 gnd Katholik (DE-588)4163454-8 gnd Protestant (DE-588)4130730-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Statistik Mortality Poland Poznań History 19th century Statistics Religion and social status Poland Poznań Todesursache Katholik Protestant Polen Poznań (Poland) Population History Posen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018961450&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018961450&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liczbinskagrazyna umieralnoscijejuwarunkowaniawsrodkatolickiejiewangelickiejludnoscihistorycznegopoznania |