Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Poznań
Wydawn. Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza
2008
|
| Edition: | Wyd. 1. |
| Series: | Seria Historia / Uniwersytet Imienia Adama Mickiewicza <Poznań>
209 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T:: Russia in the political ideas of Władysław Studnicki Includes bibliographical references and indexes |
| Physical Description: | 314 p. ill. 24 cm |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Seria Historia / Uniwersytet Imienia Adama Mickiewicza <Poznań> |v 209 | |
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T:: Russia in the political ideas of Władysław Studnicki | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and indexes | ||
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Studnicki, Władysław / 1867-1953 |
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| 651 | 4 | |a Soviet Union / History | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Polen | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Sowjetunion | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Poland |x Foreign relations |y 1918-1945 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Poland |x Politics and government |y 1918-1945 | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804140785803722752 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | SPIS TREŚCI
Wstęp
.................................................................................................................................... 7
Rozdział I. Zarys biografii politycznej
............................................................................... 15
1.
W obozie socjalistycznym
................................................................................... 16
2.
W Stronnictwie Ludowym
................................................................................. 25
3.
W ruchu narodowo-demokratycznym
............................................................. 26
4.
Próba stworzenia własnej partii
......................................................................... 28
5.
Czołowa postać irredenty polskiej
..................................................................... 34
6.
Ku orientacji niemieckiej
..................................................................................... 40
7.
Przywódca orientacji proniemieckiej
................................................................. 43
8.
W
II
Rzeczypospolitej
......................................................................................... 50
9.
W czasie okupacji
................................................................................................ 57
10.
Po
II
wojnie
........................................................................................................... 70
Rozdział
II.
Odwieczny antagonista
-
miejsce Rosji w myśli politycznej Władysława
Studnickiego do roku
1918 ........................................................................................ 74
Rozdział III. Koncepcja granic Polski
-
problem granic wschodnich w ujęciu Włady¬
sława Studnickiego w latach
1918-1922 ...................................................................... 103
1.
Program linii granicznych na wschodzie
...................................................................... 103
2.
Stosunek do traktatu ryskiego
......................................................................................... 110
3.
Kolonizacja ziem wschodnich
.......................................................................................... 111
4.
Program asymilacji
............................................................................................................. 116
5.
Koncepcja decentralizacji
.................................................................................................. 118
6.
Kwestia granic zachodnich i południowych
................................................................ 124
Rozdział
IV.
Państwa bałtyckie
........................................................................................... 126
Rozdział
V.
Wobec Rosji Sowieckiej
.................................................................................. 140
Rozdział
VI.
Szukając rozwiązania. Idea współpracy polsko-niemieckiej jako pod¬
stawy bloku środkowoeuropejskiego
...................................................................... 149
Rozdział
VII.
W poszukiwaniu sojusznika przeciwko Rosji. Stosunek do Hitlera
і ПІ
Rzeszy
.................................................................................................................... 160
5
Rozdział
VUL
O bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne
II
Rzeczypospolitej
.............................. 184
1.
Rozważania ustrojowe
.......................................................................................... 184
2.
Ocena rządów przedmajowych
........................................................................... 188
3.
Wobec zamachu majowego
.................................................................................. 191
4.
Projekt konstytucji decentralistycznej
................................................................. 194
5.
Program dla młodzieży, sprawa młodego pokolenia
....................................... 201
6.
O nowy program gospodarczy
............................................................................ 203
7.
Stosunek do reformy rolnej
.................................................................................. 206
8.
Konstruktywna opozycja
(1935-1939) ................................................................ 208
9.
Mniejszości narodowe
........................................................................................... 217
10.
Próba oceny
............................................................................................................ 225
Rozdział
IX.
W okresie
II
wojny światowej
...................................................................... 228
1.
Szukanie drogi ratunku w pierwszych miesiącach okupacji
............................ 228
2.
Internowanie
............................................................................................................ 233
3.
W oczekiwaniu wojny niemiecko-sowieckiej. Ocena okupacji sowieckiej
...... 236
4.
Po
22
czerwca
1941
r
............................................................................................... 242
5.
Wobec ponownego zagrożenia sowieckiego
....................................................... 245
Rozdział
X.
Na emigracji
..................................................................................................... 252
1.
Wobec sytuacji powojennej
.
W nadziei na III wojnę światową
........................ 252
2.
O bezpieczeństwo Europy i o federację europejską
........................................... 264
3.
Oceny rosyjskiego komunizmu i jego źródeł
..................................................... 268
4.
Ukraina, Litwa i Białoruś
....................................................................................... 272
5.
Problem zachodnich granic Polski
....................................................................... 277
Zakończenie
......................................................................................................................... 283
Bibliografía
........................................................................................................................... 289
Wykaz skrótów
................................................................................................................... 303
Indeks nazwisk
................................................................................................................... 305
Russia in the political ideas of
Władysław
Srudnicki (Summary)
................................ 310
RUSSIA IN THE POLITICAL IDEAS
OP
WŁADYSŁAW STUDNICKI
Summary
Władysław Studnicki
(his full name was Studnicki-Gizbert, but he actually did not
use his second surname) was without any doubt one of a group of founders of the Polish
political thought. He was also one of the best-known and most controversial publicists of
the first half of the 20th century. Srudnicki s political conceptions, although they remained
in the sphere of theory and have never been carried out, deserve attention due to their
originality and exceptionality. This was so mostly because both before
1918
and after inde¬
pendence had been regained by Poland, they were widely although usually critically re¬
ceived in Polish society. They also evoked interest abroad, particularly in Germany.
In spite of all this Studnicki has not had his full political biography yet. After World
War II Polish historiography had not dealt with him in more detail for a long time. It was
Włodzimierz Suleja
who was the first to pay more attention to him, however, until
1989
historical literature on him was rather modest, especially when compared with rich politi¬
cal writings of Studnicki himself.
The situation changed in recent years when in the independent Republic studies by
Jacek
Gzella appeared as well as a number of articles written on Studnicki by Gzella,
W. Suleja and A. Piskozub as well as by the author of this monograph. However, Stud-
nicki s activities after the outbreak of World War II have not yet been sufficiently presented
in historiography. This particularly concerns the time after the war when Studnicki emi¬
grated first to Italy and then to England. Several of Studnicki s works have been re-
published including his
fundamental
study System
polityczny Europy
а
Polska
[European
political system and Poland] and the very prophetic work
Wobec nadchodzącej II wojny
światowej
[In the face of the imminent World War II]. The growing interest in Studnicki s
contribution should not astonish anybody since he was truly a Titan of political thought
and one of Polish outstanding representatives of geopolitics, which after the disman¬
tling of the Communist bloc and the fall of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and in
the independent Poland integrating with the Euroatlantic structures, became timely
again. In recent years Studnicki s political thought has appeared to be very topical, con¬
sidering the process of European integration which was one of his postulates, the neces¬
sity of the Polish-German reconcilliation or the need for a new definition of the place of
Poland in Europe, particularly relations of Poland with its eastern neighbour
-
Russia
which occupied a key position in his political system. And although Studnicki s attitude
to Russia used to be very one-sided, still some of his reflections are worth pondering
310
even today. A question remains open how much they were correct and to what a degree
they are still open today.
Sources for the present book are first of all the very rich contribution of Studnicki
in the form of
memoires,
studies, political brochures and numerous articles published in
papers and journals. The present author also used archival materials which have been
published such as the stenographic records of W. Studnicki s trials at court, his published
memorials and letters. The author also reached for manuscripts in the National Library in
Warsaw and archives kept at the
Józef Piłsudski
Institute of America in New York.
This was the source basis for this author to attempt to reconstruct Studnicki s attitude
to Russia and to the question of the fight for independence first and then to assure secu¬
rity which, according to him, was dangerously threatened by the eastern neighbour of
the Second Republic of Poland.
The book consists of ten chapters. The first chapter presents an outline of W. Stud¬
nicki s political biography. The next chapters, which deal with the main subject of the
work, were arranged according to subject matter. So Chapter Two deals with the place of
Russia in Studnicki s political thought until Poland regained independence, Chapter
Three discusses his conception of boundaries of the reborn country, i.e. fights to rejoin
to the Second Republic the Eastern borderland in order to redraw the optimal shape of
Polish borders. Chapter Four is devoted to the problem of Baltic states and their role in
the Polish-Soviet relations. Studnicki focused his attention on this problem in the middle
of the 20s of the 20th century. Chapter Five is concerned with the threat from Soviet
Russia, Chapter Six contains an analysis of the project proposed by Studnicki of the
political reconstruction of Europe consisting in the formation of the Central European
bloc as a remedy against the menace on the part of the Soviet Union. In Chapter Seven
the author discusses expectations concerning realisation of this project through an alli¬
ance of Poland with Nazi Germany. Chapter Eight deals with the question of internal
security of the Second Republic of Poland. In this chapter are discussed proposals of re¬
forms of the political system as presented by Studnicki and his attitude to socio-econo¬
mic issues and to national minorities. Chapter Nine concerns the time of World War II
and attempts made by Studnicki to turn a Polish-German agreement against the USSR.
In Chapter Ten is analysed the last period of Studnicki s life when he was an emigrant in
the context of his evaluation of the Soviet domination over the Central and Eastern
Europe and the ways he considered that would lead to the liberation of this region from
this domination.
His attitude to Russia played the main role in the formation of Studnicki s views.
As a representative of the generation of Poles from the borderland who were born after the
January Uprising of
1863,
he severely experienced the anti-Polish policies of the Russian
Empire. His initial hopes that the czarate would be toppled in actions executed together
with Russian revolutionaries were extinguished after he got acquainted with them more
closely during the several years he was in exile in Siberia. Studnicki distanced himself
from Russian revolutionaries as he found in their attitude some distinct elements of the
Great Russian nationalism and imperialism. After his return from exile, Studnicki went
through a turbulent period of political evolution in which his growing conviction about
the fundamental Polish-Russian antagonism led him to a radical change of his political
beliefs and turned him from the socialist positions to the nationalist ones.
He accepted that for the survival and development of the Polish nation it was in¬
dispensable to regain its own state, and as the main obstacle to achieve this he considered
311
Russia which dominated the greater part of the old territories of the Republic. Since he
knew perfectly well the country of the czars, Studnicki saw it just as the main opponent
to defeat whom Poles needed allies. At the beginning he was searching for such allies
amongst other nations oppressed by the czarate, he looked hopefully at the growing
Russian-Japanese conflict in the Far East, but his hopes were mainly pinned on Austro-
Hungary which was threatened by the Russian
Panslavism.
He also looked more and
more favourably in the direction of Germany and ultimately as early as after the out¬
break of World War I he considered it to be the main ally in the fight against Russia. He
attempted to carry out a programme of establishing an independent Polish state based on
alliance with Germany, which would be formed from the territories taken from Russia
during the whole World War I when his anti-Russian attitude pushed him towards tak¬
ing a decidedly
Germanophilie
stance, which in him took a form of unshakeable dogma
concerning the necessity of close Polish-German cooperation. According to Studnicki,
only this cooperation might guarantee the foundation of the Polish state which would
reach far into the east and encompass eastern lands of the former Republic of Poland as
far as the Berezyna [Bierezina] and
Dźwina
[Dvina].
His conviction that only Poland along with its eastern borderland would have a chance
of economic and demographic development, finding there opportunities for colonisation
of the overpopulated villages of the Polish ethnographic territories, became a permanent
element of Studnicki s conception and at the same time he strongly emphasised the role
of these areas in Polish history and culture. The development of these areas by Poles was
to him a historical cultural mission which would be carried out on behalf of the whole
European civilisation threatened there by the influence of the half Asiatic Russia.
During the twenty years between the two world wars and after Poland had re¬
gained independence, Studnicki focused his attention on the question of its solidifica¬
tion and strengthening. At that time he thought that the Russian menace was still immi¬
nent, and was even greater after the bolshevik revolution since Russian communists
tried in various ways to destabilise the Polish state, taking advantage of economic diffi¬
culties and fomenting discontent of the numerous national minorities of the Republic of
Poland. The main idea of Studnicki s political activity at that time was to address the
question of how to ensure security of the Polish state. The greatest value was for him
own state as an organisation of the life of the nation. He saw the power of the state in its
internal unity and in efficient economic organisation. He considered hereditary monar¬
chy as the most proper form of political system and best adapted to Polish conditions. In
view of no chance of introducing it in the then political situation, he proposed as a sub¬
stitute to found the political system of Poland on a strong power of President
-
Head of
State, combined with limitation to the minimum of the competences of Parliament as
well as a far reaching decentralisation. At the same time he spoke in favour of the revi¬
sion of the voting system through restriction of the universal voting right. These steps,
leading to the restriction of the rights of national minorities, were to ensure the domi¬
nant position in the state to Poles and to strengthen Polish gentry whom Studnicki con¬
sidered to be the mainstay of Polishness in the eastern borderland. Defending the privi¬
leged position of the gentry, he challenged any proposals of land reform based on
obligatory plotting of great landed estates. Instead, he postulated colonisation of the
eastern borderland for agricutural purposes which would be based on private enterprise.
Studnicki was against all the sudden economic and social changes as well as of a direct
interference of the state in the economic life of the country. Fighting projects of more
312
thorough social reform and conceptions of state control, he was opposed to totalitarian
tendencies which started appearing since the middle of the 30s among the political pow¬
ers ruling Poland. A constant feature of Studnicki s views was nationalism expressed
chiefly in his attitude to the question of national minorities. Considering their great
number as a factor which weakened the internal unity of Poland, he postulated that
varied policies should be implemented in relation to each of the minorities, thus not
allowing them to consolidate. Namely, he postulated a quick Polonisation of Bielorus-
sians and part of Ukrainians as well as emigration of the majority of Jewish population.
And as far as Germans were concerned, he proposed a far-reaching tolerance, consider¬
ing it to be a way to earn their loyalty and of their gradual assimilation.
Reasoning in geopolitical categories, and despite the defeat of the conception of re¬
construction of Poland in close relation with Germany, Studnicki did not rethink after
1918
his conviction about the need of Polish-German cooperation. He only tried to adapt
it to the new situation. He considered Russia to be the greatest enemy of the independ¬
ence of Poland, no matter what its political system was. Studnicki s extreme hostility
towards the USSR was by no means the result of his anti-Sovietism. It was expressed in
his belief that there was an insurmountable antagonism between Poland and Russia due
to the geopolitical, historical, cultural and civilisational reasons. The point of departure
of Studnicki s conception was his conviction that Poland had a historical mission in the
East of Europe and that attempts should be made to regain the whole of the historical
heritage of the former Republic of Poland. And Studnicki was right to think that due to
its geopolitical interests, every Russian state must stand against this attempt, indepen¬
dent of the form of its political system, and that the only ally of Poland against the USSR
could be Germany which had an enormous economic potential.
He thought that every Russian state is bound to try to take away from Poland its
eastern borderland which was indispensable for the development of Poland. And his
view was that the USSR, due to its revolutionary ideology, was a threat to the whole
territory of the Second Republic of Poland. Studnicki considered the USSR to be the most
aggressive and militarised state in the world whose expansionist drive in Europe was
most of all directed against Poland. He thought that in the long run Poland was too weak
to oppose this threat by itself. Wishing to base Poland s security on real foundations
which
-
according to him
-
could not be offered by France vastly weakened in World
War I, or England which had always been indifferent to Poland, he postulated Polish-
German cooperation. According to him, this choice was determined by the very shape of
borders between Poland and Germany, which made these countries face the dilemma:
either friendly relations and mutually profitable cooperation or an antagonism destruc¬
tive to both of them. In the latter case, Poland would meet a catastrophe, and would find
itself in the face of conflict in the East and in the West. Also Germany s antagonism with
Poland might have been dangerous. And, according to Studnicki, cooperation might
have brought them not only economic profits, but also make it possible for them to ob¬
tain a position of a local power, superpower and may be even hegemony in the world
through creation of a Central European bloc.
This bloc, the basis of which would be a Polish-German alliance, would at the same
time give Poland the guarantee of security and favourable conditions for economic deve¬
lopment. The extreme anti-Russian attitude and a belief that there was a need of a Polish-
German alliance were the pillars of the conception of foreign policies as interpreted by
Studnicki. Moreover, he also voiced his distrust of the French and British foreign policy
313
as well as emphasised an hostile attitude to Poland of Czechoslovakia and Lithuania,
and even of Latvia, and at the same time proposed tightening of relations with Hungary
and Rumania. He also postulated cooperation with Japan, which would be turned against
the USSR.
Studnicki s political views were closest to the widely understood conservatism, to
be more precise to the circle of Vilnius conservatives who were centred around
Słowo
[The Word]. He closely collaborated with this daily during the whole time of its existence.
Initially, he differed from this circle in his attitude to federalism and
Józef
Pilsudski s
actions concerning the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Among other
things, Studnicki s different attitude was also emphasised by his openly proclaimed natio¬
nalism expressed chiefly in the conception of assimilation of Bielorussian population and
in his dogmatic Germanophilia. With the exception of the reaction to his ideas by his
closest political friends, Studnicki s views were usually critically received by the Polish
public opinion, which in particular rejected his conceptions of Polish-German cooperation.
Studnicki s political activity was almost exclusively limited to his publicist appear¬
ances and he was not able to gain permanent acceptance of his ideas by a group of people
who would be capable of implementing them. Studnicki s strong attachment to his own
conceptions, which was accompanied by an excess of his detailed ideas, which were some¬
times contradictory to one another was not conducive to him to have a following. He was
not able to win followers as he alienated people because of his aggressiveness, impul¬
sive behaviour and lack of ability to reach compromise. On the other hand, his deeply
ideological motives, courage and personal honesty were not questioned, and this was
acknowledged even by his political opponents.
He did not change his view concerning the necessity of cooperation with Germany
and the fundamental Polish-Russian hostility even during World War II when he was
convinced about the need to save the Polish national substance and tried to lead to Pol¬
ish-German cooperation directed against the USSR, however, without success. He was
not successful when he was trying to convince representatives of various bodies of the
Third Reich about the need of changing anti-Polish policies in the name of cooperation
directed against the bolshevik Russia. Studnicki remained faithful to his convictions also
when an emigrant after the war when he persistently upheld his conviction that there
was a necessity to regain the eastern territories and to the Riga boundary in the East and
he opposed to incorporation to Poland of the German territories on the Oder and the
Lusatian
Neisse. He considered granting them to Poland as Stalin s act the aim of which
was to ultimately antagonise Germany and Poland, at the same time making it depend¬
ent on the USSR as a guarantee of the Polish western border. Until the end of his life,
Studnicki hoped that the Yalta order would soon be given up by the Third World War
between the USA and Western countries and the USSR.
He thought that the defeat of the USSR would return to Poland its former boundary
in the East, which along with the simultaneous resignation from whatever would be
gained in the West would make it possible for Poland together with Hungary and Ru¬
mania to become an eastern pillar of the union of European countries whose economic
foundation would be the united Germany.
The failure of Studnicki s ideas both those concerning foreign policy of the Second
Republic of Poland and of his endeavours to make Germans change their policies in
relation to the occupied Poland did not matter and oftentimes he was right in his views
on many specific problems. With a great measure of perspicacity, he was capable of
314
predicting the course of events in Europe and he was also well aware of the differences
between the power of Poland and Germany.
And although the extreme character and uniqueness of his political views marginal¬
ised Studnicki s importance both at the time of the Second Republic and during the
German occupation as well as his post-World War II years as an emigrant, his contribu¬
tion into the formation of the Polish political life was so important that without him the
picture of Polish political thought would be both incomplete and much poorer.
Translated by
Andrzej Pietrzak
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Figura, Marek |
| author_facet | Figura, Marek |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Figura, Marek |
| author_variant | m f mf |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035826101 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DK4395 |
| callnumber-raw | DK4395.S78 |
| callnumber-search | DK4395.S78 |
| callnumber-sort | DK 44395 S78 |
| callnumber-subject | DK - Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republics, Poland |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)383860628 (DE-599)BVBBV035826101 |
| edition | Wyd. 1. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Soviet Union / Politics and government Soviet Union / History Polen Sowjetunion Poland Foreign relations 1918-1945 Poland Politics and government 1918-1945 Soviet Union Foreign relations Soviet Union Politics and government |
| geographic_facet | Soviet Union / Politics and government Soviet Union / History Polen Sowjetunion Poland Foreign relations 1918-1945 Poland Politics and government 1918-1945 Soviet Union Foreign relations Soviet Union Politics and government |
| id | DE-604.BV035826101 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:05:30Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018684745 |
| oclc_num | 383860628 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 314 p. ill. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Wydawn. Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Seria Historia / Uniwersytet Imienia Adama Mickiewicza <Poznań> |
| spelling | Figura, Marek Verfasser aut Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego Marek Figura Wyd. 1. Poznań Wydawn. Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza 2008 314 p. ill. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Seria Historia / Uniwersytet Imienia Adama Mickiewicza <Poznań> 209 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T:: Russia in the political ideas of Władysław Studnicki Includes bibliographical references and indexes Studnicki, Władysław / 1867-1953 Studnicki, Władysław <1867-1953> Studnicki, Władysław 1867-1953 (DE-588)119258129 gnd rswk-swf Außenpolitik Geschichte Politik Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd rswk-swf Soviet Union / Politics and government Soviet Union / History Polen Sowjetunion Poland Foreign relations 1918-1945 Poland Politics and government 1918-1945 Soviet Union Foreign relations Soviet Union Politics and government Studnicki, Władysław 1867-1953 (DE-588)119258129 p Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 s DE-604 Uniwersytet Imienia Adama Mickiewicza <Poznań> Seria Historia 209 (DE-604)BV037487956 209 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018684745&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018684745&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Figura, Marek Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego Studnicki, Władysław / 1867-1953 Studnicki, Władysław <1867-1953> Studnicki, Władysław 1867-1953 (DE-588)119258129 gnd Außenpolitik Geschichte Politik Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)119258129 (DE-588)4051053-0 |
| title | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego |
| title_auth | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego |
| title_exact_search | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego |
| title_full | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego Marek Figura |
| title_fullStr | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego Marek Figura |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego Marek Figura |
| title_short | Rosja w myśli politycznej Władysława Studnickiego |
| title_sort | rosja w mysli politycznej wladyslawa studnickiego |
| topic | Studnicki, Władysław / 1867-1953 Studnicki, Władysław <1867-1953> Studnicki, Władysław 1867-1953 (DE-588)119258129 gnd Außenpolitik Geschichte Politik Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Studnicki, Władysław / 1867-1953 Studnicki, Władysław <1867-1953> Studnicki, Władysław 1867-1953 Außenpolitik Geschichte Politik Russlandbild Soviet Union / Politics and government Soviet Union / History Polen Sowjetunion Poland Foreign relations 1918-1945 Poland Politics and government 1918-1945 Soviet Union Foreign relations Soviet Union Politics and government |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018684745&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018684745&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV037487956 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT figuramarek rosjawmyslipolitycznejwładysławastudnickiego |