Risk analysis of water pollution:
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| Previous Title: | Ganoulis, Jacques Engineering risk analysis of water pollution |
|---|---|
| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Weinheim
WILEY-VCH-Verl.
2009
|
| Edition: | 2., rev. and expanded ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3112962&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 311 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9783527321735 |
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| adam_text |
Titel: Risk analysis of water pollution
Autor: Ganoulis, Jacques
Jahr: 2009
VII
Contents
Preface to the Second Edition XIII
Preface to the First Edition XV
1 Water Resources: Quantity and Quality 1
1.1 Water Pollution and Risk Analysis 3
1.1.1 A Systemic View of Water Resources 4
1.1.1.1 Examples of Application 5
1.1.2 The New Paradigm of Water Quality 7
1.1.2.1 Human Well-being and Health 9
1.1.2.2 Ecological Impacts and Biodiversity 9
1.1.2.3 Fishing and Oyster Farming 10
1.1.2.4 Tourism 10
1.1.2.5 Algal and Chlorophyllic Photosynthesis 12
1.1.2.6 Zooplankton Growth 13
1.1.2.7 Bacteria 13
1.1.3 Integrated Water Resources Management 13
1.2 Water Pollution in Transboundary Regions 18
1.2.1 The UNECE Convention (Helsinki, 1992) 19
1.3 The EU Water Framework Directive 19
1.4 Uncertainties in Water Resources Management 21
1.5 Environmental Risk Assessment and Management 23
1.6 Aim and Organisation of the Book 25
1.7 Questions and Problems - Chapter 1 28
1 Risk Identification 31
2.1 Definition of Risk 32
2.2 Typology of Risks and the Precautionary Principle 38
2.2.1 Unacceptable versus Acceptable Risks 38
2.2.2 Controllable versus Uncontrollable Risks 39
2.2.3 Gradual versus Sudden Risks 39
2.2.4 The Precautionary Principle 40
Risk Analysis of Water Pollution: Second, Rei'ixd and Expanded Edition. Jacques Ganoiiits
Copyright E 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA. Wemheim
ISBN: 978-3-527-32173-5
VIII Contents
2.3 Uncertainties in Water Pollution Problems 41
2.3.1 Aleatory Uncertainties or Randomness 43
2.3.2 Epistemic or Man-induced Uncertainties 43
2.4 Water Quality Specifications 46
2.4.1 Water Quality Standards 46
2.4.2 Effluent Standards 49
2.5 Probabilistic Risk and Reliability 49
2.6 Fuzzy Risk and Reliability 51
2.7 Questions and Problems - Chapter 2 53
3 Risk Quantification 55
3.1 Stochastic Approach 56
3.1.1 Direct Evaluation 56
3.1.1.1 Margin of Safety 59
3.1.1.2 The Safety Factor 62
3.1.2 Second-Moment Formulation 64
3.1.3 Frequency Analysis of Data 66
3.1.3.1 Probability Distribution of Extremes 71
3.1.3.2 Analysis of Frequency 72
3.1.4 Stochastic Modelling 77
3.1.4.1 Deterministic Modelling 78
3.1.4.2 Stochastic Modelling 80
3.1.5 Monte Carlo Simulation 83
3.2 Fuzzy Set Theory 87
3.2.1 Fuzzy Regression 87
3.2.1.1 Fuzzy Regression as an Extension of Interval Analysis
3.2.1.2 Statistical Regression 88
3.2.1.3 Interval Regression 89
3.2.1.4 Fuzzy Regression 90
3.2.2 Fuzzy Modelling 95
3.3 Time Dependence and System Risk 96
3.3.1 Failure and Reliability Functions 96
3.3.2 Failure Rate and Hazard Function 98
3.3.3 Expected life 99
3.3.4 System Risk and Reliability 101
3.3.4.1 Series Systems 101
3.3.4.2 Parallel Systems 103
3.4 Questions and Problems - Chapter 3 104
4 Risk Assessment of Environmental Water Quality 109
4.1 Risk in Coastal Water Pollution 110
4.1.1 Uncertainties in Coastal Water Quality Processes 110
4.1.2 Mathematical Modelling 113
4.1.2.1 Molecular Diffusion 114
4.1.2.2 Turbulent Diffusion 118
Contents IX
4.1.2.3 Turbulent Dispersion 120
4.1.2.4 Growth Kinetics 121
4.1.2.5 Coastal Circulation 125
4.1.3 Random Walk Simulation 128
4.1.4 Dispersion by Wind-generated Currents 134
4.2 Risk in River Water Quality 136
4.2.1 Introduction 336
4.2.2 Mathematical Modelling and Simulation 137
4.2.2.1 Physically Based Mathematical Models 137
4.2.2.2 Numerical Simulation 140
4.2.3 Time Series of Water Quality Data 142
4.2.4 Risk Assessment 142
4.3 Risk in Groundwater Contamination 145
4.3.1 Importance of Groundwater Resources 146
4.3.1.1 Groundwater in the Hydrological Cycle 146
4.3.1.2 Steps in Groundwater Development 147
4.3.2 Properties and Field Investigation of Groundwater Systems 149
4.3.2.1 Water in Geological Formations 149
4.3.2.2 Space and Time Scales 152
4.3.3 Aquifer Hydraulic Properties 154
4.3.3.1 Scale Effects 154
4.3.3.2 Measurements and Field Investigations 357
4.3.4 Conceptual and Mathematical Models 158
4.3.4.1 Conceptual Models and Flow Equations 158
4.3.4.2 Analytical Solutions 360
4.3.5 Spatial Variability and Stochastic Modelling 163
4.3.5.1 Uncertainties in Aquifer Contamination Studies 363
4.3.5.2 Stochastic Description 264
4.3.6 Risk Assessment of Groundwater Pollution 366
4.3.6.1 Immiscible Fluids 166
4.3.6.2 Solute Transport and Random Walks 169
4.4 Questions and Problems - Chapter 4 172
5 Risk Management 173
5.1 Performance Indices and Figures of Merit 173
5.2 Objective Functions and Optimisation 375
5.2.1 Economic Optimisation under Certainty and under Risk 275
5.2.2 Optimisation Methods 279
5.2.2.1 Mathematical Programming 180
5.2.3 Discontinuous Decision Problems 184
5.3 Basic Decision Theory 288
5.3.1 Main Elements of Decision Making 288
5.3.1.1 Decision under Certainty 190
5.3.1.2 Decision under Risk 391
5.3.1.3 Decision under Uncertainty or Imprecision 393
X Contents
5.3.1.4 Decision under Conflict 191
5.3.2 Decision Criteria 191
5.3.2.1 Decision Making under Uncertainty 191
5.3.2.2 Decision Making under Risk 193
5.3.3 Baye's Analysis and Value of Information 194
5.3.3.1 Perfect Information 195
5.3.3.2 Imperfect Information 195
5.4 Elements of the Utility Theory 197
5.5 Multi-objective Decision Analysis 198
5.5.1 Feasible, Non-dominated and Efficient Solutions 201
5.5.2 Solution Procedures and Typology of MCDA Techniques 202
5.6 Questions and Problems - Chapter 5 203
6 Case Studies 205
6.1 Coastal Pollution: the Thermaikos Gulf (Macedonia, Greece) 206
6.1.1 Description of the Thermaikos Gulf 207
6.1.2 Water Circulation Patterns 211
6.1.3 Water Quality Assessment 212
6.1.4 Risk of Pollution under Climate Change 219
6.1.4.1 Temperature and Climate Change 219
6.1.4.2 Monte Carlo Simulation 221
6.2 River Water Quality: the Axios River (Macedonia, Greece) 226
6.2.1 Present Situation 226
6.2.1.1 Axios River 227
6.2.2 Mathematical Modelling 229
6.3 Groundwater Pollution: the Campaspe Aquifer (Victoria, Australia) 231
6.3.1 The Study Area 232
6.3.2 Risk of Salinisation 235
6.3.2.1 Groundwater Hydrodynamics 235
6.3.2.2 Random Walk Simulation 235
Appendix A: The Probabilistic Approach 241
A.I Basic Probability 241
A.2 The Multiplicative Law 243
A. 3 Statistical Independence 244
A.4 Rare Events 244
A.5 Theorem of Total Probability 246
A.6 Bayes' Theorem 246
A.7 Random Variables 248
A.7.1 Discrete Random Variables 249
A.7.2 Continuous Random Variables 251
A.8 Expectation, Variance and Standard Deviation 251
A.9 Derived Distributions 252
A. 10 Two-dimensional Distributions 254
A.ll Functions of Random Vectors 254
Contents XI
A. 11.1 Sum of Random Variables 254
A. 11.2 Difference of Random Variables 255
A. 11.3 Product of Random Variables 256
A. 11.4 Ratio of Random Variables 257
Appendix B: The Fuzzy Set Theory 259
B.I Basic Definitions 259
B.2 Fuzzy Sets 260
B.3 h-Level Sets, Normal and Convex Fuzzy Sets 266
B.4 Fuzzy Numbers 266
B.4.1 L-R Representation of a Fuzzy Number 268
B.4.2 Triangular and Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers 268
B.4.3 Support and h-Level of a Fuzzy Number 269
B.5 Cartesian Product 270
B.6 Extension Principle 271
B.7 Arithmetic Operations on Fuzzy Numbers as Extension
of Interval Analysis 272
B.8 Arithmetic Operations on Intervals 272
B.8.1 Addition and Subtraction of Intervals 273
B.8.2 Multiplication and Division of Intervals 273
B.8.3 Addition of Fuzzy Numbers 274
B.8.4 Subtraction of Fuzzy Numbers 275
B.8.5 Multiplication of Fuzzy Numbers 275
B.8.6 Division of Fuzzy Numbers 276
B.8.7 Minimum and Maximum of Fuzzy Numbers 276
B.8.8 Mean and Width of Fuzzy Numbers 278
B.8.9 Convolution of Fuzzy Numbers 278
Appendix C: Hints for Answering Questions and Solutions to Problems 279
C.I Answers to Questions and Problems - Chapter 1 279
C.2 Answers to Questions and Problems - Chapter 2 283
C.3 Answers to Questions and Problems - Chapter 3 286
C.4 Answers to Questions and Problems - Chapter 4 289
C.5 Answers to Questions and Problems - Chapter 5 290
References 293
Index 301 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| discipline | Soziologie Geographie |
| edition | 2., rev. and expanded ed. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Ganoulis, Jacques 1945- Verfasser (DE-588)113006373 aut Risk analysis of water pollution Jacques Ganoulis 2., rev. and expanded ed. Weinheim WILEY-VCH-Verl. 2009 XVI, 311 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Risikoanalyse (DE-588)4137042-9 gnd rswk-swf Wasserverschmutzung (DE-588)4189299-9 gnd rswk-swf Wasserverschmutzung (DE-588)4189299-9 s Risikoanalyse (DE-588)4137042-9 s DE-604 1. Auflage Ganoulis, Jacques Engineering risk analysis of water pollution http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3112962&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://www.gbv.de/dms/weimar/toc/568497104_toc.pdf lizenzfrei Inhaltsverzeichnis HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018632270&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ganoulis, Jacques 1945- Risk analysis of water pollution Risikoanalyse (DE-588)4137042-9 gnd Wasserverschmutzung (DE-588)4189299-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4137042-9 (DE-588)4189299-9 |
| title | Risk analysis of water pollution |
| title_auth | Risk analysis of water pollution |
| title_exact_search | Risk analysis of water pollution |
| title_full | Risk analysis of water pollution Jacques Ganoulis |
| title_fullStr | Risk analysis of water pollution Jacques Ganoulis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk analysis of water pollution Jacques Ganoulis |
| title_old | Ganoulis, Jacques Engineering risk analysis of water pollution |
| title_short | Risk analysis of water pollution |
| title_sort | risk analysis of water pollution |
| topic | Risikoanalyse (DE-588)4137042-9 gnd Wasserverschmutzung (DE-588)4189299-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Risikoanalyse Wasserverschmutzung |
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