The law of commerce in South Africa:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cape Town
Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa
2009
|
| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Series: | Commercial law
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 400 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780195985825 |
Staff View
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV035366183 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20100205 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 090312s2009 xx |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9780195985825 |9 978-0-1959-8582-5 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)552128271 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV035366183 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-M382 |a DE-703 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 346.6807 | |
| 084 | |a PU 7880 |0 (DE-625)140700: |2 rvk | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The law of commerce in South Africa |c Johan Scott (consulting ed.) ... |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cape Town |b Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 400 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Commercial law | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Commercial law - South Africa | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Scott, Johan |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017170172 | |
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1820867817776349184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents
List of contributors
xii
Acknowledgements
xiv
Preface
xv
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION TO THE SOUTH AFRICAN LEGAL SYSTEM
-
Tracy Humby
1
1
The relevance of law
2
1.1
The purpose and function of law in a society
3
1.2
Law and commercial activity
3
2
Fundamental concepts
5
2.1
Law
5
2.2
Jurisprudence
6
2.3
The state and the rule of law
6
2.4
Legal relationships
11
2.5
Legal liability: criminal and civil (contractual,
delictual
and unjust enrichment)
14
2.6
Legal personality
16
3
Sources of law
16
3.1
The Constitution
17
3.2
Legislation
20
3.3
Judicial precedent
23
3.4
Other sources of legal authority
25
4
Categories of law
26
4.1
The traditional categorisation of legal subjects
27
4.2
Bringing different categories of law together in practical problem-solving
28
5
Litigation, the court system and legal professionals
29
5.1
Litigation
29
5.2
The court system
31
5.3
Legal professionals
34
Practically speaking
37
This chapter in essence
38
Review questions
38
CHAPTER
2
THE LAW OF CONTRACT
-
Shawn Kopel,
André Mukheibir
and Heidi Schoeman
41
The relevance of the law of contract
42
Part A The relevance of contracts in society
43
1
The many dimensions of contract law
43
2
Understanding legal reasoning
44
3
Competing values in contract law
45
3.1
Desirability of freedom vs restraint of autonomy
47
3.2
Minimal legal intervention and regulation vs active regulation
47
3.3
Equality vs inequality
48
3.4
The ideal of negotiated contracts vs the reality of standard form contracts
48
3.5
The assumed fairness of voluntary exchanges vs the reality of serious unfairness in
some exchanges
48
3.6
Self interest vs the reality of contracts embedded in social norms
49
3.7
Literal interpretation vs contextual interpretation
50
3.8
Certainty of rules vs flexibility of discretionary standards
50
3.9
Value of a unitary general law of contract vs specialised laws tailored to different
types of contracts
50
Theories of contract: why are contracts enforced?
51
4.1
Promissory and will theones 51
52
52
53
53
54
55
55
56
57
57
57
58
60
61
64
77
78
90
92
98
108
109
110
110
112
112
112
113
113
113
113
114
115
115
118
118
118
120
120
121
121
123
123
124
124
127
128
4.2
Reliance theory
4.3
Efficiency theones
4.4
Promotion of distributive justice
4.5
Promotion of social relationships
4.6
Promotion of autonomy
4.7
Mixed theones
5
How far does contract reach?
Practically speaking
Part
В
The law of contract
1
Introduction
2
Definition
3
Formalities
4
Essential elements
4.1
Lawfulness
4.2
Capacity to contract
4.3
Serious intention
4.4
Communication
4.5
Vagueness
4.6
Reality of consent
4.7
Possibility of performance
5
Third
parties
5.1
Contracts for the benefit of third parties
(stipu/aöo alten)
5.2
Assignment
5.3
Cession
5.4
Delegation
6
Termination
6.1
Performance or payment
6.2
Notice
6.3
Release
6.4
Novation
6.5
Merger (confusio)
6.6
Impossibility of performance
6.7
Set-off (compensatio)
6.8
Prescription
6.9
Insolvency and rehabilitation
6.10
Death
6.11
Breach of contract
6.12
Rouwgeld
clause
6.13
Cooling-off provisions
7
Remedies
7.1
Specific performance
7.2
Interdict
7.3
Cancellation and damages
7.4
Penalty clauses
Practically speaking
This chapter in essence
Review questions
CHAPTER
3
THE LAW OF SALE
- Sieg Eiselen 131
1
The relevance of the law of sale
132
2
Definition of sale
133
3
Nature of sale
133
3.1
Agreement on the object of the sale
134
3.2
Transfer of ownership or delivery of possession
137
3.3
Agreement on the price
141
4
Distinguishing sale from other types of contract
142
4.1
Sale distinguished from barter
142
4.2
Sale distinguished from lease
142
4.3
Sale distinguished from contract for work or services
142
4.4
Sale distinguished from software licensing
143
5
Sales contract
143
5.1
Freedom of contract
143
5.2
Consumer protection legislation
144
5.3
Standard terms
144
5.4
Terms implied by law {naturalia)
145
5.5
Commonly included terms
145
6
Pre-contractual misrepresentations about the qualities of the goods
146
6.1
Introduction
146
6.2
Dicta
et promissa 147
7
Options and rights of pre-emption
147
7.1
Introduction
147
7.2
Options
147
7.3
Rights of pre-emption
148
8
Formalities
148
8.1
Formalities required by law
149
8.2
Formalities prescribed by the parties
152
8.3
Formalities and electronic documents
152
9
Obligations of the seller
153
9.1
Duty to take care of the goods
154
9.2
Seller's duty to take care of the goods
155
10
Obligations of the buyer
155
10.1
Payment of the price
156
10.2
Receipt of the goods
157
11
Warranties
158
11.1
Warranty against eviction
158
11.2
Delivery of conforming or merchantable goods
159
11.3
Residual warranty of reasonable merchantable quality
160
11.4
Residual warranty on fitness for purpose
161
11.5
Residual liability for latent defects
161
12
Remedies
162
12.1
The actio redhibitoria
162
12.2
The actio
quanti minons
163
12.3
Extended liability of manufacturers and dealers
163
12.4
Exclusion of the aedilitian remedies
164
12.5
The
voetstoots
clause
164
Practically speaking
165
This chapter in essence
165
Review questions
166
CHAPTER
4
CREDIT AGREEMENTS
-
Michelle Kelly-Louw
167
1
The relevance of credit agreements
168
2
Why was a new National Credit Act needed?
168
3
Objectives of the Act
170
4
Application of the Act
170
4.1
General application
170
4.2
Circumstances where the Act does not apply
171
4.3
Limited application where the consumer is a company, close corporation,
partnership or trust
171
4.4
Credit agreements to which the Act applies
171
5
Consumer credit Institutions and credit Industry regulation
176
6
Registration of Industry participants
177
7
National Register of Credit Agreements
178
8
Consumer credit policy and consumer rights
178
8.1
Basic consumer rights
178
8.2
Pre-agreement disclosure I80
8.3
Consumer must disclose location of goods ISO
8.4
Obligations of pawnbrokers
18°
8.5
Limits imposed on the costs of credit
180
8.6
Statements of account
18°
8.7
Rescission from an instalment agreement
181
8.8
Surrender of goods
181
8.9
Prohibition of certain credit marketing and advertising practices
182
9
Credit agreements
182
9.1
Pre-contractual aspects: quotes and disclosure
183
9.2
Form and format of credit agreements
183
9.3
Waiving common law rights I84
9.4
Unlawful credit agreements I84
9.5
Unlawful provisions of credit agreements
185
9.6
Capping of interest rates and other costs of credit
185
9.7
Statements of the credit agreement
186
9.8
Alteration of credit agreements
187
9.9
Rescission and termination of agreements, early payments, and surrender of
movable goods
187
10
Reckless lending, over-Indebtedness, debt counsellors and debt review or restructuring
187
10.1
Reckless lending and over-indebtedness
188
10.2
Debt counsellors and debt review or restructuring 191
11
Legal debt enforcement and alternative dispute resolution 193
12
Search warrants and enforcement of the Act 193
13
Other legislation governing credit agreements 193
13.1
Alienation of Land Act I94
Practically speaking
195
This chapter in essence
196
Review questions
197
CHAPTER
5
THE LAW OF LEASE
-
Isoea Konyn
199
1
The relevance of lease
200
2
Capacity
200
2.1
Co-owners
200
2.2
Ownership is not a requirement
200
2.3
Property subject to a bond or mortgage
201
2.4
Lease of property already owned
201
3
Essential elements of the contract of lease
202
3.1
The object of the contract
202
3.2
The identity of the leased property
202
3.3
The rent
203
4
Duration of lease
206
4.1
Fixed period lease
206
4.2
A lease until a certain event occurs
206
4.3
A periodic lease
206
4.4
A lease at the will of landlord, tenant or either party
207
5
Renewal of lease
207
5.1
Implied renewal
207
5.2
Options to renew
207
5.3
Terms of the renewed lease
208
6
Huur gaat voor koop
209
6.1
Leases
209
6.2
The legal consequences of the operation of the
huur gaat voor koop doctrine
211
7
Sub-letting, cession and assignment
212
7.1
Sub-letting
212
7.2
Cession
213
7.3
Assignment
213
8
The duties of the parties
214
8.1
Duties of the landlord
214
8.2
Duties of the tenant
221
9
Termination
22S
9.1
Insolvency
225
9.2
Death
226
9.3
Impossibility of performance
226
9.4
Expropriation
226
10
Eviction
226
Practically speaking
227
This chapter in essence
228
Review questions
228
CHAPTER
β
THE LAW OF AGENCY-Isom
Кипи
and DumuBaqmh
231
1
The relevance of agency
232
2
The nature of agency
232
3
Formalities
233
4
Capacity
233
4.1
Principal
233
4.2
Atient
233
5 Formation
of the contract of agency
235
5.1
Express authority 235
5.2
Implied authority 235
5.3
Estoppel 236
5.4
Ratification 238
6
Delegation of agent's authority 239
7
Rights and duties between the parties
240
7.1
Duties of the agent 240
7.2
Duties of the principal 243
8
Rights and liabilities of third parties
243
8.1
Named principal 244
8.2
Unnamed principal 244
8.3
Undisclosed principal 244
9
Agent's rights and liabilities to third parties
245
10
Termination of agency
246
Practically speaking 246
This chapter in essence 247
Review questions 248
CHAPTER
7
THE LAW OF REAL AND PERSONAL SECURITY
-
Susan Seen
249
1
The relevance of the law of security
250
2
Forms of credit agreement
250
3
Basic forms of credit security
250
4
Personal security
251
4.1
Definition of suretyship 2§1
4.2
Accessory nature of suretyship 253
4.3
Suretyship distinguished from other forms of intercession
254
4.4
Characteristics of principal debt 255
4.5
Creation of a suretyship contract
255
4.6
Types of surety 257
4.7
Consequences of suretyship 258
4.8
Termination of suretyship 259
5
Real security
259
5.1
Background
259
5.2
General principles
261
5.3
Pledge
262
5.4
Clauses in mortgage or pledge agreements 263
5.5
Rights and duties of parties
264
5.6
Extinction of pledge
265
5.7
Security by means of claims
265
5.8
Mortgage
268
5.9
Operation of special mortgage over immovable things
270
5.10
Tacit mortgages
271
Practically speaking
276
This chapter in essence
277
Review questions
278
CHAPTER
8
THE LAW OF INSURANCE
-
Philip Sutherland and
Charnelle
van
der Bijl
279
1
The relevance of Insurance
280
2
The economic function of insurance
281
3
Insurance defined
281
4
Insurance law and Insurance business
282
5
The four branches of insurance law
282
6
Sources of South African insurance law
283
6.1
The common law
283
6.2
Statutes
283
6.3
'Hard' and 'soft' insurance law and alternate dispute resolution
283
7
Different types of insurance
284
7.1
The interest being protected
284
7.2
The duration
285
7.3
The peril or event being insured against
285
8
Essentials of an Insurance contract
285
8.1
The insurer undertakes to pay or perform something
286
8.2
In exchange for the undertaking to pay a premium or the payment of a premium
286
8.3
On the happening of an uncertain event
287
8.4
In order to indemnify or compensate the insured
287
9
Insurance contracts distinguished from other types of contracts
288
9.1
Wagering or gambling contracts
288
9.2
Manufacturers, sellers and extended warranties
288
9.3
Suretyship
289
10
Formation of an insurance contract
289
10.1
Agreement or its equivalent
290
10.2
Proposal forms
290
10.3
Conclusion of insurance policies by direct marketing
290
10.4
Cooling-off
290
10.5
Insurance policies and policy documents
291
10.6
Legality
291
10.7
Disclosures by the insured
292
10.8
Disclosures by the insurer or its intermediaries
294
11
Insurance claims
294
11.1
Description of the risk insured against
294
11.2
Interpretation of the terms which describe the risk covered
294
11.3
Limitations and exceptions
295
11.4
Dimensions of the described risk
295
11.5
Causal link between the peril and the harm
296
12
Insurable interest
296
12.1
Insurable interest in indemnity insurance
296
12.2
Insurable interest in non-indemnity insurance
298
13
Manner in which claims have to be brought
299
13.1
Notice and time-bar clauses
299
13.2
Fraudulent claims
301
13.3
Claiming from a broker where a claim against the insurer fails
301
14
Subrogation, cession and contribution
302
Practically speaking
304
This chapter in essence
306
Review questions
306
CHAPTERS LABOUR LAW-Nicou
Ѕмп
309
310
310
310
311
312
312
313
313
313
314
315
316
316
316
317
317
317
318
320
321
321
321
322
322
322
328
328
329
330
330
332
332
333
335
335
336
338
340
340
342
342
CHAPTER
10
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS
-
lama Komu
343
1
The relevance of negotiable Instruments
344
2
Introduction
345
3
Characteristics of negotiability
345
3.1
A simple means of transferring rights 345
3.2
Transfer free from equities 345
1
2
The relevance of laooiir law
Sources of labour law
2.1
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa,
1996
2.2
Legislation
2.3
Collective agreements
2.4
The contract of employment
2.5
The common law
3
The employment relationship: who Is an employee?
3.1
Tests to determine who is an employee
3.2
Statutory definitions and presumptions
4
The contract of employment
4.1
Relationship of trust
4.2
Special terms
4.3
Vicarious liability
4.4
Duration of contract
4.5
Variation
5
Basic Conditions of Employment Act
75
of
1997
(BCEA)
5.1
Working time
5.2
Leave
5.3
General obligations on employers
5.4
Notice of termination
5.5
Monitoring and enforcement
6
Labour Relations Act
66
of
1995
(LRA)
6.1
Unfair labour practices
6.2
Unfair dismissal
6.3
Remedies
6.4
Transfer of an undertaking
6.5
Freedom of association and the right to organise
6.6
Organisational rights
7
6.7
Industrial action
§
7.1
Prohibition of unfair discrimination
7.2
Affirmative action
7.3
Monitoring and enforcement
8
Social protection
8.1
Health and safety
8.2
Unemployment
8.3
Skills development
Practically speaking
This chapter in essence
Review questions
types of negotiable instruments
346
4.1
Bills of exchange and cheques
346
4.2
Promissory notes
347
Requirements for a valid negotiable Instrument
348
348
348
349
349
350
350
351
352
352
352
353
353
354
355
356
356
356
358
359
359
360
360
361
361
362
363
363
364
364
366
368
369
370
371
Practically speaking
371
This chapter in essence
373
Review questions
373
Table of cases
375
Table of legislation
383
Bibliography
388
Index
392
5.1
An order or promise
5.2
Unconditional
5.3
In writing
5.4
Addressed by one person to another or made by one person to another
5.5
Signed by the person giving it or making it
5.6
A sum certain in money
5.7
On demand or at a fixed or determinable future time
5.8
To a specified person or his order or to bearer
5.9
Non-essentials
5.10
A simple contract
6
Signature
6.1
Signature by an agent
6.2
Corporate signatures
6.3
Forged or unauthorised signatures
6.4
Incorrect spelling of a person's name
7
The holder, and the holder In due course
7.1
The holder in due course
7.2
Deriving title through a holder in due course
7.3
Presumptions in favour of the holder
7.4
Defences available as against a holder in due course
7.5
Some advantages of being holder in due course
8
Delivery
9
Negotiation
9.1
Prohibition on negotiation
9.2
Indorsement
10
Liability of parties to an Instrument
11
Collecting payment
12
Provisions relating specifically to cheques
12.1
Crossed cheques
12.2
Forged indorsements
12.3
Protection afforded the true owner
13
An outline of the banker-customer relationship
14
Creditcards
15
Electronic funds transfer |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035366183 |
| classification_rvk | PU 7880 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)552128271 (DE-599)BVBBV035366183 |
| dewey-full | 346.6807 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346.6807 |
| dewey-search | 346.6807 |
| dewey-sort | 3346.6807 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035366183 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-10T13:14:31Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780195985825 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017170172 |
| oclc_num | 552128271 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 DE-703 |
| physical | XVI, 400 S. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Commercial law |
| spelling | The law of commerce in South Africa Johan Scott (consulting ed.) ... 1. publ. Cape Town Oxford Univ. Press Southern Africa 2009 XVI, 400 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Commercial law Commercial law - South Africa Scott, Johan Sonstige oth Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017170172&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The law of commerce in South Africa Commercial law - South Africa |
| title | The law of commerce in South Africa |
| title_auth | The law of commerce in South Africa |
| title_exact_search | The law of commerce in South Africa |
| title_full | The law of commerce in South Africa Johan Scott (consulting ed.) ... |
| title_fullStr | The law of commerce in South Africa Johan Scott (consulting ed.) ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The law of commerce in South Africa Johan Scott (consulting ed.) ... |
| title_short | The law of commerce in South Africa |
| title_sort | the law of commerce in south africa |
| topic | Commercial law - South Africa |
| topic_facet | Commercial law - South Africa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017170172&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT scottjohan thelawofcommerceinsouthafrica |