The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Stuttgart
Inst. für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, Univ.
2008
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| Series: | Arbeitspapiere des Instituts für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung
14,2 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | 204 S. graph. Darst. |
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MARC
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| adam_text | Titel: The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure
Autor: Riester, Arndt
Jahr: 2008
Contents
1 Semantic Theories of Focus Representation 9
1.1 Introduction................................ 10
1.1.1 What this dissertation is about ................. 10
1.1.2 What this dissertation is not about............... 13
1.2 Focus phenomena............................. 15
1.2.1 Discourse congruence...................... 15
1.2.2 Focus-sensitive particles..................... 16
1.2.3 Questions and answers...................... 17
1.3 Developing formal theories of focus................... 19
1.4 Alternative Semantics, pan I - focus representation.......... 21
1.4.1 What are alternative sets?.................... 21
1.4.2 Compositional semantics with alternatives........... 24
1.5 Structured Meanings........................... 26
1.6 Summary and outlook.......................... 28
2 Alternatives and Contrast 31
2.1 Contrasting alternatives in coordinating constructions ........ 32
2.2 Alternative Semantics, part II - focus interpretation.......... 35
2.3 The ~ in action.............................. 37
2.3.1 Summary: contrastive natural alternatives........... 40
2.4 Scalar alternatives - a different kind?................. 41
2.4.1 Scalar sets based on sum formation............... 42
2.4.2 Scalar sets based on hypernymy................. 43
5
Contents_________________________________________________________________
2.4.3 Culturally-contextual scalar sets................. 44
2.5 The contrastive focus hoax........................ 47
2.6 A first attempt to annotate focus .................... 52
2.7 Summary................................. 56
3 Givenness and Information Status 59
3.1 Givenness-based approaches to focus.................. 60
3.1.1 Information status or: what it can mean to be given...... 61
3.1.2 Discourse Given ......................... 64
3.1.3 Accessible / Mediated...................... 65
3.1.4 New................................ 66
3.2 Givenness and focus........................... 67
3.2.1 The givenness principle...................... 69
3.2.2 Predicting accent and focus from givenness information .... 72
3.2.3 Givenness for non-terminal nodes................ 77
3.2.4 Complex referential expressions................. 82
3.2.5 Information status of random expressions........... 84
3.3 Summary................................. 86
4 Presuppositions and Anaphors 87
4.1 On the relation between information structure and presupposition . . 88
4.2 Presuppositions and anaphors...................... 89
4.2.1 The Presupposition-Is-Anaphora hypothesis......... 89
4.2.2 Reception and protest...................... 91
4.2.3 A dispute on presuppositions and anaphors.......... 92
4.3 The notion anaphor - theory and practice ............... 94
4.3.1 An evalutation.......................... 94
4.3.2 Other uses of the notion anaphor................ 96
4.4 What are presuppositions?........................ 97
4.4.1 Short history........................... 97
4.4.2 The Binding Theory of Presuppositions............. 100
4.5 Examples of presuppositions....................... 102
6
Contents
4.5.1 Factives.............................. 103
4.5.2 It-clefts .............................. 104
4.5.3 Nested presuppositions...................... 106
4.5.4 Pronouns and definite descriptions............... 107
4.6 Binding in different contexts...................... 115
4.6.1 Information status and resolution context........... 116
4.6.2 Pronouns, donkeys and bridges................. 118
4.7 Summary................................. 119
5 Accommodation and Activation 121
5.1 What is accommodation? ........................ 122
5.1.1 The Beginnings.......................... 122
5.1.2 Accommodation failure ..................... 123
5.1.3 Accommodation of possessives ................. 128
5.2 Proper names, definites and an improved taxonomy.......... 130
5.2.1 Sloppy use?............................ 130
5.2.2 Accommodation of discourse referents............. 131
5.2.3 Novelty.............................. 132
5.3 Mixed audiences............................. 134
5.3.1 Accessibility by description and the underspecification of the
recipient s knowledge ...................... 134
5.3.2 Justification and encyclopedic context............. 136
5.3.3 Underspecified information status................ 136
5.4 Summary................................. 138
6 Annotating Information Structure 141
6.1 An improved annotation system for information status ........ 142
6.1.1 Generalized information status - generalized presupposition . 142
6.1.2 Tagset............................... 144
6.1.3 Underspecification........................ 146
6.2 Annotating a corpus with focus information.............. 147
6.2.1 Analysing constituent structure................. 147
7
Contents_________________________________________________________________
6.2.2 Annotating information status.................. 148
6.2.3 Assertion ............................. 153
6.2.4 Discourse givenness ....................... 154
6.2.5 F-marking again ......................... 155
6.2.6 Benefits of the radio news corpus................ 163
6.2.7 Is existential closure still necessary? .............. 163
6.3 Contrast status?..............................169
6.3.1 The problem of focus determination in terms of contrast ... 169
6.4 Conclusion ................................174
Deutsche Zusammenfassung 177
References 189
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| spelling | Riester, Arndt Verfasser (DE-588)137038011 aut The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure vorgelegt von Arndt Riester Stuttgart Inst. für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, Univ. 2008 204 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Arbeitspapiere des Instituts für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung 14,2 Zugl.: Stuttgart, Univ., Diss., 2008 Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (DE-588)4059734-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (DE-588)4059734-9 s DE-604 Arbeitspapiere des Instituts für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung 14,2 (DE-604)BV012961671 14,2 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017151909&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Riester, Arndt The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure Arbeitspapiere des Instituts für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (DE-588)4059734-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4059734-9 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure |
| title_auth | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure |
| title_exact_search | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure |
| title_full | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure vorgelegt von Arndt Riester |
| title_fullStr | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure vorgelegt von Arndt Riester |
| title_full_unstemmed | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure vorgelegt von Arndt Riester |
| title_short | The components of focus and their use in annotating information structure |
| title_sort | the components of focus and their use in annotating information structure |
| topic | Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (DE-588)4059734-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Thema-Rhema-Gliederung Hochschulschrift |
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