Biofuels: securing the planet's future energy needs
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Springer
2009
|
| Series: | Green energy and technology
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | X, 336 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781848820104 9781848820111 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Biofuels |b securing the planet's future energy needs |c Ayhan Demirbas |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1
Introduction
............................................................................................. 1
1.1
Introduction
to
Energy
Sources
..................................................... 1
1.2 Short
Supply of
Fossil
Fuels
.......................................................... 4
1.2.1
Petroleum in the World
.................................................... 4
1.2.2
Natural Gas as the Fastest Growing Primary Energy
Source in the World
......................................................... 10
1.2.3
Coal as a Fuel and Chemical Feedstock
........................... 15
1.3
Introduction to Renewable and Biorenewable Sources
................. 18
1.3.1
Non-combustible Renewable Energy Sources
................. 20
1.3.2
Biorenewable Energy Sources
......................................... 31
References
................................................................................................. 43
2
Biomass Feedstocks
................................................................................. 45
2.1
Introduction to Biomass Feedstocks
.............................................. 45
2.1.1
Definitions
........................................................................ 46
2.1.2
Biomass Feedstocks
......................................................... 54
2.2
Biomass Characterization
.............................................................. 58
2.2.1
Characterization of Biomass Feedstock and Products
..... 59
2.2.2
Biomass Process Design and Development
..................... 60
2.3
Biomass Fuel Analyses
.................................................................. 61
2.3.1
Particle Size and Specific Gravity
.................................... 62
2.3.2
Ash Content
..................................................................... 62
2.3.3
Moisture Content
............................................................. 62
2.3.4
Extractive Content
............................................................ 62
2.3.5
Element Content
............................................................... 63
2.3.6
Structural Constituent Content
......................................... 63
2.3.7
The Energy Value of Biomass
......................................... 63
2.4
Biomass Optimization and Valorization
........................................ 65
2.4.1
Fuels from Biomass
......................................................... 67
2.4.2
Chemicals from Biomass
................................................. 70
viii Contents
2.4.3
Char from Biomass
.......................................................... 72
2.4.4
Adhesives from Biomass
................................................. 74
2.4.5
Valorization of Wood
....................................................... 78
References
................................................................................................. 81
3
Biofuels
.................................................................................................... 87
3.1
Introduction to Biofuels
................................................................. 87
3.1.1
Economic Impact of Biofuels
........................................... 90
3.1.2
Environmental Impact of Biofuels
................................... 94
References
................................................................................................. 99
4
Biorenewable Liquid Fuels
.................................................................... 103
4.1
Introduction to Biorenewable Liquid Fuels
................................... 103
4.1.1
Evaluation of Gasoline-Alcohol Mixtures
as Motor Fuel Alternatives
............................................... 104
4.1.2
Evaluation of Vegetable Oils and Diesel Fuel Mixtures
as Motor Fuel Alternatives
............................................... 105
4.2
Bioalcohols
.................................................................................... 105
4.2.1
Alternate Fuels to Gasoline
.............................................. 106
4.3
Bioethanol
..................................................................................... 108
4.3.1
Synthetic
Ethanol
Production Processes
.......................... 108
4.3.2
Production of
Ethanol
from Biomass
............................... 109
4.3.3
Sugars from Biomass by Hydrolysis
................................ 111
4.3.4
Bioethanol Production by Fermentation
of Carbohydrates
.............................................................. 115
4.3.5
Bioethanol Feedstocks
..................................................... 119
4.3.6
Fuel Properties of
Ethanol
................................................ 120
4.4 Biomethanol.................................................................................. 122
4.5
Vegetable Oils
............................................................................... 126
4.5.1
Alternatives to Diesel Fuel
............................................... 131
4.5.2
Vegetable Oil Resources
.................................................. 133
4.5.3
The Use of Vegetable Oils as Diesel Fuel
........................ 137
4.5.4
New Biorenewable Fuels from Vegetable Oils
................ 143
4.5.5
Properties of
Triglycérides
............................................... 153
4.5.6
Triglycéride
Economy
...................................................... 156
4.6
Biodiesel........................................................................................
156
4.6.1
The History of
Biodiesel
.................................................. 158
4.6.2
Definitions of
Biodiesel
................................................... 160
4.6.3
Biodiesel
from
Triglycérides
via Transesterification
....... 162
4.6.4
Recovery of Glycerol
....................................................... 171
4.6.5
Reaction Mechanism of Transesterification
..................... 173
4.6.6
Current
Biodiesel
Production Technologies
.................... 176
4.6.7
Biodiesel
Production Processes
........................................ 180
4.6.8
Basic Plant Equipment Used in
Biodiesel
Production
..... 185
4.6.9
Fuel Properties of
Biodiesels
........................................... 186
Contents
4.6.10
Advantages of
Biodiesels
................................................. 193
4.6.11
Disadvantages of
Biodiesel
as Motor Fuel
....................... 198
4.6.12
Engine Performance Tests
................................................ 199
4.7
Bio-oils from Biorenewables
......................................................... 211
4.8
Other Alternate Liquid Fuels
......................................................... 217
4.8.1
Glycerol-Based Fuel Oxygenates for
Biodiesel
and Diesel Fuel Blends
.................................................... 217
4.8.2
P-series Fuels
................................................................... 220
4.8.3
Dimethyl Ether
(DME)
.................................................... 221
4.8.4
Fischer-Tropsch (FT) Liquid Fuel from Biomass
........... 221
4.8.5
Other Bio-oxygenated Liquid Fuels
................................. 222
References
................................................................................................. 223
Biorenewable Gaseous Fuels
.................................................................. 231
5.1
Introduction to Biorenewable Gaseous Fuels
................................ 231
5.2
Biogas
............................................................................................ 232
5.2.1
Aerobic Conversion Processes
......................................... 233
5.2.2
Anaerobic Conversion Processes
..................................... 233
5.2.3
Biogas
Processing
............................................................ 236
5.2.4
Reactor Technology for Anaerobic Digestion
.................. 242
5.3
Landfill Gas
................................................................................... 245
5.4
Crude Gases from Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass
............ 248
5.5
Biohydrogen from Biorenewable Feedstocks
................................ 249
5.5.1
Hydrogen from Biorenewable Feedstocks
via Thermochemical Conversion Processes
..................... 250
5.5.2
Biohydrogen from Biorenewable Feedstocks
.................. 254
5.6
Gaseous Fuels from Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis of Biomass
........ 255
References
................................................................................................. 257
Thermochemical Conversion Processes
................................................ 261
6.1
Introduction to Thermochemical Conversion Processes
................ 261
6.2
Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of Biorenewables
.............. 264
6.3 Hydrothermal
Liquefaction of Biorenewable Feedstocks
............. 266
6.3.1
The Role of Water During the HTL Process
.................... 270
6.3.2
HTU Applications
............................................................ 270
6.4
Direct Combustion of Biomass
...................................................... 271
6.4.1
Combustion Efficiency
.................................................... 273
6.5
Direct Liquefaction
........................................................................ 275
6.6
Pyrolysis Processes
........................................................................
^
6.6.1
Reaction Mechanism of Pyrolysis
.................................... 281
6.7
Gasification Research and Development
....................................... 283
6.7.1
Biomass Gasification
....................................................... 285
6.7.2
Biomass Gasification Systems
......................................... 287
6.7.3
Electricity from Cogenerative Biomass Firing
Power Plants
.....................................................................
293
χ
Contents
6.7.4 Fischer-Tropsch
Synthesis (FTS)
.................................... 296
6.7.5
Supercritical Steam Gasification
...................................... 299
References
................................................................................................. 302
7
Biofuel Economy
..................................................................................... 305
7.1
Introduction to
Bioftiel
Economy
.................................................. 305
7.2
Biofuel Economy
........................................................................... 307
7.2.1
Estimation of Biofuel Prices
............................................ 309
7.2.2
Biodiesel
Economy
.......................................................... 309
7.2.3
Bioethanol Economy
........................................................ 313
7.2.4
Biorenewable Energy Costs
and Biohydrogen Economy
.............................................. 315
References
................................................................................................. 316
8
Biofuel Policy
........................................................................................... 319
8.1
Introduction to Biofuel Policy
....................................................... 319
8.2
Biofuel Policy
................................................................................ 320
8.2.1
Biodiesel
Policy
............................................................... 321
8.3
Global Biofuel Projections
............................................................ 325
References
................................................................................................. 328
Index
................................................................................................................. 331
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Demirbaş, Ayhan |
| author_GND | (DE-588)135591279 |
| author_facet | Demirbaş, Ayhan |
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| dewey-full | 662.88 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 662 - Explosives, fuels & related products |
| dewey-raw | 662.88 |
| dewey-search | 662.88 |
| dewey-sort | 3662.88 |
| dewey-tens | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Biologie Chemie-Ingenieurwesen Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau Verkehr / Transport |
| format | Book |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:30:37Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781848820104 9781848820111 |
| language | English |
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| physical | X, 336 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Green energy and technology |
| spelling | Demirbaş, Ayhan Verfasser (DE-588)135591279 aut Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs Ayhan Demirbas London Springer 2009 X, 336 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Green energy and technology Biomass energy Biodiesel (DE-588)4661178-2 gnd rswk-swf Biogas (DE-588)4006796-8 gnd rswk-swf Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd rswk-swf Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd rswk-swf Bioalkohol (DE-588)4206022-9 gnd rswk-swf Energiequelle (DE-588)4014720-4 gnd rswk-swf Energiequelle (DE-588)4014720-4 s Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 s Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 s Biogas (DE-588)4006796-8 s DE-604 Bioalkohol (DE-588)4206022-9 s Biodiesel (DE-588)4661178-2 s Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017098865&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Demirbaş, Ayhan Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs Biomass energy Biodiesel (DE-588)4661178-2 gnd Biogas (DE-588)4006796-8 gnd Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd Bioalkohol (DE-588)4206022-9 gnd Energiequelle (DE-588)4014720-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4661178-2 (DE-588)4006796-8 (DE-588)4145658-0 (DE-588)4145596-4 (DE-588)4206022-9 (DE-588)4014720-4 |
| title | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs |
| title_auth | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs |
| title_exact_search | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs |
| title_full | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs Ayhan Demirbas |
| title_fullStr | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs Ayhan Demirbas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biofuels securing the planet's future energy needs Ayhan Demirbas |
| title_short | Biofuels |
| title_sort | biofuels securing the planet s future energy needs |
| title_sub | securing the planet's future energy needs |
| topic | Biomass energy Biodiesel (DE-588)4661178-2 gnd Biogas (DE-588)4006796-8 gnd Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd Bioalkohol (DE-588)4206022-9 gnd Energiequelle (DE-588)4014720-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biomass energy Biodiesel Biogas Biokraftstoff Bioenergie Bioalkohol Energiequelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017098865&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT demirbasayhan biofuelssecuringtheplanetsfutureenergyneeds |