The human brain: an introduction to its functional anatomy
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia, PA
Mosby, Elsevier
2009
|
| Edition: | 6. ed. |
| Series: | A student consult title Online + Print
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Spätere Aufl. u.d.T.: Vanderah, Todd W.: Nolte's the human brain |
| Physical Description: | XII, 720 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780323041317 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The human brain |b an introduction to its functional anatomy |c John Nolte |
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| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia, PA |b Mosby, Elsevier |c 2009 | |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1
Introduction to the Nervous System
1
The nervous system has central and peripheral parts,
Ί
The principal cellular elements of the nervous system are neurons and glial cells,
2
2
Development of the Nervous System
37
The neural tube and neural crest give rise to the central and peripheral nervous systems,
37
Adverse events during development can cause congenital malformations of the nervous system,
49
3
Gross Anatomy and General Organization of the Central Nervous System
53
The long axis of the CNS bends at the cephalic flexure,
54
Hemisecting a brain reveals parts of the diencephalon, brainstem, and ventricular system,
54
Humans, relative to other animals, have large brains,
55
Named
sulci
and gyri cover the cerebral surface,
55
The diencephalon includes the
thalamus
and
hypothalamus,
64
Most cranial nerves are attached to the brainstem,
65
The cerebellum includes
a
vermis
and two hemispheres,
67
Sections of the cerebrum reveal the basal ganglia and
limbie
structures,
67
Parts of the nervous system are interconnected in systematic ways,
68
4
Meningeal Coverings of the Brain and Spinal Cord
80
There are three meningeal layers: the dura mater, arachnoid, and
pia
mater,
80
The dura mater provides mechanical strength,
82
The dura mater has an arachnoid lining,
86
Pia
mater covers the surface of the CNS,
90
The vertebral canal contains spinal epidural space,
91
Bleeding can open up potential meningeal spaces,
92
Parts of the CNS can herniate from one intracranial compartment into another,
93
5
Ventricles and Cerebrospinal Fluid
99
The brain contains four ventricles,
99
Choroid plexus is the source of most CSF,
103
Imaging techniques allow both the CNS and CSF to be visualized,
110
Disruption of CSF circulation can cause hydrocephalus,
117
6
Blood Supply of the Brain
122
The internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries supply the brain,
122
Imaging techniques allow arteries and veins to be visualized,
132
Blood flow to the CNS is closely controlled,
132
A system of barriers partially separates the nervous system from the rest of the body,
140
Superficial and deep veins drain the brain,
141
IX
Contents
7
Electrical Signaling by Neurons
149
A lipid/protein membrane separates ¡ntracellular and extracellular fluids,
150
Inputs to neurons cause slow, local potential changes,
156
Action potentials convey information over long distances,
159
Appendix 7A: Resistors, Capacitors, and
Neuronal
Membranes,
Ì
73
Appendix 7B: Calculating the Membrane Potential,
176
8
Synaptic Transmission between Neurons
177
There are five steps in conventional chemical synaptic transmission,
178
Synaptic transmission can be rapid and point-to-point, or slow and often diffuse,
181
Synaptic strength can be facilitated or depressed,
188
Most
neurotransmitters
are small
amine
molecules,
amino
acids, or neuropeptides,
190
Gap junctions mediate direct current flow from one neuron to another,
196
9
Sensory Receptors and the Peripheral Nervous System
201
Receptors encode the nature, location, intensity, and duration of stimuli,
202
Somatosensory receptors detect mechanical, chemical, or thermal changes,
206
Peripheral nerves convey information to and from the CNS,
221
10
Spinal Cord
227
The spinal cord is segmented,
228
All levels of the spinal cord have a similar cross-sectional structure,
232
The spinal cord is involved in sensory processing, motor outflow, and reflexes,
233
Spinal gray matter is regionally specialized,
234
Reflex circuitry is built into the spinal cord,
238
Ascending and descending pathways have defined locations in the spinal white matter,
242
The
autonomie
nervous system monitors and controls visceral activity,
252
A longitudinal network of arteries supplies the spinal cord,
258
Spinal cord damage causes predictable deficits,
259
11
Organization of the Brainstem
266
The brainstem has conduit, cranial nerve, and
integrative
functions,
267
The medulla,
pons,
and midbrain have characteristic gross anatomical features,
268
The internal structure of the brainstem reflects surface features and the position of long tracts,
271
The
reticular
core of the brainstem is involved in multiple functions,
280
Some brainstem nuclei have distinctive neurochemical signatures,
283
The brainstem is supplied by the vertebral-basilar system,
289
12
Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei
295
Cranial nerve nuclei have a generally predictable arrangement,
295
Cranial nerves III, IV, VI, and
XII
contain somatic motor fibers,
299
Branchiomeric nerves contain
axons
from multiple categories,
305
Brainstem damage commonly causes deficits on one side of the head and the opposite side of the body,
319
13
The Chemical Senses of Taste and Smell
323
The perception of flavor involves gustatory, olfactory, trigeminal, and other inputs,
324
Taste is mediated by receptors in taste buds innervated by cranial nerves
VII,
IX, and X,
324
Olfaction
is mediated by receptors that project directly to the telencephalon,
330
Contents
Ш .
14 Hearing and Balance:
The Eighth Cranial Nerve
342
Auditory and
vestibular
receptor cells are located in the walls of the membranous labyrinth,
343
The cochlear division of the eighth nerve conveys information about sound,
349
The
vestibular
division of the eighth nerve conveys information about linear and angular acceleration of the
head,
363
15
Atlas of the Human Brainstem
378
16
The
Thalamus
and Internal Capsule: Getting to and from the Cerebral Cortex
390
The diencephalon includes the epithalamus,
subthalamus, hypothalamus,
and
thalamus,
391
The
thalamus
is the gateway to the cerebral cortex,
394
Interconnections between the cerebral cortex and
subcortical
structures travel through the internal
capsule,
407
17
The Visual System
415
The eye has three concentric tissue layers and a lens,
416
The retina contains five major
neuronal
cell types,
420
Retinal neurons translate patterns of light into patterns of contrast,
425
Half of the visual field of each eye is mapped systematically in the
contralateral
cerebral hemisphere,
437
Primary visual cortex sorts visual information and distributes it to other cortical areas,
448
Early experience has permanent effects on the visual system,
452
Reflex circuits adjust the size of the pupil and the focal length of the lens,
452
18
Overview of Motor Systems
457
Each lower motor neuron innervates a group of muscle fibers, forming a motor unit,
457
Motor control systems involve both hierarchical and parallel connections,
461
The corticospinal tract has multiple origins and terminations,
464
19
Basal Ganglia
474
The basal ganglia include five major nuclei,
475
Basal ganglia circuitry involves multiple parallel loops that modulate cortical output,
479
Interconnections of the basal ganglia determine the pattern of their outputs,
480
Penetrating branches from the circle of Willis supply the basal ganglia,
486
Many basal ganglia disorders result in abnormalities of movement,
487
20
Cerebellum
494
The cerebellum can be divided into both transverse and longitudinal zones,
495
All parts of the cerebellum share common organizational principles,
499
Cerebellar cortex receives multiple inputs,
507
Each longitudinal zone has a distinctive output,
513
Patterns of connections indicate the functions of longitudinal zones,
514
Clinical syndromes correspond to functional zones,
520
21
Control of Eye Movements
524
Six extraocular muscles move the eye in the orbit,
526
There are fast and slow conjugate eye movements,
529
Changes in object distance require
vergence
movements,
534
The
basai
ganglia and cerebellum participate in eye movement control,
536
22
Cerebral Cortex
541
Most cerebral cortex is neocortex,
542
Neocortical areas are specialized for different functions,
549
The corpus callosum unites the two cerebral hemispheres,
569
Consciousness and sleep are active processes,
571
23
Drives and Emotions: The
Hypothalamus
and
Limbie
System
580
The
hypothalamus
coordinates drive-related behaviors,
581
Limbie
structures are interposed between the
hypothalamus
and neocortex,
594
24
Formation, Modification, and Repair of
Neuronal
Connections
608
Both neurons and connections are produced in excess during development,
609
Synaptic connections are adjusted throughout life,
616
PNS
repair is more effective than CNS repair,
628
25
Atlas of the Human Forebrain
638
Glossary
658
Index
691
|
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| dewey-ones | 611 - Human anatomy, cytology, histology |
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| dewey-sort | 3611.8 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Biologie Psychologie Medizin |
| edition | 6. ed. |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:30:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780323041317 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Nolte, John Verfasser aut The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy John Nolte 6. ed. Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Elsevier 2009 XII, 720 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier A student consult title Online + Print Spätere Aufl. u.d.T.: Vanderah, Todd W.: Nolte's the human brain Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd rswk-swf Neuroanatomie (DE-588)4171577-9 gnd rswk-swf Anatomie (DE-588)4001895-7 gnd rswk-swf Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 s Anatomie (DE-588)4001895-7 s Neuroanatomie (DE-588)4171577-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017074476&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Nolte, John The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd Neuroanatomie (DE-588)4171577-9 gnd Anatomie (DE-588)4001895-7 gnd |
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| title | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy |
| title_auth | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy |
| title_exact_search | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy |
| title_full | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy John Nolte |
| title_fullStr | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy John Nolte |
| title_full_unstemmed | The human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy John Nolte |
| title_short | The human brain |
| title_sort | the human brain an introduction to its functional anatomy |
| title_sub | an introduction to its functional anatomy |
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| topic_facet | Gehirn Neuroanatomie Anatomie |
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