Data analysis using Stata:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
College Station, Texas
Stata Press
2009
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXV, 388 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781597180467 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kohler, Ulrich |d 1967- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)133233863 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Data analysis using Stata |c Ulrich Kohler ; Frauke Kreuter |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a College Station, Texas |b Stata Press |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XXV, 388 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 630 | 0 | 4 | |a Stata |
| 650 | 4 | |a Datenverarbeitung | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Statistik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mathematical statistics |x Data processing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Statistics |x Data processing | |
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| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kreuter, Frauke |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1033254037 |4 aut | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1805086514596544512 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents
List of Tables
xvii
List of Figures
xix
Preface
xxi
1
"The first time"
1
1.1
Starting
Stata
. 1
1.2
Setting up your screen
. 2
1.3
Your first analysis
. 2
1.3.1
Inputting commands
. 2
1.3.2
Files and the working memory
. 3
1.3.3
Loading data
. 3
1.3.4
Variables and observations
. 5
1.3.5
Looking at data
. 6
1.3.6
Interrupting a command and repeating a command
. 8
1.3.7
The variable list
. 8
1.3.*
The in qualifier
. 8
1.3.9
Summary statistics
. 9
1.3.10
The if qualifier
. 11
1.3.11
Define missing values
. 11
1.3.12
The by prefix
. 12
1.3.13
Command options
. 13
1.3.14
Frequency tables
. 14
1.3.15
Variable labels and value labels
. 15
1.3.16
Graphs
. 16
1.3.17
Getting help
. 16
viii Contents
1.3.18
Recoding of
variables. 18
1.3.19 Linear
regression.
19
1.4
Do-files
. 19
1.5
Exiting
Stata
. 21
1.6
Exercises
. 22
2
Working with do-files
25
2.1
From interactive work to working with a do-file
. 25
2.1.1
Alternative
1. 25
2.1.2
Alternative
2. 27
2.2
Designing do-files
. 30
2.2.1
Comments
. 31
2.2.2
Line breaks
. 32
2.2.3
Some crucial commands
. 33
2.3
Organizing your work
. 35
2.4
Exercises
. 39
3
The grammar of
Stata
41
3.1
The elements of
Stata
commands
. 41
3.1.1
Stata
commands
. 41
3.1.2
The variable list
. 43
List of variables: Required or optional
. 43
Abbreviation rules
. 43
Special listings
. 45
3.1.3
Options
. 45
3.1.4
The in qualifier
. 47
3.1.5
The if qualifier
. 48
3.1.6
Expressions
. 50
Operators
. 51
Functions
. 52
3.1.7
Lists of numbers
. 53
3.1.8
Using filenames
. 53
Contents ix
3.2
Repeating similar commands
. 55
3.2.1
The by prefix
. 55
3.2.2
The foreach loop
. 57
The types of foreach lists
. 58
Several commands within a foreach loop
. 59
3.2.3
The forvalues loop
. 60
3.3
Weights
. 60
Frequency weights
. 61
Analytic' weights
. 63
Probability weights
. 64
3.4
Exercises
. 65
4
General comments on the statistical commands
67
4.1
Exercises
. 70
5
Creating and changing variables
73
5.1
The commands generate and replace
. 73
5.1.1
Variable names
. 74
5.1.2
Some examples
. 75
5.1.3
Changing codes with by, _n, and _N
. 78
5.1.4
Subscripts
. 82
5.2
Specialized recoding commands
. 84
5.2.1
The
recode
command
. 84
5.2.2
The
egen
command
. 84
5.3
More tools for recoding data
. 86
5.3.1
String functions
. 86
5.3.2
Date and time functions
. 90
Dates
. 91
Time
. 93
5.4
Commands for dealing with missing
vahíos
. 96
5.5
Labels
. 98
x
Contents
5.6
Storage types, or the ghost in the machine
. 100
5.7
Exercises
. 101
6
Creating and changing graphs
103
6.1
A primer on graph syntax
. 103
6.2
Graph types
. 104
6.2.1
Examples
. 105
6.2.2
Specialized graphs
. 107
6.3
Graph elements
. 107
6.3.1
Appearance of data
. 109
Choice of marker
.
Ill
Marker colors
. 112
Marker size
. 113
Lines
. 113
6.3.2
Graph and plot regions
. 116
Graph size
. 117
Plot region
. 117
Scaling the axes
. 118
6.3.3
Information inside the plot region
. 119
Reference lines
. 120
Labeling inside the plot region
. 120
6.3.4
Information outside the plot region
. 124
Labeling the axes
. 124
Tick lines
. 127
Axis titles
. 128
The legend
. 129
Graph titles
. 130
6.4
Multiple graphs
. 131
6.4.1
Overlaying many twoway graphs
. 131
6.4.2
Option by()
. 133
6.4.3
Combining graphs
. 134
Contents xi
6.5
Saving
and printing graphs
. 136
6.6
Exercises
. 138
7
Describing and comparing distributions
141
7.1
Categories: Few or many?
. 142
7.2
Variables with few categories
. 143
7.2.1
Tables
. 143
Frequency tables
. 143
More than one frequency table
. 144
Comparing distributions
. 144
Summary statistics
. 146
More than one contingency table
. 147
7.2.2
Graphs
. 147
Histograms
. 148
Bar charts
. 150
Pie charts
. 152
Dot charts
. 152
7.3
Variables with many categories
. 154
7.3.1
Frequencies of grouped data
. 154
Some remarks on grouping data
. 154
Special techniques for grouping data
. 155
7.3.2
Describing data using statistics
. 157
Important summary statistics
. 157
The summarize command
. 160
The tabstat command
. 160
Comparing distributions using statistics
. 161
7.3.3
Graphs
. 166
Box plots
. 166
Histograms
. 168
Kernel density estimation
. 170
xji Contents
Quantile
plot
. 175
Comparing distributions with
Q Q
plots
. 178
7.4
Exercises
. 179
8
Introduction to linear regression
181
8.1
Simple linear regression
. 184
8.1.1
The basic principle
. 184
8.1.2
Linear regression using
Stata
. 188
The table of coefficients
. 188
Standard errors
. 191
The table of ANOVA results
. 192
The model fit table
. 195
8.2
Multiple regression
. 196
8.2.1
Multiple regression using
Stata
. 197
8.2.2
More computations
. 199
Adjusted R2
. 199
Standardized regression coefficients
. 200
8.2.3
What does "under control" mean?
. 201
8.3
Regression diagnostics
. 203
8.3.1
Violation of
E(e¿)
=0. 204
Linearity
. 206
Influential cases
. 209
Omitted variables
. 218
Multicollinearity
. 218
8.3.2
Violation of
Var(e¿)
=
σ2.
219
8.3.3
Violation of
Covici.
6j)
= 0,
і
φ
j
. 221
8.4
Model extensions
. 222
8.4.1
Categorical independent variables
. 222
8.4.2
Interaction terms
. 225
8.4.3
Regression models using transformed variables
. 228
Nonlinear relations
. 229
Contents xiii
Eliminating heteroskedasticity
. 231
8.5
More on standard errors
. 232
8.5.1
Bootstrap techniques
. 232
8.5.2
Confidence intervals in cluster samples
. 234
8.6
Advanced techniques
. 236
8.6.1
Median regression
. 236
8.6.2
Regression models for panel data
. 237
From wide to long format
. 238
Fixed-effects models
. 242
8.6.3
Error-components models
. 245
8.7
Exercises
. 248
9
Regression models for categorical dependent variables
249
9.1
The linear probability model
. 250
9.2
Basic concepts
. 253
9.2.1
Odds, log odds, and odds ratios
. 253
9.2.2
Excursion: The maximum likelihood principle
. 258
9.3
Logistic regression with
Stata
. 261
9.3.1
The coefficient table
. 263
Sign interpretation
. 264
Interpretation with odds ratios
. 264
Probability interpretation
. 265
9.3.2
The iteration block
. 266
9.3.3
The model fit block
. 267
Classification tables
. 268
Pearson chi-squared
. 271
9.4
Logistic regression diagnostics
. 272
9.4.1
Linearity
. 272
9.4.2
Influential cases
. 276
9.5
Likelihood-ratio test
. 279
9.6
Refined models
. 281
xiv Contents
9.6.1
Nonlinear relationships
. 281
9.6.2
Categorical independent variables
. 282
9.6.3
Interaction effects
. 284
9.7
Advanced techniques
. 285
9.7.1
Probit
models
. 285
9.7.2
Multinomial logistic regression
. 288
9.7.3
Models for ordinal data
. 292
9.8
Exercises
. 294
10
Reading and writing data
297
10.1
The goal: the data matrix
. 297
10.2
Importing machine-readable data
. 298
10.2.1
Reading system files from other packages
. 299
10.2.2
Reading ASCII text files
. 300
Reading data in spreadsheet format
. 300
Reading data in free format
. 302
Reading data in fixed format
. 304
10.3
Inputting data
. 307
10.3.1
Input data using the Data Editor
. 307
10.3.2
The input command
. 308
10.4
Combining data
. 312
10.4.1
The GSOEP database
. 312
10.4.2
The merge command
. 314
The merge procedure
. 315
Keeping track of observations
. 317
Merging more than two files
. 318
Merging data on different levels
. 320
10.4.3
The append command
. 323
10.5
Saving and exporting data
. 326
10.6
Handling large
datasets
. 327
10.6.1
Rules for handling the working memory
. 327
Contents xv
10.6.2
Using oversized
datasets
. 329
10.7
Exercises
. 330
11
Do-files for advanced users and user-written programs
333
11.1
Two examples of usage
. 333
11.2
Four programming tools
. 335
11.2.1
Local macros
. 335
Calculating with local macros
. 336
Combining local macros
. 337
Changing local macros
. 337
11.2.2
Do-files
. 339
11.2.3
Programs
. 339
The problem of redefinition
. 340
The problem of naming
. 341
The problem of error checking
. 341
11.2.4
Programs in do-files and ado-files
. 342
11.3
User-written
Stata
commands
. 345
11.3.1
Parsing variable lists
. 348
11.3.2
Parsing options
. 349
11.3.3
Parsing if and in qualifiers
. 351
11.3.4
Generating an unknown number of variables
. 352
11.3.5
Default values
. 354
11.3.6
Extended macro functions
. 356
11.3.7
Avoiding changes in the
dataset
. 358
11.3.8
Help files
. 359
11.4
Exercises
. 360
12
Around
Stata
363
12.1
Resources and information
. 363
12.2
Taking care of
Stata
. 364
12.3
Additional procedures
. 366
12.3.1
S.J and STB ado-files
. 366
xvi
Contents
12.3.2
SSC ado-files
.
3(¡7
12.3.3
Other ado-files
.
:М>«
12.4
Exercises
. 309
References
371
Author index
377
Subject index
379 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Kohler, Ulrich 1967- Kreuter, Frauke |
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| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 519 - Probabilities and applied mathematics |
| dewey-raw | 519.50285 |
| dewey-search | 519.50285 |
| dewey-sort | 3519.50285 |
| dewey-tens | 510 - Mathematics |
| discipline | Informatik Soziologie Mathematik Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035256295 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T08:37:27Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781597180467 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017061876 |
| oclc_num | 316225784 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-739 DE-11 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-739 DE-11 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XXV, 388 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Stata Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kohler, Ulrich 1967- Verfasser (DE-588)133233863 aut Data analysis using Stata Ulrich Kohler ; Frauke Kreuter 2. ed. College Station, Texas Stata Press 2009 XXV, 388 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Stata Datenverarbeitung Statistik Mathematical statistics Data processing Statistics Data processing Stata (DE-588)4617285-3 gnd rswk-swf Stata (DE-588)4617285-3 s DE-604 Kreuter, Frauke Verfasser (DE-588)1033254037 aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017061876&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kohler, Ulrich 1967- Kreuter, Frauke Data analysis using Stata Stata Datenverarbeitung Statistik Mathematical statistics Data processing Statistics Data processing Stata (DE-588)4617285-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4617285-3 |
| title | Data analysis using Stata |
| title_auth | Data analysis using Stata |
| title_exact_search | Data analysis using Stata |
| title_full | Data analysis using Stata Ulrich Kohler ; Frauke Kreuter |
| title_fullStr | Data analysis using Stata Ulrich Kohler ; Frauke Kreuter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Data analysis using Stata Ulrich Kohler ; Frauke Kreuter |
| title_short | Data analysis using Stata |
| title_sort | data analysis using stata |
| topic | Stata Datenverarbeitung Statistik Mathematical statistics Data processing Statistics Data processing Stata (DE-588)4617285-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Stata Datenverarbeitung Statistik Mathematical statistics Data processing Statistics Data processing |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017061876&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kohlerulrich dataanalysisusingstata AT kreuterfrauke dataanalysisusingstata |