Bringing the jobless into work?: experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US
Over the last decade, many industrialized countries shifted from passive unemployment & welfare benefit regimes & traditional active labor market & social policies to activation strategies by making benefit receipt conditional upon accepting job offers or participation in active labor ma...
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2008
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Summary: | Over the last decade, many industrialized countries shifted from passive unemployment & welfare benefit regimes & traditional active labor market & social policies to activation strategies by making benefit receipt conditional upon accepting job offers or participation in active labor market schemes. This book discusses this topic. |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 473 S. Ill.,graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783540774341 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Bringing the jobless into work? |b experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |c Werner Eichhorst ... ed. |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Over the last decade, many industrialized countries shifted from passive unemployment & welfare benefit regimes & traditional active labor market & social policies to activation strategies by making benefit receipt conditional upon accepting job offers or participation in active labor market schemes. This book discusses this topic. | |
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| adam_text | Contents
Preface
.................................................................................................................xiii
Bringing the Jobless into Work? An Introduction to Activation Policies
........1
W.
Eichhorst,
О.
Kaufmann, R. Konle-Seidl, andH.-J. Reinhard
1
The broad shift towards activation
.................................................................2
2
Objectives of activation policies
....................................................................3
3
Defining activation
........................................................................................4
4
Target groups of activation
............................................................................7
5
The economic view: Countering work disincentives
.....................................8
6
The welfare state perspective: Convergence and divergence across
countries
.........................................................................................................9
7
International and supranational influences
..................................................10
8
The legal point of view: Implication for social rights
..................................12
9
How to implement activation policies? implications for the new
welfare governance
......................................................................................13
10
The specific contribution of this volume
.....................................................14
11
Outline of the volume and the country chapters
..........................................15
References
.........................................................................................................16
Activation Policies in Germany: From Status Protection to Basic Income
Support
..........................................................................................................,.......17
W.
Eichhorst,
M.
Grienberger-Zingerle, and
R.
Konle-Seidl
1
Introduction
..................................................................................................18
2
The shift towards activation
.........................................................................18
2.1
The legacy of a conservative European welfare state
18
2.2
The old system of unemployment benefits
...........................................19
2.3
The
Hartz
reforms
.................................................................................21
2.4
The political logic behind the policy shift
.............................................23
2.5
The silent change of the welfare state logic: From Bismarck
to
Beveridge?
.........................................................................................25
3
Activating labour market policy today
.........................................................27
3.1
The general framework
.........................................................................27
3.2
Target groups
.........................................................................................28
3.3
Demanding and
promoting
under SGB HI {unemployment
insurance)
..............................................................................................29
vi
Contents
3.4
Demanding and promoting principles under SGBII (basic income
scheme)
..................................................................................................30
3.5
The personal integration agreement
......................................................34
3.6
Sanctions
...............................................................................................35
3.7
Activation measures for unemployment insurance benefit recipients
.. 36
3.8
Activation measures for basic income support recipients
.....................37
4
Constitutional constraints to activation
........................................................39
4.1
Constitutional guarantee of a subsistence minimum
............................39
4.2
The property guarantee
.........................................................................40
4.3
Constitutional guarantee of free choice of occupation
..........................41
5
Governance and implementation
.................................................................42
5.1
Distribution of competences
.................................................................42
5.2
Changes in the organisational setting
....................................................43
5.3
Federal employment agency
j
obcentres for the short-term
unemployed
...........................................................................................43
5.4 ARGE
jobcentres and municipal agencies for the long-term
unemployed
...........................................................................................46
5.5
Implementation
.....................................................................................48
6
Outcomes of activation: A preliminary assessment
.....................................51
6.1
Unemployment and employment
..........................................................51
6.2
Benefit receipt
.......................................................................................52
6.3
Earnings
.................................................................................................53
6.4
Public expenditure
.................................................................................55
6.5
Poverty
..................................................................................................56
6.6
Overall assessment
................................................................................57
7
Summary and outlook
........................................................................,.........59
List of abbreviations
.........................................................................................62
References
........................................................................................................63
The French Strategy against Unemployment: Innovative but Inconsistent...
69
J.-C.
Barbier
and O.
Kaufmann
1
Activation in France: An overall perspective
...........................................70
2
The legal foundations of activation measures
..........................................72
2.1
Constitutional principles and foundations governing activation
measures
..............................................................................................73
2.2
Social security and labour relations: Legal framework
........................76
3
Minimum income benefits and other assistance benefits
............................79
3.1
Overview
...............................................................................................79
3.2
Various minimum income benefits
.......................................................79
4
Unemployment insurance and assistance
(régime
d assurance chômage)...
84
4.1
Organisation
..........................................................................................84
4.2
The contribution-based protection regime
(régime contributif)...........
85
4.3
Unemployment insurance
(régime de solidarité)
..................................92
5
The public employment service and employment programmes
..................94
Contents
vii
5.1
Overview
...............................................................................................94
5.2
Subsidised employment contracts
(contrats aidés)...............................
97
5.3
New type of employment contract with short dismissal periods
........105
6
Controls and sanctions
...............................................................................108
6.1
Sanctions imposed on beneficiaries for non-compliance with duties
. 109
6.2
De-registration of claimants
................................................................110
6.3
Sanctions affecting benefits
................................................................110
6.4
Competences, procedures and legal protection
...................................
Ill
7
The second leg of the strategy: Reforming the funding of social
protection/labour law and fostering employment creation
........................
Ill
7.1
Activating the funding of social protection
.........................................
Ill
7.2
Social contribution reductions and tax credits: From targeting
to a gradual mainstreaming
.................................................................112
7.3
Family benefits are unlikely candidates to activation
.........................114
8
Exit or activation for early retirees and disabled people?
..........................116
References
.......................................................................................................119
The Swiss Road to Activation: Legal Aspects, Implementation
and Outcomes
.....................................................................................................121
F. Bertozzi, G. BonoliandF. Ross
1
Introduction
................................................................................................122
1.1
General observations on activation in Switzerland
.............................122
1.2
The legal concept of activation
...........................................................123
2
The context of activation
............................................................................124
2.1
The Swiss welfare state
.......................................................................124
2.2
The socio-economic context of activation
..........................................126
3
The development of activation
...................................................................128
3.1
Trends in activation within the unemployment insurance scheme
.....129
3.2
Developing activation in social assistance and unemployment
assistance programmes
........................................................................130
3.3
Activating disabled people
..................................................................130
4
The legal aspects of activation
...................................................................131
4.1
The impact of labour law
....................................................................131
4.2
Target group of activation
...................................................................132
4.3
Legal schemes of activation
................................................................134
5
The implementation and the governance of activation
..............................145
5.1
The implementation of activation
.......................................................145
5.2
The governance of activation
..............................................................148
6
The outcomes of activation
........................................................................149
6.1
Activation and labour market conditions
............................................149
6.2
Evaluation of activation within the unemployment insurance
scheme
.................................................................................................150
7
Conclusions
................................................................................................154
List of abbreviations
.......................................................................................155
References
.......................................................................................................157
viii Contents
Activation as a Socio-Economic and Legal Concept:
Laboratorium
the Netherlands
.........................................................................161
E. Sol, M.
Sichert,
H.
van
Lieshout,
and
T.
Koning
1
Introduction
................................................................................................162
2
Transformations towards an activating welfare state
................................165
2.1
Social notion of activation
..................................................................165
2.2
Definition of activation
.......................................................................169
2.3
Legal notion of activation
...................................................................169
2.4
Legal framework and constitutional basis for activation
....................173
3
Instruments: Changes in benefits, benefit conditionality and enabling
schemes
......................................................................................................175
3.1
Unemployment Insurance Law
(Werkloosheidswet, WW)................
176
3.2
The Work and Welfare Act (Wet
Werk en Bijstand,
WWB)
.............182
3.3
The Act on Employment and Income Depending on Working
Capacity (Wet
Werk en Inkomen naar Arbeidsvermogen, WIA
Act)
185
4
Governance and actual implementation process
........................................189
4.1
Governance in a bird s eye view
.........................................................189
4.2
Major features regarding the application of legal provisions
.............200
4.3
Legal issues of contracting out and
réintégration
services
.................203
5
Outcomes: Activation works, or does it?
...................................................209
5.1
Effects of employment services for return to work
.............................209
5.2
Costs and benefits of employment services
........................................211
5.3
Unemployment benefit: Individual
reintegration
agreements
............211
5.4
Social assistance: Work first
...............................................................212
5.5
Discussion
...........................................................................................212
6
Concluding remarks: Activation law and policy
.......................................214
6.1
Mutual obligations
..............................................................................216
6.2
Right to integration
.............................................................................216
6.3
A legal doctrine?
.................................................................................217
References
......................................................................................................218
Making All Persons Work: Modern Danish Labour Market Policies
..........221
J.
Kvist,
L.
Peder
sen, and
P.A. Köhler
1
Introduction
................................................................................................222
2
General orientation of the political ideas of Danish activation:
Activation as a concept
..............................................................................222
3
Changing target groups
..............................................................................224
4
General labour laws in Denmark
...............................................................227
4.1
Labour law: Enacted law alongside collective bargaining law
...........228
4.2
The right to terminate employment
.....................................................229
4.3
Types of dismissal and dismissal reasons
......................,....................230
4.4
Legal consequences: Recourse to the courts
.......................................232
5
The law of unemployment insurance
.......................,.................................233
5.1
Membership
-
financing
-
organisation
.............................................233
5.2
Benefit eligibility and entitlements
.....................................................234
Contents
5.3
Benefit conditionality
..........................................................................236
5.4 Legal
recourse
.....................................................................................237
6
Activation measures
...................................................................................237
6.1
The developments of activation policy
1979-2006............................239
6.2
Activation as a process: Implementation and governance
..................244
7
Outcomes of activation
..............................................................................246
7.1
The effect on search activity
...............................................................247
7.2
The effect on skill and search cost
......................................................249
7.3
The welfare effects
..............................................................................251
7.4
Indirect labour market effects
.............................................................252
8
Conclusion
..................................................................................................253
References
.......................................................................................................255
Activation Policies in Sweden: Something Old, Something New,
Something Borrowed and Something Blue
....................................................257
P.A. Köhler,
K.H.
Thorén,
and
R. Ulmestig
1
Introduction
................................................................................................258
1.1
General labour laws in Sweden
...........................................................259
1.2
Dismissal protection law
.....................................................................260
2
Welfare arrangements for unemployed in Sweden
....................................263
2.1
From the economic crisis in the
1990s
until today
.............................264
2.2
Unemployment insurance
....................................................................266
2.3
Social assistance as the last safety-net
................................................269
2.4
Activity support
...................................................................................270
3
Labour market policy programmes
............................................................271
3.1
Labour market policy legislation
.........................................................271
3.2
The development of municipal activation policy
................................276
3.3
Active programmes in Sweden: What do they entail?
....................277
3.4
Current and proposed changes on labour market policy
.....................279
4
Rights and obligations within activation measures in Sweden
..................281
4.1
Rights and obligations: Instruments for monitoring
...........................281
4.2
Rights and obligations within municipal activation programmes
.......282
5
Governance and implementation of activation programmes
.....................283
5.1
A central organisation for ALMP programmes
..................................283
5.2
Local practices within municipal activation programmes
..................284
5.3
Implementation difficulties
.................................................................286
6
Data and outcomes on activation policies
..................................................287
6.1
Results and effects of ALMP programmes
.........................................287
6.2
Research on municipal activation programmes
..................................289
7
Concluding remarks on activation in Sweden
...........................................290
List of abbreviations
.......................................................................................293
References
......................................................................................................294
Contents
Employment First : Activating the British Welfare State
............................297
D. Finn andB.
Schulte
1
Introduction
................................................................................................298
2
The legal foundation and governance of the British welfare state
............298
3
The benefit system for working age people
...............................................299
3.1
Main cash benefits for people of working age
....................................300
3.2
Trends in benefit expenditure
..............................................................302
4
Activation policies
.....................................................................................304
4.1
Benefit reform and activation in the conservative era
........................304
4.2
New Labour s inheritance: Falling unemployment and increasing
benefit dependency
..............................................................................307
4.3
Activation under New Labour: A new contract for welfare
.............307
5
The governance of activation
.....................................................................320
5.1
Jobcentre Plus
......................................................................................321
5.2
Partnerships, contracts and contestability
...........................................322
6
Outcomes of activation policies
.................................................................323
6.1
What Works : The role of evaluation
................................................323
6.2
Employment, unemployment and inactivity
.......................................324
6.3
Benefit durations, leavers and repeaters
...........................................325
6.4
The impact of activation requirements
................................................328
6.5
The impact of Make Work Pay
........................................................329
6.6
The impact of the New Deals and Employment Zones
......................331
6.7
Sanctions research
...............................................................................333
6.8
Implementation research and the New Deals
......................................334
6.9
The impact of activation policies on individual rights
........................335
7
Conclusions and outlook
............................................................................337
List of abbreviations
.......................................................................................340
References
......................................................................................................341
Activation from Income Support in the US
....................................................345
B. Quade, C.J. O Leary, andO. Dupper
1
Introduction
................................................................................................346
1.1
Evolution of activation in policy
.........................................................348
1.2
Socio-economic context
......................................................................351
1.3
Activation target groups
......................................................................354
1.4
The US employment promotion system
..............................................354
2
Legal framework
............................................................................,...........356
2.1
Constitutional law
...............................................................................356
2.2
Federal framework legislation
.............................................................358
3
Activation in practice
.................................................................................367
3.1
Unemployment insurance
....................................................................367
3.2
Federal social assistance
.....................................................................380
3.3
Tax incentive programmes
..................................................................396
4
Conclusion
.......................................................................................».........404
Contents xi
4.1
Effects of activation on the legal position of the individual
...............405
4.2
Economic effects of activation
............................................................406
List of abbreviations
.......................................................................................408
References
.......................................................................................................410
Does Activation Work?
......................................................................................415
R. Konle-Seidl and W.
Eichhorst
1
Evidence on micro- and macroeconomic outcomes
..................................416
1.1
Theoretical considerations
...................................................................417
1.2
Review of empirical results on individual effects
...............................418
1.3
Evidence on macro-effects
..................................................................422
1.4
Summarising the empirical evidence
..................................................427
2
The welfare state perspective: Is there a contingent convergence
of activation policies?
................................................................................429
2.1
Different worlds of activation?
...........................................................429
2.2
Contingent convergence concerning the instruments of activation
.... 434
2.3
Contingent convergence across target groups of activation
................436
2.4
Contingent convergence in terms of governance
................................446
2.5
Contingent convergence in activation: Variations on a common
theme
...................................................................................................438
3
Outlook: The future of activation
...............................................................439
References
.......................................................................................................442
Activation from a Legal Point of View: Concluding Remarks
......................445
H.-J.
Reinhard
and
О
. Kaufmann
1
The legal framework
..................................................................................446
1.1
The term activation
..........................................................................446
1.2
Constitutional parameters
....................................................................448
1.3
Other sources of law
............................................................................449
1.4
Enforcement of legal provisions and sanctions
...................................451
1.5
Control of benefit access and sojourn time
.........................................453
2
The comparative view
................................................................................454
2.1
The legal assessment of activation
..................................................454
2.2
Constitutional constraints
....................................................................456
2.3
The complexity of legal norms
............................................................456
2.4
Transfer to the regional and local level
...............................................458
2.5
Control and ways out of activation
..................................................459
2.6
Outlook: The possible contribution of law for activation issues
.....459
Authors and Editors
...........................................................................................461
List of Tables and Figures
..---------------------------..........................................471
List of tables
...................................................................................................471
List of figures
..................................................................................................473
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Preface
.xiii
Bringing the Jobless into Work? An Introduction to Activation Policies
.1
W.
Eichhorst,
О.
Kaufmann, R. Konle-Seidl, andH.-J. Reinhard
1
The broad shift towards activation
.2
2
Objectives of activation policies
.3
3
Defining activation
.4
4
Target groups of activation
.7
5
The economic view: Countering work disincentives
.8
6
The welfare state perspective: Convergence and divergence across
countries
.9
7
International and supranational influences
.10
8
The legal point of view: Implication for social rights
.12
9
How to implement activation policies? implications for the new
welfare governance
.13
10
The specific contribution of this volume
.14
11
Outline of the volume and the country chapters
.15
References
.16
Activation Policies in Germany: From Status Protection to Basic Income
Support
.,.17
W.
Eichhorst,
M.
Grienberger-Zingerle, and
R.
Konle-Seidl
1
Introduction
.18
2
The shift towards activation
.18
2.1
The legacy of a conservative European welfare state
18
2.2
The old system of unemployment benefits
.19
2.3
The
Hartz
reforms
.21
2.4
The political logic behind the policy shift
.23
2.5
The silent change of the welfare state logic: From Bismarck
to
Beveridge?
.25
3
Activating labour market policy today
.27
3.1
The general framework
.27
3.2
Target groups
.28
3.3
Demanding and
promoting
under SGB HI {unemployment
insurance)
.29
vi
Contents
3.4
Demanding and promoting principles under SGBII (basic income
scheme)
.30
3.5
The personal integration agreement
.34
3.6
Sanctions
.35
3.7
Activation measures for unemployment insurance benefit recipients
. 36
3.8
Activation measures for basic income support recipients
.37
4
Constitutional constraints to activation
.39
4.1
Constitutional guarantee of a subsistence minimum
.39
4.2
The property guarantee
.40
4.3
Constitutional guarantee of free choice of occupation
.41
5
Governance and implementation
.42
5.1
Distribution of competences
.42
5.2
Changes in the organisational setting
.43
5.3
Federal employment agency
j
obcentres for the short-term
unemployed
.43
5.4 ARGE
jobcentres and municipal agencies for the long-term
unemployed
.46
5.5
Implementation
.48
6
Outcomes of activation: A preliminary assessment
.51
6.1
Unemployment and employment
.51
6.2
Benefit receipt
.52
6.3
Earnings
.53
6.4
Public expenditure
.55
6.5
Poverty
.56
6.6
Overall assessment
.57
7
Summary and outlook
.,.59
List of abbreviations
.62
References
.63
The French Strategy against Unemployment: Innovative but Inconsistent.
69
J.-C.
Barbier
and O.
Kaufmann
1
"Activation" in France: An overall perspective
.70
2
The legal foundations of "activation measures"
.72
2.1
Constitutional principles and foundations governing "activation
measures"
.73
2.2
Social security and labour relations: Legal framework
.76
3
Minimum income benefits and other assistance benefits
.79
3.1
Overview
.79
3.2
Various minimum income benefits
.79
4
Unemployment insurance and assistance
(régime
d'assurance chômage).
84
4.1
Organisation
.84
4.2
The contribution-based protection regime
(régime contributif).
85
4.3
Unemployment insurance
(régime de solidarité)
.92
5
The public employment service and employment programmes
.94
Contents
vii
5.1
Overview
.94
5.2
Subsidised employment contracts
(contrats aidés).
97
5.3
New type of employment contract with short dismissal periods
.105
6
Controls and sanctions
.108
6.1
Sanctions imposed on beneficiaries for non-compliance with duties
. 109
6.2
De-registration of claimants
.110
6.3
Sanctions affecting benefits
.110
6.4
Competences, procedures and legal protection
.
Ill
7
The second leg of the strategy: Reforming the funding of social
protection/labour law and fostering employment creation
.
Ill
7.1
Activating the funding of social protection
.
Ill
7.2
Social contribution reductions and tax credits: From targeting
to a gradual mainstreaming
.112
7.3
Family benefits are unlikely candidates to activation
.114
8
Exit or activation for early retirees and disabled people?
.116
References
.119
The Swiss Road to Activation: Legal Aspects, Implementation
and Outcomes
.121
F. Bertozzi, G. BonoliandF. Ross
1
Introduction
.122
1.1
General observations on activation in Switzerland
.122
1.2
The legal concept of activation
.123
2
The context of activation
.124
2.1
The Swiss welfare state
.124
2.2
The socio-economic context of activation
.126
3
The development of activation
.128
3.1
Trends in activation within the unemployment insurance scheme
.129
3.2
Developing activation in social assistance and unemployment
assistance programmes
.130
3.3
Activating disabled people
.130
4
The legal aspects of activation
.131
4.1
The impact of labour law
.131
4.2
Target group of activation
.132
4.3
Legal schemes of activation
.134
5
The implementation and the governance of activation
.145
5.1
The implementation of activation
.145
5.2
The governance of activation
.148
6
The outcomes of activation
.149
6.1
Activation and labour market conditions
.149
6.2
Evaluation of activation within the unemployment insurance
scheme
.150
7
Conclusions
.154
List of abbreviations
.155
References
.157
viii Contents
Activation as a Socio-Economic and Legal Concept:
Laboratorium
the Netherlands
.161
E. Sol, M.
Sichert,
H.
van
Lieshout,
and
T.
Koning
1
Introduction
.162
2
Transformations towards an activating welfare state
.165
2.1
Social notion of activation
.165
2.2
Definition of activation
.169
2.3
Legal notion of activation
.169
2.4
Legal framework and constitutional basis for activation
.173
3
Instruments: Changes in benefits, benefit conditionality and enabling
schemes
.175
3.1
Unemployment Insurance Law
(Werkloosheidswet, WW).
176
3.2
The Work and Welfare Act (Wet
Werk en Bijstand,
WWB)
.182
3.3
The Act on Employment and Income Depending on Working
Capacity (Wet
Werk en Inkomen naar Arbeidsvermogen, WIA
Act)
185
4
Governance and actual implementation process
.189
4.1
Governance in a bird's eye view
.189
4.2
Major features regarding the application of legal provisions
.200
4.3
Legal issues of contracting out and
réintégration
services
.203
5
Outcomes: Activation works, or does it?
.209
5.1
Effects of employment services for return to work
.209
5.2
Costs and benefits of employment services
.211
5.3
Unemployment benefit: Individual
reintegration
agreements
.211
5.4
Social assistance: Work first
.212
5.5
Discussion
.212
6
Concluding remarks: Activation law and policy
.214
6.1
Mutual obligations
.216
6.2
Right to integration
.216
6.3
A legal doctrine?
.217
References
.218
Making All Persons Work: Modern Danish Labour Market Policies
.221
J.
Kvist,
L.
Peder
sen, and
P.A. Köhler
1
Introduction
.222
2
General orientation of the political ideas of Danish activation:
Activation as a concept
.222
3
Changing target groups
.224
4
General labour laws in Denmark
.227
4.1
Labour law: Enacted law alongside collective bargaining law
.228
4.2
The right to terminate employment
.229
4.3
Types of dismissal and dismissal reasons
.,.230
4.4
Legal consequences: Recourse to the courts
.232
5
The law of unemployment insurance
.,.233
5.1
Membership
-
financing
-
organisation
.233
5.2
Benefit eligibility and entitlements
.234
Contents
5.3
Benefit conditionality
.236
5.4 Legal
recourse
.237
6
Activation measures
.237
6.1
The developments of activation policy
1979-2006.239
6.2
Activation as a process: Implementation and governance
.244
7
Outcomes of activation
.246
7.1
The effect on search activity
.247
7.2
The effect on skill and search cost
.249
7.3
The welfare effects
.251
7.4
Indirect labour market effects
.252
8
Conclusion
.253
References
.255
Activation Policies in Sweden: "Something Old, Something New,
Something Borrowed and Something Blue"
.257
P.A. Köhler,
K.H.
Thorén,
and
R. Ulmestig
1
Introduction
.258
1.1
General labour laws in Sweden
.259
1.2
Dismissal protection law
.260
2
Welfare arrangements for unemployed in Sweden
.263
2.1
From the economic crisis in the
1990s
until today
.264
2.2
Unemployment insurance
.266
2.3
Social assistance as the last safety-net
.269
2.4
Activity support
.270
3
Labour market policy programmes
.271
3.1
Labour market policy legislation
.271
3.2
The development of municipal activation policy
.276
3.3
"Active" programmes in Sweden: What do they entail?
.277
3.4
Current and proposed changes on labour market policy
.279
4
Rights and obligations within activation measures in Sweden
.281
4.1
Rights and obligations: Instruments for monitoring
.281
4.2
Rights and obligations within municipal activation programmes
.282
5
Governance and implementation of activation programmes
.283
5.1
A central organisation for ALMP programmes
.283
5.2
Local practices within municipal activation programmes
.284
5.3
Implementation difficulties
.286
6
Data and outcomes on activation policies
.287
6.1
Results and effects of ALMP programmes
.287
6.2
Research on municipal activation programmes
.289
7
Concluding remarks on activation in Sweden
.290
List of abbreviations
.293
References
.294
Contents
'Employment First': Activating the British Welfare State
.297
D. Finn andB.
Schulte
1
Introduction
.298
2
The legal foundation and governance of the British welfare state
.298
3
The benefit system for working age people
.299
3.1
Main cash benefits for people of working age
.300
3.2
Trends in benefit expenditure
.302
4
Activation policies
.304
4.1
Benefit reform and activation in the conservative era
.304
4.2
New Labour's inheritance: Falling unemployment and increasing
benefit dependency
.307
4.3
Activation under New Labour: A 'new contract for welfare'
.307
5
The governance of activation
.320
5.1
Jobcentre Plus
.321
5.2
Partnerships, contracts and contestability
.322
6
Outcomes of activation policies
.323
6.1
'What Works': The role of evaluation
.323
6.2
Employment, unemployment and inactivity
.324
6.3
Benefit durations, leavers and 'repeaters'
.325
6.4
The impact of activation requirements
.328
6.5
The impact of 'Make Work Pay'
.329
6.6
The impact of the New Deals and Employment Zones
.331
6.7
Sanctions research
.333
6.8
Implementation research and the New Deals
.334
6.9
The impact of activation policies on individual rights
.335
7
Conclusions and outlook
.337
List of abbreviations
.340
References
.341
Activation from Income Support in the US
.345
B. Quade, C.J. O'Leary, andO. Dupper
1
Introduction
.346
1.1
Evolution of activation in policy
.348
1.2
Socio-economic context
.351
1.3
Activation target groups
.354
1.4
The US employment promotion system
.354
2
Legal framework
.,.356
2.1
Constitutional law
.356
2.2
Federal framework legislation
.358
3
Activation in practice
.367
3.1
Unemployment insurance
.367
3.2
Federal social assistance
.380
3.3
Tax incentive programmes
.396
4
Conclusion
.».404
Contents xi
4.1
Effects of activation on the legal position of the individual
.405
4.2
Economic effects of activation
.406
List of abbreviations
.408
References
.410
Does Activation Work?
.415
R. Konle-Seidl and W.
Eichhorst
1
Evidence on micro- and macroeconomic outcomes
.416
1.1
Theoretical considerations
.417
1.2
Review of empirical results on individual effects
.418
1.3
Evidence on macro-effects
.422
1.4
Summarising the empirical evidence
.427
2
The welfare state perspective: Is there a "contingent convergence"
of activation policies?
.429
2.1
Different worlds of activation?
.429
2.2
Contingent convergence concerning the instruments of activation
. 434
2.3
Contingent convergence across target groups of activation
.436
2.4
Contingent convergence in terms of governance
.446
2.5
Contingent convergence in activation: Variations on a common
theme
.438
3
Outlook: The future of activation
.439
References
.442
Activation from a Legal Point of View: Concluding Remarks
.445
H.-J.
Reinhard
and
О
. Kaufmann
1
The legal framework
.446
1.1
The term "activation"
.446
1.2
Constitutional parameters
.448
1.3
Other sources of law
.449
1.4
Enforcement of legal provisions and sanctions
.451
1.5
Control of benefit access and sojourn time
.453
2
The comparative view
.454
2.1
The legal assessment of "activation"
.454
2.2
Constitutional constraints
.456
2.3
The complexity of legal norms
.456
2.4
Transfer to the regional and local level
.458
2.5
Control and "ways out" of activation
.459
2.6
Outlook: The possible contribution of law for "activation" issues
.459
Authors and Editors
.461
List of Tables and Figures
.---------------------------.471
List of tables
.471
List of figures
.473 |
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| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| discipline_str_mv | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| spelling | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US Werner Eichhorst ... ed. Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2008 XIV, 473 S. Ill.,graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Over the last decade, many industrialized countries shifted from passive unemployment & welfare benefit regimes & traditional active labor market & social policies to activation strategies by making benefit receipt conditional upon accepting job offers or participation in active labor market schemes. This book discusses this topic. Werkgelegenheidsbeleid gtt Manpower policy Europe Manpower policy United States Arbeitsmarktpolitik (DE-588)4002737-5 gnd rswk-swf Europa USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g Arbeitsmarktpolitik (DE-588)4002737-5 s USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g b DE-604 Eichhorst, Werner Sonstige oth Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-540-77435-8 http://d-nb.info/990358445/04 Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016806979&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US Werkgelegenheidsbeleid gtt Manpower policy Europe Manpower policy United States Arbeitsmarktpolitik (DE-588)4002737-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4002737-5 (DE-588)4078704-7 (DE-588)4015701-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |
| title_auth | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |
| title_exact_search | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |
| title_full | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US Werner Eichhorst ... ed. |
| title_fullStr | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US Werner Eichhorst ... ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bringing the jobless into work? experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US Werner Eichhorst ... ed. |
| title_short | Bringing the jobless into work? |
| title_sort | bringing the jobless into work experiences with activation schemes in europe and the us |
| title_sub | experiences with activation schemes in Europe and the US |
| topic | Werkgelegenheidsbeleid gtt Manpower policy Europe Manpower policy United States Arbeitsmarktpolitik (DE-588)4002737-5 gnd |
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