Armed Batavians: use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450)
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English Dutch |
| Published: |
Amsterdam
Amsterdam Univ. Press
2007
|
| Series: | Amsterdam archaeological studies
11 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Contributor biographical information Publisher description Table of contents only Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturverz. S. 260 - 284 |
| Physical Description: | X, 407 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9789053562536 9053562532 |
| DOI: | 10.1515/9789048515790 |
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| adam_text |
Titel: Armed Batavians
Autor: Nicolay, Johan
Jahr: 2007
CONTENTS
PREFACE
1 INTRODUCTION I
1.1 Background, objectives and development of the research i
1.2 Geographical context and specific characteristics of the research region 3
1.3 'Military' and 'civilian' during the Roman period io
2 MILITARY EQUIPMENT AND HORSE GEAR: A SURVEY 13
2.1 Military equipment 13
2.1.1 Defensive weaponry 13
2.1.2 Offensive weaponry 25
2.1.3 Belts, aprons and baldrics 34
2.1.4 Signalling instruments and military distinctions 41
2.2 Horse gear 44
2.2.1 Bridle 45
2.2.2 Saddle 47
2.2.3 Girths 48
2.3 Phasing and historical context 60
3 AN ANALYSIS OF THE FINDS AT THE REGIONAL AND SITE LEVEL 65
3.1 Chronological analysis 65
3.1.1 Archaeological visibility 66
3.1.2 Chronological patterns in the finds 68
3.1.3 Chronological analysis per type of find context 69
3.2 Geographical analysis 72
3.2.1 Collection method and representativity 74
3.2.2 Geographical distribution of the finds 81
3.2.3 The research region in a northwest European context 85
3.3 Composition and spatial distribution at the site level 90
3.3.1 Rural Settlements and cemeteries 91
3.3.2 The urban centres at Nijmegen 115
3.3.3 Cult places 120
3.3.4 Rivers 124
3.4 Conclusion 128
4 PRODUCTION AND SYMBOLIC IMAGESY 129
4.1 The production of weaponry and horse gear 129
4.1.1 Mediterranean imports 130
4.1.2 Self-sufBcient army units: production in military fabricae 131
4.1.3 The rise of private Workshops 134
4.1.4 Centralised production in state Workshops 137
4.2 Decoration and symbolism 138
4.2.1 PoHticd Propaganda: the glorification of the imperial family 138
4.2.2 The invincibility of Rome 145
4.2.3 Appeals for divine protection 149
4.3 Conclusion 155
5 MILITARY EQUIPMENT AND THE LIFE CYCLE OF A ROMAN SOLDIER 157
5.1 The life cycle of a Roman soldier 157
5.1.1 Enlistment, military Service and honourable discharge: probatus, signatus, miles and veteranus 158
5.1.2 Veteran's work and place of residence after their missio honesta 161
5.1.3 The origin of veterans who settled in the eastern Rhine delta 164
5.2 Use of weaponry and horse gear during the life of a soldier 166
5.2.1 The acquisition of military equipment and the question of ownership 166
5.2.2 Military use: functional objects and symbols of rank, wealth and Status 171
5.2.3 'Social use' after completing military Service: personal memorabilia 173
5.3 Types of social use in the different non-military contexts 177
5.3.1 Ritual deposition at cult places 177
5.3.2 River finds: deliberate depositions, lost items and washout material 181
5.3.3 Urban centres: lost objects, deliberate depositions and kept object 189
5.3.4 Rural Settlements: ritual depositions and discarded items 193
5.3.5 Graves: gifts for the dead 199
5.4 Conclusion 206
6 NON-MILITARY USE OF WEAPONRY AND HORSE GEAR IN
URBAN AND RURAL SETTLEMENTS 207
6.1 The bearing of arms by non-soldiers 207
6.1.1 The Corpus Juris Civilis: a ban on weapons possession by civilians? 207
6.1.2 Lances, spears, arrows and sling shot: hunting weapons 208
6.1.3 Swords and daggers: weapons for civilian self-defence 211
6.2 Military-civilian use of the dngulum and baldric 215
6.3 Non-military uses of horse gear 217
6.3.1 Local horse breeding to supply the Roman army 217
6.3.2 Finds of the Gallo-Roman double yoke and the role of horses as draught animals 220
6.3.3 Protective symbols for civilian mounts 225
6.4 Conclusion 235
7 WARRIORS, SOLDIERS AND CIVILIANS. USE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF
WEAPONRY AND HORSE GEAR IN A CHANGING S O C I O - P O L IT I C A L
CONTEXT 237
7.1 The pre-Roman Situation: the importance of warriorship 237
7.2 Consequences of the Roman takeover: continuity and discontinuity of late Iron Age traditions 244
7.3 A 'civilian' lifestyle at the imperial frontier 251
7.4 'Germanic' newcomers and a revival of martial values? 254
7.5 Conclusion 258
Abbreviations 259
Bibliography 260
Appendices 1-4 287
About the plates and the catalogue 311
Plates 1-96 312 |
| adam_txt |
Titel: Armed Batavians
Autor: Nicolay, Johan
Jahr: 2007
CONTENTS
PREFACE
1 INTRODUCTION I
1.1 Background, objectives and development of the research i
1.2 Geographical context and specific characteristics of the research region 3
1.3 'Military' and 'civilian' during the Roman period io
2 MILITARY EQUIPMENT AND HORSE GEAR: A SURVEY 13
2.1 Military equipment 13
2.1.1 Defensive weaponry 13
2.1.2 Offensive weaponry 25
2.1.3 Belts, aprons and baldrics 34
2.1.4 Signalling instruments and military distinctions 41
2.2 Horse gear 44
2.2.1 Bridle 45
2.2.2 Saddle 47
2.2.3 Girths 48
2.3 Phasing and historical context 60
3 AN ANALYSIS OF THE FINDS AT THE REGIONAL AND SITE LEVEL 65
3.1 Chronological analysis 65
3.1.1 Archaeological visibility 66
3.1.2 Chronological patterns in the finds 68
3.1.3 Chronological analysis per type of find context 69
3.2 Geographical analysis 72
3.2.1 Collection method and representativity 74
3.2.2 Geographical distribution of the finds 81
3.2.3 The research region in a northwest European context 85
3.3 Composition and spatial distribution at the site level 90
3.3.1 Rural Settlements and cemeteries 91
3.3.2 The urban centres at Nijmegen 115
3.3.3 Cult places 120
3.3.4 Rivers 124
3.4 Conclusion 128
4 PRODUCTION AND SYMBOLIC IMAGESY 129
4.1 The production of weaponry and horse gear 129
4.1.1 Mediterranean imports 130
4.1.2 Self-sufBcient army units: production in military fabricae 131
4.1.3 The rise of private Workshops 134
4.1.4 Centralised production in state Workshops 137
4.2 Decoration and symbolism 138
4.2.1 PoHticd Propaganda: the glorification of the imperial family 138
4.2.2 The invincibility of Rome 145
4.2.3 Appeals for divine protection 149
4.3 Conclusion 155
5 MILITARY EQUIPMENT AND THE LIFE CYCLE OF A ROMAN SOLDIER 157
5.1 The life cycle of a Roman soldier 157
5.1.1 Enlistment, military Service and honourable discharge: probatus, signatus, miles and veteranus 158
5.1.2 Veteran's work and place of residence after their missio honesta 161
5.1.3 The origin of veterans who settled in the eastern Rhine delta 164
5.2 Use of weaponry and horse gear during the life of a soldier 166
5.2.1 The acquisition of military equipment and the question of ownership 166
5.2.2 Military use: functional objects and symbols of rank, wealth and Status 171
5.2.3 'Social use' after completing military Service: personal memorabilia 173
5.3 Types of social use in the different non-military contexts 177
5.3.1 Ritual deposition at cult places 177
5.3.2 River finds: deliberate depositions, lost items and washout material 181
5.3.3 Urban centres: lost objects, deliberate depositions and kept object 189
5.3.4 Rural Settlements: ritual depositions and discarded items 193
5.3.5 Graves: gifts for the dead 199
5.4 Conclusion 206
6 NON-MILITARY USE OF WEAPONRY AND HORSE GEAR IN
URBAN AND RURAL SETTLEMENTS 207
6.1 The bearing of arms by non-soldiers 207
6.1.1 The Corpus Juris Civilis: a ban on weapons possession by civilians? 207
6.1.2 Lances, spears, arrows and sling shot: hunting weapons 208
6.1.3 Swords and daggers: weapons for civilian self-defence 211
6.2 Military-civilian use of the dngulum and baldric 215
6.3 Non-military uses of horse gear 217
6.3.1 Local horse breeding to supply the Roman army 217
6.3.2 Finds of the Gallo-Roman double yoke and the role of horses as draught animals 220
6.3.3 Protective symbols for civilian mounts 225
6.4 Conclusion 235
7 WARRIORS, SOLDIERS AND CIVILIANS. USE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF
WEAPONRY AND HORSE GEAR IN A CHANGING S O C I O - P O L IT I C A L
CONTEXT 237
7.1 The pre-Roman Situation: the importance of warriorship 237
7.2 Consequences of the Roman takeover: continuity and discontinuity of late Iron Age traditions 244
7.3 A 'civilian' lifestyle at the imperial frontier 251
7.4 'Germanic' newcomers and a revival of martial values? 254
7.5 Conclusion 258
Abbreviations 259
Bibliography 260
Appendices 1-4 287
About the plates and the catalogue 311
Plates 1-96 312 |
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1515/9789048515790 |
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| geographic | Rijn gtt Niederlande Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhein-Maas-Delta (DE-588)4116988-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rijn Niederlande Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhein-Maas-Delta |
| id | DE-604.BV035125399 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T22:22:42Z |
| indexdate | 2025-02-20T07:03:41Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789053562536 9053562532 |
| language | English Dutch |
| lccn | 2008423566 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016792995 |
| oclc_num | 179837019 |
| open_access_boolean | 1 |
| owner | DE-B1533 DE-M100 DE-12 DE-634 DE-210 DE-1052 DE-521 DE-1102 DE-1046 DE-1047 DE-1028 DE-Aug4 DE-573 DE-M347 DE-92 DE-1051 DE-898 DE-BY-UBR DE-859 DE-860 DE-188 DE-863 DE-BY-FWS DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-523 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-70 DE-2174 DE-127 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-150 DE-154 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-384 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 DE-20 DE-706 DE-824 DE-29 DE-739 |
| owner_facet | DE-B1533 DE-M100 DE-12 DE-634 DE-210 DE-1052 DE-521 DE-1102 DE-1046 DE-1047 DE-1028 DE-Aug4 DE-573 DE-M347 DE-92 DE-1051 DE-898 DE-BY-UBR DE-859 DE-860 DE-188 DE-863 DE-BY-FWS DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-523 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-70 DE-2174 DE-127 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-150 DE-154 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-384 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 DE-20 DE-706 DE-824 DE-29 DE-739 |
| physical | X, 407 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| psigel | ZDB-23-DGG ZDB-23-GOA DHB_JDG_ISBN_1 gbd_4_0908 |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Amsterdam Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Amsterdam archaeological studies |
| series2 | Amsterdam archaeological studies |
| spellingShingle | Nicolay, Johan 1974- Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) Amsterdam archaeological studies Archeologische vondsten gtt Graven (begraafplaats) gtt Nederzettingen gtt Oevers gtt Paardentuig gtt Wapenrusting gtt Funde Horses Netherlands Equipment and supplies Batavi (Germanic people) Bataver (DE-588)4004674-6 gnd Römerzeit (DE-588)4076769-3 gnd Waffe (DE-588)4064228-8 gnd Geschirr Zugtiere (DE-588)4157004-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4004674-6 (DE-588)4076769-3 (DE-588)4064228-8 (DE-588)4157004-2 (DE-588)4116988-8 |
| title | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) |
| title_auth | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) |
| title_exact_search | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) |
| title_full | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) Johan Nicolay |
| title_fullStr | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) Johan Nicolay |
| title_full_unstemmed | Armed Batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) Johan Nicolay |
| title_short | Armed Batavians |
| title_sort | armed batavians use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non military contexts in the rhine delta 50 bc to ad 450 |
| title_sub | use and significance of weaponry and horse gear from non-military contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 450) |
| topic | Archeologische vondsten gtt Graven (begraafplaats) gtt Nederzettingen gtt Oevers gtt Paardentuig gtt Wapenrusting gtt Funde Horses Netherlands Equipment and supplies Batavi (Germanic people) Bataver (DE-588)4004674-6 gnd Römerzeit (DE-588)4076769-3 gnd Waffe (DE-588)4064228-8 gnd Geschirr Zugtiere (DE-588)4157004-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Archeologische vondsten Graven (begraafplaats) Nederzettingen Oevers Paardentuig Wapenrusting Funde Horses Netherlands Equipment and supplies Batavi (Germanic people) Bataver Römerzeit Waffe Geschirr Zugtiere Rijn Niederlande Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands Antiquities, Roman Rhein-Maas-Delta |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0837/2008423566-b.html http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0837/2008423566-d.html http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0837/2008423566-t.html https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048515790 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016792995&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV011738502 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nicolayjohan armedbataviansuseandsignificanceofweaponryandhorsegearfromnonmilitarycontextsintherhinedelta50bctoad450 |