Kaszubi w Kanadzie:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Gdańsk
Zarząd Główny Zrzeszenia Kaszubsko-Pomorskiego
2008
|
| Edition: | Wyd. 2., uzup. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Kashubians in Canada |
| Physical Description: | 119, [1] s. il. kolor. - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788387258283 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Kashubians in Canada | ||
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804138101733326848 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis
tresei
Przedmowa
......................................................................................5
Od autora
.........................................................................................7
1.
Problemy spoleczno-polityczne i gospodarcze Pomorza
Gdańskiego w drugiej połowie
XIX
i na początku
XX
wieku
......11
1.1.
Podział administracyjny i ludność Pomorza Gdańskiego
.................11
1. 2.
Pruska polityka germanizacyjna
.......................................................14
1. 3.
Ludność polska wobec polityki pruskiej
...........................................19
1. 4.
Emigracja zarobkowa z Pomorza Gdańskiego
..................................23
2.
Emigracja do Kanady
.................................................................27
2. 1.
Przyczyny i charakter emigracji
........................................................27
2. 2.
Zasięgi stan liczebny emigracji z Kaszub
........................................34
2. 3.
Społeczno-gospodarcze skutki emigracji
..........................................36
2. 4.
Trasa i warunki podróży emigrantów
................................................37
3.
Osadnictwo kaszubskie w Kanadzie
.........................................45
3. 1.
Osadnictwo w prowincji Ontario przed przybyciem Kaszubów
.......45
3. 2.
Środowisko geograficzne ontaryjskiego obszaru osadniczego
..........51
3.3.
Początki osadnictwa kaszubskiego przy drodze kolonizacyjnej
Ottawa
-
Opeongo
.....................................................................................53
3. 4.
Skupiska emigrantów kaszubskich oraz ich warunki bytowe
...........60
3. 5.
Stosunki kościelne
.............................................................................69
3. 6.
Szkolnictwo
.......................................................................................79
3. 7.
Współczesność na ontaryjskich Kaszubach
......................................85
Zakończenie
...................................................................................96
Ważniejsza literatura
..................................................................107
Zrzeszenie Kaszubsko-Pomorskie
...............................................115
Kaszubski Zespół Parlamentarny
................................................117
Nota o autorze
............................................................................118
Beyerfrch·
Staatsbibliothek
Mönchen
Kashubians in Canada
(a synopsis)
Emigration from Kashubia forming an integral part of
Gdańsk
Kashubia (Pomerelia) and Polish lands represents the first Polish
labour emigration. It was already in
1848,
when firsts agents of
the Hamburg Shipping Company came to Kashubia to recruit
volunteers for an overseas journey. The fact that until
1860
the
voyage was free of charge for those who were leaving the Old
Continent for good, in settlement purposes, made this assignment
much easier and the offer more attractive.
The path of Kashubians led most often to North America,
more specifically, to the United States and Canada.
First Kashubian immigrants in Canada, who in great numbers
settled down in compact settlements of
Wilno
and Barry s Bay,
came from the poorest territories of Kashubia, namely from the
counties of
Kościerzyna
and
Bytowo.
It was poverty that forced
them to leave these sides. In most cases they would leave Kashubia
illegally without any permission from the Prussian authorities.
Canada attracted whole families as well as individual persons;
mainly married men, who after some time would bring over their
relatives. It was both a farm worker and a smallholding farmer who
travelled over the sea.
According to
Hieronim Derdowski,
by the end the 19th century
101
Canada
was inhabited by some
5 000
of Kashubian families. Most
of them lived in Ontario.
An important settlement route in Ontario was the
200
kilometers long Ottawa
—
Opeongo Road. In
1855,
an Irish man
-
Thomas French
-
was appointed as settlement agent along this
road. After the best plots had been distributed among the Scottish,
English and Irish settlers, the influx of volunteers decreased, and
it eventually ended. By that time French wrote a booklet entitled:
„Information for Intending Settlers on the Ottawa-Opeongo Road
and its Vicinity . This publication was sent to Germany, and the first
Kashubian settlers, who French referred to as „Prussians , arrived
in Renfrew already in
1858.
As evident in agent s reports which have
survived, the allocation of land began on
2
September
1859.
At the
time land was given to
Andrzej Kryszyński, Józef Jezierski, Michał
and
Maciej Szczypior,
and to
Mikołaj, Antoni
and
Franciszek
Princ.
By the end of the month, seven more immigrants came into the
possession of plots. Among them were
Tomasz Szulist, Maciej
Piekarski
and
Józef
Hine.
The initial period of settlement ended in
1864.
New emigrants
were not arriving and the authorities became aware that soils along
the Ottawa-Opeongo road were not suitable for farming. Thomas
French resigned from his post. Yet Kashubians remained.
The first settlers found the land untouched by a plough. It was
necessary not only to clear forests, but also to remove stones
—
some few thousand tonnes of rock. Pioneers constructed primitive
houses with mono-pitched roofs resembling huts. Timber was the
only construction material used.
Terrain obstructions strongly isolated Kashubians from the
world and other people, which contributed to the preservation of
original customs and products of material culture. Nature regulated
the rhythm of works in the field and forest. Newcomers stuck
together. They lived just like in their Old Country in these remote
homesteads, far away from any bigger towns. They would name
102
surrounding hills and rivers with names found in Polish lands.
Naturally, they spoke their mother tongue with each other, and they
also cultivated all customs and tradition.
In places deserted by British settlers, where even the Irish
hardened in the fight with nature could not endure, Kashubians
created an exemplary settlement.
The main wave of Kashubian emigration in the vicinity of
Renfrew ended in
1898.
By that time Kashubians had settled mainly
in the areas of present Brudenell,
Wilno,
Barry s Bay, Round Lake
Centre, Killatoe, Cambermere and Whitney.
The pioneering times were followed by a period of relative
prosperity. Its peak years date for the turn of the 19th and 20th
centuries. Prosperity ended in the 20s with the cease of mass
logging and export of tree trunks from the Madawaski Valley.
These were hard times for settlers. The land in abandoned farms
was overgrown, buildings were falling apart. It was as if time would
stop for these lands. In the middle of the 20th century, settlers lived
as they had used to
50
years earlier.
Canadian Kashubians entered into contemporary times, marked
with the break of the II World War, as a closed community living
on the same lands which they got to occupy over the century.
After the II World War the whole of Canada enjoyed an
economic development. A new wave of emigration hit the Ontario
Province. Immigrants, mainly from cities, became interested in the
beauty and historical past of this area. Hundreds of cottages were
bunt by numerous lakes, on plots unsuitable for farming; forests
were crosscut by roads, and the previously isolated areas became
connected with towns by a network of asphalt roads. The vicinity
was filled with tourists and trade was revived. Historical souvenirs
gained in value; people started to recognise and treasure them.
Presently, timber continues to be the most important source of
income for local inhabitants. However tourism, which is based on
the historical past of Kashubians and on the natural beauty of
103
landscape, is now located in the first place on a scale of economic
viability.
A former chaplain of Polish troops fighting in Ankona and
Monte
Cassino
—
Rev.
Rafał
Grzondziel
—
built in
1953
a chapel
by the Wadsworth Lake. On a neighbouring farm, which he had
bought, Rev. Grzondziel founded a great resort for holiday-makers
and for scouting camps. Over the years, the scouts centre has
attracted more and more Canadians of Polish descent from Ottawa,
Montreal, Toronto and Hamilton. Terrains by the Wadsworth Lake
were called Kashubia. Interestingly, a local post office for many years
stamped posted letters with a date and the office name
„Kaszuby .
They also used an occasional stamp with the inscription:
„Nigdy
do
zguby nie przyjdą Kaszubi .
In 1965,
descendants of Kashubian settlers founded in
Wilno
the
Polish Canadian Pioneer Centre. Thanks to the Centre s initiative a
memorial board, testifying about the contribution of Polish settlers into
the development of Canada, was placed on the Shrine Hill in
1972.
In
1975,
Wilno
commemorated the
1st
century of the first Polish
parish in Canada and of the Polish settlement. Celebrations included
the unveiling of the Pioneers Statue and opening of the Museum
of Polish Pioneers. The museum is commonly called Kashubian, as
most of its pieces refer to the Kashubian settlement.
Since the end of the
70s
summer camps for the Kashubian
youth from
Wilno
and Barry sBay have been organised in the little
town of
Kaszuby.
The Polish Heritage Institute
Kaszuby
was established on the
foundations of the Polish Pioneer Centre. The Institute obtained a
„Charter as a non-profit organisation in
1987
in Ottawa. It is also
an active member of the Polish Congress of Canada.
The Polish Heritage Institute
Kaszuby
supported the initiative of
the
Wilno
Heritage Park to establish the Heritage Park and to open
a museum in
Wilno.
This initiative proves that people of Kashubian
origins have a desire to record their history and tradition.
104
Polish emigration represents about
3%
of the population
in the Ontario Province and
10%
in the Renfrew County. Yet in
the Madawaski Vallye Polish descendants represent up to
90%
of the total population. The core of setdement is constituted by
four communes, such as Sherwood, Burns and Jones, Hagarty and
Richards and Radcliffe.
Nowadays, there are no remnants of old farming times in Barry s
Bay. It is a modern township with neat and clear built structures.
Wilno
has also changed considerably within the past years. The
town was visited by the Pope John Paul II during his
pügrimage
to
Canada.
Not surprisingly, inhabitants of
Wilno
and Barry s Bay have
already undergone advanced Canadian assimilation. They consider
themselves to be Canadians, but they do not turn away from the
culture of their ancestors land.
Kashubians from Ontario are promoted in Poland by the
Kashubian-Pomeranian Association—the most vivid non-governmental
organisation in
Gdańsk Pomerania
—
together with the Kashubian
Parliamentary Group chaired by Senator
Kazimierz
Kleina.
The contribution of Kashubians from the Madawaski Valley
into the development of Canada is obvious, but it deserves to be
even more emphasised, as no other ethnic group was willing to
manage these lands. Representatives of the Polish ethnic group can
be proud of this fact; what is indeed confirmed by the descendants
of Polish pioneers.
It is commonly known that no ethnic group is able to sustain its
cultural viability for a long period of time without any contacts with
the Old Country. Consequendy, efforts should focus on drawing
interest of Canadian Kashubians to our national and regional art
and literature, folk, native history, and to everything what is Polish
and Kashubian. Even more so, as the Kashubians from Ontario do
not dissociate themselves from culture of the country where their
forefathers descent from. They participated in the development of
105
a new nation on the Canadian land, but they always wanted to be
both Canadians and Poles.
Kashubians are attached to their land, which is most precious to
them and which must not be sold. So today Kashubians live in the
Country of the Maple Tree Leaf, strongly devoted to old traditions
which were preserved in the Ontario Province by their ancestors,
and which they continue to promote today.
Some
800
thousands of Poles live in Canada, and this number
constitutes about
3
per cent of inhabitants of this country. In this
number there are probably tens of thousands of Kashubians, part
of whom settled within the areas of present
Wilno,
Barry s Bay,
Round Lake Centre, Killatoe, Madawaska, Whitney, Cambermere,
Brudenell, Renfrew and Pembroke in the Ontario Province already
in the second half of the
1
9th century.
Tłumaczenie:
Emlina
106
|
| adam_txt |
Spis
tresei
Przedmowa
.5
Od autora
.7
1.
Problemy spoleczno-polityczne i gospodarcze Pomorza
Gdańskiego w drugiej połowie
XIX
i na początku
XX
wieku
.11
1.1.
Podział administracyjny i ludność Pomorza Gdańskiego
.11
1. 2.
Pruska polityka germanizacyjna
.14
1. 3.
Ludność polska wobec polityki pruskiej
.19
1. 4.
Emigracja zarobkowa z Pomorza Gdańskiego
.23
2.
Emigracja do Kanady
.27
2. 1.
Przyczyny i charakter emigracji
.27
2. 2.
Zasięgi stan liczebny emigracji z Kaszub
.34
2. 3.
Społeczno-gospodarcze skutki emigracji
.36
2. 4.
Trasa i warunki podróży emigrantów
.37
3.
Osadnictwo kaszubskie w Kanadzie
.45
3. 1.
Osadnictwo w prowincji Ontario przed przybyciem Kaszubów
.45
3. 2.
Środowisko geograficzne ontaryjskiego obszaru osadniczego
.51
3.3.
Początki osadnictwa kaszubskiego przy drodze kolonizacyjnej
Ottawa
-
Opeongo
.53
3. 4.
Skupiska emigrantów kaszubskich oraz ich warunki bytowe
.60
3. 5.
Stosunki kościelne
.69
3. 6.
Szkolnictwo
.79
3. 7.
Współczesność na ontaryjskich Kaszubach
.85
Zakończenie
.96
Ważniejsza literatura
.107
Zrzeszenie Kaszubsko-Pomorskie
.115
Kaszubski Zespół Parlamentarny
.117
Nota o autorze
.118
Beyerfrch·
Staatsbibliothek
Mönchen
Kashubians in Canada
(a synopsis)
Emigration from Kashubia forming an integral part of
Gdańsk
Kashubia (Pomerelia) and Polish lands represents the first Polish
labour emigration. It was already in
1848,
when firsts agents of
the Hamburg Shipping Company came to Kashubia to recruit
volunteers for an overseas journey. The fact that until
1860
the
voyage was free of charge for those who were leaving the Old
Continent for good, in settlement purposes, made this assignment
much easier and the offer more attractive.
The path of Kashubians led most often to North America,
more specifically, to the United States and Canada.
First Kashubian immigrants in Canada, who in great numbers
settled down in compact settlements of
Wilno
and Barry's Bay,
came from the poorest territories of Kashubia, namely from the
counties of
Kościerzyna
and
Bytowo.
It was poverty that forced
them to leave these sides. In most cases they would leave Kashubia
illegally without any permission from the Prussian authorities.
Canada attracted whole families as well as individual persons;
mainly married men, who after some time would bring over their
relatives. It was both a farm worker and a smallholding farmer who
travelled over the sea.
According to
Hieronim Derdowski,
by the end the 19th century
101
Canada
was inhabited by some
5 000
of Kashubian families. Most
of them lived in Ontario.
An important settlement route in Ontario was the
200
kilometers' long Ottawa
—
Opeongo Road. In
1855,
an Irish man
-
Thomas French
-
was appointed as settlement agent along this
road. After the best plots had been distributed among the Scottish,
English and Irish settlers, the influx of volunteers decreased, and
it eventually ended. By that time French wrote a booklet entitled:
„Information for Intending Settlers on the Ottawa-Opeongo Road
and its Vicinity". This publication was sent to Germany, and the first
Kashubian settlers, who French referred to as „Prussians", arrived
in Renfrew already in
1858.
As evident in agent's reports which have
survived, the allocation of land began on
2
September
1859.
At the
time land was given to
Andrzej Kryszyński, Józef Jezierski, Michał
and
Maciej Szczypior,
and to
Mikołaj, Antoni
and
Franciszek
Princ.
By the end of the month, seven more immigrants came into the
possession of plots. Among them were
Tomasz Szulist, Maciej
Piekarski
and
Józef
Hine.
The initial period of settlement ended in
1864.
New emigrants
were not arriving and the authorities became aware that soils along
the Ottawa-Opeongo road were not suitable for farming. Thomas
French resigned from his post. Yet Kashubians remained.
The first settlers found the land untouched by a plough. It was
necessary not only to clear forests, but also to remove stones
—
some few thousand tonnes of rock. Pioneers constructed primitive
houses with mono-pitched roofs resembling huts. Timber was the
only construction material used.
Terrain obstructions strongly isolated Kashubians from the
world and other people, which contributed to the preservation of
original customs and products of material culture. Nature regulated
the rhythm of works in the field and forest. Newcomers stuck
together. They lived just like in their Old Country in these remote
homesteads, far away from any bigger towns. They would name
102
surrounding hills and rivers with names found in Polish lands.
Naturally, they spoke their mother tongue with each other, and they
also cultivated all customs and tradition.
In places deserted by British settlers, where even the Irish
hardened in the fight with nature could not endure, Kashubians
created an exemplary settlement.
The main wave of Kashubian emigration in the vicinity of
Renfrew ended in
1898.
By that time Kashubians had settled mainly
in the areas of present Brudenell,
Wilno,
Barry's Bay, Round Lake
Centre, Killatoe, Cambermere and Whitney.
The pioneering times were followed by a period of relative
prosperity. Its peak years date for the turn of the 19th and 20th
centuries. Prosperity ended in the 20s with the cease of mass
logging and export of tree trunks from the Madawaski Valley.
These were hard times for settlers. The land in abandoned farms
was overgrown, buildings were falling apart. It was as if time would
stop for these lands. In the middle of the 20th century, settlers lived
as they had used to
50
years earlier.
Canadian Kashubians entered into contemporary times, marked
with the break of the II World War, as a closed community living
on the same lands which they got to occupy over the century.
After the II World War the whole of Canada enjoyed an
economic development. A new wave of emigration hit the Ontario
Province. Immigrants, mainly from cities, became interested in the
beauty and historical past of this area. Hundreds of cottages were
bunt by numerous lakes, on plots unsuitable for farming; forests
were crosscut by roads, and the previously isolated areas became
connected with towns by a network of asphalt roads. The vicinity
was filled with tourists and trade was revived. Historical souvenirs
gained in value; people started to recognise and treasure them.
Presently, timber continues to be the most important source of
income for local inhabitants. However tourism, which is based on
the historical past of Kashubians and on the natural beauty of
103
landscape, is now located in the first place on a scale of economic
viability.
A former chaplain of Polish troops fighting in Ankona and
Monte
Cassino
—
Rev.
Rafał
Grzondziel
—
built in
1953
a chapel
by the Wadsworth Lake. On a neighbouring farm, which he had
bought, Rev. Grzondziel founded a great resort for holiday-makers
and for scouting camps. Over the years, the scouts centre has
attracted more and more Canadians of Polish descent from Ottawa,
Montreal, Toronto and Hamilton. Terrains by the Wadsworth Lake
were called Kashubia. Interestingly, a local post office for many years
stamped posted letters with a date and the office name
„Kaszuby".
They also used an occasional stamp with the inscription:
„Nigdy
do
zguby nie przyjdą Kaszubi".
In 1965,
descendants of Kashubian settlers founded in
Wilno
the
Polish Canadian Pioneer Centre. Thanks to the Centre's initiative a
memorial board, testifying about the contribution of Polish settlers into
the development of Canada, was placed on the Shrine Hill in
1972.
In
1975,
Wilno
commemorated the
1st
century of the first Polish
parish in Canada and of the Polish settlement. Celebrations included
the unveiling of the Pioneers' Statue and opening of the Museum
of Polish Pioneers. The museum is commonly called Kashubian, as
most of its pieces refer to the Kashubian settlement.
Since the end of the
70s
summer camps for the Kashubian
youth from
Wilno
and Barry'sBay have been organised in the little
town of
Kaszuby.
The Polish Heritage Institute
Kaszuby
was established on the
foundations of the Polish Pioneer Centre. The Institute obtained a
„Charter" as a non-profit organisation in
1987
in Ottawa. It is also
an active member of the Polish Congress of Canada.
The Polish Heritage Institute
Kaszuby
supported the initiative of
the
Wilno
Heritage Park to establish the "Heritage Park" and to open
a museum in
Wilno.
This initiative proves that people of Kashubian
origins have a desire to record their history and tradition.
104
Polish emigration represents about
3%
of the population
in the Ontario Province and
10%
in the Renfrew County. Yet in
the Madawaski Vallye Polish descendants represent up to
90%
of the total population. The core of setdement is constituted by
four communes, such as Sherwood, Burns and Jones, Hagarty and
Richards and Radcliffe.
Nowadays, there are no remnants of old farming times in Barry's
Bay. It is a modern township with neat and clear built structures.
Wilno
has also changed considerably within the past years. The
town was visited by the Pope John Paul II during his
pügrimage
to
Canada.
Not surprisingly, inhabitants of
Wilno
and Barry's Bay have
already undergone advanced Canadian assimilation. They consider
themselves to be Canadians, but they do not turn away from the
culture of their ancestors' land.
Kashubians from Ontario are promoted in Poland by the
Kashubian-Pomeranian Association—the most vivid non-governmental
organisation in
Gdańsk Pomerania
—
together with the Kashubian
Parliamentary Group chaired by Senator
Kazimierz
Kleina.
The contribution of Kashubians from the Madawaski Valley
into the development of Canada is obvious, but it deserves to be
even more emphasised, as no other ethnic group was willing to
manage these lands. Representatives of the Polish ethnic group can
be proud of this fact; what is indeed confirmed by the descendants
of Polish pioneers.
It is commonly known that no ethnic group is able to sustain its
cultural viability for a long period of time without any contacts with
the Old Country. Consequendy, efforts should focus on drawing
interest of Canadian Kashubians to our national and regional art
and literature, folk, native history, and to everything what is Polish
and Kashubian. Even more so, as the Kashubians from Ontario do
not dissociate themselves from culture of the country where their
forefathers descent from. They participated in the development of
105
a new nation on the Canadian land, but they always wanted to be
both Canadians and Poles.
Kashubians are attached to their land, which is most precious to
them and which must not be sold. So today Kashubians live in the
Country of the Maple Tree Leaf, strongly devoted to old traditions
which were preserved in the Ontario Province by their ancestors,
and which they continue to promote today.
Some
800
thousands of Poles live in Canada, and this number
constitutes about
3
per cent of inhabitants of this country. In this
number there are probably tens of thousands of Kashubians, part
of whom settled within the areas of present
Wilno,
Barry's Bay,
Round Lake Centre, Killatoe, Madawaska, Whitney, Cambermere,
Brudenell, Renfrew and Pembroke in the Ontario Province already
in the second half of the
1
9th century.
Tłumaczenie:
Emlina
106 |
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| author | Ickiewicz, Kazimierz 1955- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)133149048 |
| author_facet | Ickiewicz, Kazimierz 1955- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Ickiewicz, Kazimierz 1955- |
| author_variant | k i ki |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035123126 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)297700201 (DE-599)BVBBV035123126 |
| edition | Wyd. 2., uzup. |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 1870-1914 jhpk Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 19 w jhpk Kanada (DE-588)4029456-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 1870-1914 Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 19 w Kanada |
| id | DE-604.BV035123126 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T22:21:53Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788387258283 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016790752 |
| oclc_num | 297700201 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 119, [1] s. il. kolor. - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Zarząd Główny Zrzeszenia Kaszubsko-Pomorskiego |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ickiewicz, Kazimierz 1955- Verfasser (DE-588)133149048 aut Kaszubi w Kanadzie Kazimierz Ickiewicz Wyd. 2., uzup. Gdańsk Zarząd Główny Zrzeszenia Kaszubsko-Pomorskiego 2008 119, [1] s. il. kolor. - Ill., Kt. 21 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Kashubians in Canada Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Kaszubi - Kanada - Ontario (prowincja) - historia jhpk Kaschuben (DE-588)4029854-1 gnd rswk-swf Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 1870-1914 jhpk Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 19 w jhpk Kanada (DE-588)4029456-0 gnd rswk-swf Kanada (DE-588)4029456-0 g Kaschuben (DE-588)4029854-1 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016790752&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016790752&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ickiewicz, Kazimierz 1955- Kaszubi w Kanadzie Kaszubi - Kanada - Ontario (prowincja) - historia jhpk Kaschuben (DE-588)4029854-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4029854-1 (DE-588)4029456-0 |
| title | Kaszubi w Kanadzie |
| title_auth | Kaszubi w Kanadzie |
| title_exact_search | Kaszubi w Kanadzie |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Kaszubi w Kanadzie |
| title_full | Kaszubi w Kanadzie Kazimierz Ickiewicz |
| title_fullStr | Kaszubi w Kanadzie Kazimierz Ickiewicz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kaszubi w Kanadzie Kazimierz Ickiewicz |
| title_short | Kaszubi w Kanadzie |
| title_sort | kaszubi w kanadzie |
| topic | Kaszubi - Kanada - Ontario (prowincja) - historia jhpk Kaschuben (DE-588)4029854-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kaszubi - Kanada - Ontario (prowincja) - historia Kaschuben Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 1870-1914 Pomorze Gdańskie (Polska ; region) - emigracja i imigracja - 19 w Kanada |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016790752&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016790752&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ickiewiczkazimierz kaszubiwkanadzie |