Physical principles of wireless communications:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]
Auerbach
2008
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 259 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0849332591 9780849332593 |
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MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Granatstein, Victor L. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Physical principles of wireless communications |c Victor L. Granatstein |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] |b Auerbach |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XXIII, 259 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Antennes (Électronique) - Modèles mathématiques | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ondes radioélectriques - Propagation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Transmission sans fil | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wireless communication systems | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Funknetz |0 (DE-588)4216130-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016776078 | ||
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| _version_ | 1804138079471009792 |
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| adam_text | Table
of
Contents
Figure Legends
....................................................................xiii
list of Tables
......................................................................xvii
Preface
.................................................................................xix
Acknowledgments
...............................................................xxi
About the Author
.............................................................xxiii
1
An Introduction to Modern Wireless
Communications
............................................................1
1.1
A Brief History of Wireless Communications
.......................1
1.1.1
Faraday, Maxwell, and Hertz: The Discovery
of Electromagnetic Waves
........................................2
1.1.2
Guglielmo
Marconi, Inventor of Wireless
Communications
.......................................................5
1.1.3
Developments in the Vacuum Electronics Era
(1906
to
1947).........................................................10
1.1.4
The Modern Era in Wireless Communications
(1947
to the Present)
..............................................11
1.2
Basic Concepts
.....................................................................13
1.2.1
Information Capacity of a Communication
Channel
...................................................................13
1.2.2
Antenna Fundamentals
...........................................14
1.2.3
The Basic Layout of a Wireless Communications
System
......................................................................15
1.2.4
Decibels and Link Budgets
.....................................17
1.3
Characteristics of Some Modern Communication
Systems
................................................................................19
VII
viii
■
Table of
Contents
1.3.1
Mobile Communication Systems
and Cell Phones......................................................
19
1.3.2
Wireless
Local
Area
Networks
(WLANs)
of Computers
..........................................................27
1.3.3
SATCOM Systems
....................................................27
1.4
The Plan of This Book
........................................................29
Noise in Wireless Communications
............................33
2.1
Fundamental Noise Concepts
.............................................33
2.1.1
Radiation Resistance and Antenna Efficiency
........33
2.1.2
Nyquist Noise Theorem, Antenna Temperature,
and Receiver Noise
.................................................35
2.1.3
Equivalent Circuit of Antenna and Receiver
for Calculating Noise
..............................................38
2.2
Contributions to Antenna Temperature
..............................40
2.2.1
Cosmic Noise
..........................................................40
2.2.2
Atmospheric Noise
..................................................42
2.2.3
Big Bang Noise (Cosmic Microwave
Background Radiation)
...........................................44
2.2.4
Noise Attenuation
...................................................47
2.3
Noise in Specific Systems
....................................................48
2.3.1
Noise in Pagers
.......................................................48
2.3.2
Noise in Cell Phones
..............................................49
2.3.3
Noise in Millimeter Wave SATCOM
.......................49
Antennas
........................................................................53
3.1
A Brief Review of
Electromagnetism
..................................53
3.1.1
Maxwells Equations and Boundary
Conditions
...............................................................53
3-1.2
The Vector Potential. A, and the
Inhomogeneous Helmholtz Equation
....................57
3.2
Radiation from a Hertzian
Dipole.......................................58
3-2.1
Solution of the Inhomogeneous Helmholtz
Equation in the Vector Potential A
.........................58
3.2.2
Near Fields and Far Fields of a Hertzian
Dipole .. 61
3.2.3
Basic Antenna Parameters
......................................63
32.4
Directive Gain, D(<j),
Θ)
Directivity, D:
and Gain,
G
.............................................................65
3.2.5
Radiation Resistance of a Hertzian
Dipole
Antenna
...................................................................66
3.2.6
Electrically Short
Dipole
Antenna
(Length
«
λ)
..........................................................67
Table
of Contents
■ ix
3-3
Receiving Antennas, Polarization, and Aperture
Antennas
..............................................................................70
3-3.1
Universal Relationship between Gain
and Effective Area
...................................................70
З.З.2
The Friis Transmission Formula
.............................74
3-3-3
Polarization Mismatch
.............................................74
3-3-4
A Brief Treatment of Aperture Antennas
...............76
3-4
Thin-Wire
Dipole
Antennas
................................................80
3-4.1
General Analysis of Thin-Wire
Dipole
Antennas
.....................................................82
3.4.2
The Half-Wave
Dipole
............................................84
Antenna Arrays
.............................................................89
4.1
Omnidirectional Radiation Pattern
in the Horizontal Plane with Vertical Focusing
.................89
4.1.1
Arrays of Half-Wave Dipoles
..................................89
4.1.2
Co-linear Arrays
......................................................90
4.1.3 Co-linear Arrays with Equal Incremental
Phase Advance
........................................................92
4.1.4
Elevation Control with a Phased Co-linear
Antenna Array
.........................................................94
4.2
Antennas Displaced in the Horizontal Plane
.....................96
4.2.1
Radiation Pattern of Two Horizontally
Displaced Dipoles
...................................................97
4.2.2
Broadside Arrays
.....................................................99
4.2.3
Endfire Arrays
.........................................................99
4.2.4
Smart Antenna Arrays
...........................................102
4.3
Image Antennas
.................................................................103
4.3.I The Principle of Images
.......................................103
4.3-2
Quarter-Wave
Monopole
above a Conducting
Plane
......................................................................103
4.3.3
Antennas for Handheld Cell Phones
...................105
4.3.4
Half-Wave Dipoles and Reflectors
.......................105
4.4
Rectangular
Microstrip
Patch Antennas
............................110
4.4.1
The TM10
Microstrip
Patch Cavity
........................110
4.4.2
Duality in Maxwell s Equations and Radiation
from a Slot
.............................................................112
4.4.3
Radiation from the Edges of
a Microstrip
Cavity
.....................................................................113
4.4.4
Array of
Microstrip
Patch Antennas
.....................118
Table
of Contents
Radio Frequency (RF) Wave Propagation
................121
5.1
Some Simple Models of Path Loss in RF
Wave Propagation
.............................................................122
5.1.1
Free-Space Propagation
........................................ 122
5.1.2
Laws of Reflection and Refraction
at a Planar Boundary
............................................123
5.1.3
Effect of Surface Roughness
.................................126
5.1.4
Plane Earth Propagation Model
...........................127
5.2
Diffraction over Single and Multiple Obstructions
..........130
5.2.1
Diffraction by a Single Knife Edge
......................130
5.2.2
Deygout Method of Approximately Treating
Multiple Diffracting Edges
....................................135
5.2.3
The Causebrook Correction to the Deygout
Method
..................................................................137
5.3
Wave Propagation in an Urban Environment
..................139
5.31
The Delisle-Egli Empirical Expression for Path
Loss
........................................................................139
5.3.2
The Flat-Edge Model for Path Loss from
the Base Station to the Final Street
......................141
5.3-3
The Ikegami Model of Excess Path Loss
in the Final Street
..................................................143
5.3.4
The Walfisch-Bertoni Analysis of the
Parametric Dependence of Path Loss
..................144
Statistical Considerations in Designing Cell Phone
Systems and Wireless Local Area
Networks (WLANs)
.....................................................151
6.1
A Brief Review of Statistical Analysis
...............................151
6.1.1
Random Variables
.................................................151
6.1.2
Random Processes
................................................153
6.2
Shadowing
.........................................................................153
6.2.1
The
Lognormal
Probability Distribution
Function
................................................................. 154
6.2.2
The Complementary Cumulative Normal
Distribution Function (Q Function)
.....................154
6.2.3
Calculating Margin and Probability
of Call Completion
................................................155
6.2.4
Probability of Call Completion Averaged over
a Cell
......................................................................157
6.2.5
Additional Signal Loss from Propagating
into Buildings
........................................................ 159
6.2.6
Shadowing Cross-Correlation
...............................161
Table
of Contents
■ xi
6.3
Slow and Fast Fading
........................................................
1бЗ
6.3.1
Slow Fading
...........................................................
1бЗ
6.3-2
Rayleigh Fading
....................................................164
6.З.З
Margin to Allow for Both Shadowing
and Rayleigh Fading
.............................................166
6.3-4
Bit Error Rates in Digital Communications
..........
1б7
6.3-5
Ricean Fading
........................................................170
6.3-6
Doppler
Broadening
.............................................171
6.4
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
..........................173
6.4.1
Propagation Losses inside Buildings
....................173
6.4.2
Standards for WLANs
............................................176
6.4.3
Sharing WLAN Resources
.....................................177
7
Tropospheric and Ionospheric Effects
in Long-Range Communications
..............................181
7.1
Extending the Range Using Tropospheric Refraction
......181
7.1.1
Limit on Line-of-Sight Communications
..............181
7.1.2
Bouguer s Law for Refraction by Tropospheric
Layers
.....................................................................183
7.1.3
Increase in Range Due to Tropospheric
Refraction
..............................................................185
7.2
Long-Range Communications by Ionospheric
Reflection
...........................................................................187
7.2.1
The Ionospheric Plasma
.......................................187
7.2.2
Radio Frequency Wave Interaction
with Plasma
...........................................................189
7.2.3
Sample Calculations of Maximum
Usable Frequency and Maximum Range in a
Communications System Based
on Ionospheric Reflection
.................................... 192
7.3
Propagation through the Ionosphere
...............................194
7.3.1 Time Delay of a Wave Passing through
the Ionosphere
......................................................194
7.3.2
Dispersion of a Wave Passing through
the Ionosphere
......................................................195
7.3.3
Faraday Rotation of the Direction of Polarization
in the Ionosphere
.................................................196
8
SATCOM
.......................................................................205
8.1
Satellite Fundamentals
.......................................................205
8.1.1
Geosynchronous Orbit (GSO)
..............................205
8.1.2
Example of a GSO SATCOM System
...................207
xii ■
Table
of Contents
8.2
SATCOM Signal Attenuation
..............................................208
8.2.1
Attenuation Due to Atmospheric Gases
..............208
8.2.2
Attenuation Due to Rain
.......................................209
8.2.3
The Rain Rate Used in SATCOM System
Design
....................................................................212
8.3
Design of SATCOM Systems
.............................................214
8.3.1
Noise Calculations for SATCOM
...........................214
8.3.2
Designing a GSO SATCOM System
for Wideband Transmission
......................................219
8.3-3
Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) and General
Relativity
................................................................221
8.4
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Communication Satellites
...........222
8.4.1
The
Iridium
LEO SATCOM System
......................223
8.4.2
Path Loss in LEO SATCOM
...................................223
8.4.3
Doppler
Shift in LEO SATCOM
............................227
Glossary
............................................................................................231
English Alphabet
..........................................................................231
Greek Alphabet
............................................................................236
Appendix I Table of Physical Constants
..................................239
Appendix
Π
Del Operators in Cartesian and Spherical
Coordinates
............................................................241
Appendix
Ш
Differential line, Area, and Volume
in Cartesian and Spherical Coordinates
..............243
Index
..................................................................................................245
|
| adam_txt |
Table
of
Contents
Figure Legends
.xiii
list of Tables
.xvii
Preface
.xix
Acknowledgments
.xxi
About the Author
.xxiii
1
An Introduction to Modern Wireless
Communications
.1
1.1
A Brief History of Wireless Communications
.1
1.1.1
Faraday, Maxwell, and Hertz: The Discovery
of Electromagnetic Waves
.2
1.1.2
Guglielmo
Marconi, Inventor of Wireless
Communications
.5
1.1.3
Developments in the Vacuum Electronics Era
(1906
to
1947).10
1.1.4
The Modern Era in Wireless Communications
(1947
to the Present)
.11
1.2
Basic Concepts
.13
1.2.1
Information Capacity of a Communication
Channel
.13
1.2.2
Antenna Fundamentals
.14
1.2.3
The Basic Layout of a Wireless Communications
System
.15
1.2.4
Decibels and Link Budgets
.17
1.3
Characteristics of Some Modern Communication
Systems
.19
VII
viii
■
Table of
Contents
1.3.1
Mobile Communication Systems
and Cell Phones.
19
1.3.2
Wireless
Local
Area
Networks
(WLANs)
of Computers
.27
1.3.3
SATCOM Systems
.27
1.4
The Plan of This Book
.29
Noise in Wireless Communications
.33
2.1
Fundamental Noise Concepts
.33
2.1.1
Radiation Resistance and Antenna Efficiency
.33
2.1.2
Nyquist Noise Theorem, Antenna Temperature,
and Receiver Noise
.35
2.1.3
Equivalent Circuit of Antenna and Receiver
for Calculating Noise
.38
2.2
Contributions to Antenna Temperature
.40
2.2.1
Cosmic Noise
.40
2.2.2
Atmospheric Noise
.42
2.2.3
Big Bang Noise (Cosmic Microwave
Background Radiation)
.44
2.2.4
Noise Attenuation
.47
2.3
Noise in Specific Systems
.48
2.3.1
Noise in Pagers
.48
2.3.2
Noise in Cell Phones
.49
2.3.3
Noise in Millimeter Wave SATCOM
.49
Antennas
.53
3.1
A Brief Review of
Electromagnetism
.53
3.1.1
Maxwells Equations and Boundary
Conditions
.53
3-1.2
The Vector Potential. A, and the
Inhomogeneous Helmholtz Equation
.57
3.2
Radiation from a Hertzian
Dipole.58
3-2.1
Solution of the Inhomogeneous Helmholtz
Equation in the Vector Potential A
.58
3.2.2
Near Fields and Far Fields of a Hertzian
Dipole . 61
3.2.3
Basic Antenna Parameters
.63
32.4
Directive Gain, D(<j),
Θ)
Directivity, D:
and Gain,
G
.65
3.2.5
Radiation Resistance of a Hertzian
Dipole
Antenna
.66
3.2.6
Electrically Short
Dipole
Antenna
(Length
«
λ)
.67
Table
of Contents
■ ix
3-3
Receiving Antennas, Polarization, and Aperture
Antennas
.70
3-3.1
Universal Relationship between Gain
and Effective Area
.70
З.З.2
The Friis Transmission Formula
.74
3-3-3
Polarization Mismatch
.74
3-3-4
A Brief Treatment of Aperture Antennas
.76
3-4
Thin-Wire
Dipole
Antennas
.80
3-4.1
General Analysis of Thin-Wire
Dipole
Antennas
.82
3.4.2
The Half-Wave
Dipole
.84
Antenna Arrays
.89
4.1
Omnidirectional Radiation Pattern
in the Horizontal Plane with Vertical Focusing
.89
4.1.1
Arrays of Half-Wave Dipoles
.89
4.1.2
Co-linear Arrays
.90
4.1.3 Co-linear Arrays with Equal Incremental
Phase Advance
.92
4.1.4
Elevation Control with a Phased Co-linear
Antenna Array
.94
4.2
Antennas Displaced in the Horizontal Plane
.96
4.2.1
Radiation Pattern of Two Horizontally
Displaced Dipoles
.97
4.2.2
Broadside Arrays
.99
4.2.3
Endfire Arrays
.99
4.2.4
Smart Antenna Arrays
.102
4.3
Image Antennas
.103
4.3.I The Principle of Images
.103
4.3-2
Quarter-Wave
Monopole
above a Conducting
Plane
.103
4.3.3
Antennas for Handheld Cell Phones
.105
4.3.4
Half-Wave Dipoles and Reflectors
.105
4.4
Rectangular
Microstrip
Patch Antennas
.110
4.4.1
The TM10
Microstrip
Patch Cavity
.110
4.4.2
Duality in Maxwell's Equations and Radiation
from a Slot
.112
4.4.3
Radiation from the Edges of
a Microstrip
Cavity
.113
4.4.4
Array of
Microstrip
Patch Antennas
.118
Table
of Contents
Radio Frequency (RF) Wave Propagation
.121
5.1
Some Simple Models of Path Loss in RF
Wave Propagation
.122
5.1.1
Free-Space Propagation
. 122
5.1.2
Laws of Reflection and Refraction
at a Planar Boundary
.123
5.1.3
Effect of Surface Roughness
.126
5.1.4
Plane Earth Propagation Model
.127
5.2
Diffraction over Single and Multiple Obstructions
.130
5.2.1
Diffraction by a Single Knife Edge
.130
5.2.2
Deygout Method of Approximately Treating
Multiple Diffracting Edges
.135
5.2.3
The Causebrook Correction to the Deygout
Method
.137
5.3
Wave Propagation in an Urban Environment
.139
5.31
The Delisle-Egli Empirical Expression for Path
Loss
.139
5.3.2
The Flat-Edge Model for Path Loss from
the Base Station to the Final Street
.141
5.3-3
The Ikegami Model of Excess Path Loss
in the Final Street
.143
5.3.4
The Walfisch-Bertoni Analysis of the
Parametric Dependence of Path Loss
.144
Statistical Considerations in Designing Cell Phone
Systems and Wireless Local Area
Networks (WLANs)
.151
6.1
A Brief Review of Statistical Analysis
.151
6.1.1
Random Variables
.151
6.1.2
Random Processes
.153
6.2
Shadowing
.153
6.2.1
The
Lognormal
Probability Distribution
Function
. 154
6.2.2
The Complementary Cumulative Normal
Distribution Function (Q Function)
.154
6.2.3
Calculating Margin and Probability
of Call Completion
.155
6.2.4
Probability of Call Completion Averaged over
a Cell
.157
6.2.5
Additional Signal Loss from Propagating
into Buildings
. 159
6.2.6
Shadowing Cross-Correlation
.161
Table
of Contents
■ xi
6.3
Slow and Fast Fading
.
1бЗ
6.3.1
Slow Fading
.
1бЗ
6.3-2
Rayleigh Fading
.164
6.З.З
Margin to Allow for Both Shadowing
and Rayleigh Fading
.166
6.3-4
Bit Error Rates in Digital Communications
.
1б7
6.3-5
Ricean Fading
.170
6.3-6
Doppler
Broadening
.171
6.4
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
.173
6.4.1
Propagation Losses inside Buildings
.173
6.4.2
Standards for WLANs
.176
6.4.3
Sharing WLAN Resources
.177
7
Tropospheric and Ionospheric Effects
in Long-Range Communications
.181
7.1
Extending the Range Using Tropospheric Refraction
.181
7.1.1
Limit on Line-of-Sight Communications
.181
7.1.2
Bouguer's Law for Refraction by Tropospheric
Layers
.183
7.1.3
Increase in Range Due to Tropospheric
Refraction
.185
7.2
Long-Range Communications by Ionospheric
Reflection
.187
7.2.1
The Ionospheric Plasma
.187
7.2.2
Radio Frequency Wave Interaction
with Plasma
.189
7.2.3
Sample Calculations of Maximum
Usable Frequency and Maximum Range in a
Communications System Based
on Ionospheric Reflection
. 192
7.3
Propagation through the Ionosphere
.194
7.3.1 Time Delay of a Wave Passing through
the Ionosphere
.194
7.3.2
Dispersion of a Wave Passing through
the Ionosphere
.195
7.3.3
Faraday Rotation of the Direction of Polarization
in the Ionosphere
.196
8
SATCOM
.205
8.1
Satellite Fundamentals
.205
8.1.1
Geosynchronous Orbit (GSO)
.205
8.1.2
Example of a GSO SATCOM System
.207
xii ■
Table
of Contents
8.2
SATCOM Signal Attenuation
.208
8.2.1
Attenuation Due to Atmospheric Gases
.208
8.2.2
Attenuation Due to Rain
.209
8.2.3
The Rain Rate Used in SATCOM System
Design
.212
8.3
Design of SATCOM Systems
.214
8.3.1
Noise Calculations for SATCOM
.214
8.3.2
Designing a GSO SATCOM System
for Wideband Transmission
.219
8.3-3
Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) and General
Relativity
.221
8.4
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Communication Satellites
.222
8.4.1
The
Iridium
LEO SATCOM System
.223
8.4.2
Path Loss in LEO SATCOM
.223
8.4.3
Doppler
Shift in LEO SATCOM
.227
Glossary
.231
English Alphabet
.231
Greek Alphabet
.236
Appendix I Table of Physical Constants
.239
Appendix
Π
Del Operators in Cartesian and Spherical
Coordinates
.241
Appendix
Ш
Differential line, Area, and Volume
in Cartesian and Spherical Coordinates
.243
Index
.245 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Granatstein, Victor L. |
| author_facet | Granatstein, Victor L. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Granatstein, Victor L. |
| author_variant | v l g vl vlg |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035108202 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TK5103 |
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| callnumber-search | TK5103.2 |
| callnumber-sort | TK 45103.2 |
| callnumber-subject | TK - Electrical and Nuclear Engineering |
| classification_rvk | ZN 6400 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)123350007 (DE-599)BVBBV035108202 |
| dewey-full | 621.384 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.384 |
| dewey-search | 621.384 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.384 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| discipline_str_mv | Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035108202 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T22:16:34Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0849332591 9780849332593 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016776078 |
| oclc_num | 123350007 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M347 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-M347 DE-703 |
| physical | XXIII, 259 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Auerbach |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Granatstein, Victor L. Verfasser aut Physical principles of wireless communications Victor L. Granatstein Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] Auerbach 2008 XXIII, 259 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Antennes (Électronique) - Modèles mathématiques Ondes radioélectriques - Propagation Transmission sans fil Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd rswk-swf Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016776078&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Granatstein, Victor L. Physical principles of wireless communications Antennes (Électronique) - Modèles mathématiques Ondes radioélectriques - Propagation Transmission sans fil Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4216130-7 |
| title | Physical principles of wireless communications |
| title_auth | Physical principles of wireless communications |
| title_exact_search | Physical principles of wireless communications |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Physical principles of wireless communications |
| title_full | Physical principles of wireless communications Victor L. Granatstein |
| title_fullStr | Physical principles of wireless communications Victor L. Granatstein |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physical principles of wireless communications Victor L. Granatstein |
| title_short | Physical principles of wireless communications |
| title_sort | physical principles of wireless communications |
| topic | Antennes (Électronique) - Modèles mathématiques Ondes radioélectriques - Propagation Transmission sans fil Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Antennes (Électronique) - Modèles mathématiques Ondes radioélectriques - Propagation Transmission sans fil Wireless communication systems Funknetz |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016776078&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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