Quark-gluon plasma: from big bang to little bang
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
Cambridge Univ. Press
2008
|
| Edition: | Digitally printed version |
| Series: | Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology
23 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Originally published: 2005 |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 446 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780521561082 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Yagi, Kohsuke |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Quark-gluon plasma |b from big bang to little bang |c Kohsuke Yagi ; Tetsuo Hatsuda ; Yasuo Miake |
| 250 | |a Digitally printed version | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 446 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology |v 23 | |
| 500 | |a Originally published: 2005 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Quark-gluon plasma | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Quark-gluon plasma | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Quark-Gluon-Plasma |0 (DE-588)4224891-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Quark-Gluon-Plasma |0 (DE-588)4224891-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hatsuda, Tetsuo |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miake, Yasuo |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology |v 23 |w (DE-604)BV005321866 |9 23 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016761488&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016761488 | ||
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| _version_ | 1804138051616636928 |
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| adam_text | Contents
Preface
page
xv
1
What is the quark-gluon plasma?
1
1.1
Asymptotic freedom and confinement in QCD
1
1.2
Chiral symmetry breaking in QCD
4
1.3
Recipes for quark-gluon plasma
5
1.4
Where can we find QGP?
6
1.5
Signatures of QGP in relativistic heavy ion collisions
9
1.6
Perspectives on relativistic heavy ion experiments
12
1.7
Natural units and particle data
14
Part I: Basic Concept of Quark-Gluon Plasma
15
2
Introduction to QCD
17
2.1
Classical QCD action
17
2.2
Quantizing QCD
19
2.3
Renormalizing QCD
22
2.3.1
Running coupling constants
24
2.3.2
More on asymptotic freedom
27
2.4
Global symmetries in QCD
28
2.4.1
Chiral symmetry
28
2.4.2
Dilatational symmetry
29
2.5
QCD vacuum structure
30
2.6
Various approaches to non-perturbative QCD
32
Exercises
36
3
Physics of the quark-hadron phase transition
39
3.1
Basic thermodynamics
39
3.2
System with non-interacting particles
43
3.3
Hadronic string and deconfinement
44
3.4
Percolation of hadrons
45
3.5
Bag equation of state
46
3.6
Hagedorn s limiting temperature
50
3.7
Parametrized equation of state
51
3.8
Lattice equation of state
53
Exercises
55
vu
viu
Contents
4
Field theory at finite temperature
57
4.1
Path integral representation of
Z
57
4.2
Black body radiation
60
4.3
Perturbation theory at finite
Τ
and
μ
62
4.3.1
Free propagators
63
4.3.2
Vertices
64
4.3.3
Feynman rules
65
4.4
Real-time Green s functions
66
4.5
Gluon propagator at high
Τ
and zero
μ
69
4.6
Quark propagator at high
Τ
and zero
μ
75
4.7
HTL resummation
77
4.8
Perturbati ve
expansion of the pressure up to O(g5)
78
4.9
Infrared problem of O(gb) and beyond
81
4.10
Debye screening in QED plasma
82
4.11
Vlasov
equations for QED plasma
84
4.12
Vlasov
equations for QCD plasma
87
Exercises
88
5
Lattice gauge approach to QCD phase transitions
92
5.1
Basics of lattice QCD
92
5.1.1
The Wilson line
92
5.1.2
Gluons on the lattice
94
5.1.3
Fermions
on the lattice
95
5.1.4
Partition function on the lattice
98
5.2
The Wilson loop
99
5.3
Strong coupling expansion and confinement
0
5.4
Weak coupling expansion and continuum limit
Ю2
5.5
Monte Carlo simulations
05
5.6
Lattice QCD at finite
T
109
5.7
Confinement-deconfinement transition in N(
= 0
QCD
1
5.8
Order of the phase transition for Nf
= 0 115
5.9
Effect of dynamical quarks
1 6
5.10
Effect of finite chemical potential
7
Exercises
118
6
Chira)
phase transition I
--
6.1
(qq) in hot/dense matter
22
6.1.1
High-temperature expansion
23
6.1.2
Low-temperature expansion
23
6.2
The NJL model
124
6.2.1
Dynamical symmetry breaking at
T
= 0 126
6.2.2
Symmetry restoration at
Τ φΟ
127
6.3
Mean-field theory and the Landau function
129
6.3.1
Order of the phase transition
129
6.3.2
Second order phase transition
131
Contents ix
6.3.3 First
order
transition
driven by cubic
interaction
134
6.3.4
Tricritical behavior with sextet interaction
135
6.4
Spatial non-uniformity and correlations
137
6.5
Critical fluctuation and the Ginzburg region
139
6.6
Renormalization group and e-expansion
141
6.6.1
Renormalization in
4 -
e
dimensions
141
6.6.2
Running couplings
143
6.6.3
Vertex functions
144
6.6.4
RG equation for vertex function
145
6.7
Perturbative evaluation of
/?,· 146
6.8
Renormalization group equation and fixed point
147
6.8.1
Dimensional analysis and solution of RG equation
147
6.8.2
Renormalization group flow
149
6.9
Scaling and universality
152
6.9.1
Scaling at the critical point
152
6.9.2
Scaling near the critical point
153
6.10
Magnetic equation of state
154
6.11
Stability of the fixed point
156
6.12
Critical exponents for the
O(/V)-symmetric
φ*
model
156
6.13
Chiral phase transition of QCD at finite
Τ
158
6.13.1
Landau functional of QCD
159
6.13.2
Massless QCD without axial anomaly
160
6.13.3
Massless QCD with axial anomaly
161
6.13.4
Effect of light quark masses
163
6.13.5
Effect of finite chemical potential
165
Exercises
166
7
Hadronic states in a hot environment
170
7.1
Heavy quarkonia in hot plasma
170
7.1.1
QQ spectra at
Τ
= 0 170
7.1.2
QQatr^O
172
7.1.3
Charmonium suppression at high
Τ
174
7.1.4
Correlation of Polyakov lines in lattice QCD
174
7.2
Light quarkonia in a hot medium
176
7.2.1
qq spectra at
Τ
= 0 176
7.2.2
Nambu-Goldstone theorem at finite
Τ
178
7.2.3
Virial expansion and the quark condensate
179
7.2.4
Pions
at low
Τ
180
7.2.5
Vector mesons at low
Τ
182
7.3
In-medium hadrons from lattice QCD
183
7.4
Photons and dileptons from hot/dense matter
185
7.4.1
Photon production rate
186
7.4.2
Dilepton production rate
187
Exercises
188
x
Contents
Partii:
Quark-Gluon Plasma in
Astrophysics
191
8 QGP in
the early Universe
193
8.1
Observational evidence for the Big Bang
193
8.2
Homogeneous and
isotropie
space
197
8.2.1
Robertson-Walker metric
197
8.2.2
Hubble s law and red shift
198
8.2.3
Horizon distance
199
8.3
Expansion law of the Universe
200
8.3.1
The Einstein equation
200
8.3.2
Critical density
201
8.3.3
Solution of the
Friedmann
equation
202
8.3.4
Entropy conservation
204
8.3.5
Age of the Universe
204
8.4
Thermal history of the Universe: from QGP to CMB
206
8.5
Primordial nucleosynthesis
209
8.6
More on the QCD phase transition in the early Universe
211
8.6.1
t<t¡
(T>TQ)
213
8.6.2
í,
</</,.
(T = Te)
214
8.6.3
t>tv (T<TC)
214
Exercises
215
9
Compact stars
217
9.1
Characteristic features of neutron stars
218
9.2
Newtonian compact stars
220
9.2.1
White dwarfs
221
9.2.2
Neutron stars
223
9.3
General relativistic stars
224
9.3.1
Maximum mass of compact stars
224
9.3.2 Oppenheimer-Volkoff
equation
226
9.3.3
Schwarzschild s uniform density star
229
9.4
Chemical composition of compact stars
229
9.4.1
Neutron star matter and hyperon matter
229
9.4.2
u. d
quark matter
232
9.4.3
u, d, s
quark matter
233
9.5
Quark-hadron phase transition
233
9.5.1
Equation of state for nuclear and neutron matter
234
9.5.2
Equation of state for quark matter
236
9.5.3
Stable strange matter
239
9.6
Phase transition to quark matter
239
9.7
Structure of neutron stars and quark stars
240
9.7.1
Mass-radius relation of neutron stars
240
9.7.2
Strange quark stars
242
9.8
Various phases in high-density matter
243
Exercises
244
Contents xi
Part III: Quark-Gluon Plasma in Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collisions
245
10
Introduction to relativistic heavy ion collisions
247
10.1
Nuclear stopping power and nuclear transparency
247
10.2
Space-time picture of collisions
250
10.3
Central plateau and fragmentation region
253
10.4
Time history of ultra-relativistic AA collisions
254
10.5
Geometry of heavy ion collisions
256
10.6
Past, current and future accelerators
259
11
Relativistic hydrodynamics for heavy ion collisions
261
11.1
Fermi and Landau pictures of multi-particle production
261
11.2
Relativistic hydrodynamics
265
11.2.1
Perfect fluid
265
11.2.2
Dissipative fluid
267
11.3
Bjorken s scaling solution
269
11.3.1
Perfect fluid
270
11.3.2
Effect of dissipation
273
11.4
Relation to the
observables
274
Exercises
276
12
Transport theory for the pre-equilibrium process
278
12.1
Classical Boltzmann equation
278
12.2
Boltzmann s H-theorem
282
12.3
Covariant form of the classical transport equation
283
12.3.1
Conservation laws
284
12.3.2
Local
Н
-theorem and local equilibrium
285
12.4
Quantum transport theory
286
12.4.1
The density matrix
287
12.4.2
The Dirac equation
287
12.4.3
The Wigner function
288
12.4.4
Equation of motion for W(x, p)
290
12.4.5
Semi-classical approximation
291
12.4.6
Non-Abelian generalization
293
12.5
Phenomenological transport equation in QCD
294
Exercises
295
13
Formation and evolution of QGP
297
13.1
The initial condition
298
13.1.1
Color-string breaking model
298
13.1.2
Color glass condensate
299
13.1.3
Perturbative QCD models
300
13.2
Minijét
production
302
13.3
Longitudinal plasma expansion with QCD phase transition
305
13.4
Transverse plasma expansion
307
13.5
Transverse momentum spectrum and transverse flow
309
Exercises
311
xii Contents
14
Fundamentals of QGP
diagnostics
314
14.1
QGP diagnostics
using
hadrons
314
14.1.1
Probing the
phase transition
314
14.1.2
Ratios
of particle yields and chemical equilibrium
315
14.1.3
Transverse momentum distributions and
hydrodynamical flow
316
14.1.4 Anisotropie
flow and the equation of state
317
14.1.5
Interferometry
and space-time evolution
320
14.1.6
Event-by-event fluctuations
323
14.1.7
Hadron production by quark recombination
325
14.2
QGP diagnostics using hard probes: jet tomography
327
14.3
QGP diagnostics using leptons and photons
330
14.3.1
Drell-Yan production of dileptons
330
14.3.2
J/i/»
suppression and Debye screening in QGP
332
14.3.3
Thermal photons and dileptons
334
Exercises
336
15
Results from CERN-SPS experiments
338
15.1
Relativistic heavy ion accelerators
339
15.2
Basic features of AA collisions
339
15.2.1
Single-particle spectra
340
15.2.2
Collective expansion
343
15.2.3
HBT two-particle correlation
343
15.3
Strangeness production and chemical equilibrium
345
15.4
J/i/f suppression
347
15.5
Enhancement of low-mass dileptons
349
15.6
Observation of direct photons
351
16
First results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
353
16.1
Heavy ion acceleration and collisions in the RHIC
353
16.2
Particle production
357
16.3
Transverse momentum distributions
361
16.4
HBT correlations
363
16.5
Thermalization
364
16.6
Azimuthal anisotropy
366
16.7
Suppression of high-p hadrons
369
16.8
Modification of the jet structure
371
16.9
Quark-number scaling
373
17
Detectors in relativistic heavy ion experiments
375
17.1
Features of relativistic heavy ion collisions
375
17.2
Transverse energy,
£ 377
17.3
Event characterization detectors
378
17.4
Hadron spectrometer
378
17.4.1
Particle identification using dE/dx measurements
381
17.4.2
Particle identification using time of flight measurements
381
17.4.3
Particle identification using Cherenkov detectors
384
Contents xiii
17.5
Lepton
pair spectrometer
386
17.6
Photon spectrometer
387
17.7
PHENIX: a
large hybrid detector
390
Exercises
392
Appendix A Constants and natural units
393
Appendix
В
Dirac matrices, Dirac spinors and SU(7V) algebra
396
Appendix
С
Functional, Gaussian and
Grassmann
integrals
400
Appendix
D
Curved space-time and the Einstein equation
404
Appendix
E Relativistic
kinematics and variables
412
Appendix
F
Scattering amplitude, optical theorem and elementary
parton
scatterings
418
Appendix
G
Sound waves and transverse expansion
424
Appendix
H
Tables of particles
429
References
431
Index
440
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Preface
page
xv
1
What is the quark-gluon plasma?
1
1.1
Asymptotic freedom and confinement in QCD
1
1.2
Chiral symmetry breaking in QCD
4
1.3
Recipes for quark-gluon plasma
5
1.4
Where can we find QGP?
6
1.5
Signatures of QGP in relativistic heavy ion collisions
9
1.6
Perspectives on relativistic heavy ion experiments
12
1.7
Natural units and particle data
14
Part I: Basic Concept of Quark-Gluon Plasma
15
2
Introduction to QCD
17
2.1
Classical QCD action
17
2.2
Quantizing QCD
19
2.3
Renormalizing QCD
22
2.3.1
Running coupling constants
24
2.3.2
More on asymptotic freedom
27
2.4
Global symmetries in QCD
28
2.4.1
Chiral symmetry
28
2.4.2
Dilatational symmetry
29
2.5
QCD vacuum structure
30
2.6
Various approaches to non-perturbative QCD
32
Exercises
36
3
Physics of the quark-hadron phase transition
39
3.1
Basic thermodynamics
39
3.2
System with non-interacting particles
43
3.3
Hadronic string and deconfinement
44
3.4
Percolation of hadrons
45
3.5
Bag equation of state
46
3.6
Hagedorn's limiting temperature
50
3.7
Parametrized equation of state
51
3.8
Lattice equation of state
53
Exercises
55
vu
viu
Contents
4
Field theory at finite temperature
57
4.1
Path integral representation of
Z
57
4.2
Black body radiation
60
4.3
Perturbation theory at finite
Τ
and
μ
62
4.3.1
Free propagators
63
4.3.2
Vertices
64
4.3.3
Feynman rules
65
4.4
Real-time Green's functions
66
4.5
Gluon propagator at high
Τ
and zero
μ
69
4.6
Quark propagator at high
Τ
and zero
μ
75
4.7
HTL resummation
77
4.8
Perturbati ve
expansion of the pressure up to O(g5)
78
4.9
Infrared problem of O(gb) and beyond
81
4.10
Debye screening in QED plasma
82
4.11
Vlasov
equations for QED plasma
84
4.12
Vlasov
equations for QCD plasma
87
Exercises
88
5
Lattice gauge approach to QCD phase transitions
92
5.1
Basics of lattice QCD
92
5.1.1
The Wilson line
92
5.1.2
Gluons on the lattice
94
5.1.3
Fermions
on the lattice
95
5.1.4
Partition function on the lattice
98
5.2
The Wilson loop
99
5.3
Strong coupling expansion and confinement
'0'
5.4
Weak coupling expansion and continuum limit
Ю2
5.5
Monte Carlo simulations
'05
5.6
Lattice QCD at finite
T
109
5.7
Confinement-deconfinement transition in N(
= 0
QCD
1 ' '
5.8
Order of the phase transition for Nf
= 0 115
5.9
Effect of dynamical quarks
1 '6
5.10
Effect of finite chemical potential
"7
Exercises
118
6
Chira)
phase transition I
--
6.1
(qq) in hot/dense matter
'22
6.1.1
High-temperature expansion
'23
6.1.2
Low-temperature expansion
' 23
6.2
The NJL model
124
6.2.1
Dynamical symmetry breaking at
T
= 0 126
6.2.2
Symmetry restoration at
Τ φΟ
127
6.3
Mean-field theory and the Landau function
129
6.3.1
Order of the phase transition
129
6.3.2
Second order phase transition
131
Contents ix
6.3.3 First
order
transition
driven by cubic
interaction
134
6.3.4
Tricritical behavior with sextet interaction
135
6.4
Spatial non-uniformity and correlations
137
6.5
Critical fluctuation and the Ginzburg region
139
6.6
Renormalization group and e-expansion
141
6.6.1
Renormalization in
4 -
e
dimensions
141
6.6.2
Running couplings
143
6.6.3
Vertex functions
144
6.6.4
RG equation for vertex function
145
6.7
Perturbative evaluation of
/?,· 146
6.8
Renormalization group equation and fixed point
147
6.8.1
Dimensional analysis and solution of RG equation
147
6.8.2
Renormalization group flow
149
6.9
Scaling and universality
152
6.9.1
Scaling at the critical point
152
6.9.2
Scaling near the critical point
153
6.10
Magnetic equation of state
154
6.11
Stability of the fixed point
156
6.12
Critical exponents for the
O(/V)-symmetric
φ*
model
156
6.13
Chiral phase transition of QCD at finite
Τ
158
6.13.1
Landau functional of QCD
159
6.13.2
Massless QCD without axial anomaly
160
6.13.3
Massless QCD with axial anomaly
161
6.13.4
Effect of light quark masses
163
6.13.5
Effect of finite chemical potential
165
Exercises
166
7
Hadronic states in a hot environment
170
7.1
Heavy quarkonia in hot plasma
170
7.1.1
QQ spectra at
Τ
= 0 170
7.1.2
QQatr^O
172
7.1.3
Charmonium suppression at high
Τ
174
7.1.4
Correlation of Polyakov lines in lattice QCD
174
7.2
Light quarkonia in a hot medium
176
7.2.1
qq spectra at
Τ
= 0 176
7.2.2
Nambu-Goldstone theorem at finite
Τ
178
7.2.3
Virial expansion and the quark condensate
179
7.2.4
Pions
at low
Τ
180
7.2.5
Vector mesons at low
Τ
182
7.3
In-medium hadrons from lattice QCD
183
7.4
Photons and dileptons from hot/dense matter
185
7.4.1
Photon production rate
186
7.4.2
Dilepton production rate
187
Exercises
188
x
Contents
Partii:
Quark-Gluon Plasma in
Astrophysics
191
8 QGP in
the early Universe
193
8.1
Observational evidence for the Big Bang
193
8.2
Homogeneous and
isotropie
space
197
8.2.1
Robertson-Walker metric
197
8.2.2
Hubble's law and red shift
198
8.2.3
Horizon distance
199
8.3
Expansion law of the Universe
200
8.3.1
The Einstein equation
200
8.3.2
Critical density
201
8.3.3
Solution of the
Friedmann
equation
202
8.3.4
Entropy conservation
204
8.3.5
Age of the Universe
204
8.4
Thermal history of the Universe: from QGP to CMB
206
8.5
Primordial nucleosynthesis
209
8.6
More on the QCD phase transition in the early Universe
211
8.6.1
t<t¡
(T>TQ)
213
8.6.2
í,
</</,.
(T = Te)
214
8.6.3
t>tv (T<TC)
214
Exercises
215
9
Compact stars
217
9.1
Characteristic features of neutron stars
218
9.2
Newtonian compact stars
220
9.2.1
White dwarfs
221
9.2.2
Neutron stars
223
9.3
General relativistic stars
224
9.3.1
Maximum mass of compact stars
224
9.3.2 Oppenheimer-Volkoff
equation
226
9.3.3
Schwarzschild's uniform density star
229
9.4
Chemical composition of compact stars
229
9.4.1
Neutron star matter and hyperon matter
229
9.4.2
u. d
quark matter
232
9.4.3
u, d, s
quark matter
233
9.5
Quark-hadron phase transition
233
9.5.1
Equation of state for nuclear and neutron matter
234
9.5.2
Equation of state for quark matter
236
9.5.3
Stable strange matter
239
9.6
Phase transition to quark matter
239
9.7
Structure of neutron stars and quark stars
240
9.7.1
Mass-radius relation of neutron stars
240
9.7.2
Strange quark stars
242
9.8
Various phases in high-density matter
243
Exercises
244
Contents xi
Part III: Quark-Gluon Plasma in Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collisions
245
10
Introduction to relativistic heavy ion collisions
247
10.1
Nuclear stopping power and nuclear transparency
247
10.2
Space-time picture of collisions
250
10.3
Central plateau and fragmentation region
253
10.4
Time history of ultra-relativistic AA collisions
254
10.5
Geometry of heavy ion collisions
256
10.6
Past, current and future accelerators
259
11
Relativistic hydrodynamics for heavy ion collisions
261
11.1
Fermi and Landau pictures of multi-particle production
261
11.2
Relativistic hydrodynamics
265
11.2.1
Perfect fluid
265
11.2.2
Dissipative fluid
267
11.3
Bjorken's scaling solution
269
11.3.1
Perfect fluid
270
11.3.2
Effect of dissipation
273
11.4
Relation to the
observables
274
Exercises
276
12
Transport theory for the pre-equilibrium process
278
12.1
Classical Boltzmann equation
278
12.2
Boltzmann's H-theorem
282
12.3
Covariant form of the classical transport equation
283
12.3.1
Conservation laws
284
12.3.2
Local
Н
-theorem and local equilibrium
285
12.4
Quantum transport theory
286
12.4.1
The density matrix
287
12.4.2
The Dirac equation
287
12.4.3
The Wigner function
288
12.4.4
Equation of motion for W(x, p)
290
12.4.5
Semi-classical approximation
291
12.4.6
Non-Abelian generalization
293
12.5
Phenomenological transport equation in QCD
294
Exercises
295
13
Formation and evolution of QGP
297
13.1
The initial condition
298
13.1.1
Color-string breaking model
298
13.1.2
Color glass condensate
299
13.1.3
Perturbative QCD models
300
13.2
Minijét
production
302
13.3
Longitudinal plasma expansion with QCD phase transition
305
13.4
Transverse plasma expansion
307
13.5
Transverse momentum spectrum and transverse flow
309
Exercises
311
xii Contents
14
Fundamentals of QGP
diagnostics
314
14.1
QGP diagnostics
using
hadrons
314
14.1.1
Probing the
phase transition
314
14.1.2
Ratios
of particle yields and chemical equilibrium
315
14.1.3
Transverse momentum distributions and
hydrodynamical flow
316
14.1.4 Anisotropie
flow and the equation of state
317
14.1.5
Interferometry
and space-time evolution
320
14.1.6
Event-by-event fluctuations
323
14.1.7
Hadron production by quark recombination
325
14.2
QGP diagnostics using hard probes: jet tomography
327
14.3
QGP diagnostics using leptons and photons
330
14.3.1
Drell-Yan production of dileptons
330
14.3.2
J/i/»
suppression and Debye screening in QGP
332
14.3.3
Thermal photons and dileptons
334
Exercises
336
15
Results from CERN-SPS experiments
338
15.1
Relativistic heavy ion accelerators
339
15.2
Basic features of AA collisions
339
15.2.1
Single-particle spectra
340
15.2.2
Collective expansion
343
15.2.3
HBT two-particle correlation
343
15.3
Strangeness production and chemical equilibrium
345
15.4
J/i/f suppression
347
15.5
Enhancement of low-mass dileptons
349
15.6
Observation of direct photons
351
16
First results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
353
16.1
Heavy ion acceleration and collisions in the RHIC
353
16.2
Particle production
357
16.3
Transverse momentum distributions
361
16.4
HBT correlations
363
16.5
Thermalization
364
16.6
Azimuthal anisotropy
366
16.7
Suppression of high-p hadrons
369
16.8
Modification of the jet structure
371
16.9
Quark-number scaling
373
17
Detectors in relativistic heavy ion experiments
375
17.1
Features of relativistic heavy ion collisions
375
17.2
Transverse energy,
£ 377
17.3
Event characterization detectors
378
17.4
Hadron spectrometer
378
17.4.1
Particle identification using dE/dx measurements
381
17.4.2
Particle identification using time of flight measurements
381
17.4.3
Particle identification using Cherenkov detectors
384
Contents xiii
17.5
Lepton
pair spectrometer
386
17.6
Photon spectrometer
387
17.7
PHENIX: a
large hybrid detector
390
Exercises
392
Appendix A Constants and natural units
393
Appendix
В
Dirac matrices, Dirac spinors and SU(7V) algebra
396
Appendix
С
Functional, Gaussian and
Grassmann
integrals
400
Appendix
D
Curved space-time and the Einstein equation
404
Appendix
E Relativistic
kinematics and variables
412
Appendix
F
Scattering amplitude, optical theorem and elementary
parton
scatterings
418
Appendix
G
Sound waves and transverse expansion
424
Appendix
H
Tables of particles
429
References
431
Index
440 |
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| id | DE-604.BV035093407 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T22:11:25Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:03Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780521561082 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016761488 |
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| physical | XVIII, 446 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| publisher | Cambridge Univ. Press |
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| series | Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology |
| series2 | Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology |
| spelling | Yagi, Kohsuke Verfasser aut Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang Kohsuke Yagi ; Tetsuo Hatsuda ; Yasuo Miake Digitally printed version Cambridge Cambridge Univ. Press 2008 XVIII, 446 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology 23 Originally published: 2005 Quark-gluon plasma Quark-Gluon-Plasma (DE-588)4224891-7 gnd rswk-swf Quark-Gluon-Plasma (DE-588)4224891-7 s DE-604 Hatsuda, Tetsuo Verfasser aut Miake, Yasuo Verfasser aut Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology 23 (DE-604)BV005321866 23 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016761488&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Yagi, Kohsuke Hatsuda, Tetsuo Miake, Yasuo Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang Cambridge monographs on particle physics, nuclear physics and cosmology Quark-gluon plasma Quark-Gluon-Plasma (DE-588)4224891-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4224891-7 |
| title | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang |
| title_auth | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang |
| title_exact_search | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang |
| title_full | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang Kohsuke Yagi ; Tetsuo Hatsuda ; Yasuo Miake |
| title_fullStr | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang Kohsuke Yagi ; Tetsuo Hatsuda ; Yasuo Miake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quark-gluon plasma from big bang to little bang Kohsuke Yagi ; Tetsuo Hatsuda ; Yasuo Miake |
| title_short | Quark-gluon plasma |
| title_sort | quark gluon plasma from big bang to little bang |
| title_sub | from big bang to little bang |
| topic | Quark-gluon plasma Quark-Gluon-Plasma (DE-588)4224891-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Quark-gluon plasma Quark-Gluon-Plasma |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016761488&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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