FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris
OIE
2007
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 108 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9290447044 9789290447047 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |c eds: J. Dopuoy-Camet ... |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| 264 | 1 | |a Paris |b OIE |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a VIII, 108 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Trichinellosis |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Disease Prevention |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Disease Control |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Trichinella |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Epidemiology |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Meat Inspection |2 cabt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dupouy-Camet, Jean |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1279559675 |4 oth | |
| 710 | 2 | |a Weltgesundheitsorganisation |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1007857-5 |4 oth | |
| 710 | 2 | |a FAO |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)2010460-1 |4 oth | |
| 710 | 2 | |a International Office of Epizootics |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)2035386-8 |4 oth | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-022151331 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents
CONTENTS
CONTENTS i
INTRODUCTION vii
CHAPTER 1 TAXONOMY, BIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRICHINELLA PARASITES 1
INTRODUCTION 1
TERMINOLOGY 2
THE CYCLE IN THE HOST 3
GENERAL MORPHOLOGY 4
Muscle larvae 4
Male 4
Female 5
Adults 5
Male 5
Female 5
Newborn larvae 5
TAXONOMY 5
The encapsulated clade 6
Trichinella spiralis (genotype Tl) 6
Trichinella nativa (genotype T2) 6
Trichinella britovi'(genotype T3) 7
Trichinella murrelli (genotype T5) 8
Trichinella nelsoni (genotype T7) 8
Trich/ne//al6 (genotype T6) 8
Trichinella T8 (genotype T8) 9
Trichinellal9 (genotype T9) 9
The non-encapsulated clade 9
Trichinella pseudospiralis (genotype T4) 9
Trichinella papuae (genotype T10) 9
Trichinella zimbabwensis (genotype Til) 9
PHYLOGENY 10
BIOLOGY 10
Biogeography 10
Sympatry 11
The 'free-living' stage 11
Resistance to freezing 11
EPIDEMIOLOGY 11
The sylvatic cycle 12
Mammals 12
Birds 13
Reptiles 13
Amphibians and fish 13
Invertebrates 14
Relationship between the sylvatic cycle and humans 14
The domestic cycle and the most important risk factors 14
The role of rats 15
Trichinella sp. infections in horses 15
FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis i
Contents
Trichinellasp. infections in sea mammals 16
TRICHINELLOSIS IN HUMANS 16
TRICHINELLASPP. INFECTIONS IN ANIMALS AND HUMANS BY CONTINENT AND COUNTRY 18
Africa 18
Algeria ^
Congo DR 18
Egypt 18
Ethiopia 19
Guinea 19
Kenya I9
Mozambique 19
Namibia 19
Senegal !9
South Africa 19
Tanzania UR 19
Tunisia 20
Zimbabwe 20
America 20
Argentina 20
Bolivia 20
Canada 20
Chile 20
Mexico 20
United States of America 21
Asia 21
Afghanistan 21
Cambodia 21
The People's Republic of China 21
India 21
Indonesia 22
Iran Islamic Republic 22
Israel 22
Japan 22
Kazakhstan 22
Korea Republic (South) 22
Kyrgyzstan 22
Laos 23
Lebanon 23
Malaysia 23
Myanmar (Burma) 23
Syrian AR 23
Tajikistan 23
Thailand 23
Turkey 23
Turkmenistan 24
Uzbekistan 24
Vietnam 24
" FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis
Contents
Europe 24
Austria 24
Azerbaijan 24
Belarus 24
Belgium 24
Bosnia-Herzegovina 24
Bulgaria 25
Croatia 25
Czech Republic 25
Denmark 25
Estonia 25
Finland 25
France 25
Georgia 26
Germany 26
Greece 26
Hungary 26
Ireland 26
Italy 26
Latvia 26
Lithuania 27
Macedonia 27
The Netherlands 27
Norway 27
Poland 27
Portugal 27
Romania 28
Russia 28
Serbia 28
Slovakia 28
Slovenia 28
Spain 28
Sweden 29
Switzerland 29
United Kingdom 29
Ukraine 29
Pacific 29
Australia 29
New Zealand 29
Papua New Guinea 29
'Non infected' countries and islands 30
CHAPTER 2 MANAGEMENT AND DIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN TRICHINELLOSIS 37
INTRODUCTION 37
PATHOLOGY 37
Intestinal phase 38
Systemic and muscular phase 39
FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis Hi
Contents
MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE TRICHINELLOSIS 40
Identification of the disease: clinical signs 40
Fever 4°
Periorbital and facial oedema 40
Myalgia 41
Intestinal signs 41
Others 41
Identification of the disease: non specific laboratory signs 41
Eosinophilia 41
Muscle enzymes 42
Total IgE 42
Differential diagnosis 42
Isolated cases 42
Grouped cases 43
Detection of main complications 43
Cardiovascular 43
Myocarditis 44
Others 44
Neurological complications 44
Encephalopathy 44
Neuromuscular disturbances 45
Ocular 45
Respiratory 45
Digestive 46
Evaluation of the severity of the disease 46
Infective doses 46
Infections with different species 46
Immunocompromised persons 47
Incubation period 47
Clinical forms 47
Severe form 47
Moderately severe form 47
Benign or mildform 47
Abortive form 47
Asymptomatic form 47
HOW TO PROVE TRICHINELLA INFECTION? 48
Immunodiagnosis 48
Antigens 48
Antibody response 48
Indirect immunofluorescence 49
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 49
Western blot 50
Other techniques 50
Kit evaluation 50
Muscle biopsy 50
Trichinelloscopy 52
Digestion 52
iv FA0/WH0/0IE Guidelines forthe surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis '
Contents
Histology 51
Molecular analysis 51
TREATMENT 52
Anthelmintics 52
Mebendazole 52
Albendazole 53
New formulations 53
Glucocorticosteroids 53
Practical recommendations 54
EVOLUTION 54
Death 54
Convalescent stage 54
Chronic trichinellosis and sequelae 55
Definition 55
Treatment of sequelae and of chronic trichinellosis 55
TRICHINELLOSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND CHILDREN 55
Pregnancy 55
Children 56
CONCLUSIONS 56
ANNEX I - EUROPEAN CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL CASE DEFINITION TRICHINELLOSIS
(TR/CHINELLASPP.) 57
ANNEX II-COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN HUMANS 58
ANNEX III - INDIVIDUAL REPORT FORM 60
ANNEX IV-SURVEILLANCE FORM 61
CHAPTER 3 DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE FOR TRICHINELLA: MEAT INSPECTION
AND HYGIENE, AND LEGISLATION 69
METHODS FOR DETECTION OF TRICHINELLA 69
Direct methods: detection of Trichinella muscle larvae 69
Factors important in larval detection 69
Sample location 69
Sample size 70
Choice of method 71
Compressorium method/trichinoscopy 71
Artificial digestion methods 72
Validation of direct detection methods 74
Quality assurance system for artificial digestion methods 74
Indirect methods for surveillance: detection of Trichinella anybodies 75
Host immunity and antibody response 76
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 76
Antigen 11
Sample matrix 78
Conjugate and substrate 79
Validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 79
Quality assurance system for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 80
Antibody responses in different host species 81
Pigs 81
Horses 81
Wild boars 82
FA0/WH0/0IE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis v
Contents
Other wild animals °2
MEAT HYGIENE AND EUROPEAN UNION LEGISLATION FOR TRICHINELLA INSPECTION 83
Slaughter testing in pigs, horses and game in the European Union 84
Derogation from testing pigs by freezing treatment of meat 85
Meat obtained already frozen in the refrigeration room is to be kept in this condition 85
Freezing of meat with temperature monitored at the centre of each cut 86
Derogation from testing in pigs from a ' TrichinellaAxee' farm or region 86
ANNEX I - PROTOCOL FOR ARTIFICIAL DIGESTION TECHNIQUE (MAGNETIC STIRRER METHOD)
ACCORDING TO REGULATION (EC) NO 2075/2005 87
ANNEX II - PROTOCOL FOR INDIRECT TR/CH/NELLAEUSA BASED ON EXCRETORY/SECRETORY
ANTIGEN ACCORDING TO OIE MANUAL FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND VACCINES FOR
TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS(2004) 91
CHAPTER 4 PREVENTION OF TRICHINELLA INFECTION IN THE DOMESTIC PIG 99
INTRODUCTION 99
ROUTES OF TRANSMISSION OF TRICHINELLA TO THE DOMESTIC PIG 100
CERTIFYING PIG PRODUCTION SYSTEMS 101
Requirements for Trichinella-iree pig production 101
International Commission on Trichinellosis recommendations for certification
of Trichinella-tiee pig production (unless otherwise specified, all of the conditions
listed below must be met) 101
Architectural and environmental barriers 101
Feed and feed storage 101
Rodent control 102
Farm hygiene 102
New animals 102
European Union legislation for certifying pigs free from Trichinella infection 102
European Union requirements for holdings officially recognised as free from Trichinella 102
European Union requirements for categories of holdings officially recognised as
free from Trichinella. 104
Region where the risk of Trichinella in domestic pig is officially recognised as negligible 104
United States of America Trichine/la-iree certification programme 104
TRICH/NELLA-FREE REGIONS "_ 105
OUTDOOR HUSBANDRY 105
FA0/WH0/0IE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
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| physical | VIII, 108 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis eds: J. Dopuoy-Camet ... Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis Paris OIE 2007 VIII, 108 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Trichinellosis cabt Disease Prevention cabt Disease Control cabt Trichinella cabt Epidemiology cabt Meat Inspection cabt Dupouy-Camet, Jean Sonstige (DE-588)1279559675 oth Weltgesundheitsorganisation Sonstige (DE-588)1007857-5 oth FAO Sonstige (DE-588)2010460-1 oth International Office of Epizootics Sonstige (DE-588)2035386-8 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022151331&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis Trichinellosis cabt Disease Prevention cabt Disease Control cabt Trichinella cabt Epidemiology cabt Meat Inspection cabt |
| title | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| title_alt | Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| title_auth | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| title_exact_search | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| title_full | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis eds: J. Dopuoy-Camet ... |
| title_fullStr | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis eds: J. Dopuoy-Camet ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis eds: J. Dopuoy-Camet ... |
| title_short | FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| title_sort | fao who oie guidelines for the surveillance management prevention and control of trichinellosis |
| topic | Trichinellosis cabt Disease Prevention cabt Disease Control cabt Trichinella cabt Epidemiology cabt Meat Inspection cabt |
| topic_facet | Trichinellosis Disease Prevention Disease Control Trichinella Epidemiology Meat Inspection |
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