MicroRNAs in development and cancer:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Imperial College Press
2011
|
| Series: | Molecular medicine and medicinal chemistry
1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | XV, 282 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781848163669 1848163665 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a MicroRNAs in development and cancer |c ed.: Frank J. Slack |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
xiii
1
Introduction
to Gene Regulation by Small RNAs
1
Allison
!..
Abbott
1.1
Introduction
1
1.2
(iene
Regulation by MicroRNAs
2
1.2.1
Mechanisms for microRNA-mediated regulation
3
of gene expression
1.2.2
Identification of microRNA-regulated
5
target mRNAs
1.3
Gene Regulation by piRNAs
8
1.3.1
Mechanism for piRNA-mediated regulation
8
of gene expression
1.4
Summary and Perspectives
9
Acknowledgments
10
References
10
2
The Emerging Non-Coding
RNA
World
17
Ahmad
Λί.
KhaliL Make Huarte ami John L.
Rinn
2.1
Introduction to Non-Coding RNAs
18
2.2
Classifications of Long ncRNAs Based
on Genomic Organisation
22
2.2.1
Intronic non-coding RNAs
24
vi
Contents
2.2.2
Antisense
ncRNAs
26
2.2.2.1
Antisense ncRNAs in genomic
28
imprinting
2.2.2.2
Other types of
gene
regulation by
29
antisense ncRNAs
2.2.3
Bidirectional ncRNAs
29
2.2.4
Large intergenic non-coding
RNA
(HncRNA)
31
2.3
Emerging Functional Themes of Long ncRNAs
33
2.3.1
NcRNAs in chromatin organisation and
33
guidance
2.3.2
Long ncRNAs in differentiation and
37
development
2.3.3
Promoter associated non-coding RNAs
38
2.4
Non-Coding RNAs in Human Disease
39
2.4.1
Long non-coding RNAs in cancer
40
2.4.2
Long non-coding RNAs in neurological
40
disorders
2.4.3
Long non-coding RNAs in other diseases
42
2.5
Conclusion
43
References
44
3
MicroRNAs in
C. elegans
Development
51
Helge Großhans
andAlmuth
E.
Müllner
3.1
Introduction
51
3.2
MicroRNA Biogenesis
52
3.3
The Mechanism of Action of
C. elegans
miRNAs
55
3.4
MicroRNA Targets and Their Prediction
56
3.5
Small Temporal RNAs and the Heterochronic Pathway
59
3.6
The lin-4 miRNA Family
61
3.6.1
Lin-4 promotes L2 fates by repressing
lin-
14 61
3.6.2
Lin-4 represses lin-28 to promote L3 fates
64
3.6.3
Regulation of ageing by lin-4
65
3.6.4
Members of the lin-4 family in
C. elegans
66
and beyond
3.7
The let-? miRNA Family
67
Contents
vìi
3.7.1 Let-7
regulates several targets in multiple
67
tissues to promote adult cell fates
3.7.2
Let-7 is part of a large microRNA family
70
3.8
Regulation of
Neuronal
Differentiation by mir-273
72
and lsy-6
ЪЭ
Mir-1, a Highly Conserved, Muscle-Specific miRNA
74
3.10
MiR-61 as a Regulator of Vulval Differentiation
75
3.11
Few miRNAs Appear to be Individually Important
for
C. elegans
Development
76
3.12
Elucidating the Function of Uncharacterised miRNAs
79
3.13
MiRNA Regulatory Networks
83
3.14
Conclusions and Outlook
84
Acknowledgments
84
References
85
MicroRNAs in Mammalian Development
95
Andrea Ventura
4.1
Introduction
96
4.2
Processing of miRNAs
96
4.3
Deletion of Dicer and Drosha in
ES
Cells
97
4.4
Conditional Deletion of Drosha, DGCR8 and Dicer
98
4.5
Deletion of
Argonautein
Mice
100
4.6
Biological Functions of Individual miRNAs
101
4.7
MicroRNAs in Hematopoiesis and the Immune System
102
4.8
MiR-ieia
103
4.9
MiR-155
104
4.10
MiR-17-92 and Paralogues
105
4.11
MiR-150
108
4.12
MiR-223
109
4.13
MiRNAs in Heart Development and Function
110
4.14
The miR-l~133 Family of miRNA Clusters
110
4.15
MyomiRs
112
4.16
MiR-203 and Skin Development
113
4.17
Conclusion
115
Acknowledgments
115
References
115
Contents
MicroRNAs in Hematopoietic Development 125
Silvia Monticelli
5.1
Introduction
125
5.2 MiRNA Biogenesis and Post-Transcriptional 126
Regulation
5.3 MiRNA Target
Recognition
and 3
UTR
Regulation 129
5.4
Interplay Between miRNAs and Transcription Factors
131
in Hematopoiesis
5.5 MiRNA
Biogenesis Role in
Hematopoietic 133
Development
and Inflammation
5.6
Control of Cell Survival and Cell Proliferation
135
5.7
Control of Cell Differentiation
136
5.8
MiRNAs and Adaptive Immune Responses
138
5.9
MiRNAs and Innate Immune Responses
139
5.10
Perspective
142
Acknowledgments
142
References
142
MicroRNAs Function as Tumor Suppressor Genes
149
and Oncogenes
Aurora Esquela-Kerscher
6.1
Introduction: MicroRNAs are Closely Linked
150
with Cancer
6.2
MiRNAs Control a Variety of Developmental
151
Processes Related to Cancer Progression Pathways
6.3
MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer
153
6.4
MiRNA Dysregulation and Disease
157
6.4.1
MicroRNAs as tumor suppressors
158
6.4.1.1
MiR-lSaandmiR-ló
158
6.4.1.2
The let-7 family
159
6.4.1.3
MiR-26a
160
6.4.1.4
The miR-29 family
161
6.4.2
Oncogenic microRNAs
163
6.4.2.1
MiR-155
163
6.4.2.2
The miR-17-92 cluster
164
6.4.2.3
MiR-21
166
Contents ix
6.5
A Role for MicroRNAs in Metastasis
167
6.5.1
MicroRNA activators of metastasis
167
6.5.1.1
MiR-lOb
167
6.5.1.2
MiR-373 and miR-520c
168
6.5.2
MiRNA suppressors of metastasis
170
6.5.2.1
MiR-335, miR-126 and miR-206
170
6.6
Conclusions and Future Outlook
171
References
172
7
Simultaneous Detection of Primary, Precursor and
185
Mature MicroRNAs by qPCR
Jinmai Jiang, Eun foo Lee and Thomas D.
Schmittgen
7.1
Introduction
185
7.2
Description of the Technology
187
7.3
Examples That Use the Technology
191
7.4
Conclusions and Prospects
191
Acknowledgments
193
References
193
8
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in MicroRNAs and
197
MicroRNA Binding Sites with Roles in Cancer
Lena J. Chin and Frank
].
Slack
8.1
MiRNAs as Oncogenes and Tumour Suppressors
197
8.2
MiRNA Profiling
198
8.3
Dual Roles for MiRNAs as Oncogenes and Tumour
199
Suppressors
8.4
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Associated
200
with MiRNA Genes
8.5
SNPs in MiRNA Binding Sites
202
8.6
MiRNA-Associated SNPs Associated with Cancer
204
8.7
Conclusions
205
References
206
9
MicroRNAs as Potential Diagnostics and Therapeutics
213
Trupti Paranjape, Jae Choi ana Joanne B.
Weidhaas
9.1
MicroRNAs in Cancer Diagnostics
214
x
Contents
9.1.1 MicroRNA
profiling
in
identifying early
215
malignant changes
9.1.2
Differentiating tumour subtypes
216
9.1.3
MicroRNAs in detecting early cancers
218
9.1.4
MicroRNAs in diagnosing unknown tumour
219
origin
9.1.5
MicroRNAs in diagnosing cancer
221
predisposition
9.2
MicroRNAs in Cancer Therapeutics
223
9.2.1
Ectopie
expression of miRNAs as cancer
223
therapy
9.2.1.1
MiRNAs as tumour suppressors
223
9.2.1.2
Restoring miRNA expression in vivo
224
9.2.2
MiRNA antagonism as anti-cancer therapy
225
9.2.2.1
MicroRNAs as oncogenes
225
9.2.2.2
Antagomirs
227
9.2.3
MiRNAs as adjuvants to conventional therapy
227
9.2.3.1
MiRNAs as modulators of radiation
227
therapy
9.2.3.2
MiRNAs as modulators of
228
chemotherapy response
9.2.4
MicroRNAs in metastasis: potential for future
229
miRNA therapy
Conclusions
230
Acknowledgments
231
References
231
10
MicroRNA Target Prediction
237
Isidore Rigontsos and Aristotelis Tsirigos
10.1
Introduction
237
10.2
Definitions and Background
238
10.3
Methods
240
10.3.1
Seed -driven methods
240
10.3.2
Non-seed driven methods
243
10.3.3
Conservation requirement and
245
sequence-context
Contents xi
10.3.4
Incorporating non-sequence information
247
10.3.5
Non-computational methods for identifying
250
microRNA targets
10.4
Estimating Peformance
253
10.5
Availability of Tools and Predictions
255
10.6
Conclusion
258
References
259
11
Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer
—
The Other Part
265
of the Story
Muller
Fabbri
and George
A. Calin
11.1
Introduction
266
11.2
UCGs: Location and Expression Profiles Prove
267
a Cancer Link
11.3
UCGs as Oncogenes or Tumour Suppressor Genes
268
11.4
Regulation of UCG Expression
269
11.5
Sequence Variations in UCRs and Cancer Risk
271
11.6
PiRNAs and Cancer
272
11.7
Conclusion
273
Acknowledgments
273
References
274
Index
279
MicroRNAs
have recently emerged as key regulators of gene expression
during development and are frequently misexpressed in human disease
states, in particular cancer. These 22-nucleotide-long transcripts act
to promote or repress cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis during
development, all of which are processes that go awry in cancer. Thus,
microRNAs have the ability to behave like oncogenes or tumor
suppressors. In addition, their small size and molecular properties
make them amenable as targets and therapeutics in cancer treatment.
This book goes into detail on how microRNAs represent a paradigm
shift in thinking about gene regulation during development and
disease, and provide the oncologist with a potentially powerful new
battery of agents to diagnose and treat cancer.
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| spelling | MicroRNAs in development and cancer ed.: Frank J. Slack London Imperial College Press 2011 XV, 282 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Molecular medicine and medicinal chemistry 1 Krebszelle (DE-588)4128704-6 gnd rswk-swf miRNS (DE-588)7736808-3 gnd rswk-swf Krebszelle (DE-588)4128704-6 s miRNS (DE-588)7736808-3 s DE-604 Slack, Frank J. Sonstige oth Molecular medicine and medicinal chemistry 1 (DE-604)BV036891092 1 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020169828&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020169828&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | MicroRNAs in development and cancer Molecular medicine and medicinal chemistry Krebszelle (DE-588)4128704-6 gnd miRNS (DE-588)7736808-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4128704-6 (DE-588)7736808-3 |
| title | MicroRNAs in development and cancer |
| title_auth | MicroRNAs in development and cancer |
| title_exact_search | MicroRNAs in development and cancer |
| title_full | MicroRNAs in development and cancer ed.: Frank J. Slack |
| title_fullStr | MicroRNAs in development and cancer ed.: Frank J. Slack |
| title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs in development and cancer ed.: Frank J. Slack |
| title_short | MicroRNAs in development and cancer |
| title_sort | micrornas in development and cancer |
| topic | Krebszelle (DE-588)4128704-6 gnd miRNS (DE-588)7736808-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Krebszelle miRNS |
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