The chemical biology of DNA damage:
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| Physical Description: | XXII, 449 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783527322954 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The chemical biology of DNA damage |c ed. by Nicholas E. Geacintov ... |
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EDITED BY NICHOLAS E. GEACINTOV AND SUSE BROYDE THE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY OF
DNA DAMAGE WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH VERLAG GMBH & CO. KGAA CONTENTS PREFACE
XV LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XVII PART ONE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF DNA
LESIONS 1 1 INTRODUCTION AND PERSPECTIVES ON THE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY
OF DNA DAMAGE 3 NICHOLAS E. GEACINTOV AND SUSE BROYDE 1.1 OVERVIEW OF
THE FIELD 3 1.2 DNA DAMAGE-A CONSTANT THREAT 4 1.3 DNA DAMAGE AND
DISEASE 5 1.3.1 THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE 5 1.3.2 REACTIVE OXYGEN AND
NITROGEN SPECIES 5 1.3.3 EARLY RECOGNITION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY RELATED
CANCERS: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS 6 1.3.4 EXPOSURE TO
ENVIRONMENTAL CANCER-CAUSING SUBSTANCES 6 1.3.5 AFLATOXINS 7 1.3.6
ARISTOLOCHIC ACID 7 1.3.7 ESTROGENS 8 1.4 DNA DAMAGE AND
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS 8 1.5 THE CELLULAR DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE
(DDR) 9 1.6 REPAIR MECHANISMS THAT REMOVE DNA LESIONS 10 1.6.1 REPAIR OF
SINGLE-AND DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS 10 1.6.2 ALKYLATING AGENTS 10 1.6.3 BASE
EXCISION REPAIR 11 1.6.4 MISMATCH EXCISION REPAIR 11 1.6.5 NUCLEOTIDE
EXCISION REPAIR 11 1.6.6 TRANSLESION BYPASS OF UNREPAIRED LESIONS BY
SPECIALIZED DNA POLYMERASES AND RNA POLYMERASES 12 1.7 RELATIONSHIPS
BETWEEN THE CHEMICAL, STRUCTURAL, AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DNA LESIONS
12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 15 REFERENCES 15 THE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY OF DNA DAMAGE.
EDITED BY NICHOLAS E. GEACINTOV AND SUSE BROYDE 2010 WILEY-VCH VERLAG
GMBH & CO. KGAA, WEINHEIM ISBN: 978-3-527-32295-4 VI CONTENTS 2
CHEMISTRY OF INFLAMMATION AND DNA DAMAGE: BIOLOGICAL IMPACT OF REACTIVE
NITROGEN SPECIES 21 MICHAEL S. DEMOTT AND PETER C. DEDON 2.1
INTRODUCTION 21 2.2 DNA OXIDATION AND NITRATION 23 2.2.1 SPECTRUM OF
GUANINE OXIDATION PRODUCTS CAUSED BY ONOO~, ONOOCO;, AND NOJ 23 2.2.2
BASE OXIDATION PRODUCTS AS BIOMARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND OXIDATIVE
STRESS 25 2.2.3 CHARGE TRANSFER AS A DETERMINANT OF THE LOCATION OF G
OXIDATION PRODUCTS IN DNA 25 2.3 DNA DEAMINATION 26 2.3.1 PROBLEM OF
OXANINE 29 2.3.2 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND ARTIFACTS 29 2.4 2'-DEOXYRIBOSE
OXIDATION 30 2.4.1 VARIATION OF 2'-DEOXYRIBOSE OXIDATION CHEMISTRY AS A
FUNCTION OF THE OXIDANT 34 2.5 INDIRECT BASE DAMAGE CAUSED BY RNS 35
2.5.1 MALONDIALDEHYDE AND RELATED ADDUCTS 37 2.6 CONCLUSIONS 38
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 38 REFERENCES 38 3 OXIDATIVELY GENERATED DAMAGE TO
ISOLATED AND CELLULAR DNA 53 JEAN CADET, THIERRY DOUKI, AND JEAN-LUC
RAVANAT 3.1 INTRODUCTION 53 3.1.1 OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY 53 3.1.2 OVERVIEW
OF OXIDATIVELY GENERATED DNA DAMAGE 53 3.2 SINGLE BASE DAMAGE 55 3.2.1
SINGLET OXYGEN OXIDATION OF GUANINE 55 3.2.2 HYDROXYL RADICAL REACTIONS
58 3.2.2.1 THYMINE 58 3.2.2.2 GUANINE 60 3.2.2.3 ADENINE 62 3.2.3
ONE-ELECTRON OXIDATION OF NUCLEOBASES 63 3.2.4 H0C1 ACID-MEDIATED
HALOGENATION OF PYRIMIDINE AND PURINE BASES 65 3.3 TANDEM BASE LESIONS
66 3.4 HYDROXYL RADICAL-MEDIATED 2-DEOXYRIBOSE OXIDATION REACTIONS 67
3.4.1 HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION AT C4': FORMATION OF CYTOSINE ADDUCTS 67
3.4.2 HYDROGEN ATOM ABSTRACTION AT C5': FORMATION OF PURINE
5',8-CYCLONUCLEOSIDES 68 3.5 SECONDARY OXIDATION REACTIONS OF BASES 70
3.6 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 71 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 71 REFERENCES 72
CONTENTS VII 4 ROLE OF FREE RADICAL REACTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF DNA
DAMAGE 81 VLADIMIR SHAJIROVICH AND NICHOLAS E. GEACINTOV 4.1
INTRODUCTION 81 4.2 IMPORTANCE OF FREE RADICAL REACTIONS WITH DNA 82
4.2.1 FREE RADICAL MECHANISMS: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 82 4.2.2 TYPES OF
FREE RADICALS AND THEIR REACTIONS WITH NUCLEIC ACIDS 83 4.2.3 METHODS
FOR STUDYING FREE RADICAL REACTIONS: LASER FLASH PHOTOLYSIS 84 4.2.4
TYPES OF RADICAL REACTIONS AND KINETICS 85 4.2.5 EXAMPLES OF DNA RADICAL
REACTIONS 86 4.2.6 LIFETIMES OF FREE RADICALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS 88 4.2.7 REACTIONS OF FREE RADICALS 89 4.3 MECHANISMS OF
PRODUCT FORMATION 91 4.3.1 REACTIONS OF G(-H)'RADICALS WITH NUCLEOPHILES
91 4.3.2 COMBINATIONS OF G(-H)'AND OXYL RADICALS 93 4.3.3 OXIDATION OF
8-OXOG 97 4.4 BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS 99 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 100 REFERENCES
101 5 DNA DAMAGE CAUSED BY ENDOGENOUSLY GENERATED PRODUCTS OF OXIDATIVE
STRESS 105 CHARLES G. KNUTSON AND LAWRENCE J. MARNETT 5.1 LIPID
PEROXIDATION 105 5.2 2'-DEOXYRIBOSE PEROXIDATION 107 5.3 REACTIONS OF
MDA AND FS-SUBSTITUTED ACROLEINS WITH DNA BASES 109 5.4 STABILITY OF
M[DG: HYDROLYTIC RING-OPENING AND REACTION WITH NUCLEOPHILES 112 5.5
PROPANO ADDUCTS 114 5.6 ETHENO ADDUCTS 114 5.7 MUTAGENICITY OF
PEROXIDATION-DERIVED ADDUCTS 117 5.8 REPAIR OF DNA DAMAGE 121 5.9
ASSESSMENT OF DNA DAMAGE 123 5.10 CONCLUSIONS 126 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 126
REFERENCES 126 6 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS: MULTIPLE METABOLIC
PATHWAYS AND THE DNA LESIONS FORMED 131 TREVOR M. PENNING 6.1
INTRODUCTION 131 6.2 RADICAL CATION PATHWAY 134 6.2.1 METABOLIC
ACTIVATION OF PAHS 134 6.2.2 RADICAL CATION DNA ADDUCTS 135 6.2.3
LIMITATIONS OF THE RADICAL CATION PATHWAY 136 6.3 DIOL EPOXIDES 137 VIM
CONTENTS 6.3.1 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF PAHS 137 6.3.2 DIOL EPOXIDE-DNA
ADDUCTS 138 6.3.3 LIMITATIONS OF THE DIOL EPOXIDE PATHWAY 140 6.4 PAH
O-QUINONES 141 6.4.1 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF PAH TRANS-DIHYDRODIOLS BY
AKRS 141 6.4.2 PAH O-QUINONE-DERIVED DNA ADDUCTS 142 6.4.2.1 COVALENT
PAH O-QUINONE-DNA ADDUCTS 142 6.4.2.2 OXIDATIVE DNA LESIONS FROM PAH
O-QUINONES 144 6.4.3 LIMITATIONS OF THE PAH O-QUINONE PATHWAY 146 6.5
FUTURE DIRECTIONS 147 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 148 REFERENCES 148 7 AROMATIC
AMINES AND HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC AMINES: FROM TOBACCO SMOKE TO FOOD
MUTAGENS 157 ROBERT J. TURESKY 7.1 INTRODUCTION 157 7.2 EXPOSURE AND
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY 157 7.3 ENZYMES OF METABOLIC ACTIVATION AND GENETIC
POLYMORPHISMS 159 7.4 REACTIVITY OF N-HYDROXY-AAS AND N-HYDROXY-HAAS
WITH DNA 161 7.5 SYNTHESES OF AA-DNA AND HAA-DNA ADDUCTS 162 7.6
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AA-DNA AND HAA-DNA ADDUCTS 162 7.7 BACTERIAL
MUTAGENESIS 164 7.8 MAMMALIAN MUTAGENESIS 165 7.9 MUTAGENESIS IN
TRANSGENIC RODENTS 166 7.10 GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ONCOGENES AND TUMOR
SUPPRESSOR GENES 167 7.11 AA-DNA AND HAA-DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AND METHODS OF DETECTION 168 7.12 AA-DNA AND
HAA-DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN HUMANS 171 7.13 FUTURE DIRECTIONS 173
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 173 REFERENCES 173 8 GENOTOXIC ESTROGEN PATHWAY:
ENDOGENOUS AND EQUINE ESTROGEN HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY 185 JUDY L.
BOLTON AND GREGORY R.J. THATCHER 8.1 RISKS OF ESTROGEN EXPOSURE 185 8.2
MECHANISMS OF ESTROGEN CARCINOGENESIS 187 8.2.1 HORMONAL MECHANISM 187
8.2.2 CHEMICAL MECHANISM 188 8.2.2.1 OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE 188 8.2.2.2
DNA ADDUCTS 189 8.2.2.3 PROTECTION AGAINST DNA DAMAGE 192 8.3 ESTROGEN
RECEPTOR AS A TROJAN HORSE (COMBINED HORMONAL/CHEMICAL MECHANISM) 193
CONTENTS IX 8.4 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 194 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
194 REFERENCES 194 PART TWO NEW FRONTIERS AND CHALLENGES: UNDERSTANDING
STRUCTURE- FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY 201 9
INTERSTRAND DNA CROSS-LINKING 1,N 2 -DEOXYGUANOSINE ADDUCTS DERIVED FROM
OC.P'-UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES: STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS 203
MICHAEL P. STONE, HAI HUANG, YOUNG-JIN CHO, HYE-YOUNG KIM, IVAN D.
KOZEKOV, ALBENA KOZEKOVA, HAO WANG, IRINA G. MINKO, R. STEPHEN LLOYD,
THOMAS M. HARRIS, AND CARMELOJ. RIZZO 9.1 INTRODUCTION 203 9.2
INTERSTRAND CROSS-LINKING CHEMISTRY OF THE Y-OH-PDG ADDUCT (9) 205 9.3
INTERSTRAND CROSS-LINKING BY THE A-CH 3 -Y-OH-PDG ADDUCTS DERIVED FROM
CROTONALDEHYDE 207 9.4 INTERSTRAND CROSS-LINKING BY 4-HNE 207 9.5
CARBINOLAMINE CROSS-LINKS MAINTAIN WATSON-CRICK BASE-PAIRING 209 9.6
ROLE OF DNA SEQUENCE 210 9.7 ROLE OF STEREOCHEMISTRY IN MODULATING
CROSS-LINKING 210 9.8 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE 212 9.9 CONCLUSIONS 213
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 213 REFERENCES 213 10 STRUCTURE-FUNCTION
CHARACTERISTICS OF AROMATIC AMINE-DNA ADDUCTS 217 BONGSUP CHO 10.1
INTRODUCTION 217 10.2 MAJOR CONFORMATIONAL MOTIFS 219 10.2.1 FULLY
COMPLEMENTARY DNA DUPLEXES 219 10.2.2 OTHER SEQUENCE CONTEXTS 220 10.3
CONFORMATIONAL HETEROGENEITY 221 10.3.1 SEQUENCE EFFECTS ON THE S/B
CONFORMATIONAL HETEROGENEITY 222 10.3.2 CONFORMATIONAL DYNAMICS OF THE
S/B HETEROGENEITY 224 10.3.3 BASE SEQUENCE CONTEXT AND MUTAGENESIS 224
10.3.4 DEPENDENCE OF NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR BY E. COLI UVRABC
PROTEINS ON ADDUCT CONFORMATION 225 10.3.5 CONFORMATIONAL HETEROGENEITY
IN TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS 227 10.3.6 SEQUENCE EFFECTS ON THE
CONFORMATIONAL STABILITY OF SMIS 230 10.4 STRUCTURES OF DNA LESION-DNA
POLYMERASE COMPLEXES 231 10.5 CONCLUSIONS 232 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 233
REFERENCES 233 X CONTENTS 11 MECHANISMS OF BASE EXCISION REPAIR AND
NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR 239 ORLANDO D. SCHDRER AND ARTHUR J. CAMPBELL
11.1 GENERAL FEATURES OF BASE EXCISION AND NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR
239 11.2 BER 241 11.2.1 BER OVERVIEW-SHORT-PATCH AND LONG-PATCH BER 241
11.2.2 LESION RECOGNITION BY DNA GLYCOSYLASES 242 11.2.3 PASSING THE
BATON-ABASIC SITE REMOVAL AND REPAIR 247 11.3 NER 248 11.3.1 SUBPATHWAYS
OF NER: GLOBAL GENOME AND TRANSCRIPTION-COUPLED NER 248 11.3.2 DAMAGE
RECOGNITION IN GG-NER 248 11.3.3 DAMAGE VERIFICATION AND LESION
DEMARCATION IN NER 251 11.3.4 DUAL-INCISION AND REPAIR SYNTHESIS IN NER
252 11.3.5 DAMAGE RECOGNITION IN TC-NER 252 11.4 CONCLUSIONS 254
REFERENCES 254 12 RECOGNITION AND REMOVAL OF BULKY DNA LESIONS BY THE
NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR SYSTEM 261 YUQIN CAI, KONSTANTIN KROPACHEV,
MARINA KOLBANOVSKIY, ALEXANDER KOLBANOVSKIY, SUSE BROYDE, DINSHAW J.
PATEL, AND NICHOLAS E. GEACINTOV 12.1 INTRODUCTION 261 12.2 OVERVIEW OF
MAMMALIAN NER 263 12.3 PROKARYOTIC NER 263 12.4 RECOGNITION OF BULKY
LESIONS BY MAMMALIAN NER FACTORS 263 12.5 BIPARTITE MODEL OF MAMMALIAN
NER AND THE MULTIPARTITE MODEL OF LESION RECOGNITION 264 12.6 DNA
LESIONS DERIVED FROM THE REACTIONS OF PAH DIOL EPOXIDES WITH DNA ARE
EXCELLENT SUBSTRATES FOR PROBING THE MECHANISMS OF NER 265 12.7
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TOWARDS INVESTIGATING STRUCTURE-FUNCTION
RELATIONSHIPS IN THE NER OF BULKY PAH-DNA ADDUCTS 268 12.8 DEPENDENCE OF
DNA ADDUCT CONFORMATIONS AND NER ON PAH TOPOLOGY AND STEREOCHEMISTRY 269
12.8.1 GUANINE B[A]P ADDUCTS (FIGURE 12.3A): MINOR GROOVE AND BASE-
DISPLACED/INTERCALATIVE CONFORMATIONS 270 12.8.2 BAY REGION
BLAJP-N'-ADENINE ADDUCTS (FIGURE 12.3B): DISTORTING INTERCALATIVE
INSERTIONS FROM THE MAJOR GROOVE 271 12.8.3 FJORD REGION PAH N'-ADENINE
ADDUCTS (FIGURE 12.3C AND D): MINIMALLY DISTORTING INTERCALATION FROM
THE MAJOR GROOVE 272 12.8.4 DEPENDENCE OF NER EFFICIENCIES ON THE
CONFORMATIONS OF THE BAY REGION B[A]P-N 2 -DG ADDUCTS 272 12.8.5 NER
EFFICIENCIES: BAY AND FJORD REGION PAH DIOL EPOXIDE-LV'-DA ADDUCTS 278
12.8.6 WHY THE TRONS-ANTI-B[C]PH-N 6 -DA AND RELATED FJORD REGION N^-DA
ADDUCTS DO NOT DESTABILIZE DNA AND ARE RESISTANT TO NER 280 CONTENTS XI
12.9 DEPENDENCE OF NER OF THE 10S (+)-TRANS-ANTI-B[A]P-N 2 -DG ADDUCT ON
BASE SEQUENCE CONTEXT 280 12.9.1 STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
IDENTICAL 10S (+)-TRANS-ANTI-B[A]P-N 2 -DG ADDUCT IN DIFFERENT SEQUENCE
CONTEXTS 281 12.9.1.1 CG*C AND TG*T SEQUENCES 282 12.9.1.2 G6*G7, G6G7-,
AND I6G7* SEQUENCES 282 12.9.2 HIERARCHIES OF MAMMALIAN NER RECOGNITION
SIGNALS 286 12.10 CONCLUSIONS 287 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 289 REFERENCES 289 13
IMPACT OF CHEMICAL ADDUCTS ON TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS IN REPLICATIVE AND
BYPASS DNA POLYMERASES: FROM STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION 299 ROBERT L. EOJF,
MARTIN EGLI, AND F. PETER GUENGERICH 13.1 INTRODUCTION 299 13.2 BYPASS
OF ABASIC SITES 302 13.3 LESIONS GENERATED BY OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO DNA
305 13.4 EXOCYCLIC DNA ADDUCT BYPASS 308 13.5 ALKYLATED DNA 310 13.6
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND THE EFFECT OF ADDUCT SIZE UPON
POLYMERASE CATALYSIS 313 13.7 CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS AND UV
PHOTOPRODUCTS 316 13.8 INTER- AND INTRASTRAND DNA CROSS-LINKS 316 13.9
CONCLUSIONS 318 REFERENCES 319 14 ELUCIDATING STRUCTURE-FUNCTION
RELATIONSHIPS IN BULKY DNA LESIONS: FROM SOLUTION STRUCTURES TO
POLYMERASES 331 SUSE BROYDE, LIHUA WANG, DINSHAWJ. PATEL, AND NICHOLAS
E. GEACINTOV 14.1 INTRODUCTION 331 14.2 BENZO[O]PYRENE-DERIVED DNA
LESIONS AS A USEFUL MODEL 331 14.3 COMPUTATIONAL ELUCIDATION OF THE
STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF B[A]P-DERIVED DNA LESIONS IN SOLUTION 333 14.4
DNA POLYMERASE STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS ELUCIDATED WITH
B[A]P-DERIVED LESIONS 335 14.5 MECHANISM OF THE NUCLEOTIDYL TRANSFER
REACTION 343 14.6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 345
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 345 REFERENCES 346 15 TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS AND
MUTAGENIC PATHWAYS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI CELLS 353 SUSHIL CHANDANI AND
EDWARD L. LOECHLER 15.1 INTRODUCTION 353 15.2 MUTAGENESIS IN E. COLI HAS
ILLUMINATED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MUTAGENESIS IN GENERAL 354 XII CONTENTS
15.3 WHY DOES E. COLI HAVE THREE TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS DNA POLYMERASES?
356 15.4 OVERVIEW OF THE STEPS LEADING TO TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS 358 15.5
CASE STUDIES: AAF-C8-DG AND N 2 -DG ADDUCTS, SUCH AS +BP 360 15.6
STRUCTURE-FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF Y-FAMILY POLS IV AND V OF E. COLI 362
15.6.1 STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR A LARGE VERSUS SMALL CHIMNEY OPENING 366
15.6.2 ROOF-AMINO ACIDS AND ROOF-NEIGHBOR-AMINO ACIDS 368 15.6.3
INTERCONNECTED ARCHITECTURE OF THE CHIMNEY AND ROOF REGIONS 368 15.6.4
DCTP INSERTION BY POL IV 369 15.6.5 HOW DOES UMUC(V) INSERT DATP? 370
15.6.6 A CAUTIONARY NOTE ABOUT DPO4 371 15.6.7 WHY IS POL IV EFFICIENT
AT EXTENSION WITH -BP, BUT INEFFICIENT WITH +BP? 372 15.7 Y-FAMILY DNA
POLYMERASE MECHANISTIC STEPS 373 15.8 STRUCTURE OF B-FAMILY POL II OF E.
COLI 373 REFERENCES 374 16 INSIGHT INTO THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF
TRANSLESION DNA SYNTHESIS IN HUMAN CELLS USING PROBES WITH CHEMICALLY
DEFINED DNA LESIONS 381 ZVI LIVNEH 16.1 INTRODUCTION 381 16.2 OVERVIEW
OF TLS 382 16.3 PLASMID MODEL SYSTEMS WITH DEFINED LESIONS FOR STUDYING
TLS 384 16.4 GAP-LESION PLASMID ASSAY FOR MAMMALIAN TLS 384 16.5 SOME
LESIONS ARE BYPASSED MOST EFFECTIVELY AND MOST ACCURATELY BY SPECIFIC
COGNATE TLS DNA POLYMERASES 387 16.6 PIVOTAL ROLE FOR POL IN TLS
ACROSS A WIDE VARIETY OF DNA LESIONS 388 16.7 KNOCKING-DOWN THE
EXPRESSION OF TLS POLYMERASES USING SMALL INTERFERING RNA PROVIDES A
USEFUL TOOL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF TLS USING THE GAPPED PLASMID ASSAY 388
16.8 EVIDENCE THAT TLS OCCURS BY TWO-POLYMERASE MECHANISMS, IN
COMBINATIONS THAT DETERMINE THE ACCURACY OF THE PROCESS 391 16.9
CONCLUSIONS 393 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 393 REFERENCES 394 17 DNA DAMAGE AND
TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION: CONSEQUENCES AND RNA INTEGRITY 399 KRISTIAN
DREIJ, JOHN A. BURNS, ALEXANDRA DIMITRI, LANA NIRENSTEIN, TAISSIA
NOUJNYKH, AND DAVID A. SCICCHITANO 17.1 INTRODUCTION 399 17.2 DNA REPAIR
400 17.3 TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION AND DNA DAMAGE 402 17A RNA
POLYMERASES: A BRIEF OVERVIEW 402 CONTENTS XIII 17.5 RNA POLYMERASE
ELONGATION PAST DNA DAMAGE 407 17.5.1 ABASIC SITES, SINGLE-STRAND NICKS,
AND GAPS 407 17.5.2 OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE 408 17.5.3 ALKYLATED BASES IN
DNA 412 17.5.4 INTRASTRAND AND INTERSTRAND DNA CROSS-LINKS 414 17.5.5
"BULKY" DNA ADDUCTS 416 17.6 CONCLUSIONS 421 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 428
REFERENCES 429 INDEX 439 |
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| discipline | Biologie Chemie |
| format | Book |
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV025560547 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T10:34:21Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783527322954 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020159984 |
| oclc_num | 695838981 |
| open_access_boolean | |
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| owner_facet | DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-91G DE-BY-TUM |
| physical | XXII, 449 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | The chemical biology of DNA damage ed. by Nicholas E. Geacintov ... Weinheim Wiley-VCH 2010 XXII, 449 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier DNS-Schädigung (DE-588)4150350-8 gnd rswk-swf DNS-Reparatur (DE-588)4150347-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content DNS-Schädigung (DE-588)4150350-8 s DE-604 DNS-Reparatur (DE-588)4150347-8 s b DE-604 Geacintov, Nicholas E. edt text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3294465&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020159984&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The chemical biology of DNA damage DNS-Schädigung (DE-588)4150350-8 gnd DNS-Reparatur (DE-588)4150347-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4150350-8 (DE-588)4150347-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | The chemical biology of DNA damage |
| title_auth | The chemical biology of DNA damage |
| title_exact_search | The chemical biology of DNA damage |
| title_full | The chemical biology of DNA damage ed. by Nicholas E. Geacintov ... |
| title_fullStr | The chemical biology of DNA damage ed. by Nicholas E. Geacintov ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The chemical biology of DNA damage ed. by Nicholas E. Geacintov ... |
| title_short | The chemical biology of DNA damage |
| title_sort | the chemical biology of dna damage |
| topic | DNS-Schädigung (DE-588)4150350-8 gnd DNS-Reparatur (DE-588)4150347-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | DNS-Schädigung DNS-Reparatur Aufsatzsammlung |
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