The theory primer: a sociological guide
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Lanham [u.a.]
Rowman and Littlefield
2006
|
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 343 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780742518919 9780742518926 0742518914 0742518922 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Figures and Tables xii
Preface XV
Acknowledgments xix
1 Theories and Theorizing 1
A Definition of Theory 2
Theory and Explanation 4
Analysis 4
Explication 5
Causal Accounting 6
Theorizing as a Process 8
Phase 1: Developing a Problem 9
Phase 2: Creating a Theory 13
Phase 3: Evaluating the Theory 20
A Brief Review 27
Theories, Causal Narratives, and Descriptive Narratives 30
Theories and Paradigms 35
Conclusion 36
Notes 38
Interlude: The Context of Classical Theory 41
2 Karl Marx and Capitalism 47
Capitalism as a Problem 48
Capitalism Observed 50
viii Contents
The Workers Condition Conceptualized as a Variable 51
Alienation 52
Exploitation 56
Changes in Working Conditions: An Empirical
Generalization 59
Creating a Theory to Explain the Change 60
Working Conditions and Concentration of Power 61
Mode of Production, Technological Innovation, and Class
Struggle 63
Mechanisms of Change 66
A Causal Narrative Explaining the Transition from
Handicrafts to Manufacturing in Europe 67
Evaluating Marx s Theory 69
Predicting the Transition from Capitalism to Communism 70
The Mechanism of Transition 73
Evidence for and against the Theory 76
Conclusion 79
Appendix 2A: The Dialectic 80
Notes 84
3 Historical Materialism and Its Legacy 87
The Paradigm of Historical Materialism 87
The Legacy of Marx 95
The Conflict Paradigm 96
A Theory of Gender Relations 98
The Paradigm of Cultural Materialism 101
Explaining Sacred Cows 104
Conclusion 106
Notes 107
4 Max Weber and Capitalism 111
Weber s Program: Theoretical Modesty and Use of Analytic
Typologies 112
Weber s Protestant Ethic Account of Capitalism 114
Catholic-Protestant Economic Differences: An Empirical
Generalization 115
Conceptualizing Attitudinal Variation as the Cause of
Variable Economic Success: Economic
Traditionalism versus the Spirit of Capitalism 116
The Spirit of Capitalism 118
Contents ix
Explaining Variation in Capitalist Spirit: Background
Information 120
Protestantism and the Spirit of Capitalism: Calling,
Predestination, and Worldly Asceticism 122
Luther s Idea of Calling 124
Calvin and Predestination 125
Calvinism and Worldly Asceticism 126
Signs of Election in Intense Occupational Activity 127
From the Protestant Ethic to Capitalism and Its Spirit 129
Back to Protestant-Catholic Differences? The Argument as
a Whole 131
Evaluating the Protestant Ethic Thesis 135
Weber and Historical Idealism 138
Weber and Verstehen 140
Conclusion 142
Notes 143
Max Weber and Analytic Typologies 147
What Is an Analytic Typology? 148
What Makes for a Good Typology? 151
Exhaustiveness 151
Mutual Exclusivity 151
Usefulness 153
Weber s Typologies 154
Power 154
Authority 156
The Grounds of Bureaucratic Authority 159
The Grounds of Professional Authority 159
The Grounds of Traditional Authority 160
The Grounds of Charismatic Authority 161
Charismatic Authority and the Sociology of Charisma 164
Bureaucratic Authority and the Sociology of Bureaucracies 166
What Is a Bureaucracy? 167
The Social Ecology of Bureaucracies 171
Rationalization and Historical Change 174
The Types of Social Action 175
Stratification and Conflict 181
Conclusion 185
Appendix 5A: Mutual Exclusivity 186
Appendix 5B: Measuring Rationalization 187
Notes
x Contents
6 Emile Durkheim on the Division of Labor and Suicide 195
The Division of Labor 196
The Forms of Solidarity 197
Modes of Punishment Vary with Forms of Solidarity 201
Evaluating Durkheim s Theory 203
Durkheim on Suicide 206
Setting Up the Problem 207
From Empirical Generalizations to a Theory 208
Evaluating Durkheim s Theory of Suicide 216
Measuring and Calibrating Integration and Regulation 217
Robustness and Dubious Ad Hoc Assumptions 219
Implications Unsupported by Data 220
Social Integration and Mortality 223
Conclusion 225
Notes 226
7 Emile Durkheim and Functionalism 231
The Social Function of Crime 232
Denning the Problem 233
Explaining Crime 236
An Illustrative Case: Fraud and Innovation in Science 238
Functionalism as a Paradigm 242
Functional Explanations of Stratification and Poverty 248
Davis and Moore on Stratification 248
Herbert Gans on Poverty 251
Concluding Remarks on Functionalism 255
Structuralism: Durkheim on the Origins of Religion 255
The Problem of Religion 256
Explaining Religion 258
Evaluating Durkheim s Explanation 260
On Structuralism 263
Conclusion 265
Notes 266
8 G. H. Mead and Symbolic Interaction 271
Mead and Social Behaviorism 272
Behaviorism 272
The Formation of the Self 275
The Phases of the Self 277
Erving Goffman and Symbolic Interaction 281
Explaining the Rules of Interaction 282
x Contents
6 Emile Durkheim on the Division of Labor and Suicide 195
The Division of Labor 196
The Forms of Solidarity 197
Modes of Punishment Vary with Forms of Solidarity 201
Evaluating Durkheim s Theory 203
Durkheim on Suicide 206
Setting Up the Problem 207
From Empirical Generalizations to a Theory 208
Evaluating Durkheim s Theory of Suicide 216
Measuring and Calibrating Integration and Regulation 217
Robustness and Dubious Ad Hoc Assumptions 219
Implications Unsupported by Data 220
Social Integration and Mortality 223
Conclusion 225
Notes 226
7 Emile Durkheim and Functionalism 231
The Social Function of Crime 232
Denning the Problem 233
Explaining Crime 236
An Illustrative Case: Fraud and Innovation in Science 238
Functionalism as a Paradigm 242
Functional Explanations of Stratification and Poverty 248
Davis and Moore on Stratification 248
Herbert Gans on Poverty 251
Concluding Remarks on Functionalism 255
Structuralism: Durkheim on the Origins of Religion 255
The Problem of Religion 256
Explaining Religion 258
Evaluating Durkheim s Explanation 260
On Structuralism 263
Conclusion 265
Notes 266
8 G. H. Mead and Symbolic Interaction 271
Mead and Social Behaviorism 272
Behaviorism 272
The Formation of the Self 275
The Phases of the Self 277
Erving Goffman and Symbolic Interaction 281
Explaining the Rules of Interaction 282
Figures and Tables
Figure 1.1 White Male Homicide Offender Rates for Cities of Size
Less Than 200,000 12
Figure 1.2 Empirical Generalization 1: The Geographic
Distribution of Argument-Related Homicide 13
Figure 1.3 Empirical Generalization 2: The Geographic
Distribution of a Culture of Honor 16
Figure 1.4 Empirical Generalizations 1 and 2 Combined 17
Figure 1.5 The Culture of Honor Theory Stated Directly 17
Figure 1.6 Matching Patterns to Develop a Theory 19
Figure 1.7 The Temperature Theory of Argument-Related
Homicide 23
Figure 1.8 The Gun Ownership Theory of Argument-Related
Homicide 23
Figure 1.9 Evaluating a Theory for Robustness 26
Figure 1.10 Evaluating a Theory through Logical Implications 27
Figure 1.11 Evaluating a Theory through Substantive Implications 27
Figure 1.12 Theories, Causal Narratives, and Descriptive Narratives 33
Figure 2.1 Relations among Alienation, Exploitation, and
Productivity 58
Figure 2.2 An Empirical Generalization Relating the Condition of
Workers to Modes of Production 60
Figure 2.3 Marx s Theory in Linear Form: Concentration of Power
and Mode of Production Explain Alienation,
Exploitation, and Productivity 63
Figure 2.4 Marx s Theory in Nonlinear Form: Concentration of
Power and Mode of Production Explain Alienation,
Exploitation, and Productivity 65
Figures and Tables
Figure 1.1 White Male Homicide Offender Rates for Cities of Size
Less Than 200,000 12
Figure 1.2 Empirical Generalization 1: The Geographic
Distribution of Argument-Related Homicide 13
Figure 1.3 Empirical Generalization 2: The Geographic
Distribution of a Culture of Honor 16
Figure 1.4 Empirical Generalizations 1 and 2 Combined 17
Figure 1.5 The Culture of Honor Theory Stated Directly 17
Figure 1.6 Matching Patterns to Develop a Theory 19
Figure 1.7 The Temperature Theory of Argument-Related
Homicide 23
Figure 1.8 The Gun Ownership Theory of Argument-Related
Homicide 23
Figure 1.9 Evaluating a Theory for Robustness 26
Figure 1.10 Evaluating a Theory through Logical Implications 27
Figure 1.11 Evaluating a Theory through Substantive Implications 27
Figure 1.12 Theories, Causal Narratives, and Descriptive Narratives 33
Figure 2.1 Relations among Alienation, Exploitation, and
Productivity 58
Figure 2.2 An Empirical Generalization Relating the Condition of
Workers to Modes of Production 60
Figure 2.3 Marx s Theory in Linear Form: Concentration of Power
and Mode of Production Explain Alienation,
Exploitation, and Productivity 63
Figure 2.4 Marx s Theory in Nonlinear Form: Concentration of
Power and Mode of Production Explain Alienation,
Exploitation, and Productivity 65
xiv Figures and Tables
Relation between the Quality and Normalcy of
Scientific Work 241
Figure 7.5 The Contribution of Functional and Conflict
Paradigms to Explaining Stratification 252
Table 7.1 Number of Sovereign Groups and Presence of High
Gods 262
Figure 8.1 An Empirical Generalization about Seating Behavior 290
Figure 8.2 Adding an Independent Variable to Explain Seating
Behavior 290
Figure 8.3 A Theory of Seating Behavior 291
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:33:33Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Schneider, Mark A. Verfasser aut The theory primer a sociological guide Mark A. Schneider Lanham [u.a.] Rowman and Littlefield 2006 XIX, 343 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020022176&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schneider, Mark A. The theory primer a sociological guide |
| title | The theory primer a sociological guide |
| title_auth | The theory primer a sociological guide |
| title_exact_search | The theory primer a sociological guide |
| title_full | The theory primer a sociological guide Mark A. Schneider |
| title_fullStr | The theory primer a sociological guide Mark A. Schneider |
| title_full_unstemmed | The theory primer a sociological guide Mark A. Schneider |
| title_short | The theory primer |
| title_sort | the theory primer a sociological guide |
| title_sub | a sociological guide |
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