Satellite hydrocarbon exploration: interpretation and integration techniques
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Berlin <<[u.a.]>>
Springer
1994
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XI, 319 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 3540573488 0387573488 |
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Contents
Part 1 Fundamentals of Remote Sensing Technology,
Interpretation and Integration
Chapter 1 Imaging Systems. 3
1.1 Introduction. 3
1.2 The Multispectral Scanning System. 5
1.2.1 The Advantages of Multispectral
Imaging. 6
1.2.2 A Word of Caution. 8
1.3 The Thematic Mapper. 8
1.3.1 Changes in Spectral Range . 8
1.3.2 Advantages of Increased Spatial
Resolution and Spectral Range . 9
1.4 The SPOT Satellite. 12
1.4.1 Off-Nadir Viewing Capabilities . 12
1.5 Radar Imagery. 14
1.5.1 Background. 14
1.5.1.1 Factors Affecting Reflection
Intensity . 16
1.5.1.2 Factors Affecting Resolution - Range
Resolution. 17
1.5.1.3 Factors Affecting Resolution —Azimuth
Resolution. 17
1.5.2 Advantages of Mapping with
Radar Imagery . 18
1.5.2.1 Cloud Penetration. 18
1.5.2.2 "Treetop Geology". 18
1.5.2.3 Surface Roughness Detection . 19
1.5.2.4 Preferred Look Directions. 21
1.5.2.5 Stereo Radar Imaging of Geological
Structures. 24
1.5.3 Problems with Radar Imagery. 25
1.5.3.1 Slant Range Images. 25
1.5.3.2 Layover. 25
1.5.4 Spaceborne Radar Systems in Use. 25
1.5.5 Future Spaceborne Radar Systems . 28
1.5.6 Evaluation of Space Radar. 29
1.6 Summary. 32
References and Further Reading . 32
Chapter 2 Digital Image Manipulation . 35
2.1 Introduction. 35
2.2 Imagery Enhancement Techniques. 37
2.2.1 Contrast Stretching. 37
2.2.2 Standard False-Color Imagery . 38
2.2.3 Intensity, Hue and Saturation
Transformations. 41
2.2.4 Ratio Enhancement. 43
2.2.5 Edge Enhancement. 44
2.3 Information Extraction Techniques. 45
2.3.1 Spectral Classification. 45
2.3.2 Supervised Classification. 47
2.3.3 Unsupervised Classification . 48
2.4 Merged Imagery . 48
2.5 Summary. 49
References and Further Reading . 50
Chapter 3 Image Interpretation Techniques:
Exposed Structures. 53
3.1 Definitions and Classification. 53
3.2 Analysis of Exposed Folds . 54
3.2.1 Dip and Strike of Inclined Bedrock
Strata. 54
3.2.2 Landforms Related to Inclined Bedrock
Strata . 56
3.2.3 Shadowing Effects. 57
3.2.4 Geomorphic Expressions of Different
Fold Types. 57
3.2.5 Complications in the Expressions of
Folded Strata. 65
3.3 Analysis of Exposed Faults. 66
3.3.1 Surface Expressions of Fault
Scarps. 66
3.3.2 Geomorphic Expressions of Different
Fault Types . 68
3.3.2.1 Multidirectional Positive. 68
3.3.2.2 Parallel Composite . 69
3.3.2.3 Linear Negative. 69
3.3.2.4 Sinuous Positive . 69
3.3.3 Modification of Fault-Line Traces . 69
3.3.3.1 Inverted . 69
3.3.3.2 Pseudo-Fault. 70
3.3.3.3 Polyphase . 70
3.4 Surface and Structural Patterns of Different
Structural Styles . 70
3.4.1 Compressional vs. Extensional
Basement-Involved Fault Block Styles . . 71
3.4.2 Wrench Fault Assemblages. 73
3.4.3 Décollement Thrust Fault
Assemblages. 74
3.4.4 Regional Structural Analysis. 75
3.4.5 Reactivated Structures and
Superimposed Styles. 75
3.4.6 Word of Caution. 79
3.5 Summary. 79
References and Further Reading . 80
Chapter 4 Image Interpretation Techniques:
Obscured and Buried Structures. 83
4.1 Introduction. 83
4.1.1 Mechanisms of Surface Expression . 83
4.2 Analysis Criteria . 86
4.2.1 Structurally Controlled Streams . 86
4.2.2 Structurally Controlled Streams
Related to Piping and Sapping. 90
4.2.3 Brightness and Spectral Variations . 96
4.2.4 Classification and .Analysis of
Lineaments and Linear Features. 102
4.2.4.1 Lineament Analysis. 102
4.2.4.2 Analysis of Linear Features. 105
4.3 Reconstruction Techniques. 107
4.3.1 Topographic Models of Obscured
and Buried Folded Strata . 107
4.3.2 Geomorphic Investigation of Domal
Topography. 109
4.3.3 Subsurface Reconstruction of Domal
Topography. 109
4.4 Summary. 112
References and Further Reading . 112
Chapter 5 Interpretation Techniques:
Detection and Analysis of Basement Warp Structures . . 115
5.1 Introduction. 115
5.2 Previous Studies . 115
5.3 Principles of Integrating Reconnaissance
Data Sets . 116
5.4 Classification of Basement Structures . 118
5.4.1 Exposed Basement Structures. 118
5.4.1.1 First-Order Basement Structures . 118
5.4.1.2 Second-Order Basement Structures . 118
5.4.1.3 Third-Order Basement Structures. 122
5.4.2 Basement Warp Structures
(Buried and Obscured) . 122
5.4.2.1 First-Order Basement Warp Structures . 122
5.4.2.2 Second-Order Basement Warp
Structures. 123
5.4.2.3 Third-Order Basement Warp Structures 123
5.5 Diagnostic Surface Features of Basement
Warp Structures . 124
5.5.1 Subsequent Incised Valleys. 125
5.5.2 Transverse Incised Valleys . 126
5.5.3 Cuesta Topography. 129
5.6 Specialized Interpretation Tools . 129
5.6.1 Structurally Controlled Incised Valleys
in the Belle Fourche Arch Area,
Powder River Basin. 131
5.6.1.1 Introduction . 131
5.6.1.2 Surface and Subsurface Expressions
of the Belle Fourche Arch . 131
5.6.1.3 Geological Model of the Belle
Fourche Arch . 136
5.6.1.4 Exploration Application . 137
5.7 Summary. 138
References and Further Reading . 140
Chapter 6 Interpretation Techniques:
Structural Mapping with Stereo Data. 143
6.1 Introduction. 143
6.2 Principles of Stereo . 143
6.2.1 Concepts of Visual Depth Perception . 143
6.2.2 Concepts of Simulated Depth
Perception. 144
6.2.3 Common Stereoscopic Distortions. 144
6.2.3.1 Vertical Exaggeration. 144
6.2.3.2 Pseudoscopic Illusions. 145
6.3 Principles for Geological Mapping
with Stereo Data . 146
6.3.1 The Floating Dot Principle and
Parallax Bars . 146
6.3.2 Quantitative Measurements of Dips
and Strikes . 147
6.3.3 Creating a Form-Line Surface
Structure (ESS) Map . 147
6.4 Tools for Geological Mapping with Stereo Data . 149
6.4.1 Stereo Pair Alignment. 149
6.4.2 Simple Optical Stereoscopes . 149
6.4.3 Complex and Analytical Stereoscopes .150
6.4.4 Digital Image Correlation . 151
6.5 Evaluation of Different Stereo Data. 153
6.5.1 SPOT vs. High-Altitude Photography
in Low Relief Areas . 153
6.5.2 SPOT vs. Field Data in Highly
Deformed Areas . 159
6.6 Exploration Applications. 161
6.7 Selecting Stereo Data for Structural Mapping . 165
6.8 Incorporating Stereo Capabilities . 167
6.9 Summary. 167
References and Further Reading . 168
Chapter 7 Structural Analysis of Sedimentary Basins . . 171
7.1 Introduction. 171
7.2 Approach. 171
7.3 Analysis of Fractured Reservoir Trends in the
Swiss Molasse Basin . 172
7.3.1 Objectives. 172
7.3.2 Approach . 173
7.3.3 Geological Settings of the Molasse
Basin. 173
7.3.4 Exploration in the Swiss Molasse. 178
7.3.5 Regional Analysis of Satellite
Imagery. 179
7.3.6 Analysis of the Basin's Margins. 180
7.4 Basin Interior . 180
7.4.1 Subsurface Data . 181
7.4.2 Swiss Molasse Play Concept. 181
7.4.3 Prospective Leads from the Swiss
Molasse.183
7.5 Détection of Buried Triassic Basins in the
Coastal Plains of the Eastern United States . 184
7.5.1 Objectives . 184
7.5.2 Geological Setting of the Mesozoic
Basins. 184
7.5.3 Satellite imagery Interpretation .188
7.5.4 Regional Gravity and Magnetic Data
Interpretation. 190
7.6 Detailed Analysis of Known Buried Basins . 191
7.6.1 Geological/Geophysical Model of
Buried Triassic Basins . 193
7.6.2 Structural Lead Map. 193
7.6.3 Conclusions and Recommendations . 194
7.7 Summary. 196
References and Further Reading . 196
Chapter 8 Other Applications. 199
8.1 Introduction . 199
8.2 Principlesof Direct Detection of Hydrocarbons 199
8.2.1 Prototype Example - The Velma Field,
Oklahoma. 199
8.2.1.1 Background Information . 199
8.2.1.2 Surface Manifestations. 202
8.2.1.3 Imagery . 202
8.2.2 Other Related Studies. 204
8.2.2.1 Conclusions . 204
8.3 Outcrop Studies. 204
8.4 Logistical and Environmental Applications . 207
8.5 Summary. 209
References and Further Reading . 209
Closing Remarks.211
Part 2 Additional Examples of Remote Sensing
Interpretation and Integration
Introduction. 215
Chapter 9 The Salt Flat Graben, West Texas. 217
9.1 Background. 217
9.2 Objectives . 217
9.3 Training Instructions. 217
9.3.1 Interpretation Procedures . 217
9.3.2 Questions . 217
References and Further Reading . 218
Chapter 10 Death Valley Region,
Nevada and California . 225
10.1 Background. 225
10.2 Objectives . 225
10.3 Training Instructions. 225
10.3.1 Interpretation Procedures . 225
10.3.2 Questions . 225
References and Further Reading . 226
Chapter 11 The Fort St. John Graben,
Western Canada. 239
11.1 Background. 239
11.2 Objectives . 239
11.3 Training Instructions. 239
11.3.1 Interpretation Procedures . 239
11.3.2 Questions . 239
References and Further Reading . 240
Chapter 12 The Canadian Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt,
Northern British Columbia. 249
12.1 Background.249
12.2 Objectives .249
12.3 Training Instructions. 249
12.3.1 Interpretation Procedures.249
12.3.2 Questions. 250
References and Further Reading .250
Chapter 13 The Paris Basin, France . 263
13.1 Background. 263
13.2 Objectives . 263
13.3 Training Instructions. 263
13.3.1 Interpretation Procedures.263
13.3.2 Questions.263
References and Further Reading .264
Chapter 14 The East Texas Region. 277
14.1 Background. 277
14.2 Objectives . 277
14.3 Training Instructions. 277
14.3.1 Interpretation Procedures.277
14.3.2 Questions.277
References and Further Reading .278
Appendices
A. List of Symbols Used in the Interpretation
of Imagery Data. 295
B. Abbreviations Used on Image. 296
C. Drainage Patterns. 297
D. Major Sources of Images . 301
Glossary. 307
Location Index. 313
Subject Index . 315 |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-02-10T15:01:51Z |
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| isbn | 3540573488 0387573488 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XI, 319 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
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| publisher | Springer |
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| spelling | Berger, Zeev Verfasser aut Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques Zeev Berger Berlin <<[u.a.]>> Springer 1994 XI, 319 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd rswk-swf Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd rswk-swf Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 gnd rswk-swf Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 s Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 s Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 s DE-188 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018376097&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Berger, Zeev Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4125182-9 (DE-588)4224344-0 (DE-588)4047505-0 |
| title | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques |
| title_auth | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques |
| title_exact_search | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques |
| title_full | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques Zeev Berger |
| title_fullStr | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques Zeev Berger |
| title_full_unstemmed | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques Zeev Berger |
| title_short | Satellite hydrocarbon exploration |
| title_sort | satellite hydrocarbon exploration interpretation and integration techniques |
| title_sub | interpretation and integration techniques |
| topic | Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Erdöllagerstätte Satellitenfernerkundung Prospektion |
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