Acoustic absorbers and diffusers: theory, design and application
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London [u.a.]
Taylor & Francis
2009
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 476 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780415471749 9780203893050 0415471745 0203893050 |
Staff View
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| adam_text | Titel: Acoustic absorbers and diffusers
Autor: Cox, Trevor J
Jahr: 2009
Contents
Preface to the first edition ix
Preface to the second edition xiii
Acknowledgements xiv
Glossary of frequently used symbols xv
Introduction 1
Absorption versus diffuse reflections 4
Applications and basic principles of absorbers 7
1.1 Reverberation control 7
1.2 Noise control in factories and large rooms with diffuse fields 13
1.3 Modal control in critical listening spaces 14
1.4 Echo control in auditoria and lecture theatres - basic sound
propagation models 16
1.5 Absorption in sound insulation - transfer matrix modelling 22
1.6 Pipes, ducts and silencers - porous absorber characteristics 24
1.7 Enclosures, barriers and roads 26
1.8 Natural noise control 28
1.9 Hearing protection devices 28
1.10 Loudspeaker cabinets 28
1.11 Summary 29
1.12 References 29
Applications and basic principles of diffusers 31
2.1 Echo control in auditoria 31
2.2 Reducing coloration in small sound reproduction rooms 40
2.3 Music practice rooms 49
2.4 Promoting diffuse fields in reverberation chambers 52
2.5 Improving speech intelligibility in underground or subway stations 53
2.6 Promoting spaciousness in auditoria 54
2.7 Reducing effects of early arriving reflections in large spaces 55
2.8 Stage enclosures 56
2.9 Blurring the focussing from concave surfaces 63
2.10 In audience areas - diffuse fields 64
vi Contents
2.11 Barriers and streets 66
2.12 Conclusions 67
2.13 References 67
3 Measurement of absorber properties 70
3.1 Impedance or standing wave tube measurement 70
3.2 Two-microphone free field measurement 80
3.3 Multi-microphone techniques for non-isotropic,
non-planar surfaces 82
3.4 Reverberation chamber method 84
3.5 In situ measurement of absorptive properties 90
3.6 Measurement of internal properties of porous absorbents 95
3.7 Summary 107
3.8 References 107
4 Measurement and characterization of diffuse reflections or
scattering 110
4.1 Measurement of scattered polar responses 11 1
4.2 Diffusion and scattering coefficients - a general discussion 127
4.3 The need for coefficients 128
4.4 The diffusion coefficient 130
4.5 The scattering coefficient 135
4.6 The correlation scattering coefficient - from polar responses
to scattering coefficients 143
4.7 Contrasting diffusion and scattering coefficients - a summary 147
4.8 Other methods for characterizing diffuse reflections 147
4.9 Summary 153
4.10 References 153
5 Porous absorption 156
5.1 Absorption mechanisms and characteristics 156
5.2 Some material types 160
5.3 Basic material properties 169
5.4 Modelling propagation within porous absorbents 172
5.5 Predicting the surface impedance and absorption coefficient
of porous absorbers 184
5.6 Local and extended reaction 189
5.7 Oblique incidence 189
5.8 Biot theory for elastic framed material 191
5.9 Summary 192
5.10 References 193
6 Resonant absorbers 196
6.1 Mechanisms 197
6.2 Example constructions 198
Contents vii
6.3 Design equations: resonant frequency 208
6.4 Example calculations 221
6.5 Other constructions 223
6.6 Summary 228
6.7 References 228
7 Some other absorbers 230
7.1 Seating and audience 230
7.2 Absorbers from Schroeder diffusers 232
7.3 Absorbing sonic crystals 244
7.4 Trees and vegetation 248
7.5 Summary 249
7.6 References 250
8 Prediction of scattering 252
8.1 Boundary element methods 252
8.2 Kirchhoff 268
8.3 Fresnel 272
8.4 Fraunhofer or Fourier solution 273
8.5 Finite difference time domain (FDTD) 277
8.6 Other methods 284
8.7 Summary 286
8.8 References 287
9 Schroeder diffusers 289
9.1 Basic principles 289
9.2 Design equations 291
9.3 Some limitations and other considerations 292
9.4 Sequences 295
9.5 The curse of periodicity and modulation 303
9.6 Improving the bass response 312
9.7 Multi-dimensional devices 315
9.8 Absorption 319
9.9 But... 322
9.10 Optimization 324
9.11 Summary 329
9.12 References 329
10 Geometric reflectors and diffusers 331
10.1 Plane surfaces 331
10.2 Triangles and pyramids 339
10.3 Concave arcs 343
10.4 Convex arcs 344
10.5 Optimized curved surfaces 352
10.6 Fractals 364
viii Contents
10.7 Volumetric diffusers 368
10.8 Materials 369
10.9 Summary 371
10.10 References 371
11 Hybrid surfaces 373
11.1 Planar hybrid surface 373
11.2 Curved hybrid surfaces 375
11.3 Ternary and quadriphase surfaces 377
11.4 Simplest theory 377
11.5 Number sequences 378
11.6 Absorption 389
11.7 Accuracy of the Fourier theory 390
11.8 Diffuse reflections 393
11.9 Summary 398
11.10 References 398
12 Absorbers and diffusers in rooms and geometric models 399
12.1 Converting absorption coefficients 399
12.2 Absorption in geometric room acoustic models 404
12.3 Diffuse reflections in geometric room acoustic models 407
12.4 Summary 417
12.5 References 417
13 Active absorbers and diffusers 419
13.1 Some principles of active control 420
13.2 An example active impedance system and a general overview 422
13.3 Active absorption in ducts 425
13.4 Active absorption in three dimensions 425
13.5 Hybrid active-passive absorption 431
13.6 Active diffusers 434
13.7 Summary 438
13.8 References 438
Appendix A
A.l Table of absorption coefficients 440
A.2 References 444
Appendix B
MATLAB scripts 446
Appendix C
C.l Normalized diffusion coefficient table 453
C.2 Correlation scattering coefficient table 458
Index 463
|
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| author | Cox, Trevor J. D'Antonio, Peter 1941- |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:37:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780415471749 9780203893050 0415471745 0203893050 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Cox, Trevor J. Verfasser (DE-588)174012926 aut Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application Trevor J. Cox and Peter D'Antonio 2. ed. London [u.a.] Taylor & Francis 2009 XVII, 476 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Schallausbreitung (DE-588)4179359-6 gnd rswk-swf Schallabsorption (DE-588)4179358-4 gnd rswk-swf Raumakustik (DE-588)4048567-5 gnd rswk-swf Technische Akustik (DE-588)4059219-4 gnd rswk-swf Technische Akustik (DE-588)4059219-4 s Schallausbreitung (DE-588)4179359-6 s Schallabsorption (DE-588)4179358-4 s Raumakustik (DE-588)4048567-5 s DE-604 D'Antonio, Peter 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)1067601007 aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017447781&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cox, Trevor J. D'Antonio, Peter 1941- Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application Schallausbreitung (DE-588)4179359-6 gnd Schallabsorption (DE-588)4179358-4 gnd Raumakustik (DE-588)4048567-5 gnd Technische Akustik (DE-588)4059219-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4179359-6 (DE-588)4179358-4 (DE-588)4048567-5 (DE-588)4059219-4 |
| title | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application |
| title_auth | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application |
| title_exact_search | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application |
| title_full | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application Trevor J. Cox and Peter D'Antonio |
| title_fullStr | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application Trevor J. Cox and Peter D'Antonio |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory, design and application Trevor J. Cox and Peter D'Antonio |
| title_short | Acoustic absorbers and diffusers |
| title_sort | acoustic absorbers and diffusers theory design and application |
| title_sub | theory, design and application |
| topic | Schallausbreitung (DE-588)4179359-6 gnd Schallabsorption (DE-588)4179358-4 gnd Raumakustik (DE-588)4048567-5 gnd Technische Akustik (DE-588)4059219-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Schallausbreitung Schallabsorption Raumakustik Technische Akustik |
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